Transcript
Page 1: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

1

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Chapter Three:Chapter Three:

The Rhetorical Shaping of

Gender: Women’s Movements

in America

gendered lives

Page 2: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

““The truth is that none of us The truth is that none of us can be liberated if other can be liberated if other

groups are not.”groups are not.”

~ Gloria Steinem~ Gloria Steinem

Copyright © 2004 Wadsworth

Page 3: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

3

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Rhetoric is PersuasionRhetoric is Persuasion

• Persuade People to Change

Attitudes

Policies

Laws

Page 4: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

4

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Women’s Rhetorical Women’s Rhetorical Movement IdeologiesMovement Ideologies

• Liberal Feminism

Women and Men Mostly Alike

Women and Men Should Have Equal Rights,

Roles, Opportunities

Page 5: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

5

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Women’s Rhetorical Women’s Rhetorical Movement IdeologiesMovement Ideologies

• Cultural Feminism

Women and Men Essentially Different

Women and Men Should Have Different Rights,

Roles, Opportunities

Page 6: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

6

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Lib

rary

of

Con

gre

ss, Pri

nts

an

d P

hoto

gra

ph

s D

ivis

ion

17761776 “In the new code

of laws, remember the ladies and do not put such unlimited power into the hands of the husbands.”

-Abigail Adams

Page 7: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

7

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Women’s Rights MovementWomen’s Rights MovementFirst Wave - 1840-1925First Wave - 1840-1925

• Lucretia Mott at World Anti-Slavery

Convention 1840

• Seneca Falls Convention 1848

Lib

rary

of

Con

gre

ss, Pri

nts

an

d P

hoto

gra

ph

s D

ivis

ion

Lucretia Mott

Page 8: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

8

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Seneca Falls Convention, 1848Seneca Falls Convention, 1848

PB

S, N

ot

for

Ou

rselv

es

Alo

ne

Page 9: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

9

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Women’s Rights MovementWomen’s Rights MovementFirst Wave - 1840-1925First Wave - 1840-1925

• Cult of Domesticity - Women More…

Moral

Nurturing

Concerned About Others

Committed to Harmony

Page 10: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

10

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Sojourner Truth 1851Sojourner Truth 1851

“Ain’t I a Woman?”

pointed out the ways in which white women’s situations and oppressions were different from those of black women.

Cour

tesy

of T

he G

ene r

al L

ibra

r ies,

The

Uni

ver s

ity o

f Tex

as a

t Aus

tin

Cour

tesy

of T

he G

ener

al L

ibra

ries,

The

Uni

vers

ity o

f Tex

as a

t Aus

tin

Page 11: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

1920 – Women Receive the 1920 – Women Receive the Right to VoteRight to Vote

PB

S, N

ot

for

Ou

rselv

es

Alo

ne

Page 12: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

12

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Women’s Rights Movement Women’s Rights Movement 1925-19601925-1960

• The Women’s Movements remained dormant

Attention Focused on the Depression, WWII, and

America’s World Dominance.

Women’s Place in Domestic Sphere had not been

Disputed Successfully

Page 13: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

13

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Women’s Rights MovementWomen’s Rights MovementSecond Wave - 1960-1995Second Wave - 1960-1995

• Radical Feminism Grew Out of New

Left Politics

Sexism in Radical Organizations

Rap and Consciousness-Raising Groups

• Liberal Feminism Liberal Feminism is Embodied in NOWhttp://www.now.org

Liberal Feminism is Embodied in NOWhttp://www.now.org

Page 14: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

14

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Liberal FeminismLiberal Feminism

Persuasive Rhetoric

Ran

dom

Hou

se

White middle-classwives resonatedthe message of the discontent theyfelt so guilty aboutthat they remainedsilent.

Page 15: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

15

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Liberal Feminism is Embodied Liberal Feminism is Embodied in NOWin NOW ((National Organization for Women)National Organization for Women)

Since 1966 Now has contributed to:• The 1963 Equal Pay Act• The Civil Rights Act being amended to include sex

discrimination• Supporting federally financed child-care• Documenting sexism in children’s books• Stimulating reforms in credit and banking practices that

disadvantage women• Supporting Title IX which prevents discrimination in sports• In 1971 forming the National Women’s Political Caucus to

seek elective and appointed office

Since 1966 Now has contributed to:• The 1963 Equal Pay Act• The Civil Rights Act being amended to include sex

discrimination• Supporting federally financed child-care• Documenting sexism in children’s books• Stimulating reforms in credit and banking practices that

disadvantage women• Supporting Title IX which prevents discrimination in sports• In 1971 forming the National Women’s Political Caucus to

seek elective and appointed office

Page 16: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

16

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Women’s Rights MovementWomen’s Rights MovementSecond Wave - 1960-1995Second Wave - 1960-1995

• Separatism

• Lesbian Feminism

• Revalorism

• Ecofeminism

• Womanism

• Multiracial Feminism

• Power Feminism

Page 17: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

Separatist FeminismSeparatist Feminism

Women are fundamentally different from men in the value they place on life, equality, harmony, nurturance, and peace.

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Page 18: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

Lesbian FeminismLesbian Feminism

Only women who do not orient their lives around men can be truly free.

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Page 19: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

Revalorists FeminismRevalorists Feminism

Aimed to increase society’s appreciation of women and their contributions to society.

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Page 20: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

EcofeminismEcofeminism

Highlights the connection between efforts to control and subordinate women and the quest to dominate nature - Mother Earth.

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Page 21: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

21

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

WomanismWomanism

African American women, including author Alice Walker, define women from a viewpoint that embodies their racial and gender identities.

Cour

tesy

of T

he G

ener

al L

ibra

ries,

The

Uni

vers

ity o

f Tex

as a

t Aus

tin

Page 22: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

Multiracial FeminismMultiracial Feminism

Movement that emphasizes multiple systems of domination that affect the lives of women and men.

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Page 23: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

23

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Power FeminismPower Feminism

Society doesn’t oppress

women because women

have the power to control

what happens to them.

Royce

Carl

ton

, In

c.

--Naomi WolfFire with Fire, 1993

Page 24: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

24

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Women’s Rights MovementWomen’s Rights MovementThird Wave - 1995-PresentThird Wave - 1995-Present

• Remaking Solidarity to Incorporate

Differences Among Women

• Building Coalitions

• Integrating Theory Into Everyday Practices

• The Political is Personal

• Celebrating Girl Culture

Page 25: Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Three: The Rhetorical Shaping of Gender: Women’s Movements in America

25

Chapter Three: Women’s Movements in America

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

gendered lives


Top Related