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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL 1.1 Introduction WATERTRAK STANDARD WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Page 1: DM plant

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1.1 Introduction

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

Page 2: DM plant

Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT #P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.1 Introduction

Page 1 of 2

Introduction Congratulations on purchasing one of the best-engineered and manufactured water purification systems available. Aquatech International is a privately held Pennsylvania Corporation located in suburban Pittsburgh. At this eight (8) acre location, we own and operate a 30,000 square foot manufacturing facility with railroad accessibility. The administrative and engineering personnel reside in a 10,000 square foot building that allows excellent inter-departmental interface and proximity to the factory to ensure a high degree of quality control for compliance to customer specification. We specialize in the manufacture and construction of Custom Engineered Water and Waste Water Treatment Systems for Semiconductor Manufacturers, Generating Stations, Chemical, Pulp, Paper and Steel Mills, Electronic, Fertilizer, Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries. These systems include the following equipment: a. Pretreatment and Chemical Feed Systems. b. Coagulation, Precipitation Systems including Clarifiers and Lime Softeners. c. Filtration Systems including Gravity Filters, Vertical and Horizontal Pressure Filters with Sand, Activated Carbon

and Mixed Media. d. Carbon Filters and Carbon Adsorption Columns. e. Zeolite Water Softeners, Chloride Dealkalizers, Split Stream Dealkalizers. f. Ion Exchange Demineralizers - Co-Current, Counter-Current, Co-Counter-Current Systems. g. Condensate Polishers. h. Degasifiers, Deaerators, and Aerators. i. Membrane Systems including Reverse Osmosis, Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration. j. Vacuum Degasification Systems. k. Waste Neutralization Systems. l. Electro-Dialysis Systems. m. Control Systems to Monitor, Control and Record from one Central Control Panel (Cubicle or Console Type) for

Local or Remote Operation, including Graphic/Mimic Displays. Special features of our automatic control systems include the latest in programmable controllers and operator interface systems which permit selective sequencing with variance in steps without rewiring of the control system. Aquatech provides complete technical services on a project from the conceptual stage by assisting the customer with the preparation of specifications, through engineering and manufacturer, to the installation and startup of Water, Waste

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT #P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.1 Introduction

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Water and Hazardous Waste Treatment facilities. Aquatech prefers to supply the customer a "systems-approach" to meet the desired water quality standards. This includes design, manufacture, construction, startup and annual certification. This unique ability has been developed over the last 17 years and Aquatech has the full-time in-house professionals to meet project needs. This operation and maintenance manual should be kept near the workplace and plant engineering office. Periodically, it needs to be updated to reflect modifications, additions, and deletions or other changes affecting the original design concept. Prior to design changes, Aquatech strongly recommends the owner contact our Customer/Field Support representative for review and comments or issues of spare parts, field service and documentation, please direct your inquiry to:

Aquatech International Corporation Manager, Customer and Field Support

P. O. Box 150 1 Four Coins Drive

Canonsburg, Pa 15317

Phone: 724 746-5300 Fax: 724 746-5374

E-mail: [email protected] Web-Site www.aquatech.com

WARRANTY DISCLAIMER The system should be operated and maintained per the operating instructions provided by seller. The Purchaser is to maintain documents such as operation records, log sheets, etc., and also records of periodic maintenance program undertaken by Purchaser. Failure or refusal to fully disclose to Seller, the use and operating parameters, shall render all warranties null and void. Seller strictly takes no liability for any damages caused for non compliance of these provisions by the Purchaser.

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1.2 Safety

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.2 Safety First

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Safety First The ultimate goal of safety is the complete prevention of personnel injury, loss of life, destruction of property as a result of accidents, fires, explosions, or other hazardous situations. While this goal may seem illusionary, adequate safety and fire prevention emphasizes the prevention of accidents and failures. Unfortunately, the technical principles and practices in many fields are insufficiently established for valid evaluation of all calculated risks, thus leaving to the individual owner-operator the sole responsibility for adequate safety. Therefore, Aquatech International cannot accept any responsibility for the Owners/ Operators in regards to safety and related issues. Aquatech supports and promotes safety education for users of process equipment. Various agencies have developed standards for safety and Aquatech advises its clients to broadly apply these codes and to conform specifically to local regulation. Typical examples of safety codes are shown in table below:

Typical Standards Utilized Codes Description SBC Standard Building Code NEC National Electric Code AGA American Gas Association ANSI American National Standards Institute ASTM American Society of Testing Material NFPA National Fire Protection Association

AHSRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers SPC Standard Plumbing Code SGC Standard Gas Code SMC Standard Mechanical Code

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers CFR Code of Federal Regulations API American Petroleum Institute

General Plant Safety Provisions Certain safety requirements are common to all industrial plants and process installations. Many of these are set by local legislation, such as building and plumbing codes, or insurance restrictions. Others follow generally acceptable experiences and practices. Multi-story buildings, building roofs, and elevated open structures are frequently used to support, house, or service process equipment. Alternate means of escape from elevated levels such as buildings or structures can be by stairway, ladder or chute. In some installations, ropes and slide poles are acceptable. Escapeways which lead personnel into a single area are unacceptable. An additional escapeway from an elevated station is usually considered necessary for distances in excess of 40 feet from an elevator, stairway, or ladder. In a similar manner, escape doors for the ground floor of a fully enclosed building are customarily spaced so that no worker must travel more than 40 feet to exit. Process equipment and accessories that require frequent inspection, adjustment, or repair during operation should be readily accessible. Platforms are usually provided for maintenance access to equipment where manways are located more than 12 feet above grade. Infrequently operated valves, for example, those used only during startup or shutdown of process equipment, can be operated from ladders or by chains. Small isolated pieces of equipment, such as temperature indicators and pressure gauges, can also be serviced from ladders if not more than 8 feet above grade or a platform. Handrails should be

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.2 Safety First

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provided around all platforms and all uncovered sumps or pits. Ladders serving platforms more than 12 feet above grade should be provided with cages extending down 8 feet above grade or platform. Handling facilities should be provided to lift all equipment which must be handled during maintenance operations. Mobile equipment should be used for this purpose whenever possible and accessways should be arranged to facilitate this. Items not accessible with mobile equipment should be serviced by portable equipment. Davits should be provided for manway covers, exchanger bonnets, and relief valves. Elevated equipment not accessible to mobile equipment which requires servicing and involves weight in excess of 1000 pounds should be provided with permanent handling facilities. Trolley beams or cranes should be provided for servicing large compressors or drivers. Suitable guards are necessary for all rotating equipment, belt drives, and chain drives, and powered conveyors. Screening devices, dryers, packaging, and similar equipment should also be provided on process equipment undergoing servicing or maintenance while the alternate equipment is in use. Personnel entry into the process equipment is permitted only when all flow is positively and completely shut off by double-block valves with intervening vents or by blind flanges or double-disk valves with vents between seats. Valve motor operators should be disconnected or interlocked and hand valve red tagged, locked, or guarded by personnel. Operators and workers must be protected against contact with hot piping, or vessels.

Storage and Handling The safe storage and handling of hazardous material requires a thorough knowledge of chemical properties for positive containment and avoidance of leakage. Storage tanks, piping, valving and pump material must be selected for resistances to rapid corrosion or other deteriorate (caustic embrittlement, etc.) which can lead to structural failure. Dikes or low walls are to be provided around storage vessels. Dike capacity should be at least 110% of the vessel volume. Chlorine and similar toxic gases are preferably stored in exterior locations to permit dissipation of minor leakage and with sunshade roofs to minimize corrosion and pressure rise. Hazardous storage areas should be fenced to assure against entry by no one other than assigned personnel. Hazardous materials are handled more safely in closed systems. When drum shipments are unavoidable, personnel should be fully protected by suitable clothing, gloves, and masks. Relief valve leakage must be avoided with lethal or other extremely hazardous materials. Accordingly, rupture diaphragms are used as auxiliary positive seals. Emergency showers and eyewash stations must be provided in all areas for storage, handling, transfer, and processing materials harmful to human tissue. These facilities should be operable in all types of weather and should be simple and reliable to ensure that an injured man (evenly temporarily blinded) can operate them.

Spills and Leakage Whenever hazardous chemicals are stored, unloaded, handled, or used, an abundant water supply should be available for emergency use in dissolving, diluting, or flushing away the spilled chemicals. All clean-up activity must comply with local, state and federal regulations. Hydrochloric Acid: (HCl)

Either as a gas or in solution, HCl is very corrosive and can cause severe burns on contact. Mucous membranes of the eyes and the upper respiratory tract are especially suseptible to high atmospheric concentrations. Avoid inhalation of the fumes and provide adequate ventilation when handling the acid. Acid is supplied as a colorless to yellow/green liquid in concentrations of about 28 to 36 weight percent HCl.

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.2 Safety First

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Sodium Hydroxide

Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) or caustic soda can cause severe burns on contact with skin or eyes or when taken internally. Great care should be take when handling the anhydrous material or when preparing or handling caustic soda solutions. Caustic soda is supplied as a 50% liquid in Rayon grade.

First Aid General first aid is of prime importance in the case of hazardous chemicals coming in contact with eyes or skin. At the first instant of exposure to hazardous chemicals, the affected area should be thoroughly rinsed with large quantities of water.

Contact with Eyes If even minute quantities of hazardous chemicals enter the eyes, they should be immediately irrigated with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. The eyelids should be held apart during the irrigation to ensure that all the tissues of the eyes and lids are continuously in contact with water. If a physician is not immediately available, the eye irrigation should be continued for another 15 minutes. No oils, oily ointments or other medication should be placed into the eye, unless ordered by a physician. Equipment, instruments, and piping for corrosive or toxic materials should be installed in such a manner as to minimize accidental discharge. Special guards and/or locks and well-defined operation precautions can minimize the possibility of such occurrence. All authorized individuals who have access to operate and/or perform maintenance on this equipment must be properly trained in regard to the hazards, care, use, handling and storing of acid and caustic chemicals. When handling or using chemicals, it is recommended that operators and maintenance personnel wear the proper personal protective clothing such as rubber boots, gloves, aprons, safety glasses and goggles to prevent personnel from being severely burned, should an accidental spilling or splashing of chemicals occur. All employees should be made familiar with the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and other "Right to Know" safety issues prior to operating the process equipment.

Electrical Safety Fatalities and serious injuries have occurred many times when maintenance work is being performed and where the source of power has been inadvertently turned on before this work was complete. All electrical work should be done by designated, qualified personnel. The only sure method to isolate electricity is to lock the appropriate disconnect switch in the "off" position. Where possible, it is also advisable to remove the fuses. Some equipment is made with built in key locking devices, however, if such devices are not installed, a padlock lockout safety procedure may be designed to meet individual requirements. The following is a general procedure suggested for establishing a lockout condition. This is not meant to be a complete procedure, or to supersede existing satisfactory methods. 1. Key-operated padlocks are preferred, because supervisors can better exercise control over

keys than combination locks. 2. Locks should be issued to employees who work on equipment and the locks should be

identified by name or number of the employee to whom they are issued. 3. Each lock should be issued with only one key. The spare key should be kept in a locked

catalogued cabinet in the maintenance supervisor's office.

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.2 Safety First

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A work permit and close supervision are recommended for anyone working on the electrical system.

Common Errors That Make A Lockout System Ineffective 1. System not enforced and properly supervised by management. 2. Failure to use the lock. 3. Locking out the incorrect disconnect. 4. Leaving the key in the lock. 5. Asking others to do the locking out. 6. Failure to use the tags. 7. Failure to check inside switch box to make sure disconnect is positive. 8. Pulling fuses and not locking out. 9. Not identifying all switches and disconnects to the equipment. 10. Assuming the equipment is inoperable. 11. Assuming the job is too small to merit locking out.

Safety Instructions for Back pressure and Relief Valves • Wear protective clothing and glasses when working with or near chemicals • Refer to MSDS sheets for all chemicals being used • Use only the re-placements parts from the OEM. Use of other parts may result in damage to equipment or

injury • Flush all components that re in contact with chemicals prior to servicing • Stop the flow of sample through the system prior to working on the pump • Do not exceed the maximum operating pressure Conclusions Effective plant safety and fire protection extend to every phase of engineering, operation, and maintenance. As a minimum, the design of structures and equipment should reflect industry standards in reducing all safety risks as far as possible and with full awareness and careful assessment of special situations for which average industry practices may not be adequate. Proper safety equipment and individual safety plans must be strictly adhered to not only for normal service but also for emergency demands to avoid failures that would impair recovery from a plant mishap. Aquatech International Corporation will assume no responsibility for any injury in connection to the handling of chemicals and associated utilities and components/equipment. The owner/ operators will not hold Aquatech International Corporation, its associates and employees responsible for any injury or death that which may occur.

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1.3 Common Terminologies

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.3 Common Terminologies

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Acids A large class of chemical substances whose water solutions have the ability to react with cation resins to regenerate exhausted resins which permits the resin to be used over and over again. Acids are also used to lower the pH of waste water to a desired range, (typically 7±1). Acids utilized in Aquatech processes are hydrochloric (20° Be HCl) or sulfuric 66° Be H2SO4 technical grade. pH of acids is less than 7.0. Air Scour - Air enters bottom head of pressure vessel and flow through the strainer plate nozzles evenly distributed through the vessel’s media. Air agitates the media loosening any compacted media by breaking any crust formed due to solids. Anion An ion having a negative charge like sulfate (SO4

-), carbonate (CO3-) hydroxide (OH-), and

chloride (Cl-), etc.

Alkalinity capacity of water to neutralize acids, a property imparted by the water's content of carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide, and on occasion borate, silicate, and phosphate. It is expressed in milligrams per liter of equivalent calcium carbonate (mg/l CaCO3).

Anti-Scalant – is a chemical agent added to the RO feed water to inhibit the precipitation or crystallization of salt compounds.

Backwash - During the service cycle, the filter media bed collects some suspended impurities from the water. Some of the media particle/beads breakup into fines and the bed becomes somewhat compacted. Introducing water at calculated flow rates in the opposite direction to the service flow lifts the bed that loosens and expands into the free board provided for the purpose, forcing the suspended particles and the media fines out of the unit. At the same time, the bed loses its compaction, reducing the chances of channeling that could cause water to bypass some of the effective media bed. Compaction and fines also cause excessive pressure drop. Water for the same quality as the influent is introduced from the bottom of the vessel and is collected at the top and then is directed to the drain. Proper backwash rate is of great importance since higher than the suggested rate may cause media loss and the lower rate may not be sufficient to do the proper backwash. Any sudden shock in the backwash cycle should be avoided, since this may cause media loss.

Bases The opposite of acids with pH > 7.0 and is used to regenerate anion resins and to upwardly adjust the pH of waste water to the desired level. The Aquatech process uses sodium hydroxide (50% NaOH) rayon grade. Biocides chemical agents with the capacity to kill biological life forms. Bactericides, insecticides, pesticides, etc. are examples Brackish Water – is water in which the dissolved solids contents fall between that of drinking water and sea water. Generally the TDS range is 1,000 to 10,000 ppm.

Cation An ion having a positive charges like calcium (Ca++), sodium (Na+), Magnesium (Mg++), Iron (Fe+3), and Hydrogen (H+).

Capacity of a resin is the amount of ions exchanged per regeneration to a selected point, i.e. 20 Kilogram capacity per cubic foot at 8 pounds regenerant per cubic foot dosage. Means that 1

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.3 Common Terminologies

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cubic foot of the resin when regenerated with 8 pounds of regenerant would exchange ions equivalent to 20 Kilograms of calcium carbonate providing a treated water of the selected quality

Chlorination – the addition of small amounts of free chlorine to water for the purpose of killing harmful microorganisms Chemical precipitation: (1) the process of utilizing chemicals to produce a separable solid phases within a liquid medium; in analytical chemistry, precipitation is used to separate a solid phase in an aqueous solution. (2) The process of softening water by the addition of lime and soda ash as the precipitants Conductivity The property of a substance (water) that describes it ability to transfer electricity. It is the inverse of resistively.

Quality of Water Obtained From Various Sources

Type of Water Quality (Electrical

Resistance In Terms Of Megaohms-cms.)

Theoretical maximum quality (calculated) 26 Water after 28 distillations in quartz 18.3 25° C Water treated by strongly acidic-strongly based system 18 Water after three distillations in quartz 2 Water after three distillations in glass 1 Water in equilibrium with the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 0.7 Water after a single distillation in glass 0.5 Approximate quality of U.S.P. distilled water * 0.1 * The US Pharmacopoeia specifies that USP distilled water must not contain more that 5 ppm total dissolved solids. Concentration in solutions, the mass, volume, or number of moles of solute present in proportion to the amount of solvent or total solution Common measures are: molarity, normality, percent, molality, and by specific gravity scales. Dechlorination process a process by which excess chlorine is removed from water to a desired level. Usually accomplished by chemical reduction through sodium bisulfite, by passage through carbon beds or by aeration at a suitable pH. Displacement (Slow) Rinse The process of displacement of regenerants and the eluted ions from the resin is started at a slow pace, normally at the same rate as the dilution flow of the regeneration injection. This not only displaces the regenerants through and out of the resin, but also provides a few more minutes of contact time. Exhaustion/ Regeneration An ion exchanger exchanges ions dissolved in the influent water with the active ions in its resin, i.e., a zeolite softener unit exchanges calcium and magnesium with sodium. This slowly reduces the concentration of available active ions. The resin is termed as

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.3 Common Terminologies

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exhausted when the active ion concentration reaches a low level and effluent has a pre-selected high leakage of un-exchanged ions, known as end point leakage. Using sodium chloride, the exhausted resin is regenerated, bringing back the level of active ion concentration.

Fast Rinse After the slow rinse the resin is rinsed further at a higher flow rate. Rinsing removes excess regenerant from the resin, at the same time all the eluted ions are displaced from the resin bed, bringing the resin back to active condition, ready to be put into service. Fouling the process in which undesirable foreign matter accumulates in a bed of media, clogging pores and coating surfaces. Freeboard the vertical distance between a bed of media and the collector for backwash water. This distance is the height available for bed expansion during back washing. Freeboard is usually expressed as a percentage of bed depth. Hardness a characteristic of water, imparted by salts of calcium, magnesium, and iron, such as bicarbonates, carbonates, sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates that cause curdling of soap, deposition of scale in boilers, damage in some industrial process, and sometimes objectionable taste. It may be determined by a standard laboratory procedure or computed from the amounts of calcium and magnesium as well as iron, aluminum, manganese, barium, strontium, and zinc; expressed as equivalent parts per million of calcium carbonate.

Temporary hardness is due to calcium and magnesium alkaline salts, such as magnesium bicarbonates and carbonates. Temporary hardness is also known as "carbonate hardness" or "alkaline hardness". Mostly, temporary hardness is due to bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium. Permanent hardness is due to neutral salts of calcium of magnesium that includes chlorides, sulfates, nitrates, and fluorides of calcium and magnesium. Permanent hardness is also known as "non-carbonate hardness" or "non-alkaline hardness".

Leakage an amount of un-exchanged ions which are present in the effluent. There is always some leakage of ions in the effluent from an ion exchange. It varies throughout the service cycle reaching a maximum at the end of the service cycle. Capacity of a resin is based upon this end point leakage. The leakage may be as little as 1 PPB (1 parts per billion, i.e., 1 pound of substance per billion pounds of water). Langelier Scaling Index (LSI) LSI predicts tendency of water to form calcium carbonate or in other words how likely it is for calcium carbonate to precipitate. In order to avoid calcium carbonate scaling, CaCO3 should tend to dissolve in concentrate stream rather than precipitate. At pH of saturation (pHs), water is in equilibrium with CaCO3. To control calcium carbonate scaling by acid addition alone, LSI in reject (concentrate) stream must be negative.

