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Medieval Studies, 200CSpring Quarter 20159 May 2015 versionThursdays, 7:00+, HSSB 4020Edward D. English Office Hours by appointment, HSSB [email protected]

This part of the course will cover how the Middle Ages and medievalism have interacted and been portrayed in film. We will ask the question whether and how these films might influence our views of the past and just how much we know or think we know about the Middle Ages from the movies and popular culture. We will view as many as five films in class and discuss them. Remember you are required to write an essay of 12-15 pages with scholarly apparatus by the end of this quarter of the course. They can be on any aspect of our topics and discussions but you let the instructor know of your choice. If you choose to do the film quarter, you will have a choice of a movie and its topic. It could be one we view in class or not. The films we will study may include: The Advocate, The Sorceress, The Messenger, El Cid, The Decameron, The Kingdom of Heaven, The Seventh Seal, The Anchoress, and The Return of Martin Guerre. This will be decided at the first meeting on 2 April 2015.We will watch one film in each of our five meetings and discuss it the next time we meet. There will be a list of three or four readings for each film and often a supplementary one posted on my web site. Additional readings will be posted on my web site on the history department site and are marked in the syllabus by PDF: http://www.history.ucsb.edu/courses/course.php?course_id=1582. If you find an article marked by you would like to read on the supplementary lists and those below and marked by PDF, please let me know and I can forward you a copy.

Some Recommended Text Books

John Aberth. A Knight at the Movies: Medieval History on Film. New York: Routledge, 2003.

Laurie A. Finke and Martin B. Shichtman. Cinematic Illuminations: The Middle Ages on Film. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010.

Nickolas Haydock. Movie Medievalism: The Imaginary Middle Ages. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2008.

General and Supplementary Readings

John H. Arnold. What is Medieval History? Cambridge: Polity Press, 2008.

Marcus Bull. Thinking Medieval: An Introduction to the Study of the Middle Ages. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

Nickolas Haydock and E. L Risden, eds. Hollywood in the Holy Land: essays on Film Depictions of the Crusades and Christian-Muslim Clashes. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2009; note especially the introduction by Haydock and the epilogue by Risden PDF.

Medievalism and Film

Stuart Airlie, Strange Eventful Histories: The Middle Ages in the Cinema in The Medieval World. Eds. Peter Linehan and Janet L Nelson. New York: Routledge, 2001, pp. 163-83. PDF

Greta Austin, Were the Peasants Really So Clean? The Middle Ages in Film, Film History, 14:2 (2002), 136-41. PDF

Anke Bernau and Bettina Bildhauer, eds. Medieval Film. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009.

Kathleen Biddick. The Shock of Medievalism. Durham: Duke University Press, 1998.

Richard Burt. Medieval and Early Modern Film and Media. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

Richard Burt, Getting Schmedieval: Of Manuscript and Film Prologues, Paratext, and Paradies, Exemplaria, 19:2 (Summer, 2007), 217-42. PDF

Richard Burt, Re-Embroidering the Bayeux Tapestry in Film and Media: The Flip Side of History in Opening and End Title Sequences, Exemplaria, 19:2 (Summer, 2007), 327-50. PDF

Martha Driver and Sid Ray, eds. The Medieval Hero on Screen: Representations from Beowulf to Buffy. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2004.

Martha Driver, Writing about Medieval Movies: Authenticity and History, Film and History, 29:1/2 (1999), 5-7. PDF

Martha Driver, Teaching the Middle Ages on Film: Visual Narrative and the Historical Record, History Compass, 5:1 (2007), 259-74. PDF

Martha Driver, Teaching and Learning Guide for: Teaching the Middle Ages on Film: Visual Narrative and the Historical Record, History Compass, 6:3 (2008), 1000-1009. PDF

Andrew B. R. Elliott, Remaking the Middle Ages: The Methods of Cinema and History in Portraying the Medieval World. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2011.

Alison Ganze, ed. Postscript to the Middle Ages: Teaching Medieval Studies through The Name of the Rose. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2009.

John M. Ganim, Framing the West, Staging the East: Set Design, Location and Landscape in Movie Medievalism in Haydock and Risden, eds. Hollywood in the Holy Land, pp. 31-46. PDF

Kevin J. Hardy. The Reel Middle Ages: American, Western and Eastern European, Middle Eastern and Asian Films about Medieval Europe. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., 1999.

