Drill 4/14Drill 4/14
Why did the Munich Conference/ Why did the Munich Conference/ Appeasement policy fail?Appeasement policy fail?
World War IIWorld War II
The BlitzThe Blitz
ObjectiveObjective
Students will be able to chronicle the Students will be able to chronicle the events of Hitler’s early actions in events of Hitler’s early actions in Europe at the onset of World War IIEurope at the onset of World War II
September 1, 1939September 1, 1939
German forces invade PolandGerman forces invade Poland
– Hitler once again claims that the region Hitler once again claims that the region of Poland, that contains the important of Poland, that contains the important port of Danzig, rightfully belongs to port of Danzig, rightfully belongs to GermanyGermany
The Non-aggression PactThe Non-aggression Pact
Part of that non-aggression pact that Part of that non-aggression pact that was signed stated that the Germans was signed stated that the Germans and the Russians would divide up and the Russians would divide up PolandPoland
– Also, other key areas in the Soviet’s Also, other key areas in the Soviet’s “zone of interest” would be given up.“zone of interest” would be given up.
Nazi
Soviet
German forces German forces swept in from the swept in from the west and drove the west and drove the Polish military backPolish military back
The Germans and The Germans and the Russians had a the Russians had a secret agreement secret agreement at the time.at the time.
Major Reason for Polish Major Reason for Polish DefeatDefeat
The Battle of The Battle of Bzura Bzura
Poland FallsPoland Falls
September 3, Britain and France September 3, Britain and France declare war on Germanydeclare war on Germany– But can do little to stop the attack on But can do little to stop the attack on
PolandPoland
Poland falls in a matter of weeksPoland falls in a matter of weeks September 17, Germany and the Soviet September 17, Germany and the Soviet
Union divide up PolandUnion divide up Poland– The USSR also receives the “Baltic States”The USSR also receives the “Baltic States”
The Blitzkrieg The Blitzkrieg
““Lightning war”Lightning war” This was the first actions of Hitler’s This was the first actions of Hitler’s
war on Europewar on Europe By 1941, Axis forces will have made By 1941, Axis forces will have made
their way throughout Europe their way throughout Europe
Complete Guided Reading 16.1Complete Guided Reading 16.1
SummarySummary
What were the characteristics of What were the characteristics of Hitler’s “Lightning war”?Hitler’s “Lightning war”?– How did he fight it?How did he fight it?
– Fast, violentFast, violentOVERWHELMING FORCES!!OVERWHELMING FORCES!!
Drill 4/15Drill 4/15
Why did Poland fall so easily to Why did Poland fall so easily to German forces?German forces?
Germany had superior tactics and Germany had superior tactics and weaponsweapons
Aided by the Soviets in the eastAided by the Soviets in the east
ObjectiveObjective
Students will be able to identify the Students will be able to identify the causes for the fall of France during causes for the fall of France during Hitler’s advanceHitler’s advance
World War IIWorld War II
The Blitz: The Fall of FranceThe Blitz: The Fall of France
The Phony WarThe Phony War
A period of quiet in Europe after the A period of quiet in Europe after the fall of Polandfall of Poland– Prior to Germany’s invasions of Prior to Germany’s invasions of
Denmark and NorwayDenmark and Norway France and Germany fortified their France and Germany fortified their
borders in preparation for an attackborders in preparation for an attack
The Maginot LineThe Maginot Line
Heavily fortified Heavily fortified static defensive static defensive lineline
Reminiscent of Reminiscent of World War I World War I thinkingthinking
The Maginot LineThe Maginot Line
Fortified “trench-like” defensive lineFortified “trench-like” defensive line
Pictured here is a Pictured here is a
machine-gun nestmachine-gun nest
known as a known as a clochecloche
The Maginot line The Maginot line
Avoid a surprise attackAvoid a surprise attack
Give time for the main army to be Give time for the main army to be mobilized behind itmobilized behind it
Dissuade a direct assaultDissuade a direct assault– Force the Germans to go up through Force the Germans to go up through
BelgiumBelgium
The Line failsThe Line fails
May 1940May 1940 Germany set up a decoy army Germany set up a decoy army
directly opposite the linedirectly opposite the line– Sent a second army to the north to Sent a second army to the north to
battle the French forces along the battle the French forces along the border of Belgiumborder of Belgium
The French forces were outmatched The French forces were outmatched and the Germans took Belgiumand the Germans took Belgium– May 26, 1940May 26, 1940
By going through Belgium the German forces simply went around the Maginot Line
Germany storms through Germany storms through FranceFrance
June 10, 1940June 10, 1940– Mussolini (Italy) officially joins the Mussolini (Italy) officially joins the
German side of the warGerman side of the war– Declares war on France and Britain and Declares war on France and Britain and
invades Southern Franceinvades Southern France June 14June 14
– Paris Falls to German forcesParis Falls to German forces June 20June 20
– France surrenders to GermanyFrance surrenders to Germany
BlameBlame
Why does the Maginot Line get the Why does the Maginot Line get the blame for the fall of France?blame for the fall of France?