LSI = (pH of RO reject) – (pH of saturation for CaCO3)

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.3 Common Terminologies

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Because a high quality scale inhibitor is available for this particular application concentration stream can have LSI up to 1.5. Anti-scalant addition will help to reduce or eliminate need for acid consumption. Oxidant a chemical agent that oxidizes. Oxidation in a broad sense oxidation is the increase in positive valence of any element in a substance. On the basis of the electron theory, oxidation is a process in which an element losses electrons. In a narrow sense, oxidation means the chemical addition of oxygen to a substance. Parts per million (ppm) the unit commonly used to represent the degree of pollutant concentration where the concentrations are small. Larger concentrations are given in percentages. 1ppm = 1mg/L. In BOD analysis, the results are expressed in ppm, whereas in the suspended solids test, the values are expressed in percents. In air, ppm is usually a volume/volume ratio; in water, ppm represents a weight/volume ratio. pH control is of critical importance in a large number of industrial operations such as in water purification. pH is a value taken to represent the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution; it is defined as the logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution:

(1) pH = Log (---------) (H+)

Pure water is the standard used in arriving at this value. Under ordinary conditions water molecules disassociate into the ions H+ & OH-, with recombination at such a rate that with very pure water at 22° C this is a concentration of oppositely charged ions of 1/10,000,000, or 10-7, mole per liter. This is commonly expressed by saying that pure water has a pH of 7, which means that its concentration of hydrogen ions are expressed by the exponent 7, without it's minus sign. When acids or hydroxyl- containing bases are in water solution they ionize more or less completely, furnishing varying concentrations of H+ & OH- ions, respectively, to the solution. Strong acids and bases ionize much more completely than weak acids and bases; thus strong acids give solutions of pH 1 to 3, while solutions of weak acids have a pH of about 6. Strong bases give solutions of pH 12 or 13, while weak bases give solutions of pH about 8. As the pH scale is logarithmic, the intervals are exponential, and thus represent far greater differences in concentration than the values themselves seem to indicate.

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.3 Common Terminologies

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Examples

Liquid pH Value Pure water 7 Sea water 7.8 - 8.2 Blood 7.3 - 7.5 Milk 6.5 - 7 Soil (optimum for crops) 6 - 7 Cola Soft Drinks 2 - 3

In acid-base titrations, changes in pH can be detected by indicators, such as methyl orange, etc. Litmus paper can also be used as a rough indication of acidity or alkalinity. pH adjustment: a means of maintaining the optimum pH through the use of chemical additives. Precipitate to cause a dissolved substance to form a solid particle which can be removed by settling or filtering such as the removal of dissolved iron by oxidation, precipitation and filtration. Precipitate is also used to refer to the solid formed as a result of precipitation. Reduction chemical reaction in which an atom or molecule gains an electron; decrease in positive valence; addition of hydrogen to a molecule. Reduction Treatment the opposite of oxidation treatment wherein a reductant is used to lower the valence state of a pollutant to a less toxic form; e.g. the use of SO2 to reduce Cr6+ to Cr3+ in an acidic solution. Regenerant Introduction Regenerants of proper concentration are introduced in the tanks to reactivate the resin. The strength of dilute regenerant and its flow rate are of utmost importance. Any change in these values compared to the ones specified, may cause resin fouling, capacity loss, and quality deterioration. Residual is the amount of a specific material remaining in the water following a treatment process. May refer to the incomplete removal (such as leakage) or to material meant to remain in treated water (such as residual chlorine). Reverse Osmosis (RO) – is the reverse of the natural osmosis process. It is achieved by external application of sufficient pressure to cause the solvent (water) to flow in the reverse direction, i.e. from the more concentrated solution to the dilute solution. RO Membrane – It is the active surface of the element through which the RO feed water is processed into permeate and concentrate (reject) streams. RO Array – Each Reverse Osmosis bank consists of an array of 5 vessels followed by a 3 vessels followed by a 2 vessels. Each vessel has 6 membranes.

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1.3 Common Terminologies

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RO Permeate – Within the RO vessel are a series of membranes. Pressurized water flows into the RO vessel and the pressure forces water through the filtering layers of the membranes and into the permeate chamber. Permeate comes out both end of the vessel from the center of the membranes. Permeate connections from each array are headered together. 85% of the feed water into the vessel becomes permeate water. Permeate will have the majority of suspended solids, organic material such as bacteria, and dissolved mineral and salts removed. RO Reject – The remaining water that does not flow into the permeate chamber is called reject or concentrate. The concentrate has ions which are too large to flow through the membranes. The concentrate from the first array flows feeds the second array. As with the first array, the pressure forces some of the concentrate through the membranes. The concentrate from the second array flows feeds the third array. As with the second array, the pressure forces some of the concentrate through the membranes. The concentrate flow leaving the third array is limited to 15% of the feed by adjusting the globe valve on the RO bank’s reject line. Recovery – is the amount of feed water recovered as permeate. It is expressed as percentage (%) recovery. % Recovery = Permeate Flow / (Permeate Flow + Reject Flow) x 100 Scale – is a coating that forms on surface of membranes due to the precipitation or crystallization of salt compound or solids. Precipitate that forms on surfaces in contact with water as the results of a physical or chemical change, often due to the presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or magnesium carbonate (MgCO3). Semi-permeable Membrane – is a natural or synthetic membrane that allows only some molecules in a mixture to pass through it. Softening the removal of hardness—calcium and magnesium—from water.

Quality of Water Obtained From Various Sources * The US Pharmacopoeia specifies that USP distilled water must not contain more that 5 ppm total dissolved solids. Acids A large class of chemical substances whose water solution have the ability to react with cations resins to regenerate exhausted resins which permits the resin to be used over and over again. Acids are also used to lower the pH to a desired range, typically (7+-1,) of waste water. Acids utilized in Aquatech processes are hydro-chloric (20°Be HCl) or sulfuric 66°Be H2SO4 technical grade. pH of acids are less than 7.0. Specific Gravity (Sp.Gr.) The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance; it is an abstract number that is unrelated to any units. For solids and liquids, specific gravity is numerically equal to density, but for gases it is not, because of the difference between the densities of the reference substances. Which are usually water (1 g/cc) for solids and liquids

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1.3 Common Terminologies

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and air (0.00120 g/cc, or 1.29 g/l at 0 and 760 mm) for gases. The specific gravity of solids and liquids is the ratio of their density to that of water at 4° C taken as 1.0 as 1 cc of water weighs 1 gram. Thus a solid or liquid with a density of 1.5 g/cc has a specific gravity of 1.5. Since weights of liquids and gases vary with temperature, it is necessary to specify both temperatures involved, except for rough or approximate values. Suspended solids (1) solids that either floats on the surface of, or is in suspension in, water, wastewater, or other liquids, and which are largely removable by laboratory filtering. (2) The quantity of material removed from wastewater in a laboratory test, as prescribed in “Standard Methods” and referred to as non-filterable residue. Turbidity Foreign suspended particles in water imparting an unsightly appearance and will result in deposits in water lines, process equipment, etc. It is measured by a nephelometer that which senses the quantity of light transmitted through a water sample. The units are given as NTU.

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1.4 Annual Certification Program

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

1.4 Annual Certification Program

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Annual Certification Program Aquatech suggests to its customers that an Aquatech service engineer visit your facility on an annual basis. The reason for this visitation is outlined below: A. Inspections

1. Condition of equipment. 2. Verify Operation Sequences. 3. Ensure chemical consumption is correct. 4. Update Operations and Maintenance Manuals. 5. Audit operational records and preventative maintenance program. 6. A recent water analysis and resin sample or analysis should be sent to AIC at Least 2 weeks prior to arrival at site.

B. Field Reports

1. Open discussion concerning inspection. 2. Recommendations specific to your water plant to improve results and efficiency. 3. Spare parts update. 4. Down time analysis. 5. Operating cost analysis. 6. Updating control panel, software, as needed. 7. Suggestions for improvements to methods and long term training plan.

C. Training

1. Classroom training with water plant supervisors/operators. 2. Cross training with non-water plant operators/supervisor/engineers. 3. Overview with management personnel. 4. Testing and certification of water plant personnel.

This intensive week long program will enable the management and personnel at youroperating facility to be assured the overall water plant will be operating properly. Additionally, as Aquatech's innovative designs become available and water plant practices improve, Aquatech will transfer this information to its customers via our technical service group. Note: For current field service rates please refer to Aquatech International's field service terms and conditions.

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

2.1 System Summary

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Project: PERI Aquatech International Corp. Customer: Global Management Partners, LLC AIC Project No.: P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto La Cruz Page 1

2.1 System Summary

This system receives feed water and then pumps it into the Activated Carbon Filters through Three (3) Feed Water pumps; each rated at 280 gpm max at 100psig (64m3/hr @ 6.8 barg). The water then enters two (2) 100% Activated Carbon Filters. Each filter is rated for a service flow rate of 157gpm (36m3/hr) and a backwash flow rate of 280gpm (64m3/hr). The water then enters two (2) 100% Strong Acid Cations each rated for Service flow of 157 gpm (36m3/hr). These units remove Cationic ions from the water. Then the water enters through two (2) 100% Strong Base Anions. Again, these are rated for 157gpm (36m3/hr) flow rate each. The Strong Base Anions remove Anions from the water stream. The last equipment to process the water is two (2) 100% Mixed Bed units. These units contain both Anion and Cation resin mixed together. This mixed resin polishes the water, greatly reducing the conductivity level. Two Regeneration Water Pumps are also supplied as auxiliary equipment. These pumps provide regeneration water to the regeneration skids. Two different regeneration skids are supplied with the plant. One Acid regeneration skid and one Caustic regeneration skid. They each provide the necessary amount of dilute chemical to the demineralization vessels to regenerate the resins contained inside. The mixed bed units also have a mixing air blower. This blower is used during regeneration to remix the resin after it has been regenerated.

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

2.2 Equipment Data Sheets

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

2.3 Instrument Data Sheets

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

2.4 Valve Data Sheets

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

2.5 Consumables

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Project: PERI Customer: Global Management Partners LLCLocation: Punto Fijo/Puerto LaCruz

2.5 Consumables List

Aquatech International Corp. AIC Project No.: P-00101

Unit Chemical used for regeneration Media

Qty/Unit(FT3)

TotalQuantity

Activated Carbon filter N/A Gravel Suport 13.9 27.8Activated Carbon filter N/A Activated Carbon 83.0 166.0Strong Acid Cation H2SO4 Strong Acid Resin 101.0 202.0Strong Acid Cation H2SO4 Inert Resin 8.0 16.0Strong Base Anion NaOH Strong Base Resin 126.0 252.0Strong Base Anion NaOH Inert Resin 12.6 25.2Mixed Bed Unit NaOH Strong Base Resin 21.0 42.0Mixed Bed Unit H2SO4 Strong Acid Resin 14 28

Page 1 of 1

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

3.1 System Operations & Control Philosophy

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

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1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................... 2

2 BASIS OF DESIGN ................................................................................................................................ 4

3 SYSTEM CONTROL PHILOSOPHY ................................................................................................. 5 3.1 DEMIN SYSTEM MAKE-UP ..................................................................................................................... 5

3.1.1 Water Treatment System Master Control ................................................................................ 5 3.1.1.1 WTS “Auto” Operation .................................................................................................................... 6 3.1.1.2 WTS “Semi-auto” Operation .......................................................................................................... 8 3.1.1.3 WTS Lead / Lag control .................................................................................................................. 9 3.1.1.4 Loss of Instrument Air or Control Power ...................................................................................... 9

3.1.2 Feed water Pumps .................................................................................................................. 9 3.1.3 Activated Carbon Filters (UNIT# 1/2) .................................................................................... 10 3.1.4 Strong Acid Cations (UNIT# 1/2) / Strong Base Anions (UNIT# 1/2) .................................... 14 3.1.5 Mixed Bed units (UNITS# 1/2) ............................................................................................... 20 3.1.6 Dilution Water Pumps (A/B) .................................................................................................. 27 3.1.7 Acid Regeneration Skid (XXX) .............................................................................................. 27 3.1.8 Caustic Regeneration Skid (XXX) ......................................................................................... 28

4 COMMON CONTROL PHILOSOPHIES ........................................................................................ 29 4.1 Rotating Equipment Control ..................................................................................................................... 29

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

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1 INTRODUCTION Aquatech is supplying the Demineralization System for the PONTO FIJO/ PUERTO LACRUZ Facility in Venezuela. The Demin System is designed to treat and produce 35.6 m3/hr maximum of demineralized water from the demin system. The plant will utilize one source of water for treatment:

• City Water This document is the Control Philosophy for the plant operation. The Water Treatment System is operated via a Man Machine Interface Unit and the system logic resided in a Programmable Logic Controller provided by Aquatech. Partial data for monitoring will be transferred to the central control room DCS. The overall system is comprised of two sections, demineralizer system make-up units and demin system accessory units. WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM:

Demineralizer Make-up system consists of: • Feed water Pumps • Activated Carbon filter units • Strong Acid Cation units • Strong Base Anion units • Mixed Bed units

Demineralizer accessories include: • Regeneration Dilution water pump skid • Acid Regeneration skid • Caustic Regeneration skid • Mixed bed air blower skid

From the raw water supply of min 7 ft NPSH, raw water is pumped by Feed water Pumps to the two (2) x 100% Activated Carbon filter units. ACTIVATED CARBON FILTERS (UNIT # 1/2) This raw water is fed through two x 100 % Multi media filters (MMF) to remove suspended solids and ensure particulate removal before passing through the downstream units. On higher service hours, the multi media filters will be cleaned. STRONG ACID CATIONS (UNIT # 1/2)/ STRONG BASE ANIONS (UNIT # 1/2): The de-cationized strong acid cation effluent is piped directly to the strong base anion units. The strong base anion unit effluent is fed directly to the inlet of the mixed beds. The strong acid cation vessel consists of strong acid cation resins and most of the cations are exchanged for hydrogen ion. Effluent water coming out of this vessel is called as decationized water. Decationized water flows to the anion units.

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3.1 Operating Philosophy

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Strong acid cation units are to be regenerated after 25 hours of service when sodium leakage is expected to start. On high flow throughput, the strong acid cation is requires regeneration to bring the resins back to Hydrogen form. This is done by acid injection for cation resin. Strong Base Anion units are to be regenerated after 25 hours of service when silica leakage is expected to start. Conductivity is measured at the outlet of the anion vessel. On high flow throughput, the strong base anion requires regeneration to bring the resins back to hydroxide form. This is done by sodium hydroxide injection for strong base resin. MIXED BED UNITS (UNIT # 1/2): Mixed bed contains both strong acid and strong base anion resins in mixed form. These units polish the demineralized water produced by the demin trains to improve the quality of the Demin water. Conductivity is closely monitored at the outlet of the mixed beds. On high conductivity or high throughput, the mixed bed is regenerated to bring the resins back to H and OH form. This is done by acid injection for cation resin and caustic injection for anion resin. Prior to this the resins are separated by means of back washing the resin. Cation resin being heavier will fall to the bottom and anion resin being lighter will remain the top. After the chemical injection is done, the resins are re-mixed by application of air from plant air provided for this purpose. ACID REGENERATION SKID : The acid regeneration system consists of two (2) x 100% Acid Regeneration Pump and a skid with necessary valve for mixing of 93% concentrated sulfuric acid and demineralized water used for regeneration. Sulfuric acid is used in this plant and this acid is used for the regeneration of cation resin in both the strong acid cation and the mixed bed. There are two (2) 100% Acid Regeneration Pumps each of 750 LPH capacity. Electronic stroke control on the acid regeneration pump is interlocked with the dilute acid concentration requirement during the cation regeneration (1.5% & 3.0%) and Mixed Bed (4.0%) regeneration. Acid pump stroke rate will automatically adjust through the PLC to meet the set point. Acid system is provided with block and bleed inlet, outlet and drain valves in the discharge of the acid pumps for safety. Reference sequence of operation charts for strong acid cation units and mixed bed units for these valve operations and pump requirements. CAUSTIC REGENERATION SKID : The caustic regeneration skid consists of two (2) x 100% Caustic Regeneration Pumps. Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) is used for the regeneration of anion resin in the strong base anion units and regeneration of anion resin in the mixed beds. There are two (2) x 100% Caustic Regeneration Pumps each of 870 LPH capacity. Each of these pumps is equipped with electronic stroke controller to pump required quantity of caustic to meet the dilute caustic concentration requirement during the regenerations. Caustic system is provided with block and bleed inlet, outlet and drain valves in the discharge of the caustic pumps for safety. Reference sequence of operation charts for strong base anion units for mixed bed units to see valve operations and pump requirements.

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3.1 Operating Philosophy

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2 BASIS OF DESIGN Reference Raw Water Characterization Data Sheet, ------------------------ Based on the above influent water, the Water treatment system is designed to produce Demineralized water of the following quality:

Mixed Bed Effluent Water Quality Parameter Guaranteed Quality

Quality 0.10 Mohm cm or better Sodium <10 ppb maximum as Na Silica < 10 ppb, maximum as SiO2 TOC <100 ppb pH 7.5 to 8.5 s.u.

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3.1 Operating Philosophy

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3 SYSTEM CONTROL PHILOSOPHY 3.1 DEMIN SYSTEM MAKE-UP Control system for the demineralization systems allows for both automatic startup and shutdown and semi-automatic startup and shutdown.

Demineralizer make-up system involves the following equipment: 1) Three (3) x 100% Feed Water Pumps 2) Two (2) x 100% Activated Carbon Filters (ACF units)

a) ACF-1 (UNIT# 1) b) ACF-2 (UNIT# 2)

3) Two (2) x 100% Strong Acid Cations (SAC units) a) Cation-1 (UNIT# 1) b) Cation-2 (UNIT# 2)

4) Two (2) x 100% Strong Base Anions (SBA units) a) Anion-1 (UNIT# 1) b) Anion-2 (UNIT# 2)

5) Two (2) x 100% Mixed Beds (MB units) a) MB-1 (UNIT# 1) b) MB-2 (UNIT# 2)

The Water Treatment System has a total of two (2) flow paths under which the system will operate in “Auto” or “Semi-auto”. From the list of make-up equipment above Filter-1, Cation-1, Anion-1 and Mixed Bed-1 comprises Train-1. Filter-2, Cation-2, Anion-2 and Mixed Bed-2 comprise Train-2. Trains will be put into service as one single entity. Cleaning and regenerations are operated as stand-alone units but regeneration of Cation and Anion units are operated as single entity.

The service flow path from raw water supply to demin storage tank can flow through … • Train-1 (ACF-1, SAC/SBA-1 and MB-1) • Train-2 (ACF-2, SAC/SBA-2 and MB-2)

3.1.1 Water Treatment System Master Control There are two modes of operation for the demineralization system, “Auto” & “Semi-auto”. Two HMI pushbuttons will allow for bump-less control between “Auto” and “Semi-auto”. In “Semi-auto” operation there are two modes for operation and in “Auto” operation there are two (2) modes for operation.

1) WTS “Auto” Operation a) Standby mode b) Service mode

2) WTS “Semi-auto” Operation

a) Standby mode b) Operator control with as many units selected for service as PLC will allow

The following HMI operators are given to control how the “WTS” make-up water is made:

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3.1 Operating Philosophy

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• “Auto” Operation button is enabled when system is in “Semi-auto if all the units in at least one of the Trains is not “Off-line”. If any units in both Trains are “Off-line” or if both Feed water Pumps are NOT in “Auto” the operator will not be permitted to go into “Auto” operation.

• “Standby” Mode button: is common to both “Auto” operation and “Semi-auto” operation. In this mode all

the units and pumps are in STOP condition. • “Semi-auto” Operation button is enabled in “Auto” operation and in “Standby” mode. If the operator

wishes to go from “Auto” mode to “Semi-auto” operation, the “Semi-Auto” mode must be selected. In Semi-auto mode “Service” button for all individual units in “Standby” is enabled.

• “Service” button for individual units are enabled only in “Semi-auto” operation. When permissive are

satisfied the respective units of Trains units will sequence into “Service” upon selecting the respective “Service” buttons. When in “Semi-auto” operation “Service” will be possible by selecting “Service” buttons for all the units – i.e.) Train 1 or Train 2.

3.1.1.1 WTS “Auto” Operation If in “Auto” operation the WTS will come in and out of “Service” based on the level in the Demin Storage Tank. In “Auto” the demin system can make-up water for a maximum of 25 hours in “Service” mode. During “Service” mode when Train regeneration is required the Train will stay in “Service” till lag Train comes to “Service” after “Pre-Service rinse”. Lead Train in time will go to “Standby”. If the lag Train is not in “Standby” mode then the Lead train will go to “Standby” mode after a preset time. The Units with “Regen Required” completes the regeneration sequence. WTS will then return to actual “Service” mode by returning the regenerated Train to “Service”. If the Train regeneration is selected for automatic initiation by PLC, the demineralization system can operate continuously. When the Demin Storage Tank level rises above the high level set point, “Auto” operation will go into “Standby” mode. WTS will wait for the tank level to fall to low set point.

With system in “Semi-auto” operation, the system will go to “Auto” operation upon operator pressing “Auto” button if all of the following permissive are satisfied.

At least one Feed water Pump in “Auto” All units in at least one Train in “Standby”

These permissive will be displayed on the HMI per the following color code: Red text = NOT satisfied Orange text = minimum conditions satisfied Black text = Satisfied Upon any of following condition PLC will take WTS from “Auto” mode to “Semi-Auto” Mode:

Operator press “Semi-Auto” button

3.1.1.1.1 Standby mode In the “Standby” mode under “Auto” operation all the units of both Trains will be in “Standby”.

When in “Standby” mode under “Auto” system will go to “Service” based on Demin Water Storage Tank level. Under “Semi-Auto” mode operation operator will have to initiate based on the requirements.

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3.1 Operating Philosophy

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The following events will happen when the Demin reaches high level or upon an Abnormal Trip condition while under “Auto” operation: 1. Feed water Pump will stop. 2. All the units in train in “Service” will go into “Standby”.

3.1.1.1.2 Service mode In “Service” mode Lead Train will be in service, corresponding units will be in service. The WTS effluent flow for “Service” mode will be 35.6 m3/hr.

Permissives for WTS to go into Service into “Service” mode from “Standby” mode:

Demin Storage Tank Level alarm Low At least one Feed water Pumps in “Auto” All the Units in at least one Train in “Standby”.

If all the above permissive are met, then the following events will sequence when demin storage tank falls to low level with System in “Auto” mode: 1. All the Units in Lead Train will have “Service Pending” displayed 2. Lead Feed water Pump will start 3. ACF in Lead Train will go into “Pre-service Rinse” 4. ACF in Lead Train completes “Pre-service Rinse” and goes into “Service” 5. SAC/SBA in Lead Train will go into “Pre-service Rinse” 6. SAC/SBA in Lead Train completes “Pre-service Rinse” and goes into “Service” 7. Corresponding MB will go into “Pre-service Rinse”. 8. MB unit completes “Pre-service Rinse” and goes into “Service”

Any of the following abnormal alarms will trip the WTS from “Service” mode into “Standby” mode: ♦ Any unit in train throughput alarm high and all the units in other Train not in “Standby” ♦ Anion unit in train effluent conductivity Alarm High and all the units in other Train not in “Standby” ♦ Any unit in train in “Service” reaches high throughput and all the units in other Train not in “Standby” ♦ MB in train in “Service” conductivity alarm high and all the units in other Train not in “Standby” Permissives for the Lead unit from “Service” mode into “Standby” mode and Lag unit from “Standby” mode into “Service” mode: ♦ Any unit of Lead Train throughput alarm high and all the units in Lag Train in “Standby” ♦ Any unit of train in “Service” reaches high throughput and all the units of other Train in “Standby” ♦ MB in “Service” reaches high throughput and all the units of other Lag Train in “Standby”

If all the above permissive are met, then the following events will sequence when demin storage tank level is low with System in “Auto” mode and Lead unit in “Service” mode:

1. All the units in Lag Train will have “Service Pending” displayed 2. Lag Feed water Pump will start 3. ACF of Lag Train will go into “Pre-service Rinse” 4. ACF of Lag Train completes “Pre-service Rinse” and goes into “Service” 5. SAC/SBA of Lag Train will go into “Pre-service Rinse” 6. SAC/SBA of Lag Train completes “Pre-service Rinse” and goes into “Service”

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3.1 Operating Philosophy

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7. Corresponding MB will go into “Pre-service Rinse”. 8. MB unit completes “Pre-service Rinse” and goes into “Service” 9. Lead unit goes to “Standby”

3.1.1.2 WTS “Semi-auto” Operation If in “Semi-auto” operation the WTS will come into “Service” on operator initiation of individual unit’s service buttons. When the Demin Storage Tank level rises above the high level set point, “Semi-auto” operation will go into “Standby” mode. If the operator presses “Standby” button at any time before the level reaches high set point, the WTS units will go to “Standby” mode and system will wait for operator to press the appropriate “Service” buttons. Operator will have to select Mixed Bed first for service followed by SAC/SBA unit and last ACF unit

If any of following conditions is true PLC will take WTS from “Service” mode to “Standby” Mode: ♦ Feed water Pumps unavailable ♦ Demin Tank Level Alarm High ♦ Any unit in train throughput alarm high ♦ Anion unit in “Service” effluent conductivity Alarm High ♦ Any unit in train in “Service” reaches high throughput ♦ MB in train in “Service” conductivity alarm high WTS “STANDBY” mode: In the “Standby” mode all the units in both Trains will be in “Standby”. “Standby” mode in “Semi-auto” operation differs from “Standby” mode in “Auto” operation in that demineralizer equipment will remain in “Standby” during “Semi-auto” operation till operator changes the mode.

The following events will happen when operator presses “Standby” button or when the Demin reaches high level or upon an Abnormal Trip condition while in “Service” mode: 1. Feed water Pump will stop 2. All the individual units in train in “Service” will go to “Standby” Note: When pressing “Standby” mode button, all the individual units in Train(s) in “Service” will go into “Standby”. To select an individual unit for “Off-line” status the operator must press that individual unit’s “Off-line” button.

“Service” in “Semi-auto” operation: In “Service” mode one (1) Train (with Corresponding units) will be in service. The WTS effluent flow for “Service” mode will be 35.6 m3/h normal. The “Service” HMI buttons for individual units can only be selected if the WTS operation is in “Semi-auto”.

Permissives for WTS to go to “Service” from “Standby” mode in “Semi-auto” operation:

Operator presses the appropriate “Service” buttons for individual units Demin Storage Tank Level below high level set point At least one (1) Feed water Pump in “Auto” All the units of at least one (1) Train in “Standby”

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3.1.1.3 WTS Lead / Lag control

In Auto “Service” mode the PLC will always select the lead Train for “Service”. If the operator wishes to choose any particular Train to go into service, “Semi-auto” operation must be selected and individual units of one Train be put into “Service Pending” status.

The lead Train will be the train in “Standby”, “Pre-service Rinse”, or “Service” with the greatest flow throughput. The lag Train will be the remaining Train. If a Train has the higher flow throughput but is in either “Regen Required” or “Regen Pending” or “Regen”, the other Train will be the lead Train. If both Trains have the same gallons throughput Train “1” will be lead Train and Train “2” will be lag train by default. If the operator requires that the lag Train to go into into “Service” he must go into “Semi-auto” operation and select the “Off-line” button for the lead Train or select the “Off-line” button for the Train of lead Train. The lag Train will then become the lead Train. 3.1.1.4 Loss of Instrument Air or Control Power On loss of utility power to the Aquatech Control Panel for Demin Water system – only lighting, fan, & utility receptacle would be lost to the Control Panel. There will be no affect on controls. On loss of control power Aquatech Control Panel for Demin Water system, power will be lost to the PLC power supplies and therefore also the PLC input/output modules. The back planes of PLC racks of which the PLC modules connect into would no longer supply power to the PLC. All air-to-open/air-to-close (AO/AC) valves would close. All air-to-open/spring-to-close (AO/SC) valves would spring closed. All air to close /spring to open (AC/SO) valves would spring open. All control valves with I-P (Current to Pressure) positioners are controlled by 4 to 20 mA from PLC analog output modules. On loss of control power the analog outputs to positioners will have 4 mA outputs and therefore the control valves will go to a closed position. Upon low of instrument air the WTS: All air-to-open/air-to-close (AO/AC) valves would close. All air-to-open/spring-to-close (AO/SC) valves would spring closed. All air to close /spring to open (AC/SO) valves would spring open. All control valves with I-P (Current to Pressure) positioners are controlled by 4 to 20 mA from PLC analog output modules. On loss of control power the analog outputs to positioners will have 4 mA outputs and therefore the control valves will go to a closed position. The operator should then do the needful to restore instrument air pressure above 80 PSIG. 3.1.2 Feed water Pumps There are three (3) x 100% Feed water Pumps provided to pump raw water to the Activated Carbon filters for service and rinsing during normal operation. Also provide raw water for backwash (64 m3/hr). These are centrifugal pumps each with a capacity of 36 m3/h at 6.8 barg normal operating pressure.

Permissive for Feed water Pump to start in either “Auto” or “Manual” at HMI: Emergency stop push-button (ES) not pressed in the Local Panel. Raw Water Tank Level Alarm Low () does not exist

Lead Feed water Pump will start in “Auto” upon any of the following conditions: - Either Train in “Pre-service Rinse” - Either Train in “Service” - Either Train in “Service for Regen” - Either Train in “ACF Fill” and not in ACF “Cleaning Shutdown” - Either Train in “ACF Backwash” and not in ACF “Cleaning Shutdown”

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- Either Train in “ACF Fast Rinse” and not in ACF “Cleaning Shutdown” - Either Train in “Cation Fast Rinse” and not in Train “Regen Shutdown” - Either Train in “Anion Fast Rinse” and not in Train “Regen Shutdown”

If none of the above conditions are true, lead pump will no longer have an “Auto” start and will therefore stop.

Running Feed water Pump will trip under any of the following conditions: ♦ Emergency stop push-button (ES) pressed in at the Local Panel. ♦ Raw Water Tank Level Alarm Low-Low () ♦ Operator selects pump’s “Stop” button with pump in “Manual”

“Feed water Pump Unavailable Alarm” will occur when a pump is needed to “Auto” start and any of the following conditions is true: ♦ Both the Feed water Pumps are “Failed” ♦ Both the Feed water Pumps are in “Manual” ♦ One Feed water Pump is “Failed “and the other is in “Manual”

Refer to Rotating Equipment Control Philosophy section for description of the HMI control buttons, status indication and lead/ lag operation of the pumps. 3.1.3 Activated Carbon Filters (UNIT# 1/2) There are two x 100 % activated carbon filters with a net service flow capacity of min 35.6 m3/h each is provided to filter raw water. Filtered water is used as feed for Strong acid cation units.

Activated carbon filters are provided with the following push buttons in the operator interface unit. OFFLINE STANDBY SERVICE CLEANING REQUEST

Activated Carbon filters will operate in the following operating status: 1.) OFFLINE 2.) STANDBY 3.) PRE SERVICE RINSE 4.) SERVICE 5.) CLEANING REQUIRED 6.) CLEANING PENDING 7.) CLEANING 8.) CLEANING COMPLETE

OFFLINE This is provided for maintenance purposes. If the Filter is placed in OFFLINE status, then this Filter will not be considered for regular operation.

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Under following conditions, a Filter can be placed in Offline:

Filter must be in standby and should be in Semi Auto mode. Operator presses the OFFLINE button.

Filter in OFFLINE status can be got out of this status by placing that Filter in Standby. This is accomplished by pressing the STANDBY button in the Semi auto mode. STANDBY In this status, Filter is ready to go to any other status as required. The Filter is available for operation.

Under following conditions, a Filter can be placed in Standby:

In semi Auto mode, operator presses STANDBY button while the Filter is in Service or cleaning pending.

In Auto mode, system logic will decide this status based on the permissive and trip conditions. Once Filter completes its cleaning cycle, then it comes automatically to standby condition.

Activated Carbon Filter in Standby status can be placed in other status by pressing their respective buttons. This can be done in Semi auto mode. PRESERVICE RINSE In this status, the filter is ready to go to service. This is an intermediate status condition. Prior to going to Service, all the stagnant water in the Filter is rinsed out to waste. This operation ensures that good quality water reaches the Down stream system.

Under following conditions, a filter can be placed in Preservice rinse: In semi auto mode, once the downstream systems are ready for service, the filter that is initiated to

go to service by the operator will go to service. If all the two filters are in standby, based on the SAC/SBA in Service pending, once the operator presses the service button on the corresponding filter, a filter will go to preservice rinse.

In the auto mode, based on the requirement, a filter will go to Preservice rinse. Filter must be in standby status for this. If SAC/SBA of train-1 is in Service pending, then filter unit# 1 will go to preservice rinse.

Filter must go through its timed pre Service Rinse prior to going to Service. Filter in Pre service rinse can be placed in standby by pressing the Standby button in the Semi auto mode. SERVICE: During this operating status, Filter in Service, produces filtered water, which is the product. Under following conditions, Filter can be placed in Service:

Filter Pre service rinse is complete Corresponding SAC/SBA in “Service Pending”

SERVICE FOR REGEN:

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During this operating status, Filter is in Service without Pre-Service Rinse, produces filtered water, which is used in either SAC/SBA unit Regen steps or Mixed Bed unit Regen steps . Under following conditions, Filter will be in Service for Regen:

Corresponding SAC/SBA unit in Regen “Rinse” step Corresponding Mixed Bed unit in Regen “Fill” or “Rinse” step.

Filter in “Service for Regen” will come out of service and go to “Standby” once there is no requirement or the Regen steps are complete. CLEANING REQUIRED: Following conditions will place Filter in cleaning required status:

Service hours High

In Semi Auto mode, if the Filter in Service requires cleaning, an alarm will be annunciated with reason and the filter will remain in service. Operator should then place the standby train in to service. On confirmation that the next Train is in service, the filter requiring cleaning can then be placed in to standby by pressing the standby button and then placed in to cleaning pending by pressing the cleaning request button. This is to ensure that continuous demin supply is available. In Auto mode, on occurrence of cleaning required condition, the Lag train will go to Service after completing required “Pre-Service Rinse”. Then the train who’s filter requiring cleaning will come out of service and the filter will go to cleaning if all cleaning permissive are satisfied. CLEANING PENDING: Cleaning pending is an intermediate status that will provide opportunity for checking the permissives for starting the Cleaning for a media Filter.

Under following conditions, Filter can be placed in cleaning pending: In Semi Auto Mode, if a filter is in standby or cleaning required, operator can press the Cleaning

Request button. In Auto mode, once the Filter achieves cleaning required status, will go in to cleaning pending

status automatically after the Lag train goes to service and the Lead train goes to standby. Other media filter should not be in cleaning or cleaning pending.

A cleaning pending filter, if was placed in cleaning pending without any requirement of cleaning, can be placed in to Standby in Semi auto mode by pressing the Standby button. CLEANING: When the cleaning required condition has occurred, Filter needs to be taken out of Service and cleaned. This is to remove all filtered suspended material and bring the Filter back to its normal condition.

Permissive for an Activated carbon Filter to go in to cleaning

Filter in Cleaning Pending status Other filter should not be in cleaning or cleaning pending. Feed water pumps available Raw water storage tank level not LOW

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Following steps are involved in cleaning a Activated Carbon Filter:

1. Backwash:

During this step, water at a higher flow rate is passed through the filter bed of Filter in a direction opposite to the Service flow direction. This will remove all suspended particulate and fines from the filter media and also will help in re classifying the filter media.

2. Settle:

Filter in this step is practically not doing any activity. This is to allow the filter to settle after the turbulent backwash previously.

3. Final Rinse: Once the Filter is settled, Influent water at Service flow rate is passed through the Filter to rinse of any dirty water in the Filters and bring it back to its normal condition.

Please refer to the Sequence of Operation charts for the corresponding valve, pump sequences in each of this step and the time period for each of these steps. Following cleaning control buttons are provided:

Cleaning Auto Cleaning Semi Auto Cleaning Start Cleaning Shut Down Cleaning Step Advance Cleaning Resume

Cleaning Auto: This button places the cleaning in Auto mode. In Auto mode the cleaning steps are automatically stepped based on the preset time once the cleaning is started. Cleaning Semi Auto: This button places the Cleaning in Semi Auto mode. In this mode, once the cleaning is started, operator needs to step advance to the next step of cleaning by pressing the Cleaning step advance button. System does not automatically step through the cleaning sequence. Cleaning Start: This button is provided to Start the Cleaning of the filter if in Semi Auto mode. Operator after ensuring all the Cleaning permissives are satisfied will press this button to start the cleaning. Once in cleaning, this button is de activated

Cleaning Shutdown: By pressing this button, operator can place a cleaning in Shut down. All the valves and pumps will be shut off and the step time will remain frozen at the same time during which Shutdown condition occurred.

Cleaning Shutdown can occur automatically based on the following conditions; ♦ Feed water storage tank level LOW LOW

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♦ Backwash flow high or low (signal from customer) ♦ Feed water pumps unavailable. Cleaning Step Advance: This button is available for operation only if the Cleaning is in Semi Auto mode. By pressing this button operator can move forward from one step of cleaning to the next step. Cleaning Resume: This button is available for operation only if the Cleaning goes to shutdown. Operator can press this button to continue the cleaning after the Shutdown condition occurrence. Cleaning will resume from where it stopped during the occurrence of Shutdown condition. CLEANING COMPLETE: This status informs the operator that the cleaning has been successfully completed and that the filter is ready for its next service cycle 3.1.4 Strong Acid Cations (UNIT# 1/2) / Strong Base Anions (UNIT# 1/2) Two (2) 100% strong acid cations are provided for de-cationizing the raw water from others. The effluent from the cation unit-1 is piped directly to anion unit-1 and effluent from the cation unit-2 is piped directly to anion unit-2. The effluent from the anion unit-1 is piped directly to Mixed Bed unit-1 and effluent from the anion unit-2 is piped directly to Mixed Bed unit-2.

Each of the SAC/SBA units will display one and only one of the following status on the HMI: 0. OFFLINE 1. STANDBY 2. SERVICE PENDING 3. PRE-SERVICE RINSE 4. SERVICE 5. REGEN REQUIRED 6. REGEN PENDING 7. REGEN 8. REGEN COMPLETE 9. SERVICE “HOLD”

Following HMI control buttons are provided for operator use for each of SAC/SBA units:

OFFLINE STANDBY SERVICE RESET – resets either “Service Pending” or “Regen Pending” status REGEN REQUEST

SAC/SBA “Off-line”: This is provided for maintenance purposes. If a SAC/SBA unit is placed in “Off-line” status, then this SAC/SBA unit will not be considered for regular operation.

Permissive for placing a SAC/SBA unit in “Off-line” from “Standby”: WTS in “Semi-Auto” operation. Operator presses the respective SAC/SBA units “Off-line” button.

SAC/SBA unit “Standby”: In this status, SAC/SBA unit is available to go into either “Pre-service Rinse” or “Cleaning Pending” or “Off-line”. The SAC/SBA unit is available for operation in “Standby”.

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Conditions that cause the lead SAC/SBA unit in “Service” to go to “Standby”: • In WTS “Semi-auto” mode when operator selects “STANDBY” mode button. • Demin Storage Tank level rises above the high level set point . ♦ Any abnormal WTS alarm that takes “Auto” operation from “Service” mode to “Standby” mode. ♦ Any abnormal WTS alarm that takes “Semi-auto” operation into “Standby” Additional conditions whereby a SAC/SBA unit will go into “Standby”

After a SAC/SBA unit completes regeneration, Train will go directly from “Fast Rinse” to “Standby”. On the HMI “Regen complete” will be displayed for this SAC/SBA unit.

SAC/SBA unit “Service Pending”: In this status, SAC/SBA unit is ready to go to “Pre-service Rinse”. SAC/SBA unit will wait in “Service Pending” until Feed water Pump is available and corresponding Activated Carbon filter unit is in “Service”.

Note: All permissive listed in Section 3.1.1 for WTS to go from “Standby” mode into “Service” mode under “Auto” operation be satisfied for a SAC/SBA unit to go from “Standby” to “Service Pending” in “Auto” Operation.

Conditions that will cause a lead SAC/SBA unit to go to “Service Pending” from “Standby”: • In WTS “Semi-auto” mode, when operator selects Lead Train’s “Service” HMI button • In “Semi-auto” mode corresponding lead MB unit is in “Service Pending”. • In WTS “Auto” operation when Demineralized Water Storage Tank (1DW-TK-0210) level fall below

low set point. Conditions that will cause a lag SAC/SBA unit to go to “Service Pending” from “Standby”: • In WTS “Semi-auto” mode, when operator selects the Lag Train’s “Service” button • In “Semi-auto” mode corresponding lag MB unit is in “Service Pending”. • In WTS “Auto” operation Lead Train in “Service” mode, when Demineralized Water Storage Tank

(XXX) level fall below low set point and any individual unit in lead train throughput High.

SAC/SBA unit “Pre-service Rinse”: This is an intermediate status condition between “Service Pending” and “Service”. In SAC/SBA unit “Pre-service Rinse” all the stagnant water in the SAC/SBA unit is rinsed out to the neutralization tank. This ensures that good quality water reaches the down stream mixed bed units.

Permissive for lead SAC/SBA unit to go to “Pre-service Rinse” from “Service Pending” in WTS “Semi-auto” :

Corresponding downstream MB in “Service Pending” Corresponding upstream ACF in “Service”.

Permissives for lag SAC/SBA unit to go to “Pre-service Rinse” from “Service Pending” in WTS “Semi-auto”:

Corresponding downstream MB in “Service Pending” Corresponding ACF in “Service”.

Permissives for lead SAC/SBA unit to go to “Pre-service Rinse” from “Service Pending” in WTS “Auto” mode:

At least one Feed water Pump in “Auto” Raw Water Storage Tank above the low level set point All the units in the Lead train in “Standby”.

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Permissives for lag SAC/SBA unit to go to “Pre-service Rinse” from “Service Pending” in WTS “Auto” mode:

At least one Feed water Pump in “Auto” Raw Water Storage Tank above the low level set point Lag ACF in “Service” Lag Mixed bed in “Service Pending”.

SAC/SBA unit “Service”: During this operating status, SAC/SBA unit in “Service” produces demineralized water to the corresponding MB unit.

Permissive for lead SAC/SBA unit to go to “Service” from “Pre-service Rinse” in WTS “Semi-auto” mode:

Corresponding downstream MB in “Service Pending” Anion bed’s effluent conductivity is below the high set point for 45 continuous seconds.

Permissives for lag SAC/SBA unit to go to “Service” from “Pre-service Rinse” in WTS “Semi-auto” mode:

Corresponding downstream MB in “Service Pending” Anion bed’s effluent conductivity is below the high set point for 45 continuous seconds.

Permissive for lead SAC/SBA unit to go to “Service” from “Pre-service Rinse” in WTS “Auto” mode:

Corresponding MB is in “Service Pending” Anion bed’s effluent conductivity is below the high set point for 45 continuous seconds.

Permissive for lag SAC/SBA unit to go to “Service” from “Pre-service Rinse” in WTS “Auto” mode:

Lead Train in “Service” and unit needs Regeneration or Cleaning. Lag Anion bed’s effluent conductivity is below the high set point for 45 continuous seconds.

If the WTS is in “Semi-auto” mode, operator can put lead SAC/SBA unit into “Standby” by selecting the “Standby” mode button. This will also place all units in this unit into “Standby”. In WTS “Auto” mode and the lead SAC/SBA unit in “Service” has reached high throughput, the lag Train will go into “Pre-service Rinse”. When the lag Train completes “Pre-service Rinse” and is in “Service”, all the units in the lead train will go to “Standby” mode. SAC/SBA unit with high throughput will go to “Regen Required.” All valves will be closed for a Train in “Regen Required”. SAC/SBA UNIT SERVICE FOR REGEN: During this operating status, SAC/SAB unit is in Service without Pre-Service Rinse, produces de-ionized water, which is used in Mixed Bed unit Regen steps. Under following conditions, SAC/SBA unit will be in Service for Regen:

Corresponding ACF unit in “ Service for Regen” step Corresponding Mixed Bed unit in Regen “Fill” or “Rinse” step.

SAC/SBA unit in “Service for Regen” will come out of service and go to “Standby” once there is no requirement or the Regen steps are complete. SAC/SBA unit “Regen Required”:

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When a SAC/SBA unit reaches high throughput and goes to “Regen Required” and Corresponding Train will not be allowed to go into “Service”. “Regen required” will be displayed until operator place unit into “Regen”. In WTS “Semi-auto” mode, a SAC/SBA unit in “Service” will go into “Regen Required” and an alarm occurs. To acknowledge the operator should select the “Service” button for the lag Demin Train. When lag Train completes “Pre-service Rinse” and is in “Service” operator can put the Lead Train in “Standby“ and press “Regen Request” button for the SAC/SBA unit with “Regen Required”. In WTS “Auto” mode and the lead Train in “Service” and SAC/SBA unit has reached high throughput, the other Train will become lead and will automatically go through “Service” sequence. When the “new” lead Train completes “Pre-service Rinse” and is in “Service”, the Lag Train goes to “Standby” and the SAC/SBA unit with high throughput will go to “Regen Required”. If “SAC/SAB Regen Initiation” is in “Auto”, SAC/SBA unit with high throughput alarm will go directly into “Regen” if all permissive are met. If “SAC/SBA Regen Initiation” is in “Semi-Auto”, SAC/SBA with high throughput alarm will stay in “Regen required” till operator initiates the “Regen”. If all the permissives are met and operator Press “Regen Start” button the unit will go to “Regen”. SAC/SBA “Regen Pending”: SAC/SBA unit “Regen Pending” is an intermediate status between “Regen Required” and “Regen” or between “Standby” and “Regen” in which all the permissive for starting the regen must be satisfied.

Permissive for operator to place a SAC/SBA in “Regen Pending”. Other SAC/SBA unit should NOT be in “Regen Pending”. Neither MB should be in “Regen” or “Regen Pending”. The Corresponding Train is in “Semi-Auto” mode.

If these conditions are satisfied, operator can put a SAC/SBA unit into “Regen Pending” by selecting that unit’s “Regen Request” button. Note that “Regen Required” being displayed is not necessary for a regen to be requested. Operator can decide to regenerate a SAC/SBA unit before reaching high throughput. SAC/SBA “Regen”: When SAC/SBA “Regen Required” condition has occurred, That Train needs to be taken out of Service and SAC/SBA unit regenerated. This is to bring the SAC/SBA unit to the required form - Hydrogen (H+) for cation resin in the Cation unit and Hydroxide (OH-) for the strong anion resin in the Anion unit

Permissive for a SAC/SBA unit to go in to “Regen” from “Regen Pending”: Other SAC/SBA unit can not be in “Regen” Neither Mixed bed can be in “Regen” At least one Acid Regeneration Pump in “Auto” Sulfuric Acid Storage Tank level low-low signal does not exist At least one Caustic Regeneration Pump in “Auto” Caustic Bulk Storage Tank level low signal does not exist Neutralization Tank Level Alarm High signal from DCS does not exist Demineralized Water Storage Tank level not low Neutralization not in progress signal from DCS

Only if all the above conditions are met, a SAC/SBA can go in to regeneration, otherwise system will alarm that Regen conditions are not met and missing criteria will be displayed on the HMI.

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Following steps are involved in regenerating a SAC/SBA unit: Reference document P-00101-PD-PCE-sequenceofoperations-C for details on the valves that are open and pumps that are running for each particular step. 1.) Cation Standby / Anion Compaction: During this step, demineralized water from the dilution water pump is passed at a higher velocity and higher flow rate through the Anion vessel entering from the bottom of the vessel. Flow rate will controlled by dilution water inlet valve (1DW-AV-807) on the caustic regeneration skid. All the anion resins are compacted against the top strainer plate. Inert resin has been provided to prevent loss of any anion resin during the compaction. It is very important to ensure that compaction happens properly in order to get an efficient regeneration. Cation vessel remains in standby condition during this step. 2.) Cation Compaction / Anion Preinject During this step, the anion resins that are compacted in the previous step are kept in the same compacted position. Demin water flow rate at around 12.5 m3/hr is passed through the resin to hold the resin in place prior to injection of chemical. At the same time, demineralized water from the dilution water pump is passed at a higher velocity and higher flow rate through the cation vessel from the bottom of the vessel. Flow rate is controlled by water inlet control valve (1DW-FV-707) on the acid regeneration skid. All the cation resins are compacted against the Top strainer plate. Inert resin has been provided to prevent loss of any cation resin during the compaction. It is very important to ensure that compaction happens properly in order to get an efficient regeneration. 3.) Cation Acid Injection (1.5%) / Anion Caustic Injection (4.0%): During this step, the cation resins that are compacted during the last step is kept in the same position but at a lower flow rate. At the same time, sulfuric acid is added to this dilution water to make 1.5 % concentration of sulfuric acid. This acid injection will regenerate the resin to bring it back to H form. In the anion vessel, while the water flow continues, caustic is added to bring the concentration of caustic after dilution to 4.0% for regenerating the anion resin. This will bring the anion resins back to OH form. 4.) Cation Acid Injection (3.0%) / Anion Caustic Injection (4.0%): The acid injection is continued as in the last step while the concentration is increased to 3%. At the same time anion resin caustic injection is continued as in the last step. 5.) Cation Acid Injection (4.5%) / Anion Displacement: The acid injection is continued as in the last step while the concentration is increased to 4.5% During this step caustic injection is stopped but the demineralized dilution water will continue at the same flow. This is to displace the spent chemical during injection. This happens at a low velocity 6.) Cation Acid Displacement / Anion Caustic Displacement: During this step acid injection is stopped but the demineralized dilution water will continue at the same flow. This is to displace the spent chemical during injection. and in the anion vessel continue as the previous step. 7.) Cation Settle / Anion Displacement: During this step the dilution water for displacement of acid is stopped in the cation and the vessel is allowed to settle. By this, all cation resins that were compacted will fall down and will settle down. Anion caustic displacement continues in the anion vessel. 8.) Cation Rinse / Anion Settle: During this step the cation resin is rinsed at a higher velocity using the Service water to remove any left over chemical. Anion continues to settle as in the previous step.

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9.) Cation Service / Anion Rinse During this step, cation vessel goes to service and this de-cationized water is used to rinse the anion resin at higher velocity. Raw water will be used for this step. Following regeneration HMI control buttons are provided common to both SAC/SBA units: • SAC/SBA Regen (Initiation) Auto • SAC/SBA Regen (Initiation) Semi-auto • SAC/SBA Regen Start • SAC/SBA Regen Normal • SAC/SBA n Regen Prolong • SAC/SBA Regen Step Advance • SAC/SBA Regen Hold • SAC/SBA Regen Resume • SAC/SBA Regen Shutdown • SAC/SBA Regen Revert

SAC/SBA Regen “Normal”: This button places the Regen in “Normal” mode. In “Normal” mode the regeneration sequence proceeds from one step to the next based on the preset time in minutes shown on the “SAC/SBA Regeneration” on the HMI.

SAC/SBA Regen (Initiation) “Semi-Auto”: This button puts SAC/SBA units into “Regen Semi-auto” mode. Operator must press “Regen Request” for the SAC/SBA unit that operator wishes to regenerate. After “Regen Pending” is displayed operator must press the SAC/SBA Regen “Start” button to start the first step of regeneration sequence.

SAC/SBA Regen Start: This button is provided to Start the Regen of a SAC/SBA unit. Operator after ensuring all the Regen Permissive is satisfied will press this button to start the Regen. Once in Regen, this button is de activated

SAC/SBA Regen (Initiation) “Auto”: This button puts SAC/SBA unit into “SAC/SBA Regen Auto” mode. In this mode a SAC/SBA unit with high throughput will sequence from “Regen Required” to “Regen Pending” when permissive are met and from “Regen Pending” to “Regen” when permissive are met. The operator will not be required to press either the SAC/SBA unit’s “Regen Request” button or the “SAC/SBA Regen Start” button.

SAC/SBA Regen “Prolong”: This button places the Regen in Prolong mode. In this mode, once the Regen is started, operator needs to step advance to the next step of Regen by pressing the Regen step advance button. System does not automatically step through the Regen sequence.

SAC/SBA Regen “Step Advance”: This button is available for operation only if the Regen is in “Prolong” mode. By pressing this button operator can move forward from one step of Regen to the next step.

SAC/SBA Regen Hold: By pressing this button, operator can place a Regen in HOLD. This button will be active during the chemical injection steps only. During HOLD condition, all acid chemical valves will close and acid regeneration pumps will stop, but the dilution water valve and pumps will continue to be open/ running for a period of 15 minutes after the occurrence of the HOLD condition. Step time will remain frozen at

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the same time during which HOLD occurred. If within this 15 minutes, the condition causing HOLD is not resolved, then the Regen will be SHUTDOWN. All the valves and pumps will be shut off.

SAC/SBA Regen Hold can occur automatically based on the following conditions; ♦ Acid dilution water Flow Alarm Low (1DW-FAL-0701) ♦ Acid dilution water Flow Alarm High (1DW-FAH-0701) ♦ Dilute acid Concentration Alarm Low (1DW-AAL-0701) ♦ Dilute acid Concentration Alarm High (1DW-AAH-0701) ♦ Caustic dilution water Flow Alarms Low (1DW-FAL-0801) ♦ Caustic dilution water Flow Alarm High (1DW-FAH-0801) ♦ Dilute caustic Concentration Alarm High (1DW-AAH-0801) ♦ Dilute caustic Concentration Alarm Low (1DW-AAL-0801) SAC/SBA Regen “Resume” button: This button is available for operation only if the Regen goes to Hold or Shutdown. Operator can press this button to continue the Regen after the Hold or Shutdown condition occurrence. Regen will resume from where it stopped during the occurrence of Hold or Shutdown condition.

SAC/SBA Regen “Shutdown”: By pressing this button, operator can place a Regen in Shut Down. All the valves and pumps will be shut off and the step time will remain frozen at the same time during which hold condition occurred.

SAC/SBA Regen “Shutdown” will occur automatically under any of the following conditions: ♦ Neutralization Tank level alarm high-high ♦ Demin Storage Tank level alarm low-low during “Acid Injection” or “Acid Displacement” or

“Caustic Injection” or “Caustic Displacement”. ♦ Acid Level Low Low alarm during “Acid Injection” step. ♦ Acid dosing pumps not available or “Fail” during “Acid Injection” Step. ♦ Caustic Level Low Low alarm during “Caustic Injection” step. ♦ Caustic dosing pumps not available or “Fail” during “Caustic Injection” Step. ♦ Feed water Pumps unavailable in “Rinse” steps. ♦ Corresponding ACF not in “Service for Regen” in “Rinse” steps. SAC/SBA Regen “Revert” button: This button is required for Regen sequence to revert back to “Anion Compaction” (step 1) if a “Regen Shutdown” should occur at any time during step 1.) “Cation Standby/ Anion Compaction” through step 8.) “Cation Settle/ Anion Displacement”. This button will only be enabled when a SAC/SBA unit Regen sequence is in one of these sequence steps and in “Regen Shutdown” stays for more duration such that the compaction effect on the resins are lost.

SAC/SBA “Regen Complete”: This status informs that the regeneration has been completed and the SAC/SBA unit is fresh for next Service cycle. 3.1.5 Mixed Bed units (UNITS# 1/2) There are two (2) x 100% Mixed Beds provided for polishing the demineralized water produced upstream by SAC/SBA units. The effluent from the anion unit-1 is piped directly to Mixed Bed unit-1 and effluent from the anion unit-2 is piped directly to Mixed Bed unit-2.

Each of the Mixed Beds will display one and only one of the following status on the HMI:

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0. OFF-LINE 1. STANDBY 2. SERVICE PENDING 3. PRE-SERVICE RINSE 4. SERVICE 5. REGEN REQUIRED 6. REGEN PENDING 7. REGEN 8. REGEN COMPLETE

Following HMI control buttons are provided for operate use each of the Mixed Beds:

OFFLINE STANDBY SERVICE RESET – resets either “Service Pending” or “Regen Pending” status REGEN REQUEST

Mixed Bed “Off-line”: This is provided for maintenance purposes. If the Mixed Bed is placed in OFFLINE status, then this Mixed Bed will not be considered for regular operation.

Permissive for placing a MB in OFFINE status: MB must be in “Standby” mode. WTS must be in “Semi-auto” operation. Operator selects the “Off-line” button for the MB in “Standby”

A MB can be returned to “Standby” from “Off-line” by selecting the “Standby” button at any time. There is no permissive within the PLC to prevent operator from going from “Off-line” to “Standby”. Mixed Bed “Standby”: In this status, MB is available to go into either “Service Pending” or “Regen Pending” or Off-line”. The MB is available for operation in “Standby”.

Conditions that will cause lead MB to go into “Standby from “Service”: In WTS “Semi-auto” operation, when operator presses “STANDBY” mode button. In either WTS “Semi-auto” operation or “Auto” operation, when Demin Storage Tank level rises

above the high level set point. (WTS is interlocked with Demin Water Storage Tank level alarm high).

In WTS “Auto” operation, when operator presses “Standby” mode button. In WTS “Auto” operation, upon an abnormal system alarm listed in section 3.1.2.1 of this philosophy

that put the entire WTS into “Standby” mode. In WTS “Semi-auto” operation, after a MB completes “Regen”, MB will go into “Standby” status and

wait for its chance to go to “Service”. A MB “Standby” status can be placed in other status by pressing the respective buttons. In AUTO mode, the system logic decides the status. Mixed Bed “Service Pending”: In this status, MB unit is ready to go to “Pre-service Rinse”. MB will wait in “Service Pending” until upstream units are in “Service” after completing “Pre-Service Rinse” .

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Note: All permissive listed in section 3.1.1 for WTS to go from “Standby” to “Service” mode under “Auto” operation. All permissive listed in section 3.1.2.2 for WTS to go from “Standby” mode to “Service” mode must be satisfied for a MB to go from “Standby” to “Service Pending”. In addition to these permissive the following permissive must also be met.

Conditions for lead MB to go to “Service Pending” from “Standby” when permissives are met: • In Demin “Semi-auto” operation, operator presses “SERVICE” mode button • In Demin “Auto” operation, when in “Service” mode the lead MB will go to “Service Pending” when

the Demineralized Water Storage Tank level falls below the high set point.

Conditions for lag MB to go to “Service Pending” from “Standby” when permissives are met: • In Demin “Semi-auto” operation, operator presses “SERVICE” mode button • In Demin “Auto” operation, when Lead Train is in “Service” mode and any lead train unit has High

throughput alarm The lag MB will go to “Service Pending” if the Demineralized Water Storage Tank level falls below the high set point. Provided all the units in Lag unit are in “Standby”.

Mixed Bed “Pre-service Rinse”: This is an intermediate status condition. Prior to going to Service, all the stagnant water in the Mixed Bed is rinsed out to waste. This ensures that good quality water reaches the Down stream system. Conductivity at the Mixed Bed outlet is monitored during this step and if and only of the Conductivity is below the required set point for at least 45 seconds, then the Mixed bed will go to the next step which is Service.

Permissive for lead MB to go to “Pre-service Rinse” from “Service Pending” in WTS “Semi-auto” mode: All the upstream units are in “Service”

Permissives for lag MB to go to “Pre-service Rinse” from “Service Pending” in WTS “Semi-auto” mode:

All the upstream units are in “Service”

Permissive for lead MB to go to “Pre-service Rinse” from “Service Pending” in WTS “Auto” mode:

Lead Train in Service All the upstream units in the Train are in “Service”

Permissives for lag MB to go to “Pre-service Rinse” from “Service Pending” in WTS “Auto” mode:

Lead Train in “Service” mode and any unit in lead train have High Throughput Alarm. All the upstream units in Lag Train in “Service”

If the WTS is in “Semi-auto”, operator can press “Standby” button at any time and place the MB in “Standby” from “Pre-service Rinse”.

If the WTS is in “Auto” or “Semi-auto”, if the Demineralized Water Storage Tank level is greater than high level set point, then the stream(s) in Service will go to “Standby”, which includes the Mixed Bed. Mixed Bed “Service”: During this operating status, the MB unit(s) in Service, produce polished demineralized water of conductivity < or = 0.2 micro siemens/cm to the demineralized water storage tank,

Permissive for lead Mixed Bed to be go in to “Service” from “Pre-service Rinse”: MB effluent conductivity is below the high set point for 45 continuous seconds.

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

Page 23 of 30

Permissive for lag Mixed Bed to be go in to “Service” from “Pre-service Rinse”: All upstream units of Lag Train in “Service”. Lag MB in “Pre-service Rinse” and MB effluent conductivity is below the high set point for 45

continuous seconds. In WTS “Semi-auto” mode, operator can press “Standby” button at any time and place the Mixed Bed into “Standby” from “Service”.

In WTS “Auto” mode and the Demineralized Water Storage Tank level reaches High level, then the stream(s) in “Service” will go to “Standby”, which includes the Mixed Bed. If the Mixed Bed in service has reached its Throughput or if High Conductivity occurs, then the other Train if in Standby will come on line and the Train in Service will go to Standby with a MB Regen Required alarm. Mixed Bed REGEN REQUIRED:

Following conditions will place lead Mixed Bed in “Regen Required” from “Service”:

Lead MB Flow Total Alarm High (1DW-FQAH-0501/5022) Lead MB effluent Conductivity Alarm High (1DW-AAH-0501/501)

In WTS “Semi-auto” operation, a Mixed Bed in Service will go to Standby under the above conditions with an alarm of the condition. This will also bring the entire stream to standby. Operator needs to place the other stream in Service as required. In WTS “Auto” mode, on occurrence of “Regen Required”, Train in “Service” will go to “Standby” and before this happens will place the other Train if in Standby to Service. REGEN PENDING: “Regen Pending” is an intermediate status between “Standby” or “Regen Required” and “Regen” that will provide opportunity for checking the permissive for starting the regeneration of the Mixed Beds.