Kevin J. Hardy, ed. The Vikings on Film: Essays on Depictions of the Nordic Middle Ages. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2011.

Nickolas Haydock, Introduction: The Unseen Cross upon the Breast: Medievalism, Orientalism and Discontent in Haydock and Risden, eds. Hollywood in the Holy Land, pp. 1-30. PDF

David Herlihy. Am I a Camera? Other Reflections on Films and History, The American Historical Review, 93:5 (December, 1988), 1186-92. PDF

Marnie Hughes-Warrington. History Goes to the Movies: Studying History on Film. New York: Routledge, 2007.

Scott Alan Metzger, Pedagogy and the Historical Feature Film: Toward Historical Literacy, Film & History, 37:2 (2008), 67-75. PDF

John OConnor, history in Images/Images in History: Reflections on the Importance of Film and Television Study for an Understanding of the Past, The American Historical Review, 93:5 (December, 1988), 1200-1209. PDF

William D. Paden, I Learned at the Movies: Teaching Medieval Film, Studies in Medievalisms, 13 (2004), 79-98. PDF

Tison Pugh and Angela Jane Weisl, eds. Medivalisms: Making the Past in the Present. New York: Routledge, 2013.

Lynn T. Ramey and Tison Pugh, eds. Race, Class, and Gender in Medieval Cinema. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007; especially Introduction: Filming the Other Middle Ages, pp. 1-12. PDF

Robert A. Rosenstone, History in Images/History in Words: Reflections on the Possibility of Really Putting History onto Film, The American Historical Review, 93:5 (December, 1988), 1173-85. PDF

Tom Shippey with Martin Arnold, eds. Film and Fiction: Reviewing the Middle Ages. Studies in Medievalism, 12. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2002.

Note also Professor Teo Ruiz of UCLA on movies and history:http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2008/0812/0812fil2.cfm

Robert Brent Toplin, The Filmmaker as Historian, The American Historical Review, 93:5 (December, 1988), 1210-27. PDF

David Williams, Medieval Movies, Yearbook of English Studies, 20 (1990), 1-33. PDF

David John Williams, Looking at the Middle Ages in the Cinema: An Overview, Film and History, 29:1/2 (1999), 8-19. PDF

Recommended Medieval Films:Some more than others.The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938).Alexander Nevsky (1937). The Anchoress (1993).Andrei Rublev (1966).The Black Death (2010).The Black Rose (1950).Braveheart (1995). This one would be difficult to write about.Brother Sun/Sister Moon (Zefferelli). If you can handle the music by DonovanThe Crusades (1935).The Decameron (Pasolini) (1971).El Cid (1961).Excalibur (1981). If you are familiar with Arthurian material Malory.First Knight (1995). Sort of Arthurian.Gawain and the Green Knight (1973).Henry V (1989).Henry V (1944). (Larry Olivier)Ironclad (2011).A Knights Tale (2001). If you like music by Queen. Lancelot du Lac (1974) (Luc Bresson). Again Arthurian.Magnificat (1993).The Name of the Rose. (1986). Especially if you like Umberto Eco.The Navigator (1988).Passion of Joan of Arc (1928).Pope Joan (1972). Extra credit if you can find it.The Reckoning (2006). Richard III (Larry Olivier).Romeo and Juliet (1968) (Zeffirelli).Robin and Marian (1976) (Richard Lester).The Saga of the Viking Women and Their Voyage to the waters of the Great Sea Serpent (1957) (Roger Corman).Saladin (1963).The Secret of Kells (2009).Stealing Heaven (1988). Bad version of relationship between Heloise and Abelard.The 13th Warrior (1999).Tristan and Isolde (2006). If you know the medieval story.The Vikings (1958).The Virgin Spring (1960).Vision (2010).The War Lord (1965).Several possibilities from among the movies of Akira Kurosawa.Suggestions for analyzing and writing essays on films on the Middle Ages:Does the film have any relevance to contemporary life or modernity?

Do you understand the Middle Ages better after seeing a particular film with its own requirements as an art form??

For some movies do they have any links with a particular text?

How does its aspect as a visual media interact with its medieval story or setting? Filmmakers versus historians?

What can film help us to know about the past or medieval people that we might not have known before?

