diffusion and osmosis

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Diffusion and Osmosis. Start. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Diffusion. Osmosis. Living Cell Osmosis. Diffusion and Osmosis. DIFFUSION. Dialysis Equipment. Equipment Set Up. Results. Diffusion and Osmosis. Diffusion (Dialysis Equipment). glass dish. dialysis tubing. glucose test strips. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Diffusion and Osmosis

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Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Page 2: Diffusion and Osmosis

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TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS

DiffusionDiffusion

OsmosisOsmosis

Living Cell OsmosisLiving Cell Osmosis

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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DIFFUSIONDIFFUSION

Dialysis EquipmentDialysis Equipment

Equipment Set UpEquipment Set Up

ResultsResults

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Diffusion (Dialysis Equipment)Diffusion (Dialysis Equipment)

pipetpipetclosuresclosures

glass dishglass dish

glucose test strips glucose test strips

dialysis tubingdialysis tubing

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Starch GlucoseWater

Initially, the dialysis tubing is filled with a super saturated glucose + starch solution

Initially, the dialysis tubing is filled with a super saturated glucose + starch solution

continue animation continue animation

dialysis tubing dialysis tubing

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Starch GlucoseWater

The filled dialysis tubing is placed in a dish with a solution of iodine and water

The filled dialysis tubing is placed in a dish with a solution of iodine and water

continue animation continue animation

WaterIodine

The dialysis tubing membrane is selectively permeableThe dialysis tubing membrane is selectively permeable

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Diffusion (Equipment Set Up)Diffusion (Equipment Set Up)

iodine and waterstarch, glucose and waterstarch, glucose and water

DIALYSIS TUBINGDIALYSIS TUBING

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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In DIFFUSION, particles travel from an area of high concentration to an

area of low concentration

In DIFFUSION, particles travel from an area of high concentration to an

area of low concentration

As particles migrate through a membrane in this way, movement is

described to be traveling “down a concentration gradient”

As particles migrate through a membrane in this way, movement is

described to be traveling “down a concentration gradient”

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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When particles migrate through a selectively permeable membraneWhen particles migrate through a selectively permeable membrane

some particles are able to pass through but not otherssome particles are able to

pass through but not others

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Starch GlucoseWater

There is a GLUCOSE gradient across the membrane

continue animation continue animation

WaterIodine

GLUCOSE molecules fit through the membrane and travel “down a concentration gradient” to the outside of the

dialysis tubing … testing indicates GLUCOSE now in dish

NONE

HIGH

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Starch GlucoseWater

There is a IODINE gradient across the membrane

continue animation continue animation

WaterIodine

IODINE molecules fit through the membrane and travel “down a concentration gradient” to the inside of the dialysis tubing … testing

indicates IODINE now in dialysis tubing as Starch turns PURPLE

NONE

HIGH

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Starch GlucoseWater

There is a STARCH gradient across the membrane

continue animation continue animation

WaterIodine

However, STARCH molecules cannot fit through the dialysis tubing membrane … water in dish is not PURPLE

NONE

HIGH

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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StarchGlucose

Water

There is a WATER gradient across the membrane

continue animation continue animation

WaterIodine

WATER molecules fit through the membrane and travel “down a concentration gradient” to the inside of the dialysis

tubing … dialysis tubing is much fuller than before

LOW

HIGH

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Diffusion (Results)Diffusion (Results)

dialysis tubing in iodine and waterdialysis tubing in iodine and water

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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OSMOSISOSMOSIS

Osmometer EquipmentOsmometer Equipment

Equipment Set UpEquipment Set Up

ResultsResults

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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OSMOSIS (Osmometer Equipment)

pipetpipet

covercover

strawstraw

cupcup

bellbell

animal disc membraneanimal disc membrane

rubber band

rubber band

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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ASSEMBLING THE OSMOMETER ASSEMBLING THE OSMOMETER

cup with lid

straw inserted into

narrow end of bell

bell opened at both

endsselectively permeable membrane

stretched across wide end of bell continue

animationcontinue

animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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FILLING THE OSMOMETER FILLING THE OSMOMETER

