Download - Economic Overview of Jiangsu Province

ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF JIANGSU PROVINCE

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ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF JIANGSU PROVINCE ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF JIANGSU PROVINCE

ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF JIANGSU PROVINCE

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NanjingJIANGSU


CONTENTS

This brochure will serve as a guide for companies from the Netherlands looking for a suitable location in Jiangsu Province to establish a legal entity. The brochure provides general infor-mation about the province of Jiangsu and in more detail about its 13 municipalities. Per city practical information is provided, to assess the city in terms of its suitability for investment.

Introduction

I. Overview of Jiangsu Province

II. Jiangsu’s Main Industries

III. Development Zones in Jiangsu

IV. Cities of Jiangsu Province South bank of the Yangtze River Changzhou - 常州 Nanjing - 南京 Suzhou - 苏州 Wuxi - 无锡 Zhenjiang - 镇江 Middle Jiangsu Nantong - 南通 Taizhou - 泰州 Yangzhou - 扬州 North bank of the Yangtze River Huai’an - 淮安 Lianyungang - 连云港 Suqian - 宿迁 Xuzhou - 徐州 Yancheng - 盐城

V. References

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2013

NETHERLANDS BUSINESS SUPPORT OFFICE NANJINGMr. Roeland Schuurman (Chief Representative)Mr. Richard He (Deputy Representative)

This report has been produced in a joint effort by the Netherlands Business Support Office Nanjing and the Consulate-General of the Netherlands in Shanghai.

This report is part of a series of economic overviews of important regions in China, initiated and developed by the Netherlands Economic Network in China. For more information about these reports, visit www.zakendoeninchina.org or contact the Netherlands Embassy in Beijing at [email protected].

Unauthorized use, disclosure or copying without permission of the publisher is strictly prohib-ited. The information contained herein, including any expression of opinion, analyses, chart-ing or tables, and statistics has been obtained from or is based upon sources believed to be reliable but is not guaranteed as to accuracy or completeness.

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INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW OF JIANGSU PROVINCEILocated just northwest of Shanghai, Jiangsu Province is economically the most advanced and dynamic province in China. This brochure provides Dutch enterprises background information when exploring the business opportunities in this province.

Three levels to choose fromThe so-called first tier cities in China (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen) attract the most foreign companies by far. Since the beginning of the 1990s, the government has strongly stimulated these cities along the east coast of China in terms of economic development and infrastructure. Although by no means saturated, these markets have become very competitive and increasingly hard to penetrate, particularly for SMEs. In recent years, this policy focused on developing the eastern part of the country has been revised and focus is now on a more equal spread of development throughout the country.

According to the Chinese city tier system, the second tier cities in Jiangsu are Nanjing, Su-zhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and Nantong, all located along the Yangtze River. The other eight major cities in Jiangsu are third tier cities, mainly in northern Jiangsu. Besides general information about the province as a whole, this brochure provides practical information about each of these 13 cities.

Jiangsu has a lot to offer to foreign corporations in terms of business opportunities. The cities have experienced rapid economic growth (around 12% since 2000), offer a sound business climate and are investing greatly in the transformation into high-tech and innovation-focused economies.

Second and third tier cities in an eastern province such as Jiangsu may prove to be very in-teresting and cost-effective for companies that are considering settlement in the vicinity of the Shanghai logistics hub and urban facilities. As a result of the high rate of economic development, the main Jiangsu cities have developed into serious and ambitious partners for international business. Generally, each city has determined certain focus industries or sectors it wants to attract, and shows increasing interest in ‘sustainable’ and ‘green’ solutions and companies.

Challenges and opportunitiesThere are challenges that come with doing business outside of the first tier cities. In these cities the business climate is, compared with Shanghai, generally less adapted to foreign business, English less spoken and the available pool of Chinese employees with experience in Western companies smaller. However, although these challenges exist, the potential for business in these cities is vast. With far less foreign companies in these cities than in a city as Shanghai, the municipal governments generally offer better conditions to potential investors. Besides lower costs (e.g. rent, wages, energy), these cities also offer opportunities in terms of projects (architectural, innovation, etc.). In order to attract foreign investors, local governments have become more acces-sible and often provide favourable tailor-made deals.

Geography and demographyJiangsu Province is located in the middle of the east coast of China. It borders Shanghai and Zhejiang to the south, Anhui to the west and Shandong to the north. Jiangsu has a coastline of over 1,000 kilometers along the Yellow Sea. The Yangtze River, the long-est river of China, passes through the province in the south. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal cuts through Jiangsu from north to south, traversing all the east-west river systems. Jiangsu is relatively flat, with most of the province not more than 50 meters above sea level.

Jiangsu’s total surface is 102.600 km2, about 2,75 times the Netherlands. The total population is 78,5 million, making Jiangsu the most densely populated province in China with an average of 771 persons per km2. Jiangsu has 13 prefecture-level cities, which are one by one introduced further in this report. Of these cities, Nanjing is the provincial capital.


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Jiangsu’s economy at a glanceSince the start of China’s economic reforms in the 1990’s, Jiangsu has been a hot spot for economic development, and is now one of the wealthiest provinces in China with a GDP comparable to that of Switzerland. The main reason for this success is its location in the Yangtze River Delta, an advanced industrial region that generates around one-third of the national GDP. Shanghai operates as the core of the Delta region and has played a crucial role in the development of Jiangsu Province.

In 2012, Jiangsu’s GDP was 5.406 billion RMB (USD 860 billion, 10,4% of China’s total), ranking second of all Chinese provinces, only after Guangdong. Of all provinces, Jiangsu has the highest GDP per capita, which was 10.990 USD in 2012. Notwithstanding China’s political economy (50% of all companies is state-owned), Jiangsu Province has a very strong private sector. By the end of 2011 there were around 1.2 million private enter-prises in the province, the largest number of private enterprises in all of China.