Is there a political, commercial, or another modern agenda informing a movie about the Middle Ages?

How might that add or detract from its subject matter? Or change its subject matter? Does it tell you what historians actually do?

How does the film reflect historical reality or visual history? As a popular or romantic or tactile communicator of history?

Which is more important or valuable, authenticity or accuracy? Does it look authentic to you? Standards of hygiene or dental care?

What do we mean by authenticity or accuracy in different media?

What are the limitations of a particular film in representing the past? Be specific. How do people talk in these movies?

What are some new ways in which film creates immediacy or a sense of participation in the past? Be specific.

Can you gain any insight from watching and analyzing a movie into what the past means to us? Or does it mystify you?

9 April 2015: viewing of The Advocate

Readings for next class meting and based on The Advocate.

Topics for discussion or an essay: animal trials, bestiality, Gypsies, anti-Judaism, the legal system, rights of lords over peasants, village life, Gilles de Raiss life and trail.

Georges Bataille. The Trial of Gilles de Rais. Transl. Richard Robinson. Los Angeles: AMOK Books, 1991 [1965].

Piers Beirnes, The Law is an Ass: Reading E. P. Evans The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals, Society and Animals, 2:1 (1994), 27-46. PDF

Alan Boureau. The Lords First Night: The Myth of the Droit de Cuissage. Transl. Lydia G. Cochrane. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1998 [1995].

Esther Cohen. Law Folklore, and Animal Lore, Past and Present, 110 (February, 1986), 6-37. PDF

Peter Dinzelbacher, Animal Trials: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 32:3 (Winter, 2002), 405-421. PDF

Jody Enders. The Medieval Theater of Cruelty: Rhetoric, Memory and Violence. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002.

Jody Enders, Death by Drama in Death by Drama and other Medieval Legends. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2002, pp. 182-95, 286-89. PDF

E. P. Evans. The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals. New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, 1906 [rpt. 1998, 2009].

Paul Friedland, Beyond Deterrence: Cadavers, Effigies, Animals and the Logic of Executions in Premodern France, Historical Reflections/Reflexions historiques, 29:2 (2003), 295-317. PDF

Jen Girgen, The Historical and Contemporary Prosecution and Punishment of Animals, Animal Law, (May, 2003), 97-133. PDF

Nicholas Humphrey, Bugs and Beasts before the Law in The Mind Made Flesh: Essays from the Frontiers of Psychology and Evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002, pp. 235-54. PDF

23 April 2015: Viewing of The Seventh Seal

Readings for 30 April 2015

Aberth, Knight at the Movies, Welcome to the Apocalypse, pp. 197-255, 312-13.

Jonathan Baldo, Narrative Foiled in Bergmans The Seventh Seal, Theatre Journal, 39:3 (October, 1987), 364-82. PDF

Finke and Shichtman, Cinematic Illuminations, Apocalyptic Medievalism: Rape and Disease as Figures of Social Anomie, pp. 288-334, 399-403. PDF

Haydock, Movie Medievalism, pp. 40-46. PDF

Denise Ming-yueh Wang, Ingmar Bergmans Appropriations of the Images of Death in The Seventh Seal, (2009), 41-62. PDF

Paden, The Monks Sermon. PDF

Stinson Preparing for Death. PDF

30 April 2015: Viewing of The DecameronDiscussion of The Seventh Seal

7 May 2015: Viewing of The MessengerDiscussion of The Decameron

Readings for Discussion of The Decameron:

Jill M. Ricketts. Visualizing Boccaccio: Studies on Illustrations of The Decameron, from Giotto to Pasolini. Cambridge: Cambridge University press, 1997, pp. 1-11, 90-164, 165- 175-94.