The cup is filled

one half full of water

The bell is filled with a super saturated

lactose solution

(lactose and water) The solution is dyed

to make it visible in

the bell

The position of the

solution in the bell is

marked

continue animationcontinue

animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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A super saturated solution has a relatively low water

concentration because of a VERY HIGH

solute concentration

A super saturated solution has a relatively low water

concentration because of a VERY HIGH

solute concentration

The osmometer solution has a large amount of lactose solute dissolved in a small amount of

water

The osmometer solution has a large amount of lactose solute dissolved in a small amount of

water

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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The osmometer is assembledThe osmometer is assembled

continue animationcontinue

animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Osmosis (Equipment Set Up)Osmosis (Equipment Set Up)

waterwatersuper saturated lactose and water solution

super saturated lactose and water solution

fluid levelfluid level

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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OSMOMETEROSMOMETERDiffusion of water takes place

through the membrane. Water is pulled from an

area of high

concentration (in the cup)

to an area of low

concentration (in the bell)

continue animationcontinue

animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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OSMOMETEROSMOMETERAs water diffuses

through the membrane

“down the gradient”

from the cup into the bell

the overall fluid level

rises up the straw

continue animationcontinue

animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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OSMOMETEROSMOMETERThe membrane is selectively

permeable

the lactose solute

particles because of their larger

size

are prevented

from migrating

through the membrane

and rise up the straw

along with the water continue

animationcontinue

animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Osmosis (Results)Osmosis (Results)

fluid levelfluid level

water is pulled in throughselectively permeable membrane

water is pulled in throughselectively permeable membrane

osmometer solution rises up the strawosmometer solution rises up the straw

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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LIVING CELL OSMOSISLIVING CELL OSMOSIS

Elodea Before NaCl Application 400xElodea Before NaCl Application 400x

Elodea Before NaCl Application 1000xElodea Before NaCl Application 1000x

Elodea After NaCl Application 400xElodea After NaCl Application 400x

Elodea After NaCl Application 1000xElodea After NaCl Application 1000x

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Elodea Before NaCl Application 400xElodea Before NaCl Application 400x

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Elodea Before NaCl Application 1000x

Elodea Before NaCl Application 1000x

cell wallcell wall

cell membrane cell membrane

chloroplastschloroplasts

continue animation continue animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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The cell is initially in an isotonic solution

Water within the cell keeps the cell membrane against the

cell wall

100% water100% water

100% water100% water

100% water100% water

Chloroplasts are evenly spread throughout the cytoplasm

continue animationcontinue

animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Elodea 1000x

Elodea 1000x

continue animation continue animation

The cell is placed in a hypertonic

salt solution

The cell is placed in a hypertonic

salt solution

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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When the cell is placed in a hypertonic solution

100% water100% water

continue animationcontinue

animation

there is a salt gradient across the cell wall and membrane

Water goes “down the gradient” from a high water concentration inside of the cell ...

to a low water concentration outside of the cell

90% water90%

water90%

water90%

water

10% salt10% salt

10% salt10% salt

Hypertonic Solution

Hypertonic Solution

Hypertonic Solution

Hypertonic Solution

waterwater

waterwater

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Elodea After NaCl Application 400xElodea After NaCl Application 400x

continue animation continue animation

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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The rigid cell wall is porous and remains intact ... but without water inside of the cell,

the cell membrane is pulled from the cell wall

continue animationcontinue

animation

Hypertonic Solution

Hypertonic Solution

waterwater

water water

Hypertonic Solution

Hypertonic Solution

Chloroplasts are draw in with the cell membrane and collect in the

middle of the cell

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis

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Elodea After NaCl Application 1000xElodea After NaCl Application 1000x

chloroplastschloroplasts

cell wallcell wall

cell membranecell membrane

Water is pulled out of cell through the cell wall into

hypertonic

solution

Water is pulled out of cell through the cell wall into

hypertonic

solution

The cell membrane crenates pulling

chloroplasts into a small bunch

The cell membrane crenates pulling

chloroplasts into a small bunch

The cell membrane

separates from the cell wall

The cell membrane

separates from the cell wall

EndEnd

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis