development of lead botanic garden strengthening of ... · ginkogo biloba, agathis robusta,...
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Department of Forest Products, College of Forestry
Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry,
Nauni, Solan-173230 (Himachal Pradesh)
FUNDING AGENCY: MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
Principal Investigator: Project Coordinator:
Dr Bhupender Dutt Dr Kulwant Rai Sharma
Professor Prof. & Head
Phone: 01792-252495 (O), 094181-51583(M) Phone: 01792-252495 (O), 094182-30268 (M) Fax: 01792-252495 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: 01792-252495, E-mail:[email protected]
Co-PIs:
Dr SS Sharma, Professor (Botany)
Dr Rajnish Sharma, Assistant Professor (Biotechnology)
Dr Rajneesh Kumar, Assistant Professor (Forestry)
RESEARCH STAFF
Dr. Chaman Lal & Mrs. Yourmila Kumari (SRF)
Mr. Ashok Kumar (Computer Assistant) & Mr. Dalip Singh (Field Attendant)
Development of Lead Botanic Garden
Strengthening of Botanic Garden through ex-situ conservation of
rare, endangered, threatened, endemic & economic plant
resources of North Western Himalayan Region at Dr YS Parmar
University of Horticulture and Forestry (Creation of unique
Biodiversity Garden in North India)
BOTANICAL GARDEN
INTRODUCTION: Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni (UHF, Nauni) establishes
its botanical garden in 1980. The garden is situated at an altitude of 1250 m 77o10’ 0.4” E and Longitude
30o51’27.4” N Latitude with an approximate area of 07 hectares and is playing an important role in assisting
in the development and implementation of national strategies, plans and programmes for the conservation of
biological diversity and advocating their sustainable use. It is also providing expert advice, data information,
practical assistance by providing diverse and useful information on plant genetic resources including rare,
endangered and threatened species of high altitude Medicinal and Aromatic plants in its off shoot herbal
gardens/museum. This garden holds very valuable information relating to plant diversity, conservation
status, trends and its use and preservation of germplasm of rare, endangered and threatened species with
special reference to Western Himalayas.
Botanical Garden has around 621 species including trees, shrubs, climbers, creepers, grasses, ferns,
ornamental plants. Medicinal and aromatic plants are the most represented in Herbal Garden. Out of total
plants, 198 species are of trees, 138 shrubs, 220 herbs, 14 bamboos & grasses, 48 climbers & twiners, 3
parasites/epiphytes (Annexure-I).
The garden is divided in to the following sections:
i) Pinetum:
It is an area where main collection is of conifers. There are 10 species of Pinus, 5 Cupressus, and 2
Thuja, 1 each of Cedrus, Picea and Taxus, respectively. Out of these 7 species are of exotic pines i.e. Pinus
patula, P. oocarpa, P. carribea, P. ellotii, P. taeda, P. radiata and P. greggii. Other species of interest are:
Ginkogo biloba, Agathis robusta, Podocarpus nerifolium, Taxodium mucronata, Pinus gerardiana, Cedrus
deodara etc.
ii) Cactarium:
It has the collection of around 56 species of cacti and succulent species. The main species are Agave
americana, Aloe barbadensis, Opuntia dillenii, Yucca gloriosa and Euphorbia splendens
iii) Bambusetum:
Bamboos are represented by Bambusa ventricosa, B. reticulata, Dendrocalamus strictus, D.
hamiltonii and Arundinaria falcata.
iv) Orchidarium:
The main species of the orchids in the Garden are Curculigo orchioides, Rhynchostylis retusa,
Habenaria spp. Malaxis wallichii, Herminum angustifolium, Calanthe tricarinnata and Eulopia dabea.
v) Ornamental Block:
The main ornamental trees and shrubby species include Araucaria columnaris, Juniperus prostata,
Ficus elastica, Jacranda memosifolia, Koelreuteria paniculata, Ixora bicolor, Chaenomeles speciosa,
Cydonia oblonga, Chukrasia tabularis, Pterospermum acerifolium, Tectoma stans, species of Hibiscus,
Jasminum, Melia, Nelumbo nucifera, Solidago Canadensis, Butea, Erythrina, Magnolia, Michelia, Rosa
etc.. This Garden is also a centre of recreation and aesthetic beauty having lawns covered with Joycea
japonica (mat grass).
