does your device deliver the high speed data throughput promise of lte

Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies

2011 Greater insight.

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Does your device deliver the high-speed data throughput promise of LTE?



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Introducing

Data Throughput

Testing

with the

Agilent PXT

(E6621A)

Wireless Communications

Test Set for LTE



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Agenda

• PXT overview

• Test configurations for RF, protocol and application test

• Data throughput tests

• Summary



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Wireless Technology Trends & Opportunities

Trends

• Demand for new high-speed

data-intensive applications

fuelling drive to 4G

• Multiple radio technologies in

one device -- backward

compatibility with legacy

networks to allow phased roll-

out

• Increasing complexity of wireless

technologies

• Fierce competition to get

innovative devices to market

faster

• Customers expecting more

functionality at lower cost

Opportunities

• Hit key wireless technology

windows

• Offer integrated components and

devices that support multiple

technologies

• Find new ways to get to market

faster

• Find new ways to lower costs

• Standardized interfaces to give

device manufacturers more

component choice

Agilent Response

• Actively participate on wireless

standards bodies & industry

forums

• Work with industry-leading

customers to bring new

technologies to market earlier

• Multi-format solutions that

simplify design & test of complex

devices

• Integrated design simulation and

test to reduce cost, time and risk

• Cost-effective test solutions with

scalable performance



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0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Mill

ion

s o

f un

its

Annual Handset Shipments by Technology

WiMAX

LTE

TD-SCDMA

HSDPA

WCDMA

EDGE

GPRS

GSM

cdma2000 1xEV-DO

cdma2000

CDMA

other 1G/2G

Handset Shipments by Technology

3G (W-CDMA, HSPA, cdma2000, 1xEV-DO, TD-SCDMA) handsets were about 33% of total in 2009 growing to 75% of total

in 2015.

4G (LTE, WiMAX) is forecasted to be 5% of total in 2015.

Source: Deutsche Bank, March 2010



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Flexible

Channel

Bandwidths

SPEED!

Spectral Efficiency

3-4x HSDPA (downlink)

2-3x HSUPA (uplink)

Latency

Idle active < 100 ms

Small packets < 5 ms

Downlink peak data rates

(64QAM)

Antenna

config.SISO

2x2

MIMO

4x4

MIMO

Peak data

rate Mbps100 172.8 326.4

Uplink peak data rates

(Single antenna)

Modulation QPSK16

QAM

64

QAM

Peak data

rate Mbps50 57.6 86.4

MHz

1.4

3

5

10

15

20

LTE at a glance!

Multiple Input Multiple Output

MIMOOptimized: 0–15 km/h

High performance: 15-120

km/h

Functional: 120–350 km/h

Under consideration:

350–500 km/h

Mobility

Nov 2004 LTE/SAE High level requirements

Reduced cost per bit

More lower cost services with

better user experience

Flexible use of new and existing

frequency bands

Simplified lower cost network with open

interfaces

Reduced terminal complexity and reasonable

power consumption



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Photo / Movie

Capture and share

Mobile

PaymentNews

Music

Downloads

Travel

Navigation

Net Shopping

Ringtone

Entertainment

Sports

Interactive

Gaming

E-Mail

Chat

Navigation

Position Location

Global Roaming

Mobile phone? Call, text and all this . . .

Social

Networking



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So, what happens if . . .

• You lose the connection?

• The connection speed changes?

• There’s a big delay?

• A new application runs on its own, but doesn’t run correctly

when another one is already running?

• Another process (eg voice call) interrupts a data transfer?

• Different processes happen at the same time?



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Testing the User Experience

• Expected performance

• Similar experience to home broadband (up to 20Mbps downlink, 5Mbps

uplink)

• Immediate response – no lag (especially for voice and video calling)

• Application pages formatted for device screen

• Seamless network (any application, anywhere)

• First impressions determine success

• Huge growth in smartphone segment

• Fierce competition for user acceptance

• “Poor” = churn (keep customers loyal)

• Customer will blame network operator for any problems



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“Network in a Box” development test solutions

Fully Featured LTEBest 2G/3.5G Capability

8960 (E5515C) PXT (E6621A)

Targeted solutions optimized for development phase testing

•The most comprehensive coverage of 2G, 3G &

3.5G wireless standards

•12 years of continuous enhancements... And

many more to come!