Permissive for operator placing a MB in “Regen Pending” from “Standby” or “Regen Required”: Other MB should NOT be in “Regen Pending”. Neither SAC/SBA units should be in “Regen” or “Regen Pending”. At least one Air Blower should be in Auto. No other MB can be in “Regen” At least one Acid Regen Pump in ”Auto” Sulfuric Acid Storage Tank Level Alarm Low-Low does not exist At least one Caustic Regen Pump in ”Auto” Caustic Bulk Storage Tank Level Alarm Low-Low does not exist Neutralization Tank level not high Demineralized Water Storage Tank Storage Tank level not low

If these conditions are satisfied, operator can put MB into “Regen Pending” by selecting that MB’s “Regen Request” button. Note that “Regen Required” being displayed is not necessary for a regen to be requested. Operator can decide to regenerate a MB before it reaches high throughput. This can be accomplished in the “Standby” mode. REGEN:

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

Page 24 of 30

When the Regen required condition has occurred, the Mixed bed needs to be taken out of Service and regenerated. This is to bring the Mixed resins back to the required form i.e., H for cation resin and OH for anion resin.

Permissive for a MB to go in to “Regen” from “Regen Pending”: Other MB not in “Regen”

Only if all the above conditions are met, a MB can go in to regeneration, otherwise the message “MB Regen Permissive missing” will be displayed on the HMI. Below this message the permissive(s) that are not satisfied will also be displayed. Following steps are involved in regenerating the Mixed Bed. See Aquatech document P-00101-PD-PCE-sequenceofoperations-C for sequence step presets, flow rates, automatic valve positions, and pump requirements. 1.) Mixed Bed BACKWASH The backwash water enters the vessel through the under drain and is distributed over the cross section of the vessel. The flow moves upward through the compacted resin bed. This step breaks up any compaction of the resin, washes the resin of any particulates, and begins to segregate the cation and anion resin. Freeboard is provided for expansion of the bed during backwashing. 2.) Mixed Bed SETTLE All valves are closed and the resin settles as a function of density. The cation resin, which is of greater density will settle to the bottom, and the lighter anion resin will settle on top of the cation resin. It is imperative to achieve the proper separation of cation and anion resin during this step. Failure to do so will result in poor mixed bed performance after the regeneration. 3.) Mixed Bed POWER WATER Demin water enters from the top of the resin bed and is dispersed downward through the anion resin via a dedicated distribution header. The blocking flow water enters at the vessel bottom, is distributed by the under drain strainer plate, and flows upward through the cation resin. Both flows meet at the interface between the cation and anion resin and exit the tank through the collector header. The step is to ensure flow through the bed is established. 4.) Mixed Bed 4% ACID INJECTION / 5% CAUSTIC INJECTION An acid injection of 4% concentration commences and flows through the bottom of the Mixed Bed. By this, the cation resin that is settled at the bottom of the vessel gets regenerated. A caustic injection of 4% concentration commences and flows from the top of the anion resin. By this the anion resin that is above the cation resin gets regenerated. Both these flows meet at the collector and is collected in the Neutralization tank. 5.) Mixed Bed ACID DISPLACEMENT / CAUSTIC DISPLACEMENT The acid displacement step utilizes Demineralized water to flush the dilute acid from the resin. Following the 4% acid injection step, Clean Demineralized water continues to flow and is used to purge the acid from the vessel. The caustic displacement step utilizes Demineralized water to flush the dilute caustic from the resin. This step serves to slowly purge the vessel of remaining chemical. 6.) Mixed Bed ACID DISPLACEMENT / CAUSTIC RINSE The acid displacement step continues. The Demineralized water flow through the caustic regeneration skid ceases. Service Water is used for caustic rinse at a higher velocity than the displacement. Both the acid displacement flow and the caustic rinse flow continue to exit the vessel via the collector at the resin interface. This step continues to rinse the concentrated chemicals from the resin.

Page 88: DM plant

Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

Page 25 of 30

7.) Mixed Bed DRAIN DOWN During this step water is drained from the Mixed Bed vessel to a level of approximately 12 inches above the bed. 8.) Mixed Bed AIR MIX During this step, the cation and anion resins that are in separated condition is re-mixed. 9.) Mixed Bed AIR MIX / DRAIN DOWN This step of air mixing and draining will lower the water level to approximately 2 inches below the top of the resin bed. This is to preclude any fluidity and resultant bed separation when the vessel is being refilled. 10.) Mixed Bed FILL After drain down and air mixing, the vessel needs to be filled with water again to be ready for final rinsing. Anion effluent will be used for this purpose. 11.) Mixed Bed FINAL RINSE TO WASTE This step will remove any residual chemicals from the bed. The operator will be able to adjust the time of this step. When MB effluent conductivity is less than Anion effluent conductivity of Train supplying serve water for MB rinse, the MB will go to “standby” from this step of regeneration. Following Regeneration HMI control buttons are provided common to both Mixed Beds: • MB Regen (Initiation) Semi-Auto • MB Regen (Initiation) Auto • MB Regen Normal • MB Regen Prolong • MB Regen Start • MB Regen Hold • MB Regen Shutdown • MB Regen Step Advance • MB Regen Resume

MB Regen (Initiation) SEMI-AUTO: This button puts Mixed Bed units into “Regen Semi-auto” mode. Operator must press “Regen Request” for the MB that operator wishes to regenerate. After “Regen Pending” is displayed operator can press the “MB Regen Start” button described below. MB Regen Start: This button is provided to Start the Regen of a Mixed Bed. Operator after ensuring all the Regen Permissive are satisfied will press this button to start the Regen. Once in Regen, this button is de-activated MB Regen (Initiation) AUTO: This button puts MB units into “Regen Auto” mode. In this mode a MB unit with high throughput will sequence from “Regen Required” to “Regen Pending” when permissive are met and from “Regen Pending” to “Regen” when permissives are met. The operator will not be required to press either the MB unit’s “Regen Request” button or the “MB Regen Start” button. MB Regen Normal: This button places the Regen in Normal mode. In Normal mode the Regen steps are automatically stepped based on the preset time once the Regen is started.

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

Page 26 of 30

MB Regen Prolong: This button prolongs the current regen sequence step. Regen will remain in this step unit the operator presses the “Normal” button to allow the sequence to time out to the next step. MB Regen Step Advance: This button is available for operation only if the Regen is in Normal mode. By pressing this button operator can move forward from one step of Regen to the next step.

MB Regen Shutdown: By pressing this button, operator can place a Regen in Shut Down. All the valves and pumps will be shut off and the step time will remain frozen at the same time during which shut down condition occurred.

MB Regen Shutdown will occur automatically under any of the following conditions

♦ Backwash flow alarm high ♦ Neutralization Tank Level Alarm High-High ♦ Demin Storage Tank level alarm low-low during injection or displacement steps of regen. ♦ MB Regen Hold Timer done ♦ No upstream Trains in “Service” during “Rinse”. MB Regen Hold: By pressing this button, operator can place a Regen in HOLD. This button will be active during the chemical injection steps only. During HOLD condition, all chemical valves (acid and caustic) and chemical injection pumps (acid and caustic) will be shut off but the dilution water valve and pumps will continue to be open/ running for a period of 15 minutes after the occurrence of the HOLD condition. Step time will remain frozen at the same time during which HOLD occurred. If within this 15 minutes, the condition causing HOLD is not solved, then the Regen will be SHUTDOWN. All the valves and pumps will be shut off.

MB Regen Hold will occur automatically upon any of the following alarms: ♦ Backwash Flow Alarm Low will hold the time accumulated but backwashing will continue. ♦ Dilute acid concentration Analyzing Alarm High (1DW-AAH-0701) ♦ Dilute acid concentration Analyzing Alarm Low (1DW-AAL-0701) ♦ Acid dilution water Flow Alarm High (1DW-FAH-0701) ♦ Acid dilution water Flow Alarm Low (1DW-FAL-0701) ♦ Dilute caustic concentration Analyzing Alarm High (1DW-AAH-0801) ♦ Dilute caustic concentration Analyzing Alarm Low (1DW-AAH-0801) ♦ Caustic dilution water Flow Alarm Low. (1DW-FAL-0801) ♦ Caustic dilution water Flow Alarm High (1DW-FAL-0801) ♦ Acid Regeneration Pumps unavailable ♦ Caustic Regeneration Pumps unavailable

MB Regen “Resume” button: This button is available for operation only if the Regen goes to Hold or Shutdown. Operator can press this button to continue the Regen after the Hold or Shutdown condition occurrence. Regen will resume from where it stopped during the occurrence of Hold or Shutdown condition.

Page 90: DM plant

Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

Page 27 of 30

Mixed Bed “Regen Complete”: This status informs that the regeneration has been completed and the Mixed Bed is fresh for next Service cycle. 3.1.6 Dilution Water Pumps (A/B) Two- (2) x 100% Dilution water pumps are supplied to provide dilution water during the regeneration of the SAC units, the SBA unit and the MB unit. Each pump has been sized for 56.5 m3/h capacity at 3.4 barg operating discharge pressures to meet the requirement for supplying demineralized water through Cation, Anion, and Mixed Bed Pressure vessels. Both pumps have a common minimum continuous recirculation line back to the Demin water storage tank.

Permissive for a Dilution Water Pump to start in “Auto” position at the HMI: Emergency stop pushbutton (ES) not pressed in the Local Panel. Demin Water Storage Tank Level above low level set point

Lead Dilution Water Pump will start in “Auto” under any of the following conditions: - SAC unit in “Compaction” or “Acid Inject” or “Acid Displacement” and not in “Regen Shutdown” - SBA unit in “Compaction” or “Caustic Inject” or “Caustic Displacement” and not in “Regen

Shutdown” - MB unit in “Acid/ Caustic Inject” or “Displacement” and not in “Regen Shutdown” Running Dilution Water Pump will trip of stop under any of the following conditions; ♦ Demin Water Storage Tank Level Alarm Low-Low (XXX) ♦ Emergency stop button pressed in the Local Panel.

“Dilution Water Pump Unavailable” alarm will occur for any of the following conditions: ♦ If both the pumps are in “Manual” and neither pump is running ♦ If both the pumps are “Failed” ♦ If emergency stop push-button pressed in the Local Panel.

Please refer to Rotating Equipment Control Philosophy section for description of the HMI control buttons, status indication and lead/ lag operation of the pumps. Dilution Water Pump skid Recirculation valve (AV-601): Dilution Water Pump skid has a recirculation valve (AV-601) to maintain the minimum continuous flow for a pump when the less than minimum flow is required. During the injection and displacement steps of a SBA unit “Regen” or a MB unit “Regen”, this valve has an air-to-close/ spring-to-open (Fail Open) actuator. If instrument air is lost while a dilution water pump, pump will continue to run without being deadheaded. 3.1.7 Acid Regeneration Skid (XXX) Acid regeneration system consists of a concentrated acid feed from others, two (2) x 100% Acid Regen Pumps with stroke control, and necessary valve to regenerate a cation unit or a mixed bed unit. Sulfuric acid is used in this plant. Acid is used for the regeneration of strong acid cation resin in the cation units and the mixed beds. Acid Regeneration Pumps (XXX) There are two- (2) x 100% Acid Regen pumps each of 750 LPH capacity. Each of these pumps is equipped with automatic stroke control to pump required quantity of acid to meet the concentration requirement during the regeneration.

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

Page 28 of 30

Permissive for a Acid Regeneration Pump to start in “Auto” or “Manual” from the PLC:

Emergency stop push-button (ES) not pressed in the Local Panel. Sulfuric Acid Storage Tank (TK-XXX) Level Low-Low (LSLL-0701) signal does not exist Other Acid Regeneration pump is not running. (Interlock for both pumps being started from PLC at

the same time).

Any of the following conditions for will call for the lead Acid Regeneration Pump to “Auto” start: Demin Train regeneration in an “Acid Injection” step and not in “Regen Hold” and the dilution water

flow is above the low flow set point for dilution water flow through FIT-0701. Mixed bed polisher regeneration in an “Acid Injection” step and not in “Regen Hold” and the dilution

water flow is above the low flow set point for dilution water flow through FIT-0701.

When none of the above conditions are true the pump will no longer have an “Auto” start and the pump will stop.

Following conditions will trip Acid Regeneration Pump in “Auto” or “Manual”: ♦ Emergency stop push-button (ES) not pressed in the Local Panel ♦ Sulfuric Acid Storage Tank (TK-XXX) Level Low-Low (LSLL-0701) signal exist ♦ Corresponding Pump’s HMI “Stop” button is selected.

Acid Regeneration Pump Electronic Stroke Control (SY-A/B): Stroke control on the Acid Regeneration Pumps is interlocked with the dilute acid concentration requirement during the Demin train (1.5% & 3.0%) and Mixed Bed (4.0 %) regenerations. Acid pump stroke will have the concentration requirement as the set point and the stroke will automatically be adjusted to meet the set point.

Acid system is provided with Block and Bleed inlet, outlet and drain valves in the discharge of the Acid pumps for safety. Please refer to sequence of operation charts for SAC/SBA units and Mixed Bed for these valve operations. 3.1.8 Caustic Regeneration Skid (XXX) Caustic regeneration system consists of concentrated caustic from others, two- (2) x 100% Caustic Regeneration Pumps with stroke control and a steam heat exchanger. Sodium Hydroxide (caustic soda) is used for the regeneration of weak and strong base anion resin in the Demin Train and for regeneration of strong base anion resin in the Mixed. Caustic Regeneration Pumps (A/B): There are two- (2) x 100% caustic regeneration pumps each of 870 LPH capacity. Each of these pumps is equipped with automatic stroke control to pump required quantity of caustic to meet the concentration requirement during the regeneration.

Permissive for a Caustic Regeneration Pump to start in “Auto” or “Manual” from the PLC: Emergency stop push-button (ES-A/B) not pressed in the Local Panel. Caustic Bulk Storage Tank (TK-XXX) Level Low-Low (LSLL-0801) signal does not exist Other Caustic Regeneration pump is not running. (Interlock for both pumps being started from PLC

at the same time).

Any of the following conditions for will call for the lead Caustic Regeneration Pump to “Auto” start: Demin Train regeneration sequence in an “Caustic Injection” step and not in “Regen Hold” and the

dilution water flow is above the low flow set point for dilution water flow through FIT-801.

Page 92: DM plant

Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

Page 29 of 30

MB unit regeneration sequence in an “Caustic Injection” step and not in “Regen Hold” and the dilution water flow is above the low flow set point for dilution water flow through FIT-801.

When none of the above conditions are true the pump will no longer have an “Auto” start and the

pump will stop.

Following conditions will trip Caustic Regeneration Pump in “Auto” or “Manual”: ♦ Emergency stop push-button (ES-A/B) not pressed in the Local Panel. ♦ Caustic Bulk Storage Tank (TK-XXX) Level Low-Low (LSLL-0801) signal exist ♦ Corresponding Pump’s HMI “Stop” button is selected.

Electronic Stroke Controllers (SY-A/B): Stroke control on the Caustic Feed pumps is interlocked with the concentration requirement during the Demin Train (4.0%) regeneration and Mixed Bed (5.0%) regeneration. Caustic pump strokes will have the concentration requirement as the set point and the stroke will automatically be adjusted to meet the set point. Caustic system is provided with Block and Bleed inlet, outlet and drain valves in the discharge of the Caustic pumps for safety. Please refer to sequence of operation chart for SAC/SBA units and MB units for these valve operations.

4 COMMON CONTROL PHILOSOPHIES 4.1 Rotating Equipment Control All the pumps will be operated from Operator interface unit in the control room. All chemical dosing pumps have been supplied with Emergency stop buttons locally. This safety precaution is supplied to minimize effect of chemical leaks that may occur on the pump skid or delivery piping

Redundant (100%) pumps/Blowers that have lead/lag operation are listed below • Feed water Pumps • Dilution Water Pumps • Acid Regeneration Pump • Caustic Regeneration Pumps • Mixed Bed Air Blowers.

Following HMI control buttons are supplied for each pump:

AUTO MANUAL START STOP

AUTO If a pump is in “Auto” position, then the pump will “auto” start based on process requirement. Wherever, two (2) x 100% pumps are available, pump which ran last time will not run the next time. Hence, both the

Page 93: DM plant

Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH PROJECT # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto LaCruz

3.1 Operating Philosophy

Page 30 of 30

pumps will be alternatively take it’s turn to start and run. This will insure wear on the pumps is distributed evenly. Upon control panel (PLC) power up pump-A will be the “lead” pump and the pump-B will be the “lag” pump. This is assigned by the PLC as default. MANUAL In “Manual” operator has to ensure that the down stream equipment is lined up prior to running the Pump. Only condition that will prevent the pump from starting are the level or pressure interlocks that will also be true in “Auto” position. After selecting “Manual” for a pump, “Start” button and “Stop” button are active and operator can either start or stop the pump. Pump Failed Condition: ♦ A pump that was required to start but the running feedback is not available to the PLC within 5 seconds

is considered as failed. ♦ During this condition, the pump start signal is stopped and the pump stops running. “Pump Failed”

alarm occurs to caution the operator. ♦ Pump also drops out of the “Auto” position and into “Manual”. ♦ Pump will remain in “Failed” condition until the operator presses the pump’s stop button. This will act as

a reset to clear the pump failure from the HMI.. Pump can then be placed back into “Auto”. ♦ When Lead Pump fails automatically the “Lag” pump becomes the “Lead” and will start. ♦ When both the pumps are in “Failed” condition or when both pumps are in “Manual” or when one pump

is “Failed” and other pump is in “Manual”, then “Pumps Unavailable” alarm will alert the operator. Operator is to either clear one of the pumps’ failures or select one of the pumps for “Auto”.

Following status are shown on the HMI next to each pump for operator: • Auto • Manual • Running - any running pump will be RED in color • Stopped - any stopped pump will be GREEN in color • Failed - any failed pump will be YELLOW in color

Page 94: DM plant

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

3.2 Sequence of Operations

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

Page 95: DM plant

Project: TS Power Plant ProjectLocation: Dunphy, NevadaCustomer: Fluor Corporation

Activated Carbon Filters AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATIONAIC PROJECT #: P-0066

Issue # 3Issue Date: Oct, 2005

Sequence of Operations Chart for Activated Carbon Filters

TIMEFLOW RATE

Raw Water

Required WASTE

STEP STEP DESCRIPTION min. M3 or SCFM

SEVI

(Ser

vice

Inle

t)AV

- 20

2/20

7

SEVO

(Ser

vice

Out

let)

AV-2

05/2

10

BW

I (B

ack

Was

h In

let)

AV-2

03/2

08

BW

O (B

ack

Was

h O

utle

t)AV

-201

/206

FRO

(Fas

t Rin

se O

utle

t)AV

-204

/209

Feed

wat

er P

umps

01/0

2/03 Cubic

MeterCubic Meter

5 BACKWASH 8 63.6 O O ON 509 5096 SETTLE 3 0 0 07 RINSE 15 35.6 O O ON 534 5348 STANDBY9 PRESERVICE RINSE 5 35.6 O O ON 178

10 SERVICE 35.6 O O ON1043

NOTES:1.) All times and flow rates are estimated and adjustable during start-up.2.) Caution: Care must be taken in adjustment of the backwash step to prevent loss of media.3.) O = Valve Open; ON = Motor Running; M = Modulating Valve Operating

ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER UNIT # 1/2

1 of 3

Page 96: DM plant

Fayette Energy FacilityDuke Fluor DanielAquatech Job# P-00026

SAC-SBA regen Aquatech International Corporation

DEMIN TRAIN SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONSTIME FLOW RATE SAC/SBA UNITS Caustic Regen Waste

M3/Hr Serv

ice

Inle

t)

1/

306

Se

rvic

e O

utle

t)

5/

310

O

(Was

te W

ater

A

V-t R

inse

Out

let)

4/

309

ut

e A

cid

Inle

t)

3/

308

Serv

ice

Inle

t)

1/40

6

ervi

ce O

utle

t)

5/

410

st

e W

ater

out

let)

2/40

7

t Rin

se O

utle

t)

4/40

9

e C

aust

ic In

let)

3/

408

du

ctiv

ity s

ampl

e no

id

d In

let A

V-70

1)

ed O

ut A

V-70

2)

d D

rain

AV-

703)

er V

alve

AV-

707)

id O

utle

t A

V -

5) d Pu

mp

d In

let A

V-80

1)

d O

utle

t AV-

802)

d D

rain

AV-

803)

er in

let v

alve

AV-

7)

ed p

ump

ter P

ump

ater

Pum

p on

Val

ve

601

er P

ump

Cubic

Acid Regen

STEP STEP DESCRIPTION (min.) M3/Hr cation/anion

Cat

ion

SEVI

(SA

V-30

1C

atio

n SE

VO (S

AV-

305

Cat

ion

WW

OO

utle

t)

C

atio

n FR

O (F

asA

V-30

4C

atio

n D

AI (

Dilu

AV-

303

Ani

on S

EVI (

SA

V-40

1A

nion

SEV

O (S

eA

V-40

5A

nion

WW

O (W

asA

V-40

2A

nion

FR

O (F

ast

AV-

404

Ani

on D

CI (

Dilu

teA

V-40

3A

nion

out

let c

ond

sole

n

BB

I (B

lock

Ble

ed

BB

0 (B

lock

Ble

e

BB

D (B

lock

Ble

ed

DW

I(Dilu

tion

Wat

e

DA

O (D

iltut

e A

c70

5A

cid

Feed

BB

I (B

lock

Ble

ed

BB

O (B

lock

Ble

ed

BB

D (B

lock

Ble

ed

DW

I (D

ilutio

n w

ate

807

Cau

stic

Fee

Dilu

tionW

a

Dilu

tion

Wa

Rec

ircul

ati

AV-

6

Feed

wat

e Meters

1 CATION STANDY/ANION COMPACTION 3 0.0 50.0 M ON 150.002 CATION COMPACTION/ANION PREINJECT 3 36.5 12.5 M M ON 147.003 CATION ACID 1.5% INJECT / ANION CAUSTIC 4% INJECT 16 17.0 12.5 M ON M ON ON M 472.004 CATION ACID 3.0%INJECT/ANION CAUSTIC 4% INJECT 16 17.0 12.5 M ON M ON ON M 472.006 CATION ACID 4.5% INJECT/ANION DISPLACEMENT 9 17.0 12.5 M M ON ON M 265.507 CATION ACID DISPLACEMENT/ANION CAUSTIC DISPLACEMENT 15 17.0 12.5 M M ON M 442.508 CATION SETTLE/ANION CAUSTIC DISPLACEMENT 24 0.0 12.5 M ON M 300.009 CATION RINSE/ANION CAUSTIC DISPLACEMENT 9 35.6 12.5 M ON M ON 432.90

10 CATION RINSE/ANION SETTLE 10 35.6 0.0 ON 356.0011 CATION SERVICE/ANION RINSE 19 35 6 35 6 ON 1352 8011 CATION SERVICE/ANION RINSE 19 35.6 35.6 ON 1352.8012 STANDBY 0.00

PRESERVICE RINSE 35.6 ONSERVICE 35.6 ON

TOTAL regen time 155 TOTALNOTES:1.) All times and flow rates are estimated and adjustable during start-up.2.) CAUTION: Care must be taken in adjustment of the Backwash flow to prevent loss of resin.3.) During Cation Service / Anion Rinse step, conductivity sampling solenoid to open in the last 9 minutes of the step to ensure that the Resin bed is rinsed well before measuring conductivity.4.) O = Valve Open; ON = Pump Running; M = Modulating Valve Operating5.) Compaction inlet valves for Cation and anion will close ten seconds after the compaction step for those vessels are complete to ensure smooth transition to the next step with the resin bed in compacted condition.