vi) Herbal Garden:
Collection of medicinal and aromatic plants is the main attraction for the visitors. There are more
than 300 species of medicinal and aromatic plants, which are domesticated, conserved, and cultivated for
multiplication purpose. There are some rare and endangered species of Himalayan herbs such as: Taxus
wallichiana, Podophyllum hexandrum, Ginkgo biloba, Aconitum heterophyllum, Paeonia emodi, Valeriana
jatamansi, Gentiana kurroo, Berberis aristata, Picrorrhiza kurrooa, Nardostachys grandiflora, Saussurea
costus, Inula racemosa etc. which are being conserved in the herbal garden.
vii) VIP Plantation Block:
Plantation of important tree species is done by VVIP’s/ VIP’s in this block. 186 different species of
trees have been planted in the block. Some of these are Eriobotrya japonica, Buxus wallichiana, species of
Terminalia, Putranjiva roxburghii, Emblica officinalis, Crataeva nurvala, Cedrus deodara, Gleditsea
tricanthos, Adenanthera pavonina, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Juglans regia, Acacia mollissima etc.
Table II: List of the families alongwith their genus and species of plants maintained in the Main
Botanic Garden
Sr.
No.
Family Genus
(No.)
Species
(No.)
Sr.
No.
Family Genus
(No.)
Species
(No.)
1. Acanthaceae 5 6 49 Gnetaceae 1 1
2. Aceraceae 1 2 50. Hydrangeaceae 1 1
3. Agavaceae 2 2 51. Hypericaceae 1 2
4. Amaranthaceae 2 2 52. Hypoxidaceae 1 1
5. Anacardiaceae 3 4 53. Iridaceae 2 2
6. Apiaceae 9 12 54. Juglandaceae 1 2
7. Apocynaceae 9 10 55. Lamiaceae 16 32
8. Araliaceae 2 2 56. Lauraceae 2 2
9. Araucariaceae 2 5 57. Liliaceae 8 13
10. Areaceae 1 1 58. Linaceae 2 2
11. Aristolochiaceae 1 1 59. Loganiaceae 1 2
12. Asclepiadaceae 5 7 60 Loranthaceae 1 1
13. Asteracae 31 37 61. Lythraceae 2 3
14. Balsaminaceae 1 1 62. Magnoliaceae 2 3
15. Bambucaceae 4 6 63. Malpighiaceae 1 1
16. Berberidaceae 1 2 64. Malvaceae 10 15
17. Bignoniaceae 6 7 65. Martyniaceae 1 1
18. Bixaceae 1 1 66. Meliaceae 5 6
19. Bombacaceae 1 1 67. Menispermaceae 3 3
20. Boraginaceae 3 3 68. Mimosaceae 7 13
21. Brassicaceae 2 2 69. Morinaceae 1 1
22. Cactaceae 1 2 70. Moringaceae 1 1
23. Caesalpiniaceae 8 16 71. Musaceae 1 1
24. Cannaceae 1 1 72. Myricaceae 1 1
25. Capparidaceae 2 2 73 Myrsinaceae 2 3
26. Caprifoliaceae 1 2 74. Myrtaceae 5 8
27. Caricaceae 1 1 75. Nandinaceae 1 1
28. Caryophyllaceae 1 1 76. Nyctaginaceae 3 3
29. Casuarinaceae 1 1 77. Nymphaeaceae 1 1
30. Celastraceae 2 3 78. Oleaceae 5 12
31. Chenopodiaceae 1 2 79. Onagraceae 1 1
32. Combretaceae 3 5 80. Orchidaceae 4 5
33. Convolvulaceae 4 4 81. Oxalidaceae 1 3
34. Coriariaceae 1 1 82. Palmaceae 1 1
35. Crassulaceae 1 1 83. Papaveraceae 2 2
36. Cucurbitaceae 2 2 84. Papilionaceae 27 39
37. Cupressaceae 3 9 85. Passifloraceae 1 1
38. Cycadaceae 1 1 86 Peaoniceae 1 1
39. Dioscoreaceae 1 6 87. Phytolaccaceae 1 1
40. Ebenaceae 1 2 88. Pinaceae 3 13
41. Ehretiaceae 1 2 89. Piperaceae 1 1
42. Elaeagnaceae 2 3 90. Pittosporaceae 1 1
43. Euphorbiaceae 15 21 91. Plantaginaceae 1 3
44. Fagaceae 3 8 92. Platanaceae 1 2
45. Flacourtiaceae 1 1 93. Plumbaginaceae 1 1
46. Gentianaceae 2 3 94. Poaceae 6 9
47. Geraniaceae 2 3 95. Podocarpaceae 1 1
48. Ginkgoaceae 1 1
Sr.