Despite the fast economic development of the province as a whole, the southern and northern parts have experienced a remarkably unequal economic growth, resulting in a large wealth gap between these parts. The cities Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Nanjing and Zhenjiang in southern Jiangsu form the economic hub of the province, made pos-sible by their strategic location in the Yangtze River Delta. As a result, these cities have a GDP per capita of around twice the provincial average. To reduce this gap, the provincial government is currently investing a lot of resources in northern Jiangsu and strongly promotes establishment of foreign companies.

Importance of foreign trade and FDIExternal trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) play a major role in the economy of Jiangsu. This causes the province to be highly exposed to the global economic un-certainty of the past years. In 2011 Jiangsu accounted for almost 15% of China’s total external trade and around 18% of the used FDI, making the province China’s largest recipient of FDI. More than 400 companies listed in the Fortune 500 have already in-vested in Jiangsu.

The major export markets are the US, Japan, Hong Kong and the European Union. In terms of its manufacturing base, the main imports are electronic and mechanical products, high technology products, and integrated circuit and liquid crystal display panels. The major sources for these imports were South Korea, Taiwan and Japan.

In 2011, there were around 4500 foreign-funded projects being validated in Jiangsu. The investments are mainly related to telecommunication, computers, machinery & equipment manufacturing, chemicals, wholesale and retail, textiles and commercial

Jiangsu Province accounts for 1% of the total area in China, 6% of the popula-tion and 10% of the GDP

services. Jiangsu is home to many of the world’s leading multinationals in the field of electronic equipment, chemicals and textiles. In 2011, foreign-invested companies contributed to 71% of the total import and export volume of Jiangsu Province.

Jiangsu has 11 class I ports, such as the ports of Lianyungang, Nanjing, Nantong, Su-zhou and Zhenjiang, which in total have 128 berths for 10.000 ton vessels. The Lian-yungang Port is one of the eight biggest ports in the country, while the Nanjing Port is the biggest inland port in Asia.

Agriculture and natural resourcesThe province has an extensive irrigation system supporting its agriculture, which is based primarily on rice and wheat, followed by maize and sorghum. Main cash crops in-clude cotton, soybeans, peanuts, rapeseed, sesame, ambary hemp and tea. Other prod-ucts include peppermint, spearmint, bamboo, medicinal herbs, apples, pears, peaches, loquats and ginkgo. Silkworms also form an important part of Jiangsu’s agriculture, with the Lake Taihu region to the south as a major base of silk production in China. Jiangsu is also an important producer of freshwater fish and other aquatic products.

Jiangsu has coal, petroleum and natural gas deposits, but its most significant mineral products are non-metal minerals such as halite (rock salt), sulphur, phosphorus and marble. The salt mines of Huai’an have more than 0.4 trillion tonnes of deposits, one of the greatest collections of deposits in China.

Economic and governmental ties between Jiangsu and the NetherlandsOf all provinces in China, Jiangsu has attracted most Dutch investments. Beginning 2013, around 130 Dutch companies had established a company or joint venture in Jiangsu Province. They are active in a broad range of business sectors, with an em-phasis on machinery, chemicals, components, microelectronics, IT, logistics, food and textiles. The large majority of the companies are located in the cities around the Yangtze River, mainly in Suzhou (56), Nanjing (30) and Wuxi (24). Well-known Dutch investors in Jiangsu are Philips, Akzo-Nobel, Shell, DSM, Stork, Vopak, NXP, Twentsche Kabel, Vopak Terminal, ARCADIS, KPMG, Randstad, Ten Cate, KeyTec, etc.

Around 30 Jiangsu companies have already set up a company in the Netherlands, which makes it the 3rd most important destination in Europe, after Germany and the UK. The companies cover a wide range of sectors, with some emphasis on machinery and IT.

Since 1994 the provinces Jiangsu and Noord-Brabant have a sister province relationship, which covers governmental, cultural and economic relations. Additionally, 10 Dutch cities have sister cities in Jiangsu Province. Close governmental relations can play an important role in facilitating business development. This is especially the case in China, considering the large public sector and the considerable influence of the government on private enterprises. The current sister city relationships are: Eindhoven - Nanjing, Tilburg - Changzhou, Breda - Yangzhou, Den Bosch - Wuxi, Leeuwarden - Liyang, Helmond - Zhenjiang, Cuijck - Jintan, Nijmegen - Suzhou, Oss - Taizhou and Boxmeer - Xishan.


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5 main ports

Major export items

Major export markets

Major import items

Major import markets

GDP (RMB billion)

Industry

Retail sales (RMB billion)

Primary (agriculture)

Figure 1. Composition of GDP (%), Source: Jiangsu Statistical Yearbook 2012.

Actual FDI (USD billion)

Secondary (manufacturing)

Per capita GDP (RMB)

Tertiary (services)

2963.5

956.9

20.9

90,622

913.3

2000

299.8

12.2

5.6

51.9

55,788

35.9

1074.4

2011

342.1

6.3

5.6

51.3

36,094

42.4

Utilized foreign direct investment (FDI)

Jiangsu Province quick facts

Major indicators of Jiangsu’s regions (2011)

As a result of these trends, the development of industries was as follows:

Zhenjiang Port, Nanjing Port, Suzhou Port, Nantong Port and Lianyungang Port

Electronic and mechanical products, new and high technology products, automatic data processing machines and accessories and garments and clothing accessories

US, Japan, Hong Kong and the European Union

Electronic and mechanical products, high technology products, integrated circuit and liquid crystal display panels

South Korea, Taiwan and Japan

32.1 (USD billion)

Southern Jiangsu（苏南） Middle Jiangsu（苏中） Northern Jiangsu（苏北）

JIANGSU’S MAIN BUSINESS SECTORSIIJiangsu is one of the birthplaces of Chinese industry, historically oriented towards light in-dustries, such as textiles and the food industry. After 1949, the province also developed heavy industries, such as chemical industry and construction materials. Jiangsu still has one of the largest steel industries in China, with 100 million tons of output in 2011.

Nowadays, the province shows a very broad industrial base, having a strong position in nearly every business sector, both nationally and internationally. Some of the most important sec-tors in Jiangsu are electronics, textiles, machine building, (petro)chemicals, automotive, ship-building, pharmaceuticals, building materials and software outsourcing. The main exports are now in the area of electronic and mechanical products, new and high technology products, automatic data processing machines, and garments and clothing accessories.

In recent years, Jiangsu government is strongly aiming at upgrading the existing industri-al base and encouraging the developing of new industries, especially in the cities along the Yangtze River. Low-end production is discouraged or moved to locations elsewhere in China or Asia. As a consequence, technologically intensive industries have developed fast, especially in emerging sectors, such as the creative industry, new energy, new materials, environmental technology and software outsourcing. To make further development possible, Jiangsu govern-ment and companies are showing increased interest in cooperation with foreign companies.

Some examples of emerging sectors:• The province has become the national leader in software and services outsourcing, now ac-counting for almost 40% of the national outsourcing contracts. At the end of 2011, outsourcing services employed around 640,000 people in Jiangsu.• The provincial government encourages the investment in culture, aiming to increase the cultural industry from 3.3% of the total GDP in 2010 to 6% by 2015. In order to boost tourism the province is improving several parks, museums and theme parks and building a strong media industry.• One of the main priorities in all emerging sectors is to attract and maintain highly skilled workers and an important element in the strategy to do so is being a modern and attractive city. For this reason, Jiangsu offers many business opportunities in the field of urban plan-ning. As the population is experiencing an increase in wealth and western taste, the consumer markets for luxury goods and fashion are also growing fast.


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DEVELOPMENT ZONES IN JIANGSU PROVINCEIIIIn Jiangsu Province, development zones have become the driving forces behind the economic growth and general development of the individual cities and province as a whole. In 2011, these zones together contributed to 76% of foreign investment utilization and 75.6% of import and export volume to the province.

The goals of the development zones are to increase foreign direct investment (FDI), domes-tic investment, international trade and technological cooperation and innovation. The zones also increase the development of infrastructure and increase of employment. To realize these goals, the zones have a certain degree of own authority to define preferential policies, while most of the zones claim to provide a one-stop-service for newly establishing enterprises. Each of the zones have a certain degree of focus on specific business sectors.

Jiangsu is the leading province in China regarding the establishment of various economic development zones. At the end of 2012, there were 27 state level development zones and 99 provincial level zones located in Jiangsu. The difference between these levels is that the state level zones have a higher degree of own authority and service level. The 27 state level devel-opment zones are divided into four groups: economic and technology zones, high-tech zones, bonded zones and tourism zones.

Jiangsu Province has 8 state level High-tech Industrial Development Zones, in the fol-lowing cities: Changzhou, Jiangyin, Kunshan, Nanjing, Suzhou, Taizhou, Xuzhou, and Wuxi.

Jiangsu Province has 16 state level Economic and Technology Zones, in the following cities: Changshu, Huai’an, Kunshan, Lianyungang, Nanjing (three zones, including the Chemical Industrial Park), Nantong, Suzhou (China-Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park), Taican, Wujiang, Xishan, Xuzhou, Yancheng, Zhangjiagang, and Zhenjiang.

There is one bonded zone, which is Zhangjiagang Bonded Zone. In this zone high-level logistic services and tax exemptions are available. Furthermore, there are two tourism zones, namely Wuxi Taihu Lake National Tourism Zone and Suzhou Taihu Lake National Tourism Zone.

Moreover, in Jiangsu there are six state level science and technology innovation bases, which is more than in any other province in China. These bases are located in Changzhou, Danyang, Jiangning, Kunshan, Taizhou and Wuxi.

CITIES OF JIANGSU PROVINCEIVSOUTH BANK OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

This part of Jiangsu is by far the most developed part of Jiangsu Province, generating the ma-jority of the province’s GDP as a result of its convenient location nearby both Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta. Nanjing is the capital and political center of Jiangsu, but economically the cities Suzhou and Wuxi form the economic core of the province.

General Changzhou offers a good alternative for economic powerhouses such as Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi and Nanjing, with a more moderate price level and a welcoming government. The city functions as a transhipment point since the construction of the Grand Canal. It has its own airport, located in the Changzhou National High-Tech District, at a distance of 18 km from the urban city area. Changzhou administers 5 districts (Qishuyan, Tianning, Wujin, Xinbei, Zhonglou) and 2 county level cities (Jintan, Liyang).

Geography Changzhou borders Zhenjiang to the west and Wuxi to the east and is located in the middle between Nanjing and Shanghai. The city is on the south of the Yangtze River, crisscrossed by canals, rivers and lakes.

Main business sectorsTraditionally strong sectors are textiles, mechanical manufacturing, electronics and automo-tive. Besides these traditional industrial sectors, more advanced sectors have been added, such as high-tech, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, environmental protection, new energy and ad-vanced materials. Over the years, the agricultural revenue of Changzhou has shrunk and now only accounts for around 6% of the city’s GDP. The industrialization of Changzhou has resulted in severe contamination of soil and water, which is now fought by the local government by strict regulations and large remediation projects.

Foreign investmentChangzhou is a popular destination for foreign investment, especially in the field of high-tech, because of its technology clusters and strategic location. Currently 42 Fortune’s 500 corpora-tions have set up businesses in Changzhou. The main development zones are the Changzhou National High-Tech District and Wujin New & High-Tech Industrial Park.

Changzhou - 常州

• Population: 4.6 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 77,485 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 3.1 million USD • Exports: 19.4 million USD • Dutch companies: 7• Dutch sister city of Changzhou: Tilburg. Besides, 2 county level cities within Changzhou have Dutch sister cities: Jintan–Cuijk, Liyang-Leeuwarden• Main industries: new energy, new materials, environmental protection, equipment manufacturing, biotechnology, IT


Nanjing - 南京

• Population: 8.1 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 76,263 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 3.6 million USD • Exports: 30.9 million USD • Dutch companies: 30• Dutch sister city: Eindhoven• Main industries: electronics, metals, outsourcing services, IT, automotive, biotechnology, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, industrial machinery

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General As the capital of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing is located in the Yangtze River Delta, at around 270 km from Shanghai. The city is known as an important and all-inclusive industrial production base and also as one of the most developed service industry cities in the Yangtze River Delta. After Beijing and Shanghai, Nanjing has the largest student population of China. The city hosts over 50 universities and colleges, many of which have top positions in Chinese rank-ings. Nanjing, which name refers to ”southern capital” is known for its rich history, having been the capital during 10 Chinese Dynasties. Since 1996 Nanjing and Eindhoven have en-joyed a sister city relationship, to enhance cultural and economic cooperation.