•Use the 8960 and PXT together for LTE-2G/3G handovers, or separately for

maximum asset utilization

•2G/3G to LTE handovers are best emulated as a two-box solution that can

emulate two complete cells, similar to real-world conditions

•Full R&D solution coverage (RF on a call, protocol

test, end-to-end application test)



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PXT Feature Summary

Xyz

Feature Capability

Band support I – XIV, XVII-XX

Duplexing FDD, TDD (under development)

Bandwidth 1.4*, 3*, 5, 10, 15*, 20MHz

IP Data Throughput Category 3 DL E2E IP

Spec revision Dec 08, Marc 09, July 09 , Dec 09

Tx mode SISO, Tx Div, OL MIMO, CL MIMO

Interfaces RF, analog baseband IQ, external triggering

No. of cells 2 DL MIMO LTE cells in one instrument (within channel bandwidth)*

Logging External multi-layer logging (separate product)

Fading Can be configured for either external RF or baseband IQ fading

No. of DL MIMO streams 2

RF Measurements RF Measurements as per 36.521-1, sections 6,7 (more planned)

Automation Via LAN connection using a .DLL or GPIB* using scpi strings

* Requires further testing



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Agenda

• PXT overview

• Test configurations for RF, protocol, application test


• Summary



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RF test

UE

DL

UL

Single Input Single Output (SISO)Connect the UE antenna directly to the RF1 Input / Output connector. If the UE has

receive diversity antennas, connect both to RF1 Input / Output via a power combiner.

Downlink Transmit Diversity and

Multiple Input Single Output (MISO)Connect RF1 Input / Output and RF2 Output

to the UE via a power combiner.

Downlink Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)Connect RF1 Input / Output to the UE primary receive antenna. Connect RF 2 Output

to the UE secondary receive antenna.



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Protocol test

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

RF

UE

IP RRC

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

IPRRC

RRC

• L3 scenarios scripted using Message Editor software

• Supports testing functional features

• Extendable to handover and IRAT testing

NAS

NAS NAS

Protocol Logging and Analysis

Software (N6061A)

DL

UL

Message Editor Software

(N6062A)

Script Layer 3 RRC/NAS

scenarios



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N6070A-series Signaling Conformance Test(also known as PCT)

Upper layer control is disabled in the unit, and replaced

by an API used by the TTCN-3 software

Protocol Logging and

Analysis Software

(N6061A) running on a PC

N6070A-series LTE Signaling Conformance

Test Software (TTCN3 script)

TTCN test script

TRI PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

RF

RRC

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

IPIP IP

NAS

RRC

NAS UE

DL

UL



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End-to-end application test (Ping, UDP, FTP, Video)

IP

MAC (ethernet)

PHY

IP

MAC (ethernet)

PHY

Ethernet

IP network

Application Server PC

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

RF

IP RRC

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

IPRRC IP IPRRC

RRC

Protocol Logging and Analysis

Software (N6061A)

NAS

NAS NAS

UE

DL

UL

Message Editor Software

(N6062A)

Script Layer 3 RRC/NAS

scenarios



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Protocol Logging (N6061A)

LTE protocol logging and

analysis are essential tools for

debugging interoperability

issues inevitable with evolving

radio technologies such as LTE.

Even relatively simple tests

such as UE attach can become

frustrating without the tools to

adequately debug and resolve

issues

• Real time logging and post capture analysis of all layers from L1 to NAS.

• Message filtering - sort data by protocol layer

• View detailed decodes down to bit level

• Application programming interface (API, future)



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Message Editor (N6062A)

LTE message editor is a highly flexible

tool for configurability of layer 3 messages

(RRC and NAS). It provides detailed

parameter control offering far more

flexibility than a normal one-box tester.