No.
Family Genus
(No.)
Species
(No.)
Sr.
No.
Family Genus
(No.)
Species
(No.)
96. Podophyllaceae 1 1 112. Sapotaceae 1 1
97. Polygonaceae 4 9 113. Saururaceae 1 1
98. Pontederiaceae 1 1 114. Saxifragaceae 1 2
99. Portulacaceae 1 1 115. Scrophulariaceae 5 6
100. Primulaceae 2 2 116. Solanaceae 10 24
101. Proteaceae 1 1 117. Sterculiaceae 4 4
102 Punicaceae 1 2 118. Taxaceae 1 1
103. Ranunculaceae 3 7 119. Taxodiaceae 3 3
104. Rhamnaceae 3 6 120. Theaceae 1 1
105. Rosaceae 13 20 121. Tiliaceae 4 5
106. Rubiaceae 8 10 122. Urticaceae/Moraceae 11 21
107. Rutaceae 7 11 123. Valerianaceae 2 3
108. Salicaceae 2 6 124. Verbenaceae 10 11
109 Sambucaceae 1 1 125. Violaceae 1 5
110. Santalaceae 2 2 126. Zingiberaceae 6 7
111. Sapindaceae 5 5 127. Zygophyllaceae 1 1
Total Families =127 Total Genus = 413 Total species = 621
Proposed 14 Themes to be created/ augumented in the Lead Thematic
Botanical Garden, including that of RET and endemic species
Plants of different groups will be collected from the forests, agricultural landscapes and other
ecosystems, research institutions and also purchased from standard/ registred nurseries, wherever available
and planted systematically in different thematic genepool gardens. Further details of plants in each Theme
are given below:
Theme 1: Endemic and RET Species Garden/ Ex situ Conservatory
Seeds, seedlings or wildlings of important Ten endemic and RET species will be collected from
forests, research institutions and planted in the Garden. At least 20-25 seedlings/saplings of each species will
be planted in the area assigned for the arboretum, managed by providing necessary shade and irrigation and
monitored for their growth parameters. Additional plants planted will be used for utilizing the material for
vegetative/clonal multiplication (Annexure 1).
Theme 2: Orchidarium (Green House)
At least 15-20 species will be selected/obtained representing both epiphytic and terrestrial orchids.
Plant propagules will be collected or purchased and standard methods of propagation and cultivation will be
adopted to grow them. In the Orchidarium, special habitat (environmentally controlled) will be provided for
epiphytic and terrestrial orchids for their optimum growth and flowering.
Theme 3: Fruit Tree Garden
Native fruits, traditional, common and rare fruits will be grown in the Garden. Improved planting
stock, especially grafted ones will be obtained from nurseries/ research institutes for early flowering and
fruiting.
Theme 4: Bambusetum
Some (10-15 species) of the common and unique (monopodial) endemic species of bamboos will be
procured from different area/ institutes and will be planted in the Garden. Each species will be represented
by at least two clumps.
Theme 5: Palm Garden (Palmetum)
About 5-10 native and exotic palms, ornamental and wild palms will be procured from various
sources (Nurseries, National Botanical Garden Research Institute, Lucknow, Kerala Forest Research
Institute) and planted in the designated Garden area.
Theme 6: Medicinal Plants Garden and essential oil Plant Garden (Herbal Garden
Planting materials of about 100 species, representing different habits such as herbs, shrubs, climbers
and trees and known for their medicinal properties, will be collected from forests and other ecosystems or
procured from research institutions and introduced maintained in the proposed medicinal plant garden.
Necessary shade and irrigation will be provided for their better growth and establishment.
Saplings of 20 Aromatic and Essential oil bearing plants will be collected from research institutions
and collection made from the Himalayan regions (and nurseries and planted in the designated area. At least
50 seedlings of each species will be planted in the area assigned, managed by providing necessary shade and
irrigation and monitored for their growth parameters.
Theme 7: Anticancer Plants Garden
About 10-15 plants known to have anticancer properties will be established in the Garden for public
awareness and research purpose.
Theme 8: Antimalarial and mosquito repellant plants Garden
About 15 plants known to have antimalarial properties and 10 plants which are known to have
mosquito repellant properties will be established in the Garden for public awareness and research purpose.