Geography and logisticsNanjing is a major transportation hub in eastern China. The land transportation system con-sists of more than 60 highways connecting the city to all cities and towns within its munici-pality, other municipalities and neighbouring provinces. Besides the highways Nanjing is also a hub for railway transportation, including high-speed rail connections with Shanghai and Beijing. The city is served by air by the Lukou International Airport (35 km southeast of the city), which has direct flights to Frankfurt and many Asian destinations. The Longtang Port is the largest inland port of Asia and the largest container port along the Yangtze River. The city has many bodies of water including small canals, lakes and rivers which are almost all linked to the Yangtze River, providing easy access for cargo transportation.

Main business sectorsThe core industries in Nanjing are electronics and electrical equipment, metals, outsourcing services, automotive, biotechnology, petrochemical and pharmaceutical, industrial machin-ery and parts, IT and manufacturing. Three state owned companies account for 44% of Nan-jing’s GDP, namely Panda Electronics, Jincheng Motors and Nanjing Steel.

Foreign Direct InvestmentThe main development zones are the national level Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangning Economic & Technological Development Zone, Nanjing High-Tech Zone and Nanjing Chemical Park. Besides these zones, Nanjing has several specialised parks for specific industries, in the field of the creative, software, logistics and services sec-tors. Many multinationals have established in Nanjing, such as Fiat, Iveco, A.O. Smith, Erics-son, LG, Sharp, DSM, BASF, Bosch and Siemens. Within the Yangtze River Delta, Nanjing is very competitive in the field of attracting foreign investment, but still falls behind the more innovative cities Suzhou and Wuxi.

Suzhou - 苏州

• Population: 10.5 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 102,129 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 9 million USD • Exports: 167.2 million USD • Dutch companies: 56• Dutch sister city: Nijmegen• Main industries: (petro)chemical, pharmaceutical, industrial machinery, IT and textiles

GeneralFounded in 514 BC, Suzhou has over 2,500 years of rich history. The city’s canals, stone bridges, pagodas and gardens have contributed to its status as one of the top tourist attractions in China. In the last 1000 years, it has been an important centre for China’s silk industry. Suzhou is re-ferred to as “Venice of the East”, referring to the small rivers and lakes flowing through the city.Over the past 10 years, Suzhou’s economy has experienced the highest growth of all cities in China, making the economy the largest in Jiangsu Province. The Suzhou prefecture includes nearby cities Kunshan, Taicang, Changshu and Zhangjiagang. The population within the whole administrative area is over 10 million, the highest of all cities in Jiangsu.

GeographySuzhou neighbours Shanghai to the east, Wuxi to the west and Zhejiang Province to the south. The city is located in the southeast of Jiangsu, along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and on the shores of Lake Taihu.

Main business sectorsSuzhou’s strategic location close to Shanghai and along the Yangtze River has facilitated the city to develop into one of China’s leaders in foreign trade and investment. While in Suzhou the operating costs are lower than in Shanghai, operations can still be managed from Shanghai. The main industries in Suzhou are chemical and pharmaceutical, industrial machinery and parts, IT, communications, petrochemical and textiles. Suzhou is aiming to lead the way in trans-forming from low-end services to high-end service outsourcing. One major advantage to realize this shift is the highly skilled workforce in the city due to the establishment of 20 universities.

Foreign Direct InvestmentForeign investors can benefit from the professional business climate and convenient location, but these factors have sharply increased the costs of setting up business. Moreover, the local government is gradually becoming more selective in which businesses are allowed to set up.In the eastern outskirts of Suzhou, in 1994 the China-Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP) was established, a flagship of Sino-Singaporean cooperation and the only industrial park in China that is entirely the investment of one single foreign country. The total area is 288 km2, which is now almost fully occupied. During the last decade, SIP has realised an annual growth rate of around 30%. By now, almost 5,000 foreign companies have settled down in SIP, among which 170 Fortune 500 enterprises. The national and municipal government are in the process to upgrade SIP, focussing on R&D in new technologies and moving the more traditional sectors to other cities.

Besides SIP, there are 9 other national level development zones established in Suzhou prefec-ture, such as the Suzhou National New & High-Tech Industrial Development Zone.


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Wuxi - 无锡

• Population: 6.4 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 107,437 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 3.5 million USD • Exports: 42.3 million USD • Dutch companies: 24• Dutch sister city: Den Bosch. A district within Wuxi has a Dutch sister city as well: Xishan-Boxmeer• Main industries: textiles, new energy, new materials, environmental protection, water technology, micro-technology, IT, biotechnology, industrial design, creative industry

GeneralDuring the Ming and Qing dynasties, Wuxi became an agricultural centre for the national rice market. In constant development, Wuxi became a hub for the textile industry. Nowa-days, Wuxi has a thriving economy, with a GDP ranking 9th among China’s 956 major cities, even exceeding the GDP of provincial capital Nanjing. Wuxi’s GDP per capita is the highest in Jiangsu, resulting in an interesting consumer market. Wuxi jurisdiction includes 7 districts (Binhu, Beitang, Chong’an, Huishan, Nanchang, Wuxi, Xishan) and 2 county level cities (Jiang-yin, Yixing).

GeographyWuxi is a city in the south of Jiangsu Province and is split in half by Lake Taihu. It borders Changzhou to the west and Suzhou to the east. The city is layered with small old canals, riv-ers and lakes. The water takes up around 30% of the city’s total area. The driving distance to Shanghai is 128 km and to Nanjing 183 km. Wuxi Shuofang Airport is located 12 km southeast of Wuxi and 22 km northwest of Suzhou.

