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What is blood pressure?

How do we measure blood pressure?

What is blood pressure?

How do we measure blood pressure?

Blood PressureBlood Pressure

Blood Pressure is the pressure that blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels

It is the force that keeps blood circulating between heartbeats

Blood pressure is measured in the large systemic arteries near the heart

Blood Pressure is the pressure that blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels

It is the force that keeps blood circulating between heartbeats

Blood pressure is measured in the large systemic arteries near the heart

Effects of various Effects of various factors on blood factors on blood

pressurepressure

Effects of various Effects of various factors on blood factors on blood

pressurepressure

Factors that effect blood pressureFactors that effect blood pressure

There are several factors that effect blood pressure

The two biggest are cardiac output and peripheral resistance

Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped out from the heart at any given time

Peripheral resistance is the amount of friction encountered by the blood as it flows through the various vessels of the cardiovascular system

There are several factors that effect blood pressure

The two biggest are cardiac output and peripheral resistance

Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped out from the heart at any given time

Peripheral resistance is the amount of friction encountered by the blood as it flows through the various vessels of the cardiovascular system

Factors of peripheral resistanceFactors of peripheral resistance

There are many factors that can effect peripheral resistance

The most common are vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and atherosclerosis.

Increased blood volume or blood viscosity (thickness) will also change resistance

There are many factors that can effect peripheral resistance

The most common are vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and atherosclerosis.

Increased blood volume or blood viscosity (thickness) will also change resistance

Neural Factors:The autonomic Nervous systemNeural Factors:The autonomic Nervous system

The parasympathetic nervous system has little to no effect on blood pressure

It is the work of the sympathetic nervous system that causes vasoconstriction

The parasympathetic nervous system has little to no effect on blood pressure

It is the work of the sympathetic nervous system that causes vasoconstriction

Neural Factors:The autonomic Nervous systemNeural Factors:The autonomic Nervous system

Ex: When you stand up and blood pools in the legs and feet the sympathetic nervous system sends signals to pressoreceptors in the large arteries of the neck and chest

Ex: When you stand up and blood pools in the legs and feet the sympathetic nervous system sends signals to pressoreceptors in the large arteries of the neck and chest

Renal factors:KidneysRenal factors:Kidneys

Kidneys are responsible for conserving water and salt

The source of water for the body is mostly in the bloodstream

When pressure is high the body will produce more urine to lower the pressure and vice versa

Kidneys are responsible for conserving water and salt

The source of water for the body is mostly in the bloodstream

When pressure is high the body will produce more urine to lower the pressure and vice versa

Other factorsOther factors

There are a few other factors that also change blood pressure

These include temperature, diet, and chemicals (drugs)

There are a few other factors that also change blood pressure

These include temperature, diet, and chemicals (drugs)

TemperatureTemperature

In general cold weather will create a vasoconstriction effect.

This is why cold compresses are recommended to prevent swelling of a bruised area.

In general heat will have a vasodilation effect.

In general cold weather will create a vasoconstriction effect.

This is why cold compresses are recommended to prevent swelling of a bruised area.

In general heat will have a vasodilation effect.

DietDiet

Although medical opinion has debated this at large over recent years it is recommended that a diet low in salt, saturated fats, and cholesterol helps to prevent hypertension.

Hypertension is high blood pressure.

Although medical opinion has debated this at large over recent years it is recommended that a diet low in salt, saturated fats, and cholesterol helps to prevent hypertension.

Hypertension is high blood pressure.

Chemicals (Drugs)Chemicals (Drugs)

There are many effects that chemicals or drugs can have on blood pressure

Epinephrine will increase both heart rate and blood pressure

Nicotine will increase vasoconstriction.

Both alcohol and histamine cause vasodilation

There are many effects that chemicals or drugs can have on blood pressure

Epinephrine will increase both heart rate and blood pressure

Nicotine will increase vasoconstriction.

Both alcohol and histamine cause vasodilation