• Create and modify scenario files for download into the PXT

• Complete control over all settings including system, network and base station information

• Send erroneous messages to test UE responses

• Easy to use, with intuitive tree menu structure for message management

• Share scenarios during collaborative test development and for faster troubleshooting



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Agenda

• PXT overview



• Summary



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Equipment setup

Wired LAN connections Ethernet hub

E6621A PXT

License Key(s)

UE under test

Optional second

connection for

MIMO test

USB connection to client PC

Optional N6061A Protocol Logging

and Analysis Software and

N6062A Message Editor Software

Application Server PC

Optional UE client PC



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Agenda

• PXT overview



• Summary



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PXT Solutions Summary

RF measurements

• Tx power

• EVM

• Rx performance

• ACLR, OBW, SEM

• Timing error

etc

Data servers

• SMS

• Voice

• ftp

• IP Throughput

Developer tools

• Protocol Logging

• L3 message editor

eNodeB Cell Control

• Band, channel

• Downlink channel power

• System information

• RF bandwidths 1.4to 20MHz

IP Data Pipe

End-to-End

Software and Technical

Support contract providing:

•Software updates to provide new

capability as the LTE standards

continue to mature and evolve

•An enhanced technical support

model

•Annual renewal

Remote Interface

GPIB, LAN (via .dll)

Interfaces

• RF

• Analog I/Q

I-RAT Handover

• LTE to LTE

• LTE to other formats

(using 8960 and PXT)

Transmission Modes

• SISO

• OL DL MIMO (2x2)

• CL DL MIMO (2x2)

• Tx diversity

Signaling Conformance Test (aka PCT)

• Validated test cases

• Customizable protocol test

• Regression testing

http://www.ptcrb.com/index.cfm?tab=Home



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Demonstration



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Turn off Windows Firewall

You will need to turn off Windows Firewall in both application

server and client PCs to ensure communication is not blocked



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Setting IP addresses

App Server

PCPXT

Logging and

analysis PC

IP 192.168.1.230 192.168.1.60 192.168.1.135

Subnet

Mask 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0

Gateway 192.168.1.60 192.168.1.230 192.168.1.60

Setting the PXT IP

address



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Establishing the UE connection (1)

Press PRESET, Preset to return the instrument to its power-on

state

Press FREQ and set the uplink and downlink frequencies to

match your device

Press BSE, MODE SETUP, MORE 2/2, Phy Setup, and set the

CFI to 1

Press BSE, MODE SETUP and set EPC (Evolved Packet Core)

to Embed. Ensure the the EPC block in the upper right of the

main display is illuminated



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Load the Scenario File that matches the attributes of your

device. Press BSE, MODE SETUP, Call Scenario, Load and

choose the file you need from the list. When the file is loaded,

the filename will appear in the “Base Station Emulator

Information” section of the display.

Press BSE, MODE and set the Emulator Mode to Run.

On the UE, or UE client control interface PC, initiate the

connection.

On the PXT screen, the CON and EPC icons in the BSE status

block illuminate when the connection is complete.



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In both the UE Client PC and Application Server PC in turn,

open a command window and use the “ping” command to

check that a data connection exists and is accessable.



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Raw data throughput test (1)using “iperf” (downloadable, freeware)

The following sets up a data throughput of 100Mbps:

On the PXT, set the BSE, MODE SETUP, MORE 2/2, Phy

Settings, DL Resource Allocation configuration to

Resource Allocation Mode Auto, and set the I_MCS and

RB Size to match your scenario file attributes.

On the UE Client PC, launch the Windows Command Prompt.

Go to the directory where the IPERF program is installed, and

then type the following command:

C:\{directory path}> iperf -s -i1 -u -l10000 -w20m



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Raw data throughput test (2)

On the Application Server PC, launch the Windows Command

Prompt. Go to the directory where IPERF program is

installed, and then type the following command:

C:\{directory path}> iperf -c{host IP address} -u -i1 –l{pkt

size} -t600 –b{rate in Mbps}m -w20m

where:

-c{host IP address} is the address of the client UE

(192.168.1.51)

-l{pkt size} is the message packet size in bytes (2900)

-b{rate in Mbps} is the date rate (102)



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Raw data throughput test (3)



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Video streamingusing VLC from VLAN (downloadable, freeware)

On the Application Server PC, run the VLC application.