Main business sectorsIn the past centuries, Wuxi became a hub for the textile industry, but in the last decades sever-al new industries have developed, namely micro-electronics and IT, automobile manufactur-ing, high-end textiles and garments, bio-pharmaceuticals, environmental/water technology, new materials, new energy (esp. solar energy), industrial design and creative industry.

Foreign Direct InvestmentDespite Wuxi’s highly developed business infrastructure, the local authorities are still rela-tively cooperative to newcomers. The human resource costs are 40% lower than in Shanghai and also the urban living costs are markedly lower. At this time Wuxi has over 7,000 foreign funded enterprises, and aims at further strengthening international exchanges and coopera-tion. The main development zones in Wuxi are Wuxi New District, Xishan Economic and Tech-nological Development Area and Jiangyin New and High-Tech Industrial Development Zone.

For the coming 5 years, Wuxi is focusing on innovation and upgrading its development zones. The hopes are that by lifting the level of innovation, concentration and services, the develop-ment zones are transformed into leading areas of technological innovation, concentration ar-eas of emerging industries and demonstration areas of intensive development. Wuxi is look-ing to transform itself into an “Orient Silicon Valley” by providing businesses with a start up capital to attract highly educated Chinese people from overseas back to Wuxi.

General Being the smallest city in Jiangsu Province (both in terms of population and of surface), Zhen-jiang has one of the fastest growing economies in the Yangtze River Delta region. The city is an important transportation hub, owing to its strategic location at the intersection of the Yangtze River and the Grand Canal. Zhenjiang Port is one of the major ports along the Yangtze River. Zhenjiang is conveniently located along the high-speed railway Shanghai-Nanjing-Bei-jing, at only 1 hour from Shanghai by train. Zhenjiang jurisdiction includes 3 districts (Dantu, Jinkou, Runzhou) and 3 county level cities (Danyang, Jurong, Yangzhong).

GeographyZhenjiang is located on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, bordering Nanjing on the west, Changzhou to the east and it faces Yangzhou across the Yangtze River. Water is a major natural resource for Zhenjiang, as the city includes more than 60 rivers and canals with a total length of 700 km. Both the Yangtze River and the Grand Canal are flowing through Zhenjiang. Other natural resources available in Zhenjiang are minerals like copper, iron, zinc, lead and silver.

Main business sectorsIndustrial sectors in Zhenjiang occupy 60% of the city’s GDP, strongly supported by the avail-ability of Zhenjiang Port. The sectors are in good shape and have been expanding with 15-20% annually in the last 10 years. The major industrial sectors are chemicals, paper production, automotive, electro-mechanics, high-tech, bio-technology, construction and new materials. In 2013, the municipal government defined the following sectors as emerging sectors: new building materials, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, aerospace, ICT and bio-medicine. The agricultural sector only generates around 4% of the city’s total GDP and consists of mostly rice, wheat, cotton and fruits.

Foreign Direct InvestmentThe main location for foreign investment is the Zhenjiang New Area, which mainly consists of the state level Zhenjiang Economic and Technological Development Zone. This zone cov-ers 218 km2 and includes the Zhenjiang Export Processing Zone. The major industries in this zone are new energy, new materials, aerospace and software outsourcing. A considerable number of large international enterprises have set up production facilities in Zhenjiang New Area, such as Total, Rhodia Group, BASF, FIAT, Cargill and Mitsubishi. Besides New Area, each of the 6 districts and cities has its own provincial-level development zone, with its own secto-rial focus.

Zhenjiang - 镇江

• Population: 3.1 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 73,981 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 1.8 million USD • Exports: 5.6 million USD • Dutch companies: 0• Dutch sister city: Helmond• Main industries: chemicals, automotive, electro-mechanical, high-tech, biotechnoogy, new materials


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GeneralIn the 1990’s, Nantong was one of the 14 coastal cities permitted to engage in international trade, and for this reason it has a reputation as “the first window on the Yangtze River”. In recent years, its economic growth and foreign investments have exceeded all other cities in the Yangtze Economic Zone.

GeographyNantong is situated on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, facing Shanghai across the river. The city’s rapid economic growth is attributed to this advantageous location, especially since the completion of two bridges across the Yangtze River in 2009 cut back travelling time to Shanghai to only one hour. The city has a coastline of more than 400 km along the East China Sea, a riverbank of 164 km along the Yangtze River and large wetlands and beaches. Beside the rivers and marine area, the main natural resources include crude oil, natural gas, coal and marble.

Main business sectorsNantong was traditionally an industrial city, specializing in salt and cotton textile production. Nowadays the city serves as an important transportation hub, with Nantong Port being one of the 10 largest ports in China. Especially for Hong Kong, Japan and South Korea it functions as a major container port. Related to the port, Nantong’s shipbuilding sector is one of the largest in China, with shipyards of giants as COSCO, Rongsheng, Yahua and Daoda. Due to oversupply and the economic downturn in recent years, this sector is currently facing hard times. Other emerging business sectors in Nantong are fishing, textiles, construction, bio-medicine, new energy and software outsourcing. The city is increasingly focussing on wind power energy, with large wind power parks being built in the sea.

Foreign Direct InvestmentNantong has become a major destination for domestic and foreign investment due to its ex-cellent geographical location, making the city one of the fastest growing in China. The main area for foreign investment is the Nantong Economic and Technological Development Zone, which includes the Nanjing Export Processing Zone, and the Nantong High-Tech Industrial Development Zone.

Nantong - 南通

• Population: 7.3 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 56,005 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 2.2 million USD • Exports: 18 million USD • Dutch companies: 3• Dutch sister city: Drechtsteden (Dordrecht, Alblasserdam, Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht, Papendrecht, Sliedrecht, Zwijndrecht)• Main industries: logistics, textiles, shipbuilding, fishing,construction, new energy, bio-medicine, software outsourcing

NORTH BANK OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

Although still lagging behind the economic success of the cities on the south bank, the 3 cities located on the north bank of the Yangtze River are very ambitious to benefit from their strate-gic location. With the cities on the south bank becoming increasingly expensive, the north bank could be a very good alternative.