4390.70

6.) All the flows are based on a design basis of 40 Deg F water temperature and the flow should be adjusted based on actual water temperature

3.2 Sequence of OperationsIssue Date: Mar-22-02 2 of 3

Page 97: DM plant

Fayette Energy FacilityDuke Fluor DanielAquatech Job# P-00026

MB Regen Aquatech International Corporation

MIXED BED SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONSTIME FLOW RATE MIXED BED (typical for all Mixed beds) Acid Regen Caustic Regen Waste

STEP STEP DESCRIPTION (min.) M3/Hr up/ down In

let A

V 50

3/51

6)

Out

let A

V-51

1/52

4)

V - 5

04/5

17 )

d In

let A

V - 5

13/5

26)

h In

let A

V - 5

10/5

26)

Out

let A

V - 5

01/5

14)

Out

let A

V - 5

09/5

22)

Out

let A

V - 5

06/5

19)

et A

V - 5

12/5

25)

tlet A

V - 5

02/5

15)

tic In

let A

V - 5

05/5

18)

wn

AV

- 508

/521

)

leed

Inle

t AV

- 701

)

eed

Out

AV

- 702

)

leed

Dra

in A

V - 7

03)

Wat

er In

let

AV

- 707

)

Pum

p P

- A o

r B

cid

Out

let A

V - 7

04

leed

Inle

t AV

- 801

)

eed

Out

let A

V - 8

02)

leed

Dra

in A

V - 8

03)

Wat

er In

let A

V - 8

07)

ustic

Out

let A

V- 8

04)

Feed

Pum

p

it in

Ser

vice

ater

Pum

p (A

/B)

p re

circ

ulat

ion

valv

e A

V -6

01 mp

(1D

W-P

-1/2

/3)

M3( ) up/ down

SEVI

(Ser

vice

SEVO

(Ser

vice

FILL

(AV

DA

I (D

ilute

Aci

d

BW

I (B

ackw

ash

BW

O (B

ackw

ash

FRO

(Fas

t Rin

se

CO

LO (C

olle

ctor

AIR

I (A

ir In

l e

AIR

O (A

ir O

ut

DC

I (D

ilute

Cau

st

DD

(Dra

in D

o

BB

I (B

lock

& B

l

BB

0 (B

lock

Ble

BB

D (B

lock

& B

l

DW

I (D

ilutio

n W

Aci

d Fe

ed P

DA

O (D

ilute

Ac

BB

I (B

lock

& B

l

BB

O (B

lock

& B

l

BB

D (B

lock

& B

l

DW

I (D

ilutio

n W

DC

O (D

ilute

Cau

Cau

stic

AC

F un

i

Dilu

tion

Wa

Dilu

tion

Wat

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ump -

Feed

wat

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u

1 BACKWASH 20 5.45 0.00 yes ON2 SETTLE 10 0.00 0.003 CATION BLOCK / ANION BLOCK 5 2.30 2.30 M M ON4 4.0% ACID INJECT / 5.0% CAUSTIC INJECT 32 2.30 2.30 M ON M ON ON5 ACID DISPLACEMENT /CAUSTIC DISPLACEMENT 36 2.30 2.30 M M ON6 DRAIN DOWN 10 0.00 14.007 AIR MIX 20 94.00 0.008 AIR MIX / DRAIN DOWN 5 94.00 14.009 REFILL 15 0.00 15.00 YES ON

10 FAST RINSE 35.6 0.00 15.00 YES ON11 STAND-BY

109.00

23.00147.20165.60140.00

534.00

12 PRE-SERVICE RINSE 5 35.60 YES ON

13 SERVICE 0.00 35.60 YES ON

TOTAL 188.6NOTES:1.) All times and flow rates are estimated and adjustable during start-up.2.) CAUTION: Care must be taken in adjustment of the backwash step to prevent loss of resin.3.) conductivity sampling to commence after 15 minutes of fast rinsing in the Fast Rinse step. Fast rinse to terminate if conductivity is less than 0.1 micro siemens for more than one minute.3.) O = Valve Open; ON = Pump Running; M = Modulating Valve Operating

1296.80TOTAL

178.00

Notes:

3.2 Sequence of OperationsIssue Date: Mar-22-02 3 of 3

Page 98: DM plant

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

3.3 Alarm List

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

Page 99: DM plant

FAYETTE ENERGY CENTERDUKE FLUOR DANIEL

3.3 Alarm List Issue No.: 01Issue date: 03/26/02

1

2345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031

32333435363738394041

4243444546

47

48

49

50

5152535455

56

57

58

A B C D E F G HALARM DESCRIPTION Instrument Tag No. LOCATION of Instrument SETPOINT Eng. Units Time

DelayFeed water Pump failed 1DW-P-1/2/3 Feed water Pump skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C N/A N/A 5 sec.

Feed Water Pumps unavailable 1DW-P-1/2/3 Feed water Pump skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C N/A N/A 5 sec.ACF Unit# 1 service flow HIGH 1DW-FIT-0201 Activated Carbon Filter inlet P-00101-DW-AE- 001P2-C 37 m3/hr 30 sec.ACF Unit# 2 service flow HIGH 1DW-FIT-0202 Activated Carbon Filter inlet P-00101-DW-AE- 001P2-C 37 m3/hr 30 sec.

ACF Unit# 1/2 Flow Total (between Cleanings) HIGH 1DW-FQI-0201/ 0202 Activated Carbon Filter inlet P-00101-DW-AE- 001P2-C 890 m3 0SBA unit A/B Conductivity HIGH 1DW-AIT-00401/0402 Strong Base Anion P-00101-DW-AE- 001P4-C 5.0 micro 10 sec.

SAC/SBA unit# 1/2 "Pre-service Rinse" over-time PLC Strong Base Anion P-00101-DW-AE- 001P4-C 10 minutes NAMixed Bed Conductivity HIGH 1DW-AIT-0501/502 Mixed Bed P-00101-DW-AE- 001P5-C 0.10 uS/cm 10 sec.

Mixed Bed Backwash flow HIGH 1DW-FIT-0501/0502 Mixed Bed P-00101-DW-AE- 001P5-C 5.8 m3/hr 30 sec.Mixed Bed Backwash flow LOW 1DW-FIT-0501/0502 Mixed Bed P-00101-DW-AE- 001P5-C 5.2 m3/hr 30 sec.

Mixed Bed service flow HIGH 1DW-FIT-0501/0502 Mixed Bed P-00101-DW-AE- 001P5-C 37 m3/hr 30 sec.Mixed Bed service flow LOW 1DW-FIT-0501/0502 Mixed Bed P-00101-DW-AE- 001P5-C 34 m3/hr 30 sec.

Mixed Bed "Pre-service Rinse" over-time PLC Mixed Bed P-00101-DW-AE- 001P5-C 10 minutes NAAcid Dilution water flow to MB HIGH 1DW-FIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 2.5 m3/hr 30 sec.Acid dilution water flow to MB LOW 1DW-FIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 2.1 m3/hr 30 sec.Compaction water flow to SAC LOW 1DW-FIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 35 m3/hr 30 sec.Acid dilution water flow to SAC HIGH 1DW-FIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 18 m3/hr 30 sec.Acid dilution water flow to SAC LOW 1DW-FIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 16 m3/hr 30 sec.

Dilution Water Pumps unavailable 1DW-P-1/2 Dilution Water Pump skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P6-C N/A N/A 5Dilution Water Pump A/B failed 1DW-P-1/2 Dilution Water Pump skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P6-C N/A N/A 5

Acid Regeneration Pumps unavailable 1DW-P-1/2 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C NA NA 5 sec.Acid Regeneration Pump A/B failed 1DW-P-1/2 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C NA NA 5 sec.

Dilute Acid Concentration to SAC (step 1) HIGH 1DW-AIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 2.0 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Acid Concentration to SAC (step 1) LOW 1DW-AIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 1.0 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Acid Concentration to SAC (step 2) HIGH 1DW-AIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 3.5 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Acid Concentration to SAC (step 2) LOW 1DW-AIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 2.5 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Acid Concentration to SAC (step 3) HIGH 1DW-AIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 5.0 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Acid Concentration to SAC (step 3) LOW 1DW-AIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 4.0 % weight 30 sec.

Dilute Acid Concentration to MB Bed HIGH 1DW-AIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 4.5 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Acid Concentration to MB LOW 1DW-AIT-0701 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 3.5 % weight 30 sec.

Caustic Dilution Water Flow to SBA HIGH 1DW-FIT-0801 Caustic Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 13 m3/hr 30 sec.Caustic Dilution Water Flow to SBA LOW 1DW-FIT-0801 Caustic Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 12 m3/hr 30 sec.

Compaction Water Flow to SBA LOW 1DW-FIT-0801 Caustic Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 49 m3/hr 30 sec.Caustic Dilution Water Flow to Mixed Bed HIGH 1DW-FIT-0801 Caustic Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 37.0 m3/hr 30 sec.Caustic Dilution Water Flow to Mixed Bed LOW 1DW-FIT-0801 Caustic Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 34.0 m3/hr 30 sec.

Caustic Regeneration Pumps unavailable 1DW-P-1/2 Caustic Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C NA NA 5 sec.Caustic Regeneration Pump 1/2 failed 1DW-P-1/2 Caustic Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C NA NA 5 sec.

Dilute Caustic Concentration to SBA HIGH 1DW-AIT-0801 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 4.5 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Caustic Concentration to SBA LOW 1DW-AIT-0801 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 3.5 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Caustic Concentration to MB HIGH 1DW-AIT-0801 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 5.5 % weight 30 sec.Dilute Caustic Concentration to MB LOW 1DW-AIT-0801 Acid Regeneration skid P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 4.5 % weight 30 sec.

Sulfuric Acid StorageTank level HIGH-HIGH 1CI-LIT-701 Sulfuric Acid Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 95 % FULL 60 sec.Sulfuric Acid StorageTank level HIGH 1CI-LIT-701 Sulfuric Acid Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 90 % FULL 60 sec.Sulfuric Acid StorageTank level LOW 1CI-LIT-701 Sulfuric Acid Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 40 % FULL 60 sec.

Sulfuric Acid StorageTank level LOW-LOW 1CI-LIT-701 Sulfuric Acid Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P7-C 10 % FULL 60 sec.Demineralized Storage Tank Level

HIGH HIGHT.B.D. Demineralized Water

Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C T.B.D. inches 10 sec.

Demineralized Water Storage Tank Level HIGH

T.B.D. Demineralized Water Storage Tank

P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C T.B.D. inches 10 sec.

Demineralized Water Storage Tank Level LOW T.B.D. Demineralized Water Storage Tank

P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C T.B.D. inches 10 sec.

Demineralized Water Storage Tank Level LOW LOW T.B.D. Demineralized Water Storage Tank

P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C T.B.D. inches 10 sec.

Demineralized Water Storage Tank Level LOW LOW LOW

T.B.D. Demineralized Water Storage Tank

P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C T.B.D. inches 10 sec.

Bulk Caustic Storage Tank level LOW 1OW-LIT-0801 Bulk Caustic Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 40 % FULL 10 sec.Bulk Caustic Storage Tank level HIGH-HIGH 1OW-LIT-0802 Bulk Caustic Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 95 % FULL 10 sec.

Bulk Caustic Storage Tank level HIGH 1OW-LIT-0803 Bulk Caustic Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 90 % FULL 10 sec.Bulk Caustic Storage Tank level LOW-LOW 1OW-LIT-0804 Bulk Caustic Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P8-C 10 % FULL 10 sec.

Raw Water Storage Tank Level HIGH

T.B.D. Raw Water Storage Tank P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C T.B.D. inches 10 sec.

Raw Water Storage Tank Level LOW T.B.D. Demineralized Water Storage Tank

P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C T.B.D. inches 10 sec.

Raw Water Storage Tank Level LOW LOW T.B.D. Demineralized Water Storage Tank

P-00101-DW-AE- 001P1-C T.B.D. inches 10 sec.

P & ID REFERENCE DRAWING

1 of 1Last Printed: 6/6/2008

Page 100: DM plant

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

3.4 Trouble Shooting Guide

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

Page 101: DM plant

Project: PERI Aquatech International Corp. Customer: Global Management Partners, LLC AIC Project No.: P-00101 Location: Punta Fijo / Puerto LaCruz Page 1

3.4 Troubleshooting Guide

Page 1 of 8

INDEX

1. INTRODUCTION 2

2. ION EXCHANGER TROUBLE-SHOOTING 3

3. RESIN MAINTENANCE 5

4. RESIN CLEANING PROCEDURES 7

Page 102: DM plant

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3.4 Troubleshooting Guide

Page 2 of 8

1. INTRODUCTION This section describes some of the common problems that can occur during operation of a water treatment system and the steps an operator can take in finding their causes. Because the greatest troubleshooting tool that an operator can have is his knowledge of the system, it is recommended that he reads and be familiar with the rest of this manual prior to read this section.

Troubleshooting Tips (Mechanical/Electrical) The following list can be used as a guideline when trouble-shooting a problem.

The most helpful tool in troubleshooting problems is the operator's knowledge of normal operating conditions for the system. Then, if the system develops a problem, the

operator may notice a change in operating conditions that could help him identify the cause of the problem. Double-check the symptoms to be sure that a problem really exists. An inaccurate instrument or a temporary change in feed quality, pressure or flow can indicate a problem where none exits.

Do not overlook these simple problems: - A manual valve that was inadvertently closed or opened. - The power turned off to the control panel. - The power turned off to a pump. - Wires cut or hanging free. - Equipment damaged or missing. - Supply tank empty. - Valve solenoids manually overridden.

To troubleshoot flow blockage, examine valve positions, and investigate all the equipment in that area until the source of the blockage is found. To troubleshoot electrical problems, first identify the "control flow pattern", which is the path that the signal takes from an input device to the controller, through the controller, then from the controller to the output device. Second, investigate all the components of this "control flow pattern" until the cause of the problem is discovered. Start with the easiest and most probable components, such as the input and output modules. The following pages describe solutions to typical problems with specific equipment used in this project.

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3.4 Troubleshooting Guide

Page 3 of 8

2. ION EXCHANGER TROUBLE-SHOOTING

Problem Probable Cause Corrective Action

High Hardness

A sample taken before designed throughput is achieved which indicates a leakage of calcium ion is generally caused by improper regeneration (chemical dose, flow rates or duration). Some other causes of premature calcium ion break through are channeling, chemical fouling or fouling with foreign particulate matter.

Carry out regeneration of the WAC unit. It is important to ensure that the required acid concentration is maintained during regeneration. Carry out extensive backwash before regeneration to rid the bed of foreign particles.

High Cation Influent

Turbidity

Poor Inlet Water If high turbidity is suspected samples of service water at all influent/effluent points of multimedia filters should be taken and those samples tested for higher than normal turbidity.

Clogged Resin Trap

Fines or cracked laterals Resins, through normal use, will deteriorate and breaks up into "fines". As these fines get small enough to pass through the under-drain system they will become trapped in resin trap located at the outlet nozzle. The operator should periodically purge this resin trap by operating the ball valve provided. This ball valve arrangement is commonly referred to as the resin trap blow down. If there is high DP across the resin trap and resin leaks through to the blow down valve, it may indicate damage to the under-drain system. In this circumstance the vessel must be emptied and an inspection of the under-drain must be undertaken.

Change in Feed Water

Increase in total electrolytes of a substantial change in % Na or % Alkalinity.

Obtain new water analysis and consult Aquatech International or change plant operating parameters to suit the changed fed water.

Prolong Run Time

Flow meter inaccurate (a) worn or damaged instrument (b) slippage at low flow rates (c) out of calibration Conductivity Meter Inaccurate (a) electrodes worn (b) electrodes not receiving

Recalibrate, repair or replace as necessary. Check flow meter sizing. Recalibrate, repair or replace. Check plugging of sample pipe. Check for probes in ion exchanger bed. Check bed for channeling in the vicinity of probe.

Faulty Regen-eration

Insufficient chemical dosage. Weak regenerant strength (too little regenerant or too much dilution water). Poor distribution of regenerant. (a) faulty internal

(b) packed bed

Follow specified regeneration procedure carefully. Repair faulty equipment for packed bed, give bed an extended backwash to clean. Wash for about 30 minutes using highest rate possible without washing out ion exchange resin.

Loss of Resin

Backwash rate too high (Note that proper backwash rate varies) Surge during backwash Breakdown of resin (a) Chemical attack by oxidizing

agents (chlorine) (b) excessively high pressure or

Check flow rates and water temperature. Do not exceed flows specified by resin manufacturers with water temperature rates. Consult Aquatech in case of resin loss. Analyze resin to confirm suspected chemical attack if

Page 104: DM plant

Project: PERI Aquatech International Corp. Customer: Global Management Partners, LLC AIC Project No.: P-00101 Location: Punta Fijo / Puerto LaCruz Page 4

3.4 Troubleshooting Guide

Page 4 of 8

Problem Probable Cause Corrective Action flow rates

Upsets supporting bed or damaged under-drain (Check for resin in the effluent).

chlorine content is too high, add reducing agent (e.g. Sodium Sulfide) or otherwise removes to prevent further damage.

Fouling of Ion

Exchange Resin

Oxidized iron or manganese in Raw Water (affects cation resin) Organic matter in Raw Water (Generally affects Anion resin but Cation Units occasionally becomes fouled). Calcium / Magnesium (hardness) precipitation on cation resin.

Prevent oxidation of iron or manganese whenever possible. Air chlorine or other oxidizing agents will oxidize Fe and Mn. Cleaning treatment may restore fouled bed to original condition or nearly so. See "Organic Fouling" section later in this document. The cause must be eliminated to prevent recurrence of the problem. This may require pretreatment of water. In case of harness scaling , carry out extensive backwash and ensure that feed pH does not exceed 8.2

Short Circuiting (Channeling)

- excessive turbidity in inlet

water - excessive `fines' in the bed - chemical attack on ion

exchanger - abusively high flow or

operating pressures - inadequate backwash - Damaged under-drain or

inlet distributor - Upset supporting bed - air in backwash water - surges during backwash - careless placement of the

supporting bed - excessive wash rate

Check for use of specified wash rate and avoid surges of air. Remove turbidity or chlorine from inlet water if applicable. Use correct wash rates in accordance with water temperature. Give unit an extended backwash (approximately 30 minutes) to clean bed. Use highest flow rate possible without washing resin out of the unit.