In the main menu, select “Streaming” from the Media tab.



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Video streaming (2)

On the File tab, click the Add button to add a local video file to

be streamed.



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Video streaming (3)

Open the “File” drop-down menu, select the "UDP" option and

click Add.

Enter the IP address allocated to the UE (192.168.1.51). Set the

port number to 1234. Uncheck the “Active Transcoding”

option.

Click Stream to begin streaming the video



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Video streaming (4)

On the UE Client PC, run the VLC Media Player.

From the top menu, select “Open Network Stream” from the

Media tab



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Video streaming (5)

Enter the following URL udp://:1234 (the port number)

Click Play to play the video stream



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VoIP testusing the Brekeke SIP server (downloadable, license required)

and X-lite VoIP client (downloadable, freeware)

SIP server setup

Log on to the SIP server (user=sa, password=sa) and create 2

new accounts



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Set up the softphone clients



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Each client is registered in the SIP Server



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Make a call

Create a softphone contact

user2@ipaddress:portnumber in

the Application Server X-lite client

([email protected]:10051)

Create a softphone contact

user1@ipaddress:portnumber in

the Client PC X-lite client

([email protected]:10230)

Double click the contact name in either PC to make a call

mailto:[email protected]:10051

mailto:[email protected]:10230



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Call connected



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Appendix

• LTE attributes

• iperf command list

• 3GPP specification references



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LTE Channel Bandwidths

Channel bandwidth

[MHz] for LTE FDD1.4 3 5 10 15 20

Number of resource

blocks6 15 25 50 75 100

Number of sub-

carriers72 180 300 600 900 1200



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LTE Downlink and Uplink Signals

DL signals Full name Modulation sequence Purpose

P-SS Primary synchronizationsignal

One of 3 Zadoff-Chu sequences

Used for cell search and identification by the UE; carries part of the cell ID (one of 3 orthogonal sequences)

S-SS Secondary synchronizationsignal

Two 31-bit BPSK M-sequence

Used for cell search and identification by the UE; carries the remainder of the cell ID (one of 168 binary sequences)

RS Reference signal (pilot)

Complex I+jQ pseudo random sequence (length-31 Gold

sequence) derived from cell ID

Used for DL channel estimation; exact sequence derived from cell ID, (one of 3 * 168 = 504 pseudo random sequences)

UL signals

DM-RS Demodulation reference signal

uth root Zadoff-Chu Used for synchronization to the UE and UL channel estimation

S-RS Sounding reference signal

Based on Zadoff-Chu

Used to monitor propagation conditions with UE



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LTE Downlink Channels

DL

channelsFull name Modulation format Purpose

PBCH Physical broadcast

channel

QPSK Carries cell-specific information

PDCCH Physical downlink

control channel

QPSK Scheduling, ACK/NACK

PDSCH Physical downlink

shared channel

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Payload

PMCH Physical multicast

channel

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Payload for multimedia

broadcast multicast service

(MBMS)

PCFICH Physical control

format indicator

channel

QPSK Carries information about the

number of PDCCH OFDMA

symbols per

sub-frame (1, 2, or 3)

PHICH Physical hybrid ARQ

indicator channel

BPSK with I

& Q CDM

Carries the hybrid-ARQ ACK/NAK



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LTE Uplink Channels

UL

channelsFull name Modulation format Purpose

PRACH Physical

random access

channel

uth root

Zadoff-Chu

Call setup

PUCCH Physical uplink

control

channel

On/Off Keying

BPSK,QPSK

Scheduling, ACK/NACK

PUSCH Physical uplink

shared channel

QPSK, 16 QAM, 64

QAM

Payload



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iperf command list(type iperf –h)



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3GPP specification references

iperf settings for I_MCS, Resource Allocation and RB size:

Refer to 3GPP specifications 36.213 Tables 7.1.7.1-1 and

&.1.7.2.1-1 and 36.306 Table 4.1-1.

does your device deliver the high speed data throughput promise of lte

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new technologies

highspeed data throughput

data throughput testing

multiple technologies

new ways

design test of complex