GeneralTaizhou has a rich history and is the hometown of many famous Chinese people, such as the former Chinese President Hu Jintao. In the past years the city has moved towards industri-alization. Incoming investments and capital funds have allowed for great improvements in financial capability and to newly emerging industrial sectors. As a result of the new Jiangyin Yangtze River Highway Bridge in 1999 and two new railways, Taizhou is now well connected to the economically booming south of Jiangsu. This improvement in infrastructure also helps to attract new investors to the north of the city. Taizhou Prefecture administers 3 districts (Hailing, Gaogang, Jiangyan) and 3 county level cities (Taixing, Jingjiang, Xinghua).

GeographyTaizhou is a city located on the north bank of the Yangtze River, bordering Nantong to the east, Yancheng to the north and Yangzhou to the west. The cities Taizhou and Yangzhou have a combined airport (Yangtai Airport), at 20 km west of the Taizhou city centre.

Main business sectorsTraditionally Taizhou was one of the main farming grounds for Jiangsu, as a result of its fa-vourable climate. Related to agriculture, a number of business sectors have developed, such as flourmills, textile works, wood processing, fishing net manufacturing and food process-ing. Besides these sectors, the main sectors in Taizhou include pharmaceuticals, mechanical and electrical manufacturing, IT and textiles. Worth mentioning are also the large wallpaper industry, which accounts for 30% of Chinese production, the violin production in Taixing ac-counting for 20% of the world production, and the large stainless steel industry, concentrated in Xinghua. In total the industrial sector accounts for over 60% of the city’s GDP.

Taizhou is well known for its China’s Medical City (CMC), China’s only national level medical high-tech industrial development zone (www.medmax.cn), encouraged by former resident Chinese President Hu Jintao. CMC integrates the entire value chain, such as R&D facilities, manufacturing, exhibition and trade, health care demonstration and education. The establish-ment of CMC has been the primary reason for the city of Oss to establish friendship relations with Taizhou.

Foreign Direct InvestmentAfter the opening of CMC in 2006, Taizhou has attracted major international and domestic enterprises in the fields of pharmaceuticals, bio-medical, bio-chemical and bio-tech, and there are also many pioneer projects such as stem cell research, to set up their subsidiaries and facilities. Besides CMC, another major zone for investment is the area around the Class A Taizhou Port, especially for the chemical industry.

Taizhou - 泰州

• Population: 4.6 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 52,396 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 1.4 million USD • Exports: 7.5 million USD • Dutch companies: 2• Dutch sister city: Oss• Main industries: pharmaceutical, biomedical, biochemical and bio-tech enterprises, agriculture, mechanical, electrical manufacture, food manufacture and textiles


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GeneralYangzhou has a history of over 2,500 years, and it is the city where Marco Polo once served as a municipal official. Around 1800 AD, Yangzhou was one of the ten cities in the world with a population of over half a million. Until the 19th century, Yangzhou was a major national, political and financial trade centre and a transportation hub as a result of its location at the junction of the Yangtze, the Hangzou-Beijing Grand Canal and the Huaihe River. This histori-cal period has left the city with a large number of historical sights, artefacts and traditions. Despite this rich history, Yangzhou is now struggling to keep pace with the other cities along the Yangtze River.

GeographyYangzhou is located in the middle of Jiangsu Province, and runs 80 km along the northern bank of the Yangtze River. The Grand Canal flows through Yangzhou from north to south and merges with the Yangtze River in the south. There are four major lakes located in Yangzhou, the Beima, Baiying, Gaoyou and Shaobai lakes, which serve as the most important water re-sources for the region. Other natural resources in Yangzhou include crude oil, coal, natural gas, hot springs and minerals.

The city shares an airport with Taizhou (Yangtai Airport), at 20 km east from the Yangzhou city centre. Yangzhou can be reached from Nanjing by both train and car in approximately one hour.

Main business sectorsDue to the importance of waterways as a mean of transportation during the Ming and Qing dynasties, Yangzhou has been an economic and business trade hub in China for many centu-ries. However, with the introduction of railways and highways its significance has shrunk. Yangzhou Port is located at the junction of the Yangtze River and the Grand Canal. The port is the main distribution centre for northern Jiangsu, eastern Anhui and southeast Shandong, and has greatly promoted the development of exports and the overall local economy.

The main industries in Yangzhou are machinery, automotive, shipbuilding and (petro)chemis-try. In recent years, the local government has encouraged three new sectors: IT, new materials and biotechnology. The tourism industry is of great importance for Yangzhou, with over ten million tourists visiting the city annually.

Foreign Direct InvestmentThe main location for foreign investment is the Yangzhou Economic and Technological Devel-opment Zone, which was opened in 1992 and now covers 120 km2. The main business sectors in this zone are electronic information, photovoltaic, auto parts, port logistics, smart grid and semi-conductors.

Yangzhou - 扬州

• Population: 4.5 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 58,950 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 2.1 million USD • Exports: 7.3 million USD • Dutch companies: 8• Dutch sister city: Breda. County-level cityGaoyou is the sister city of Terneuzen• Main industries: machinery, automotive, shipbuilding, (petro)chemical, IT, new materials, biotechnology

GeneralHuai’an is located on the Northern Jiangsu Plain, bordering Anhui Province to the southwest, Yangzhou to the southeast, Suqian to the west, Liangyungang to the north and Yangcheng to the northeast. The former Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai was born in Huai’an and spent the first 12 years of his life here. Nowadays, the city is strongly promoted by the provincial gov-ernment, which is showed by the appointment of strong leaders as the party secretary and mayor. The prefecture-level city of Huai’an administers 4 districts (Qinghe, Huai’yin, Huai’an, Qingpu) and 4 county level cities (Yinhu, Xuyi, Hongze, Lianshui). The distance to Nanjing is approximately two hours when travelling by car and four hours to Shanghai. 22 km from central Huai’an is the Huai’an Lianshui Airport.