15 May 2015 Viewing of second part of and Discussion of The Messenger

Readings for The Messenger:

Topics for possible discussion or an essay: Joan and warfare, virginity, transvestism, legal proceedings, her feminism, her representation as traditional, as a violent warrior and saint, relationships with men captains and soldiers, concepts of sainthood, her responses to accusation, her rehabilitation, her modern reputation, how to portray her in a film, and her adoption by the French right wing political movements. Basic readings and posted on web site:

Readings

Aberth, Movies and the Maid: Joan of Arc Films in A Knight at the Movies, pp. 257-98, 313-14. PDF

Finke and Shichtman, The Politics of Hagiography: Joan of Arc on the Screen in Cinematic Illuminations, pp. 109-155, 378-85. PDF

Haydock, Shooting the Messenger: Luc Besson at War with Joan of Arc in Movie Medievalism, pp. 111-33, 213-16. PDF

At least two of these from a general Bibliography on Joan:

Edward Benson, Oh, What a Lovely War! Joan of Arc on Screen in The Medieval Hero on Screen: Representations from Beowulf to Buffy. Eds. Martha W. Driver and Sid Ray. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2004, pp. 217-36. PDF

Anke Bernau, Girls on Film: Medieval Virginity in the Cinema in The Medieval Hero on Screen: Representations from Beowulf to Buffy. Eds. Martha W. Driver and Sid Ray. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2004, pp. 94-114. PDF

Robin Blaetz. Visions of the Maid: Joan of Arc in American Film and Culture. London: University of Virginia Press, 2001.

Susan Crane, Clothing and Gender Definitions: Joan of Arc, Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, 26:2 (Spring, 1996), 298-320. PDF

Kelly DeVries. Joan of Arc: A Military Leader. Thrupp, Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing Limited, 1999.

Deborah A. Fraioli. Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2005.

Mary Gordon. Joan of Arc. New York: Penguin, 2000, especially Saint Joan, pp. 166-73. PDF

Kevin J. Hardy, Jeanne au Cinma in Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc. Eds. Bonnie Wheeler and Charles T. Wood. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1996, pp. 237-64. PDF

Susan Hayward, Performance, Camp, and Queering History in Luc Bessons Jeanne dArc in Queering Movie Medievalisms. Eds. Kathleen Coyne Kelly and Tison Pugh. Farham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2009, pp. 129-46.

Daniel Hobbins, transl. The Trial of Joan of Arc. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005.

Henry Ansgar Kelly, Joan of Arcs Last Trial: The Attack of the Devils Advocates in Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc. Eds. Bonnie Wheeler and Charles T. Wood. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1996, pp. 205-236. PDF

Nadia Margolis, The `Joan Phenomenon and the French Right in Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc. Eds. Bonnie Wheeler and Charles T. Wood. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1996, pp. 265-87. PDF

Nadia Margolis. Joan of Arc in History, Literature, and Film: A Select Annotated Bibliography. New York: Garland, 1990.

Gwendolyn Morgan, Modern Mystics, Medieval Saints, Studies in Medievalism, 12 (2002), 39-54.

Rgine Pernoud. The Retrial of Joan of Arc: The Evidence for Her Vindication. Transl. J. M. Cohen. San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1955.

George Bernard Shaw. Saint Joan: A Chronicle Play in Six Scenes and an Epilogue. Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1951 [1924].

Karen Sullivan. The Interrogation of Joan of Arc. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999.

Craig Taylor, transl. and annotated. Joan of Arc: La Pucelle. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2006.

Larissa Juliet Taylor. The Virgin Warrior: The Life and Death of Joan of Arc. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.

Matthieu Chan Tsin, Teaching Knighthood and the Late Medieval Battlefield using the Knights of The Messenger, The Once and Future Classroom, 7:1 (Spring, 2009): http://www.teamsmedieval.org/ofc/F09/messenger.php

Marina Warner. Joan of Arc: The Image of Female Heroism. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1981, especially Saint or Patriot?, pp. 255-75, 326-33. PDF

Bonnie Wheeler and Charles T. Wood, eds. Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1996.

Commercialization: Joan of Arc goat cheese

Readings for The Kingdom of Heaven

The Kingdom of Heaven

You might find a link to Salladin the Victorious, directed by Youssef Chahine (1963), but most versions seem blocked for copyright.

You should watch the directors cut version of The Kingdom of Heaven!

Basic Readings:

Aberth, God (and the Studio) Wills It in Knight at the Movies, pp. 63-146.

Finke and Shichtman, War of the Cross or Gods Own Bloodbath? in Cinematic Illuminations, pp. 195-241, 389-95. PDF

Haydock, Theaters of War: Paracinematic Returns to the Kingdom of Heaven in Movie Medievalism, pp. 134-64, 216-19. PDF

Contextual Readings

Richard Burt, Cutting and (Re)Running from the (Medieval) Middle East: The Return of the Film Epic and the Uncanny Mise-hors-scnes of Kingdom of Heavens Double DVDs in Medieval and Early Modern Film and Media. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, pp. 107-36, 214-22. PDF

Peter W. Edbury. The Conquest of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade: Sources in Translation. Crusade Texts in Translation, 1. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 1998.