Valve Leakage

Defective valves. Repair or replace if necessary.

Normal Aging of

Exchange Resin

The aging is relatively slow. Anion exchange is more susceptible to aging than cation exchangers.

It may be more economical to provide a refill of new ion exchange material.

Dirty or Packed

Bed

Resin or media agglomeration (clumps) not properly broken up during backwash or insufficient backwash flow rate or duration.

Perform an extended backwash with a proper flow rate or the bed may need chemically cleaned to break up the clumps.

Restricted Flow

Obstruction in instrument, piping or multi-port valve. Isolating valves throttled.

Inspect and clean as required. All valves (except control valves) should be fully open.

Page 105: DM plant

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3.4 Troubleshooting Guide

Page 5 of 8

3. RESIN MAINTENANCE Ion exchange process depends upon transfer of ions from an aqueous solution to insoluble ion exchange resin, and subsequent elution, or removal, of these ions from regenerant solution. Ion exchange process depends upon transfer of ions from an aqueous solution to insoluble ion exchange resin, and subsequent elution, or removal, of these ions from regenerant solution. This transfer, or exchange, takes place not only on surface of resin particle, but within interior of resin. The routes to interior exchange sites within resin lead through pores in resin particles. If deposits clog these pores, or if inert matter coats resin surface, capacity of ion exchange resin will be reduced and quality of water from ion exchange unit will be impaired. In addition, certain contaminants in water may react adversely with ion exchange resin, breaking down chemical structure of resin, and changing its characteristics so that it is no longer an efficient ion exchanger.

Problem with Resin Remedy Suspended Matter in Water Suspended or colloidal matter will coat surface of ion exchange resin particles, thereby 'blinding' exchange sites on surface, as well as pores leading to internal exchange sites. Such suspended matter should be removed Before water reaches ion exchange unit by appropriate pretreatment, ie. coagulation, filtration, etc. Generally, suspended matter represented by turbidity above 5 J.T.U. will cause excessive problems with ion exchange equipment.

A vigorous back-washing is usually effective in removing dirt that has accumulated in resin bed and on resin particles. Backwash rate should be as high as possible without washing resin from the vessel, and may require removing man way from top of vessel to provide access to resin bed for mechanical stirring to assist in breaking up any clumped resin. Use of an air lance is frequently helpful also. Back-washing should continue for an extended period of time until wash water runs clear.

Precipitates on Resin Particles In addition to inorganic silt or dirt which may coat resin particles due to filtering action of ion exchange bed, certain chemical precipitates may cause similar problems of 'blinding' resin.

Carry out extensive backwash till the amount fines decrease in the water sample. Chemical treatment of resin may be required in case of excessive fouling. Contact resin manufacturer and Aquatech for assistance.

Organic Fouling This is perhaps most common type of contamination effecting ion exchange resins. Organic substances are present in most water supplies, usually due to natural decomposition products of wood, leaves, and other organic substances, but sometimes due to industrial and municipal wastes. They cover a wide range of materials such as organic acids, tannings, phenolic materials and color bodies, representing high molecular weight substances, frequently acidic in nature. They are generally absorbed by anion resin, hence their greatest effect is on anion resin, and usually strong base anion resin. These large organic molecules containing ionic groups are taken up by anion exchange resin, and cause blockage of ion exchange sites where small pore sizes prevent them from diffusing out of exchange resin during regeneration process.

The problem is evidenced by; 1) decrease in capacity 2) increased rinse water requirements 3) reduction in pH value of anion effluent 4) increased conductivity of anion effluent. Organics should be removed by pretreatment, as they have a gradual cumulative degradation effect on anion resins. Good pretreatment consists of coagulation, chlorination, filtration and activated carbon filters. In some instances where organics are low and turbidity is not present chlorination plus activated carbon filters, or even activated carbon alone, may suffice. To treat anion resins, which have become organically fouled, treatment with hot brine and caustic is frequently beneficial, and in some cases, almost restores resin to original performance, in other cases, only partially restores resin. However, if source of contamination is not removed by adequate pretreatment, each successive fouling and brine treatment will be increasingly less effective. The resin should be given a triple regeneration following this brine treatment to convert it to required form.

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3.4 Troubleshooting Guide

Page 6 of 8

Problem with Resin Remedy Iron Iron may be present in feed to an ion exchange either from original raw water source, or from corrosion and pickup from piping, tanks, regenerating vessels and equipment - even from regenerating chemicals themselves. It is present in two forms – divalent, ferrous, or trivalent, or ferric form. Divalent, or ferrous form, is generally quite soluble, and may be removed by ion exchange, and eluted from resin in normal regeneration procedure. However, trivalent, or ferric form, is quite insoluble, and will coat exterior surface of resin particles, and blind internal pores in resin.

Resins beds contaminated with iron are usually readily corrected by treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid, which dissolves precipitated ferric iron. However, care must be taken to protect vessels, piping, etc., from corrosion from dilute HCl. If ion exchanger being so treated is an anion exchanger, it should then be given a double regeneration, and effluent checked after normal rinse to make certain that all vestiges of acid have been removed.

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3.4 Troubleshooting Guide

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4. RESIN CLEANING PROCEDURES Because of factors which are not within control of Aquatech International Corporation, it is impossible to give a detailed plant scale treatment procedure suitable for resins involved, but following general advise may prove useful. ACID WASHING (Cation or Anion Resin Beds) Having established from laboratory scale tests acid concentration, amount and time required to treat resin, existing plant equipment and facilities should be utilized as far as possible to duplicate treatment requirements on plant scale. When acid washing resin in cation unit of a demineralizing train, it is usually possible to prepare and inject dilute HCl at required concentration using installed acid dilution tank and acid ejector characteristics. In terms of power water to suction flow ratio, to enable acid to be prepared in tank at a concentration which results in correct value after dilution with power water during injection. It may be necessary, with a single batch preparation/injection unit, to prepare and inject several batches of acid to achieve treatment quantity required. With continuous dilution systems, where acid dilution tank is usually too small to be of much use for batch acid preparation, then, assuming that ejection ratio is known or found to be suitable. It will be necessary to siphon or pump concentrated HCl from its bulk container(s) into dilution tank at a rate calculated to ensure that. After dilution with water stream entering dilution tank (this can be varied via a control valve on dilution water pipe work) and ejector power water, acid reaches resin bed at about required concentration

Note: Prior to acid washing, make sure tank and internals are resistant to attack by acid. Where existing equipment proves unsuitable for treatment purposes, i.e., ejector ratio is too wide or continuous dilution system cannot be regulated to give required acid concentration, it will be necessary to pump or eject acid into void above resin bed using an improvised system. This, in principle, consists of pumping/injecting acid from its bulk container(s) through flexible rubber or plastic hose into open top of unit (having first drained water above bed down to within 8" - 12" (20 - 30 cms) of bed surface. Regulating flow to drain from unit using acid rinse outlet valve to match flow at which dilute acid enters. This method will invariably apply in case of a sodium cycle softener where most or all of unlined plant materials are unsuitable for use or contact with mineral acid. To prevent corrosion of metal surfaces during acid treatment of resin bed in such softeners, it is necessary to use a corrosion inhibitors with dilute acid. There are a number of such inhibitors commercially available and there should be no problem in obtaining an adequate quantity from a bulk chemical supplier. Because many of these corrosion inhibitors are phosphate based, it is advisable to regenerate softener with brine at a level of about 20% NaCl (12.45 lbs. NaCl/cu ft) resin before carrying out cleaning treatment with inhibited acid solution to avoid precipitating calcium phosphate in resin bed. Under No Circumstances should Formaldehyde be used to inhibit corrosive action of HCl. Although used for many years for this purpose, it is now known that one of compounds which can be formed by this reaction is Volatile Carcinogen and two chemicals should not be used for this reason. The same considerations apply when acid washing resin in an anion unit, as possible lack of acid corrosion resistance of some of anion regenerant handling equipment may sometimes make it necessary to improvise an acid dilution and dispensing system. It is not advisable to bring corrosion inhibitors into contact with anion resins as they may contain components that will adversely affect subsequent performance of resin. When acid washing strong base anion resin it is advisable to take following precautions to avoid:

1. Silica precipitation 2. Damage to resin.

Before carrying out acid wash, regenerate and rinse anion unit in usual way; this will remove bulk of any silica on resin, preventing its precipitation during subsequent acid treatment. To prevent any damage to resin arising from dehydration and volume change which occurs when OH form resin is brought into contact with 10% HCl bed should first be treated with 3-4 bed volts. of 1-2% acid to convert resin to Cl form, before allowing acid to reach resin at recommended 10%. Any acid treatment required for a bed of

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3.4 Troubleshooting Guide

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weak base anion resin should be carried out at finish of a service run, when resin is exhausted. There is no risk of silica precipitation with this type of resin, and as it is not in a regenerated condition, it is possible to use 10% HCl straight away with little risk of damage to beads. Although it is a relatively easy matter to improve acid dispensing system required for treatment, choice of equipment and their treatment process should be concern of trained in selection of acid handling equipment, due to obvious Hazards associated with corrosive liquids. At conclusion of acid cleansing treatment (cation or anion) spent acid should be rinsed out with 4 bed Volumes of feedwater, at usual rinse rate for unit in question. Bed is then regenerated and rinsed before being returned to service, minimum regeneration level required being: ALKALINE BRINE TREATMENT If unit is provided with batch regenerant preparation and injection equipment, then this will almost certainly prove suitable for preparation and injection of alkaline brine, although it may be necessary to prepare and inject several batches of solution to complete treatment. To assist in calculating quantity of caustic soda and salt required for treatment it should be remembered that for every bed volume of alkaline brine required. Each liter of resin to be treated required 100 gm of NaCl and 20 gpm of NaOH contained in 1 liter of solution; or approximately 6 pounds of NaCl and 1.2 pounds NaOH for each cubic foot of resin, prepared. And injected to reach resin bed as a 10% NaCl solution containing 2% NaOH. After calculating quantities of salt and caustic required for a single bed volume treatment. Solution is prepared in caustic dilution tank at a concentration which, allowing for any further dilution which will occur if solution is injected into unit with a water powered ejector, will reach bed as 10% NaCl, 2% NaOH. It is unlikely that caustic dilution tank will be large enough to accommodate more caustic/salt solution than is required for a single bed volume treatment. But in event that laboratory scale tests show that several bed volumes are required, then bed should be allowed to soak in alkaline brine when subsequent quantities are being prepared for injection. Design of most batch preparation tanks is such that a dead volume corresponding to a depth of 2 - 12" (5 - 30 cm) always remains at bottom of tank below end of suction pipe. Extra salt/caustic should be included with first prepared quantity of alkaline brine to allow for this and at finish of treatment, before tank is again used for preparation of caustic regenerant, dead volume of alkaline brine must be drained or pumped/siphoned out. Where a continuous dilution system is employed for caustic injection, this is unlikely to lend itself to preparation and injection of alkaline brine at required concentration, so it will be necessary to improvise a separate solution into unit; using technique described previously under acid washing. At conclusion of alkaline brine treatment bed should be rinse with 2 bed Volumes of feed water at usual rinse rate. bed is then regenerated using twice design quantity of caustic regenerant at usual 4 - 5% concentration and rinse at design rinse flow rate for design time before being returned to service.

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

3.5 Laboratory Procedures

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH JOB # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto La Cruz

Laboratory Procedures

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LABORATORY PROCEDURES

Determination of Alkalinity Procedure

Alkalinity to Phenolphthalein Place 100 ml of sample in a porcelain basin or a conical flask over a white surface. Add two or three drops of phenolphthalein indicator. If the sample turns pink, triturate with standard acid until the pink color is just discharged. If no color is produced, the alkalinity to phenolphthalein is zero.

Total Alkalinity Use the sample to which phenolphthalein has been added. Add a few drops of methyl orange indicator. If the sample turns yellow, continue the titration with standard acid until the first perceptible color change towards orange takes place. If the sample is orange without the addition of acid, total alkalinity is zero. Any difficulty experienced in detecting the endpoint may be reduced by placing a second 100 ml sample with the same amount of indicator in a similar container alongside that in which the titration is being carried out.

Calculation In either case: Alkalinity for 100 ml sample as mg CaCO3 per liter. = Volume N/10 acid (ml) x 50 or Volume N/50 acid (ml) x 10

Note that the total alkalinity is given by the total titration (see "Procedure") and not by the acid required in the titration under "Total Alkalinity".

Determination Of Acidity and Free Mineral Acidity (FMA) of Waters Procedure For Indicator Method

A. Phenolphthalein Acidity (Total) The titration should be made in a glass cylinder, using a plunger-type stirring rod, to avoid loss of CO2 and to improve the visibility of the endpoint. Pipet 50.0 or 100.0 ml of the settled sample into the cylinder placed on a white surface. Add 4 drops of phenolphthalein indicator. Use a glass rod of large diameter as a plunger to mix the solution during titration. The plunger should not be withdrawn completely from the solution while making; this avoids introduction of air bubbles. Titrate with 0.02 N NaOH to the first appearance of permanent pink color.

B. Methyl Orange Acidity (FMA) Add 2 drops of methyl orange to another portion of the sample used for the total acidity and continue titration with 0.02 N NaOH until the color changes from pink to yellow.

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Laboratory Procedures

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Laboratory Procedures

Note: It must be recognized that this determination may not yield a true value for the actual free acidity; titration to a methyl orange endpoint has been arbitrarily chosen to represent a satisfactory measure of free acidity. Alternative indicators having color changes in the same pH range as methyl orange may be substituted. Both total and free mineral acidity are calculated in the same way.

ml. titrant x N of titrant x 50 x 103 mg/l acidity as CaCO3 = ml. sample mg/1 acid = ml. titrant x n of titrant x 103 ml sample.

Determination of Chloride in Water Use a 100 ml. sample of a suitable diluted aliquot. If the sample is highly colored, add 3 ml. Al(OH)3 suspension, mix, allow to settle, filter, wash, and combine filtrate and washing. If sulfide, sulfite or thiosulfate is present, make the water alkaline to phenolphthalein with sodium hydroxide solution. Add 1 ml H2O2 and stir. Neutralize with sulfuric acid. Titrate samples in the pH range 6-9 directly. Adjust samples not in this range with sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide solution. Add 1.0 ml K2CrO4 indicator solution. Titrate with standard silver nitrate to a pinkish yellow endpoint. Establish the reagent blank value by the titration method outlined above. A blank of 0.2 to 0.3 ml. is usual for the method. Calculation: mg/l Cl = (A-B) x N x 35.450 ml sample

where: A = ml. titration for sample B = ml. titration for blank N = normality of AgNO3

mg/l NaCl = mg/l CL x 1.65 mg/l as CaCO3 = mg/l CL x 1.4

Determination of Sulfate in Water Using the corrected absorption, read the sulfate concentration in mg/l directly from the standard curve. (Apply the appropriate dilution factor, if any.) To convert to mg/l as CaCO3 multiply the SO4 concentration by 1.04. SO4 mg/l (as CaCO3) = (mg/l SO4 from curve) x (dilution factor) x (1.04)

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Laboratory Procedures

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Laboratory Procedures

Determination of Total Hardness Procedure

Place a suitable volume of sample, filtered if necessary, in a porcelain basin, beaker, or conical flask placed on a white surface. For a total hardness below 100 mg/l use 100 ml and for a total hardness greater that 100 mg/l use 50 ml. Add 1 ml buffer solution for each 50 ml of sample, mix well, and add 1 ml sodium sulfide inhibitor solution if necessary. Mix and add one or two drops of indicator solution. In the presence of calcium or magnesium ions the solution will be wine-red in color. Titrate immediately with the standard EDTA solution with continuous stirring. As the endpoint is approached some blue coloration will be observed but a reddish tinge will still be visible. Add the last few drops of EDTA solution at intervals of three to five seconds until the last reddish tinge disappears. Do not allow the time taken for the titration to exceed five minutes after adding the buffer solution and do not use more than 5 ml EDTA solution. If these conditions require less that 50 ml of sample, dilute the aliquot to 50 ml with water before titration, otherwise some precipitation of calcium carbonate may occur leading to low results and a drifting endpoint.

Calculation Total hardness - Volume M/100 EDTA(ml) x 1000 mg/l as CaCO3 Volume of sample (ml)

Turbitmetric Determination of Sulfate Procedure A. Preparation of Standard Curve Prepare 0.0 mg/l,5.0 mg/l,10.0 mg/l,15.0 mg/l,20.0 mg/l,25.0 mg/l,30.0 mg/l,35.0 mg/l and 40.0 mg/l standard solutions. By pipetting 0.0 ml, 5.0 ml, 10.0 ml, 15.0 ml, 20.0 ml, 25.0 ml, 25.0 ml, 30.0 ml, 35.0 ml and 40.0 ml of standard sulfate solution into six 100 ml volumetric flasks. Dilute to 100 ml with deionized water.

Transfer each standard solution to separate 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks. Do not rinse flask.

Process standards exactly as samples.

Plot the absorbance values obtained against the corresponding sulfate concentration..

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Laboratory Procedures

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Laboratory Procedures

B. Sample Treatment Samples containing a large amount of suspended matter should be filtered through Whitman No. 2 filter paper prior to analysis.

Prepare a blank by measuring 100 ml of distilled water into a 250 ml erlenmeyer flask. Check the reliability of the standard curve by running one or two known standards with each series of unknowns. Measure 100 ml sample into a 250 ml erlenmeyer flask. Set spectrophotometer to 420 nm wavelength and 2 nm slit width. Allow at least 10 minute warm up. Add exactly 5.00 ml of conditioning reagent to blank, standard and samples. Zero the spectrophotometer with blank. Add a magnetic stir bar to blank and adjust stirring speed to 400 rpm. Add one level spoonful (.2 ml - .3 ml) of barium chloride crystals. After stirring for exactly one minute, fill both of the 50 mm absorption cells with the blank solution and adjust spectrophotometer to zero absorption. Measure the turbidity of standard and sample.

Note: In order to correct for sample color and turbidity, measure and record the absorption (ao) of the sample before the barium chloride is added.

Add a one inch magnetic stir bar to the flask and adjust stirring speed to 400 rpm. Add one level spoonful of barium chloride crystals. After stirring for exactly one minute, fill the 50 mm absorption cell and note the absorbency at 30 second intervals for 4 minutes. Record the maximum absorption reading (al) obtained in that 4 minute period.

8. Calculation: Determine the corrected absorption be subtracting the absorption reading before adding barium chloride (ao) from the absorption reading after the addition of barium chloride (al).

Corrected absorption = al – ao

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH JOB # P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto La Cruz

Laboratory Procedures

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SILT DENSITY INDEX MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE The SDI is a popular method for determining the feed water quality in a RO application. Samples of 500 ml are taken by placing a 0.45 micron pieces of paper between two flanges at the inlet of the RO units. A pressure-regulating valve and pressure indicator is required to maintain the pressure at 30 psig. With the pressure established at 30 psig run water through 0.45 micron paper into the 500ml cylinder. Note the time in seconds required to fill 500ml cylinder. Allow water to flow through the paper for 15 minutes. Empty cylinder and then note time in seconds required refilling cylinder through partially clogged paper. Test Equipment Set-up Assemble the test equipment per figure 1 Locate a sample tap on the feed water piping and install the test equipment Adjust the pressure regulator to 30 PSI with a filter pad installed. Use a fresh filter for the actual test. Note: For best results: Use dull tweezers when positioning the filters to prevent puncturing the filter pad Ensure O-ring is clean and in good condition, and is properly positioned Avoid touching the filter with fingers Flush the apparatus to remove any contaminants that may be held within it Test Procedure Take the temperature of the feed water. The temperature should not be more than +/- 1° C (1.8° F) between the start and end of the test Bleed any entrained air tin the filter holder. Depending on the model of the filter holder, either open the bleed valve, or loosen the filter holder while cracking the ball valve. Then close the bleed valve or filter holder. Place a 500 ml graduated cylinder under the filter to measure the amount of water that passes through the filter. Open the ball valve fully and measure the time required collect 100 ml and 500 ml from the time the ball valve is opened. Record these times leaving the ball valve open and letting the flow continue. After 5 minutes, repeat the time measurement required to collect 100 ml and 500 ml samples. Repeat again after 10 and 15 minutes of elapsed time. If the time required to collect 100 ml sample is greater than 60 seconds, pluggage will be about 90%, and it is not necessary to continue the test. Measure the water temperature again to ensure that it did not vary by more than 1°C from the initial temperature. After completing the test and disconnecting the apparatus the filter paper may be saved in a plastic bag for future reference.