Natural resourcesThe city is known for its two major freshwater lakes, Hongze Lake and Baima Lake. Hongze Lake is the fourth largest fresh water lake of China, occupying an area of 2069 km2. Besides the two lakes, Huai’an has four rivers: the Grand Canal, Huaihe, Yanhe and Huaishu rivers. These water resources have led to a highly developed irrigation and water transportation system. Other natural resources available are rock salt, crude oil and natural gas.

Main business sectorsThe industrial sector is in the process of rapid expansion, which is strongly supported by the provincial government. As a result of the improved transportation system, the city has been able to attract more national and international investors, consequently improving the eco-nomic position of the city. Huai’an is currently developing its chemical, mechanical, textile and bio-technology industries. Another focus area is environmental protection, as the munici-pal government has drafted a protection plan for its lakes and rivers to reduce contaminations from chemical factories and agriculture. The industrial income now occupies more than half of the city’s GDP. The main development zone is the State level Huai’an Economic and Tech-nological Development Zone.

Huai’an - 淮安

• Population: 4.8 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 35,181 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 1.6 million USD • Exports: 1.8 million USD • Dutch companies: 0• Main developing industries: chemical, mechanical, textile, bio-technology

NORTHERN JIANGSU

Traditionally northern Jiangsu consisted mainly of farmland as its fertile soil, abundant water resources and moderate rainfall make it one of China’s main agricultural areas. The products produced included rice, cotton, vegetables and poultry. Other natural resources available are crude oil, natural gas and aquatic products in the coastal areas. Over the years the area has been developing its industrial sector as a result of the large growth from the cities in the south of the province and strong support from the provincial and national government.


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GeneralLianyungang is located in the northeast of Jiangsu, on the shore of the East China Sea. It has a coastline of 162 km, 100,000 hectares of wetlands and many sea beaches. It borders Shandong province to the west and the cities of Huai’an, Suqian and Yancheng to the south. The water surface takes up one fourth of the city’s total surface. The city governs 3 districts (Xinpu, Lianyun, Haizhou) and 4 counties (Ganyu, Donghai, Guanyun, Guannan), while the city’s gov-ernment is located in Xinpu District. The most important natural resources for Lianyungang are water resources: freshwater lakes, rivers, wetlands, marine area and beaches.

LogisticsLianyungang is a one of the major transportation hubs in China. It was one of the 4 original ports opening up for foreign trade in the 1680s by the Qing Dynasty. Nowadays, its seaport is one of the 8 major ports of China, providing good access for the transport of goods and bulk materials between overseas and the hinterland. Both Japan and South Korea can be reached easily by sea. Furthermore, it is the starting point of the Longhai Railway that stretches all the way to Urumqi in the far north west of China, continuing into Russia and Europe, and coming to a stop in Rotterdam. The Chinese national government intends to build an economic belt along this railway, which is called the New Eurasian Continental Bridge. Lianyungang has its own airport.

Main business sectorsBecause of its fertile soil and moderate rainfall, the city is one of Jiangsu’s richest agricultural areas. Nowadays the city is trying to invest in green agriculture, organic food and tree planta-tions. However, the agricultural income is gradually being replaced by the industrial sectors. The economy has expanded rapidly as a result of the growth of the logistic sector, the estab-lishment of new development zones and several large investments. The main new industrial sectors are pharmaceutics, new materials and new energy. The city has a reputation for being the largest pharmaceutical manufacturer for anti-cancer and anti-hepatitis drugs.

Foreign Direct InvestmentEnd 2012, 2,845 foreign companies were registered in Lianyungang. The main development zone is the national level Lianyungang Economic and Technological Development Zone (1984), including the Lianyungang Export Processing Zone. Other areas are Xuwei New Area, Lian-yun New City, Xinhai New Area and a number of industrial parks, which are specialised in specific industrial sectors. Foreigners are, despite the economic progress, still a rare sight in Lianyungang.

Lianyungang - 连云港

• Population: 4.4 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 32,119 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 610 million USD • Exports: 3.7 million USD • Dutch companies: 2• Main developing industries: pharmaceutics, new materials, new energy, high-end equipment manufacturing, IT, maritime, petrochemical, metallurgy, tourism

GeneralSuqian is a city located on the northern plain of Jiangsu and was recognised as a prefecture city in 1996. It now consists of 2 districts (Suyu, Sucheng) and 3 county level cities (Shuyang, Sihong, Siyang). The city is relatively flat, with an elevation of 3 to 71 meter above sea level. The nearest airport is Xuzhou Guanyin Airport, at 60 km distance.

Natural resourcesSuqian has a wide range of natural resources, such as rock salt, crude oil and natural gas, and minerals like quartz, phosphorus, copper and iron. Furthermore, it has abundant water resources, as the water surface is around one third of its total land mass. Suqian has two fresh water lakes, Lake Hongze and Lake Luoma. Besides the lakes, there are four rivers that run through the city: the Grand Canal, the Huaihe River, Yihe River and the Suhe River.

Main business sectorsDue to its water resources, Suqian has a reputation for its aquatic products, including crab, shrimp, silver fish and aquatic vegetables. The agricultural sector, which mainly consists of grain, cotton, oil crops, timber and flowers, accounts for 25% of the city’s total GDP. The city tries to boost the sustainable development of its agricultural and forest sectors. Besides, Su-qian is known for its manufacturing of alcoholic beverages, which dates back to the Ming Dynasty around 500 years ago. Well-known brands are Yanghe and Shuanggou.

In recent years, the provincial and municipal governments are strongly supporting the devel-opment of Suqian’s industrial base. Investment and capital funds have accelerated the city’s economic expansion and urbanization, which have lead to a construction boom in the out-skirts of Suqian city. A number of industrial sectors are developing, which include food and spirit manufacturing, textiles, construction, electronic, chemicals and machinery.

Foreign Direct InvestmentThe level of foreign direct investment in Suqian is still relatively low. The main development zones are the Suqian Economic Development Zone (1998) and the Suzhou-Suqian Develop-ment Zone (2006). In addition, each district and county has its own development zone. For now the large majority of established companies are relatively traditional, labour intensive, Chinese companies.