Ronnie Ellenblum. Crusader Castles and Modern Histories. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007; especially Part I: National Discourse and the Study of the Crusades, pp. 1-39.

Bernard Hamilton. The Leper King and His Heirs: Baldwin IV and the the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Nickolas Haydock and E. L Risden, eds. Hollywood in the Holy Land: Essays on Film Depictions of the Crusades and Christian-Muslim Clashes. London: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2009; note especially the introduction by Haydock and the epilogue by Risden. PDF

Carole Hillenbrand. The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives. London: Routledge 2000; especially Chapter 4: Jihad in the Period from the Death of Nur al-Din until the Fall of Acre (569/690/1174-1291), pp. 171-255.

Norman Housley. Contesting the Crusades. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.

Benjamin Z. Kedar, ed. The Horns of an (Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East, Jerusalem and Haifa, 2-6 July 1987). Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi, Israel Exploration Society; London: Variorum, 1992, see especially Benjamin Z. Kedar, The Battle of an Revisited, pp. 190-207. PDF

Benjamin Z. Kedar, H. E. Mayer, R. C. Smail, eds. Outremer: Studies in the History of the Crusading Kingdom of Jerusalem Presented to Joshua Prawer. Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1982; especially the articles by Smail on Guy of Lusignan and Kedar on the Patriarch Eraclius. PDF

Arthur Lindley. Once, Present, and Future Kings: Kingdom of Heaven and the Multitemporality of Medieval Film in Race, Class, and Gender in `Medieval Cinema. Eds. Lynn T. Ramey and Tison Pugh. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, pp. 15-29. PDF

Malcolm Cameron Lyons and D. E. P. Jackson. Saladin: the Politics of Holy War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

Amin Maalouf. The Crusades through Arab Eyes. Transl. Jon Rothschild. New York: Schocken Books, 1984.

See the articles published in the National Review On Line by Thomas F. Madden at: http://www.nationalreview.com/author/211192 but especially On Ward PC Soldiers at http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/214554/onward-pc-soldiers/thomas-f-madden. He has more articles referenced at http://www.crusades-encyclopedia.com/thomasmadden.html. He has also published general works on the Crusades and particular studies on the Fourth Crusade.

Hannes Mhring. Saladin: The Sultan and His Times, 1138-1193. Transl. David S. Bachrach. Baltimore: the Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008 [2005].

Helen J. Nicholson. The Chronicle of the Third Crusade: The Itinerarium peregrinorum et gesta Regis Ricardi. Crusade Texts in Translation, 3. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 1997.

Jonathan Riley-Smith. The Crusades, Christianity, and Islam. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008; among several other standard works on the Crusades by this author.

See Jonathan Riley-Smiths comments on the Kingdom of Heaven at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/1452000/Ridley-Scotts-new-Crusades-film-panders-to-Osama-bin-Laden.html.

See the Wikipedia article on Kingdom of Heaven for more references to reviews in the notes at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Heaven_(film)#Extended_director.27s_cut.

D. S. Richards, transl. The Rare and Excellent History of Saladin or al-Nawdir al-Sultniyya wa`l-Mahsin al-Ysufiyya by Bah al-Din Ibn Shaddd. Crusade Texts in Translation, 7. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2002.

Sylvia Schein, `The Terrible News: The Reaction of Christendom to the Fall of Jerusalem (1187) in Gateway to the Heavenly City: Crusader Jerusalem and the Catholic West (1099-1187). Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2005, pp. 159-87. PDF

Christopher Tyerman. The Debate on the Crusades. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2011.

William of Tyre, Archbishop of Tyre, ca. 1130-ca. 1190. A History of Deeds Done beyond the Sea. 2 vols. Transl. Emily Atwater Babcock and A. C. Krey. New York: Columbia University Press, 1943; especially II.397-509.

For a blog about the film see: http://jrc-1138.blogspot.com/2008/04/kingdom-of-heaven-definitive-edition.html


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