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Laboratory Procedures

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SDI Calculations The silt density index into the RO header is determined by the equation SDI = P30 / Tt = 100 * (1 – Ti / Tf) / Tt where SDI = silt density index in percentage

P30 = % pluggage at 30 psig feed pressure**

Tt = Total test time in minutes (usually 15 minutes, but may be less if 75% pluggage occurs in less than 15 minutes

Ti = initial time in seconds required to obtain sample

Tf = time required to obtain sample after 15 minutes (or less)

Notes: * Time to collect 500 ml should be approximately 5 times greater then the time to collect 100 ml. If 500 ml collection time is much greater than 5X, SDI should be calculated using 500 ml collection times. ** For accurate SDI measurement P30 should not exceed 75%. If P30 exceeds this value, re-run test and obtain Tf at a shorter time, (T). Example: If T0 equals 20 seconds and Tf equals 60 seconds after 15 minutes total time, then P30 / Tt = 100 * (1 – Ti / Tf) / Tt = 100 * (1 - (20/45)) / 15 = 3.7 Normal SDI will less than 3.0

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

4.1 Storage and Preservation

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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Project: PERI AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Client: Global Management Partners, LLC AQUATECH JOB# P-00101 Location: Punto Fijo / Puerto La Cruz

Storage and Preservation

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STORAGE AND PRESERVATION PROCEDURES

FOR

Global Management Services

PERI : Punto Fijo / Puerto La Cruz

AQUATECH JOB NO. P-00101

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Storage and Preservation

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This procedure is to be used as a guideline for the storage of Aquatech equipment at the job site,

prior to start up. At times the equipment is stored for many months before start up actually occurs and it is necessary to perform certain preventive measures to protect the equipment. This procedure is to be used as applicable, for long term lay up of equipment previously in operation or as a guideline for equipment operating outdoors in extreme conditions such as near freezing temperature, heavy rainfall and humidity, temperature above 49o C. This equipment is designed for indoor operation and therefore shall generally be stored indoors.

Outdoor storage is possible provided the equipment is protected from the weather, direct sunlight and temperature extremes. The equipment shall also be placed on solid supports, pallets or dunnage, in well-drained areas and covered for weather and dirt protection. The equipment shall be stored in a common area in view of the rust preventative inspection program. VESSELS RUBBER LINED WEAK ACID CATION (WAC) VESSELS

Rubber linings should be stored, between delivery and use, away from direct sunlight, heat or outdoor seasonal weathering due to degradation from excessive temperature change, ozone and oxidation. Do not store the vessels near ozone producing sources. Vessels should not be subjected to extreme temperature conditions such as below -20 Deg C or above 39 Deg C and sudden changes in temperature. The lining used is Chloro-Butyl Shore-A Durometer 60+/-5 black rubber. Semi hard rubber lined vessels should be preferably stored indoors with climate control. If the vessel must be stored outdoors, they should be covered with tarpaulins or protective covering. The vessels should be covered and kept out of direct sunlight. The manways shall be kept open. Moving or handling the equipment should be done very carefully to avoid sharp blows, dropping, or flexing as the rubber can be damaged with a sudden blow.

No Welding should be performed on the exterior of any lined vessel, as damage to the lining will result. Care should be taken not to damage the lining by taking preventative actions of any objects from dropping on the lining. Temporary cribbing or support shall be provided for Vessels. The Vessels shall be stored upright and level to drain properly with drains open.

Rubber lined vessels that need to be stored for longer periods may be protected by filling the vessel with 1-3% solution of acid, preferably with sulfuric or 5% sodium carbonate solution and held at ambient temperature. This will keep the lining flexible, minimize any expansion and contraction and also keep the air (ozone) from deteriorating the lining surface. Further, rubber lined vessels that have been stored for over a month should be closely inspected prior to being put into service. If the vessels are filled with solution, adequate temperature must be maintained to keep it from freezing. The vessel external surfaces are coated with Devoe Cathacoat 302 Inorganic-Zinc Silicate Primer and then insulated to meet the project specifications. Care must be taken to not damage the insulation or allow the insulation to get wet. The vessel nozzles, legs and insulated surfaces shall be inspected monthly for rust formation and any rust touched up with equal coating.

PLASITE OR EPOXY LINED STRONG ACID CATION (SAC) VESSELS

No Welding should be performed on the exterior of any lined vessel, as damage to the lining will result. Care should be taken not to damage the lining by taking preventative actions of any objects from dropping on the lining. Temporary cribbing or support shall be provided for Vessels. The Vessels shall

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Storage and Preservation

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be stored upright and level to drain properly with drains open. During temperatures below –29o C, a blow to the exterior of the vessel would cause cracking of the lining on the interior. The interior temperature of the vessel should not be allowed to exceed the temperature specified in the lining manufacturer's recommendations. The lining used is Devoe Devchem 253. Devchem 253 has a maximum temperature rating of 149 degree C. The vessels should be covered and kept out of direct sunlight. The manways shall be kept open. The vessel external surfaces are coated with Devoe Cathacoat 302 Inorganic-Zinc Silicate Primer and then insulated to meet the project specifications. Care must be taken to not damage the insulation or allow the insulation to get wet. The vessel nozzles, legs and insulated surfaces shall be inspected monthly for rust formation and any rust touched up with equal coating. BRINEMAKER STORAGE

The Brinemaker needs to be kept on the shipping pallet to prevent the tank from tipping over where high winds may be present. If the Brinemaker must be stored outdoors, it should be covered with tarpaulins or protective covering. Moving or handling the tank should be done very carefully to avoid sharp blows or dropping as the FRP tank can be damaged with a sudden blow. Any snow build up should be removed to avoid any possible deformation or cracking of the FRP tank. If any salt is dispensed into the tank during storage, DO NOT add any water or any other liquid solution in the tank. The water may freeze and crack the FRP tank. PIPING AND PIPING SKIDS

Skids will be shipped in shrink-wrap plastic. Piping and Piping Skids should be observed weekly for rust formation. The faces of the plastic fittings should be inspected to assure that no scratches or other damage is present. The Polypropylene lined piping and skids (Brine Regeneration and SAC) should not be subjected to extreme temperature conditions such as below -20 Deg C and sudden changes in temperature. The Teflon lined piping and skid (WAC) should not be subjected to extreme temperature conditions such as below -40 Deg C and sudden changes in temperature.

Insulated pipe shall be handle carefully to keep damage to the insulation at a minimum. All loose piping pieces shall be inspected to insure the protective plugs are in position on all open ends. The Piping of the Skids surfaces are coated with Sherwin-Williams EPO-PHEN Hi-Temp coating and then insulated to meet the project specifications. The Piping, Piping skids and insulated surfaces shall be inspected monthly for rust formation and any rust touched up with equal coating. The skids can be stored with the shrink-wrap plastic intact but care must be taken so the wrap is not deforming any insulation or piping/tubing. Holes shall be cut in the plastic so that proper ventilation is provided for the skid. VALVES

Valves should also be examined monthly for rust formation. The valves should be keep in a cool dry area since moisture will affect the diaphragm material and also cause damage to the parts that require lubrication. If the valves are to be stored for a year or more, the seals and diaphragms should be inspected prior to installation to determine if replacement is necessary. The Valves should be positioned to be slightly open. The faces of each valve are covered with plastic to prevent damage to the seat face, disc edge, or butterfly valve interior. Valves should be stored indoors with face protectors intact. When valves are stored for a long time, open and close the valves every 3 months. Store valves so that no heavy loads are applied to the bodies.

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Storage and Preservation

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BUTTERFLY VALVES

The disc should be positioned at 10 degrees open. The faces of each valve are covered with plastic to prevent damage to the seat face, disc edge, or butterfly valve interior. Valves should be stored indoors with face protectors intact. Temperature should preferably be -20 degrees C to 39 degrees C. When valves are stored for a long time, open and close the valves every 3 months. Store valves so that no heavy loads are applied to the bodies. ROTATING EQUIPMENT

In general, the rotating equipment should be covered and stored away from the weather. All machine parts that are exposed should be checked occasionally so that rust does not occur. The motors should be kept moisture free. Refer to the pump manufacturer’s storage recommendations located within Volume II of the Operation and Maintenance manual. LOW VOLTAGE MOTORS

If the motor has been in storage for more than six months or has been subjected to adverse weather conditions, it is best to check the insulation resistance of the stator winding with a megohmeter. If the resistance is less than 10 megaohms the windings should be dried per the instructions given in the motor manufacturer’s I, O, &M manual. SOLENOID PANELS ON THE UNIT

These slave panels contain solenoid valves, tubing, pressure regulators and terminal strips. When the equipment is going to be stored outside, they should be protected with a plastic covering since they also contain electrical components and could be severely damaged by the weather. Each panel will be shipped with desiccants installed. The desiccants shall be replaced every 3 months or as needed to prevent condensation build up. LADDERS / PLATFORMS

Ladders and Platforms should be observed weekly for rust formation. They should be inspected to assure that no scratches or other damage is present. Ladders and Platforms have a hot dipped galvanized coating and shall be kept out of direct sunlight. BOXES/CARTONS

All boxes, cartons, etc. must be stored indoors or in a shelter area to avoid damaging the equipment or the packaging. LOOSE MATERIALS

All stainless steel (SS) material must be stored away from ferrous material like carbon steel (CS) to avoid rusting of the stainless steel (SS). LONG DELIVERY ITEMS

It is to be emphasized that ion exchange units and chemical skids are furnished with expensive and long delivery items. Double handling of these items should be avoided, damage to the long delivery items can cause delay in the start up of the system. It is recommended that all equipment be unloaded and placed at the final point of installation.

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Storage and Preservation

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DURING LONG OUTAGE PERIODS

In addition to the above instructions the following is to be carried out for long-term shutdown NEW, UNUSED RESIN

Unused resins, in their origin packaging, can be stored under proper conditions for longer than their recommended shelf life without experiencing a decline in their physical properties, in most cases. Standard demineralizing resins experience minimal change in chemical properties over a two-year shelf life.

Resins should be stored in their original unopened packaging in a cool dry area. An indoor storage facility with climate control between 0° - 32°C should be used for the best results.

Storage temperatures above 0°C can cause premature loss of capacity for anion resins, particularly those stored in the OH-form. While cation resins can withstand higher temperatures (up to 50°C), it is best to store all resins under similar conditions. Storage temperatures below 0°C can cause freezing to take place and may result in bead fracture. Frozen resin should be thawed out completely under temperature conditions and analysis completed before loading and use.

Storage of Used Resins. As with new resins, used resins should be stored under climate controlled conditions, where feasible, to maximize the life of the resins.

Additionally, care should be taken that resins are not exposed to air, as they will dry out and shrink. When re-hydrated, these resins are susceptible to bead breakage due to rapid re-swelling of the resin beads. For best results, the resins should be stored in solution. If the resin beads are allowed to become dry, they should be hydrated with a saturated sodium chloride solution. The high osmotic pressure will minimize the rapid re-swelling. The salt can then be removed by successive dilutions, to prevent rapid change in osmotic pressures and resulting bead breakage.

Biological growth problems can be caused by inactivity of the resin during extended storage. In order to minimize the potential for bio fouling, inactive systems should be stored in a bio-static solution such as concentrated NaCl. Please note that this complete exhaustion is acceptable for most demineralizer applications, but undesirable for very high purity applications. In addition to minimizing bio-growth, the concentrated brine solution will prevent freezing. The recommended procedure is as follows:

After exhaustion and a thorough backwash, the resin is ready for lay-up. Apply a 15%-25% NaCl solution to the bed, and fill the vessel so that no air is present. The salt solution will minimize bio-growth. Upon reactivation of the vessel, the resin will need to be re-hydrated by successive washes of less concentrated salt to minimize osmotic shock. Prior to service, the beds must undergo a double or triple regeneration.

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

4.2 Pre-Commissioning Checklist

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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4.2 Pre-commissioning Checklist

Page 1

1 CABLE CONTINUITY CHECK PROCEDURE FIELD DEVICES TO LOCAL BOX ............. 2

1.1 Prerequisites for Cable Continuity Check ................................................................................................................... 2

1.2 Cable Continuity Check Procedure ............................................................................................................................. 2

2 CABLE CONTINUTIY CHECK PROCEDURE LOCAL BOX TO CONTROL PANEL ......... 3

2.1 Prerequisites for Cable Continuity Check ................................................................................................................... 3

2.2 Cable Continuity Check Procedure ............................................................................................................................. 3

3 LOOP CHECK PROCEDURE ACTUATED VALVES .......................................................... 4

3.1 Prerequisites for Loop Check ....................................................................................................................................... 4

3.2 Loop Check Procedure .................................................................................................................................................. 4

3.3 PROTOCOL LOOP CHECK FOR ACTUATED VALVES ..................................................................................... 4

4 LOOP CHECK PROCEDURE FOR INSTRUMENTATION ................................................ 5

4.1 Prerequisites to Start Up ............................................................................................................................................... 5

4.2 Start Up Procedure ........................................................................................................................................................ 5

4.3 PROTOCOL LOOP CHECKS FOR INSTRUMENTATION ........................................................................ 5

5 SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL CHECKS: ..................................................................................... 6

5.1 Manual operation: ......................................................................................................................................................... 6

5.2 Semi auto operation: ...................................................................................................................................................... 6

5.3 Auto Operation: ............................................................................................................................................................. 6

5.4 Alarm interlocks: ........................................................................................................................................................... 6

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4.2 Pre-commissioning Checklist

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1 CABLE CONTINUITY CHECK PROCEDURE FIELD DEVICES TO LOCAL BOX

1.1 Prerequisites for Cable Continuity Check

All instruments / devices fixed on skid as per drawing

All valves fixed on line

Valve limit s/w fixed in position

Cabling and conduiting of all field devices to Local Box completed

No supply (AC/DC) available on any wires

Instrument for continuity checks as per requirement 1.2 Cable Continuity Check Procedure

1. Wires on field device and Local Box side should be disconnected. 2. Short the wires on field device side and check the continuity. (Instrument should show

continuity). 3. Open the wires on field device side and check continuity (Instrument should not show

continuity). 4. Repeat step 2 and 3 three times to confirm. 5. If results of step 2 and 3 are satisfactory, then the wires at field device end and the Local Box

end can be connected as per drawing.

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4.2 Pre-commissioning Checklist

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2 CABLE CONTINUTIY CHECK PROCEDURE LOCAL BOX TO CONTROL PANEL 2.1 Prerequisites for Cable Continuity Check

Cables from Local Box to Control Panel laid as per schedule

Cables dressing & glanding completed at local box and control panel end.

Cables inside control panel / local box stripped and neatly bunched and routed prior to entry into wire duct.

Cables properly tagged as per cable schedule at both the control panel and local box end.

Cable wires properly lugged and ferrules for wires fixed.

Local Box earthing strip properly connected to main earth strip.

No supply (AC/DC) available on any wires.

Instrument for checking continuity functioning satisfactory.

2.2 Cable Continuity Check Procedure

1. All wires of the cable should be disconnected at both ends. 2. For Loop checking a multicore cable from Local Box to control panel any one core of the cable

should be identified on basis of color (in case of multi-colored cables) or on basis of core number in case of numbered cables. This core can be used as a reference core.

3. To confirm the continuity of the reference core, short the reference core to earth at the Local Box

end and check the continuity at the control panel end with respect to earth. (Instrument should show continuity)

4. Open the short between ref core & earth strip and check the continuity at Control Panel end.

(Instrument should show no continuity). 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 two to three times and if results are OK, then the reference core can be

used to check the continuity of other cores. 6. Short reference core to other unidentified core of cable at local box end and check the continuity

between the core and reference core at control panel end. (Instrument should show continuity). 7. Open the short and check the continuity (Instrument should show no continuity). 8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 two to three times and if the results are satisfactory the wires can be

connected as drawing 9. Steps 6 to 8 can be repeated to check the continuity of other cores of the cable. 10. Steps 2 to 9 can be repeated for other cables.

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4.2 Pre-commissioning Checklist

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3 LOOP CHECK PROCEDURE ACTUATED VALVES 3.1 Prerequisites for Loop Check

All valves fixed on line.

All air tubing from box to valves completed.

All limit switches fixed in position.

Loop checks of Limit switches completed.

Loop check of cables from control panel to particular box completed.

Air supply available to Local Box through air regulator

All electrical connection tightened and connected as per drawing 3.2 Loop Check Procedure

1. Start the air supply to air regulator and adjust the output of air regulator as per requirement.

2. Check for air leakage on solenoid valve / manifold and air lines to valves. If leakage is

present, tighten the connections and or use Teflon tape to arrest leakage. 3. Check that all valves are in the required state within no electrical supply present. If the

state of valve (without solenoid energizing) is not as per requirement change port of solenoid and check valve position.

4. Energize the solenoid by giving required electrical voltage (either by giving supply at

terminals or by forcing on the respective output of solenoid through PLC). 5. Check the position of valve in energized condition. 6. Check the stroke/maximum travel of valve. 7. Check if the limit switch is pressed and check the indication of valve on the HMI. 8. De-energize the solenoid of the valve and check valve position. Valve should travel back

to original position. 9. Check if the limit switch is pressed and also check indication on HMI. 10. Repeat the steps 4 to 9 for other valves.

3.3 PROTOCOL LOOP CHECK FOR ACTUATED VALVES

See attached work sheet that lists all the actuated valves.

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4.2 Pre-commissioning Checklist

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4 LOOP CHECK PROCEDURE FOR INSTRUMENTATION 4.1 Prerequisites to Start Up

All impulse tubing completed as per drawing.

Drain lines connected as per drawing.

Process fluid lines flushed prior to charging.

Sensor connected as required

All wiring/connections as per drawing completed and loop checked.

Power supply available as per requirement

Instrument to check current and voltages (AC/DC) functioning 4.2 Start Up Procedure

1. Check the power supply to the instrument. If it is as per requirement switch on the supply and check if the instrument is live.

2. Charge the impulse lines/sensing point by opening the isolation valves. 3. Check for leakage of process fluid from connection. If any, arrest the same. 4. Check the reading locally. Match the reading with the actual required reading. 5. In case of transmitters, check the output analog current (dc mA) and compare with actual required

value. 6. Check the reading in HMI. (If HMI indication provided) and compare with local reading and actual

required reading. 7. Repeat steps 4, 5, and 6 for minimum and maximum readings.

4.3 PROTOCOL LOOP CHECKS FOR INSTRUMENTATION

See attached work sheet for instrumentation

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4.2 Pre-commissioning Checklist

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5 System functional Checks:

The system functional checks can be done in the following steps: Step 1: Manual Step 2: Semi Auto Step 3: Auto

5.1 Manual operation:

The system shall be placed into and out of service, cleaning, regen etc. by manually stroking the valves open/close and starting/stopping the pumps. Insure that all pump oil levels are correct. Set all flow rates with travel stops on the on/off valves and insure proper flow/pressure for normal operation. When required the control valves shall be adjusted to allow the required flow through the system by using a 4 to 20 mA current source. After the system flows are adjusted proceed to test the interface in semi-auto operation.

5.2 Semi auto operation: This mode of operation is done through the PLC with the operator initiation of service, cleaning, regen etc. The system shall be placed into and out of service, cleaning, regen etc. to insure that the correct valves are opening and associated equipment starts in the correct steps as per the correct operation sequences. Any software debugging or field adjustments required shall be done at this time.

5.3 Auto Operation:

In this mode of operation, the PLC has control of the plant. The initial placement of the system into service is done by operator initiation, when steady state is accomplished the system is placed into automatic. The PLC will control of the operation of the plant based on alarm conditions and interlocks.

5.4 Alarm interlocks: During the functional checks creating the alarm conditions can check the alarm set points. Any pump or system interlocks shall be checked during the functional checks by creating the interlock conditions. For example: when a pump is running and it is to trip at low level in the tank from where the pump gets its service fluid. The low set point is adjusted in such a way that the alarm will be generated and the pump will trip. In order to check the other interlocks such as the system going to standby due to the occurrence of conditions like high throughput etc., manipulate the set point to create the interlock condition when the system is running to check the interlock.

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

5.1 Electrical Drawings

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

5.2 Mechanical Drawings

WATERTRAK

STANDARD

WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

AQUATECH PROJECT NO. P-00101

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