Suqian - 宿迁

• Population: 4.8 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 27,839 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 190 million USD • Exports: 1.7 million USD • Dutch companies: 1• Main developing industries: food and spirit manufacturing, textiles, construction, electronics, chemicals and machinery


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GeneralXuzhou is known for being the main battlefield in China’s history, with over 200 major battles that have taken place on its land. Despite these combats, Xuzhou remained relatively intact and has a large number of historical attractions and scenic spots. Nowadays, Xuzhou has the 2nd largest registered population in Jiangsu (after Suzhou) and the 2nd largest area (after Yancheng).

Water is abundant in Xuzhou, with more than 213 rivers flowing in the area, including the Bei-jing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and two major lakes. Other important natural resources are coal, of which Xuzhou produces 2.5 million ton annually, and marble, lime and salt.

GeographyThe city is situated in the upper north-western corner of Jiangsu, bordering Anhui and Shan-dong, and midway between Beijing and Shanghai (around 600 km to both). As one of China’s most well known transportation hubs, Xuzhou has an economically strategic location. China’s two most important railway lines meet in Xuzhou: the high-speed railway Beijing-Shanghai, running from north to south, and Lianyungang-Europe, running east to west. By air Xuzhou is served by the Xuzhou Guanyin Airport.

Xuzhou is the economic engine and the largest city of the Huaihai Economic Region, in which over 30 cities in the provinces Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Anhui cooperate. Furthermore, Xuzhou is a member of the Yangtze Delta Economic Region, which connects it with southern Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang Province.

Main business sectorsIn the past, the agricultural income occupied a major portion of the city’s economy, but over the years this has shrunk to only 3% of the city’s GDP. Now the city is trying to increase its green ag-riculture and organic food and tree plantation efforts. In the last decades, Xuzhou has developed into the “Capital of Construction Machinery”, lead by Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group. Other fast growing economic sectors are new energy, logistics and food processing. As a result of the improvements in their industrial infrastructure, the city’s industrial GDP experienced a growth of 14-17% per year in the past five years.

Industrialization and the use of coal as fuel have led to high levels of pollution in the city, in terms of air, water and soil. As a result the municipal government has introduced strict envi-ronmental policies and has spent significant funds over the years to protect the environment.

Foreign Direct InvestmentThe main location for foreign investment is the national level Xuzhou Economic and Techno-logical Development Zone (1992). Over 2000 enterprises have established in this zone, of which around 500 foreign.

Xuzhou - 徐州

• Population: 8.6 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 41,407 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 1.5 million USD • Exports: 4.2 million USD • Dutch companies: 1• Main developing industries: construction machinery, new energy, logistics, and food production and processing

General The name of this city means “Salt City” in Mandarin, referring to its sea salt production and salt harvest fields that surround the city, tracking back to 119 B.C. The city is located on the flat coastal plain of Eastern Jiangsu, along the China Yellow Sea. It is the largest city in Jiangsu in terms of land area and has the longest coastal line in Jiangsu (almost 600 km). It borders Lianyungang in the north, Huai’an and Yangzhou in the west, and Taizhou and Nantong in the south. The city administers 2 districts (Tinghu, Yandu), 2 county level cities (Dongtai, Dafeng) and 5 counties (Xiangshui, Binhai, Funing, Jianhu, Sheyang). Yancheng airport offers flights to the major cities in China.

Natural resourcesYancheng has relatively a well-protected coastline and abundant water resources. The areas, which are not cultivated are mainly marshlands. The coastal waters provide the city with a lot of fish, while the marshlands offer Yancheng two nature reserves of national prestige. Further-more, the natural resources of Yancheng include crude oil and natural gas.

Main business sectorsYancheng’s economy historically relies heavily on agriculture and fishery. Some of the major agricultural products are cotton, garlic, oil plants, silkworm fruits, fowl and eggs. Recently the automotive industry was added, as a result of a joint venture between multinational auto giant Kia Motors and Dongfeng Automotive Group, with the establishment of a factory. As a result of the booming economy, environmental contamination and air pollution are the next focus of the municipality. Substantial funds have been spent to protect the eco-system and a strict eye is kept on potential polluters.

Foreign Direct InvestmentSo far the number of foreign investments in Yancheng is relatively low. The main development zone in Yangcheng for foreign companies is the national level Yancheng Economic and Technical Development Zone (1992), including the Yancheng Export Processing Area. This development zone is mainly focused on automotive, photovoltaic, machinery and textiles. Furthermore, each city and county has its own provincial level development zone.

Yancheng - 盐城

• Population: 7.2 million (2011)• GDP per capita: 38,222 RMB (2011)• Utilized FDI: 1.7 million USD • Exports: 3 million USD • Dutch companies: 1• Main developing industries: agriculture, fishery, textiles, automotive, machinery, water conservation


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REFERENCESVGeneral information about Jiangsu Province can be found on:

www.js.gov.cnwww.jiangsu.netenglish.jschina.com.cnen.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Jiangsuwww.economist.com/content/chinese_equivalentswww.starmass.com/china-review/provincial-overview/jiangsu-imports-exports.html

Information about the 13 cities in Jiangsu Province can be found on:

changzhou.jiangsu.netwww.changzhou.gov.cn

nanjing.jiangsu.netwww.nanjing.gov.cn

suzhou.jiangsu.netwww.suzhou.gov.cn

wuxi.jiangsu.netwww.wuxi.gov.cn

zhenjiang.jiangsu.netwww.zhenjiang.gov.cn

nantong.jiangsu.netwww.nantong.gov.cn

taizhou.jiangsu.netwww.taizhou.gov.cn

yangzhou.jiangsu.netwww.yangzhou.gov.cn

huaian.jiangsu.netwww.huaian.gov.cn

lianyungang.jiangsu.netwww.lyg.gov.cn

suqian.jiangsu.netwww.suqian.gov.cn

xuzhou.jiangsu.netwww.xz.gov.cn

yancheng.jiangsu.netwww.yancheng.gov.cn

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Download - Economic Overview of Jiangsu Province

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