It DID force Germany to go through It DID force Germany to go through Belgium, what it was designed to do.Belgium, what it was designed to do.
On the back of your Blitzkrieg paper On the back of your Blitzkrieg paper from yesterday answer the following from yesterday answer the following questionquestion
Is the Maginot line itself the reason Is the Maginot line itself the reason for France’s defeat? Does it deserve for France’s defeat? Does it deserve to be called one of history’s “greatest to be called one of history’s “greatest military mistakes”?military mistakes”?
France fights backFrance fights back
Hitler divided France in halfHitler divided France in half– Northern France was “Occupied” FranceNorthern France was “Occupied” France– The Southern was “Unoccupied” FranceThe Southern was “Unoccupied” France
The Southern half was controlled by The Southern half was controlled by a “puppet government” based in the a “puppet government” based in the French town of Vichy French town of Vichy
SummarySummary
Why does Hitler create the puppet Why does Hitler create the puppet government?government?
Why not just take over France like Why not just take over France like any other country?any other country?
Drill 4/16Drill 4/16
What is a “puppet government”?What is a “puppet government”?– A government that appears to be A government that appears to be
independent but is really being controlled independent but is really being controlled by someone else or another government in by someone else or another government in another locationanother location
– The Puppet Government in France was The Puppet Government in France was based in the city of Vichy (The Vichy Gov’t)based in the city of Vichy (The Vichy Gov’t)
Why did Hitler set up the puppet Why did Hitler set up the puppet government and divide France in half?government and divide France in half?
World War IIWorld War II
The Blitz: The Battle of BritainThe Blitz: The Battle of Britain
ObjectiveObjective
Students will be able to compare and Students will be able to compare and contrast Hitler’s early victories with contrast Hitler’s early victories with his defeats in Britain and the Soviet his defeats in Britain and the Soviet Union Union
Operation Sea-LionOperation Sea-Lion
The plan:The plan: Bomb key cities in EnglandBomb key cities in England
– Cutting off supply routesCutting off supply routes– Crushing overall moraleCrushing overall morale
Then land roughly 250,000 soldiers Then land roughly 250,000 soldiers on England’s southern coaston England’s southern coast
This holds true to Hitler’s doctrine of This holds true to Hitler’s doctrine of overwhelming forcesoverwhelming forces
September 1940September 1940
German Luftwaffe (air force) begins German Luftwaffe (air force) begins bombing British citiesbombing British cities– At first the Germans focused on Royal At first the Germans focused on Royal
Air Force (RAF) hangars and basesAir Force (RAF) hangars and bases– They would soon move onto major citiesThey would soon move onto major cities– Especially LondonEspecially London
The Luftwaffe The Luftwaffe severelyseverely outnumbered the RAF outnumbered the RAF– Roughly 2,900 RAF planes vs 4,500 LuftwaffeRoughly 2,900 RAF planes vs 4,500 Luftwaffe
There were daily bombing raidsThere were daily bombing raids Fires and explosions on the streets of London Fires and explosions on the streets of London
as the British try to go on with their daily as the British try to go on with their daily liveslives
The British Stand Tall The British Stand Tall The British people adapt and refuse to The British people adapt and refuse to
give upgive up The RAF has two key inventions that The RAF has two key inventions that
help them survivehelp them survive– RADARRADAR
Developed in the late 30’sDeveloped in the late 30’s Used as an advance warning system to track Used as an advance warning system to track
planes in the airplanes in the air
– EnigmaEnigma A codebreaking device. The British were now A codebreaking device. The British were now
able to decipher secret German transmissionsable to decipher secret German transmissions
The Battle of BritainThe Battle of Britain
In October Hitler switches to night In October Hitler switches to night bombings of Englandbombings of England
The British refuse to give upThe British refuse to give up
The bombings would not stop until MAY The bombings would not stop until MAY 10, 194110, 1941– Hitler decides that Britain can waitHitler decides that Britain can wait– It is costing too much money and taking too It is costing too much money and taking too
much timemuch time– He turns his attentions eastHe turns his attentions east
ResultsResults
For the better part of EIGHT MONTHS For the better part of EIGHT MONTHS Britain endured nearly constant Britain endured nearly constant bombingbombing– 27,450 civilian deaths27,450 civilian deaths– Over 30 thousand woundedOver 30 thousand wounded
Hitler would then fail in his attempt Hitler would then fail in his attempt to invade the Soviet Union to invade the Soviet Union
Using your bookUsing your book Read about Hitler’s failure in the Soviet Union Read about Hitler’s failure in the Soviet Union
(pgs 445-446)(pgs 445-446)
Answer the following question:Answer the following question:– What factors allowed Leningrad and Great Britain What factors allowed Leningrad and Great Britain
to fight off German attacks while earlier cities and to fight off German attacks while earlier cities and countries fell?countries fell? Consider these points in your answer:Consider these points in your answer: The country’s ability to fightThe country’s ability to fight The costs of resistingThe costs of resisting The costs of surrenderingThe costs of surrendering
I will collect this response and the Guided I will collect this response and the Guided Reading for 16.1 at the end of classReading for 16.1 at the end of class
SummarySummary
What was the Atlantic Charter?What was the Atlantic Charter?
How did it get the USA involved in How did it get the USA involved in the war prior to Pearl Harbor?the war prior to Pearl Harbor?
Drill 4/17Drill 4/17
What is the Atlantic Charter?What is the Atlantic Charter?
A declaration of principles between A declaration of principles between the US and UK.the US and UK.
ObjectiveObjective
Students will identify the reasons for Students will identify the reasons for US involvement in World War IIUS involvement in World War II
The United States and WWIIThe United States and WWII
Officially the US is neutralOfficially the US is neutral– The Neutrality Acts of 1938,’39The Neutrality Acts of 1938,’39
Upper levels of government are Upper levels of government are growing more worried about the growing more worried about the situation in Europesituation in Europe
The Atlantic CharterThe Atlantic Charter No territorial gains were to be No territorial gains were to be sought by the United States or sought by the United States or the United Kingdom. the United Kingdom.
Territorial adjustments must be Territorial adjustments must be in accord with the wishes of the in accord with the wishes of the peoples concerned.peoples concerned.
All peoples had a right to self-All peoples had a right to self-determination. determination.
Trade barriers were to be Trade barriers were to be lowered. lowered.
There was to be global There was to be global economic cooperation and economic cooperation and advancement of social welfare. advancement of social welfare.
Freedom from want and fear;Freedom from want and fear;
Freedom of the seas; Freedom of the seas;
Disarmament of aggressor Disarmament of aggressor nations, postwar common nations, postwar common disarmament disarmament
AUGUST 14, 1941
International ReactionInternational Reaction
UKUK– Loved the plan, sorry that the US was not getting Loved the plan, sorry that the US was not getting
involved in the warinvolved in the war USUS
– Loved the planLoved the plan– Worried that this would lead us INTO warWorried that this would lead us INTO war
Germany and JapanGermany and Japan– Took the agreement as basically a declaration of Took the agreement as basically a declaration of
alliance against themalliance against them– In Japan this would be used an excuse for In Japan this would be used an excuse for
increased hostilities for towards the United increased hostilities for towards the United StatesStates
US + Japan RelationsUS + Japan Relations
Japan had increasingly become an Japan had increasingly become an imperial forceimperial force– The invasion of Manchuria in 1931The invasion of Manchuria in 1931
This made relations between the This made relations between the countries rather tensecountries rather tense
Japan + US RelationsJapan + US Relations
As Japan allied itself with Germany that As Japan allied itself with Germany that made things worsemade things worse
Japan’s islands have few natural Japan’s islands have few natural resourcesresources– i.e. Oili.e. Oil– They would need to expand to get these They would need to expand to get these
goods or receive them from another sourcegoods or receive them from another source– For a time that was the USFor a time that was the US
Japan + US RelationsJapan + US Relations
As the war went on As the war went on Japan began to Japan began to move into the move into the European colonies European colonies of Southeast Asiaof Southeast Asia
Japanese officials Japanese officials called this area the called this area the “Southern “Southern Resource Zone”Resource Zone”
The US ReactsThe US Reacts
The United states reacted by cutting The United states reacted by cutting off all oil imports to Japanoff all oil imports to Japan
Japanese officials realized at the rate Japanese officials realized at the rate of consumption they would only have of consumption they would only have enough reserves for another two enough reserves for another two yearsyears
Japan ReactsJapan Reacts
December 7, 1941December 7, 1941
The Attack on Pearl HarborThe Attack on Pearl Harbor
Was not designed to begin a long, Was not designed to begin a long, protracted conflictprotracted conflict
It was intended to be one, swift, crushing It was intended to be one, swift, crushing blow to the US pacific fleetblow to the US pacific fleet– Take out the fleet then Japan can roll through Take out the fleet then Japan can roll through
Asia without too much resistanceAsia without too much resistance
Japan delivered an official declaration of Japan delivered an official declaration of war later that afternoonwar later that afternoon– The United States would declare war on Japan The United States would declare war on Japan
the next day the next day
Classwork/ HomeworkClasswork/ Homework
Complete Guided Reading 16.2 Complete Guided Reading 16.2 – Parts a+b Parts a+b – It will be collected on MondayIt will be collected on Monday
– Next week we will look at the war in the Next week we will look at the war in the pacific and how the United States turns pacific and how the United States turns the tide of the conflictthe tide of the conflict