Theme 9: Anti-Oxidant Plants Garden
About 20 plants known to have antioxidant properties will be established in the Garden for public
awareness and research on cancer. Most of the plants are of native species occurring locally.
Theme 10: Aquatic Plants Garden and Conservation Area
About 5-10 native/ exotic species representing submerged or partially submerged, floating or
amphibious aquatic plants will be introduced in the conservation area. These plants will be collected and
planted in fresh water ponds specially designed.
Theme 11: Xerophytes Garden
About 15-20 species of xerophytes and succulents including both native and exotic species.Since
each of these species possesses certain characters of academic interest, they will be introduced in the garden.
In the Nature Trail, necessary habitats such as shade house, rocky beds, and sand mounds with boulders etc.
will be created for providing optimum conditions for the growth of these species.
Theme 12: Thallophyte and Bryophyte Garden (Cryptogams Garden)
Algal Collection: Agencies like National Facility for conservation and utilization of Blue Green Algae
(NFCUBGA), IARI, and New Delhi will be contacted to obtain pure cultures of algae. Two basic methods
for culturing algae namely "batch culture" and "continuous culture" will be adapted to culture collected or
procured algal species. Pure culture of all the species collected will be maintained in the laboratory in a
small building constructed for interactive information systems for nature education. Sample of different
species of algae will be displayed in the Thallophyte garden.
Bryophytes: At least about 10-15 species of Bryophytes to represent major genera will be collected from
different places, like Pachmarhi, Nainital, Sikkim. They will be grown in the suitable substrata in the
greenhouse/shade house. Adequate arrangements will be made to maintain temperature, moisture and high
humidity for the growth and survival of Bryophytes.
Theme 13: Fern and Allies House (Green House)
About 20 species of Pteridophytes will be maintained inside the green house established. The
collection would represent all genera listed and also a spectrum of biological types from small ferns to
arborescent tree ferns and from submerged aquatics to epiphytes and xerophytes will be included.
Theme 14: Gymnosperms Garden
Gymnosperms representing Cycads, Pine species, Junipers, Thuja, Ephedra, Cupressus, both native
and exotics, which are of academic and conservation interest, will be planted in the Gymnosperm garden.
Besides this, gardens of Dashmoolarishtha and Ashthaverga group of herbs/ plants used in different
relegions/ etnomedicinal importance will also be maintained for awareness purposes.
The main highlights of UHF Botanical Garden
• At present there are 621 species of plants conserved in botanical garden which includes 220 species of
herbs, 138 shrubs, 48 climbers/Twiners, 198 trees, 14 bamboos & grasses, 3 parasites/Epiphytes
representing 137 families.
• Herbal garden is having different sections i.e. Pinetum, Cacterium, Bambusetum, Orchidarium,
Ornamental block, Herbal garden and VIP plantation.
• The Herbarium of the University of which the garden is a chief component is presently having more than
900 genera and more than 2000 species belonging to 180 families.
▪ Documentation of herbal wealth of Pabber Valley, Lahaul-Spiti, Sangla Valley, Churdhar, Rohtang Pass,
Shilly wild life sanctuary, Pin Valley, Kunihar Forest Division, Parvati Valley, nahan Forest Division,
Kullu Valley has been done and the work in the Chopal, Kinnaur and Pangi area is in progress.
• Museum of official parts of medicinal and aromatic plants is also maintained in the herbarium.
• Specimens are collected, processed, mounted, labeled, classified and maintained as permanent records.
This section is a store house of information for the students, scholors, industrial entrepreneurs, NGO’s,
Farmers, Mahila Mandals etc. relating to medicinal and aromatic plants and is regularly attracting
different clienteles visiting university including VIP’s and VVIP’s.
• Seeds/planting material coupled with the related information about their cultivation, utilization and
management is provided to the needy.
• About 1500 visitors visits annually to UHF herbarium and botanical garden and number is increasing for
the last five years.
• About 2000 dignitaries including VIP’s and VVIP’s paid visit to the Herbarium till date.
• 100 species have been identified and documented as threatened and endangered in HP.
• Germplasm of about 301 species of medicinal and aromatic plants is being maintained continuously in
the Herbal Garden which are domesticated, conserved and cultivated for multiplication and for
distribution purposes.
• Continuous efforts are being made and work is in progress on collection, conservation and
multiplication of the endangered species of medicinal pants like, Aconitum heterophyllum, Angelica
glauca, Rheum australe, Inula racemosa, Saussurea costus and Rauvolfia serpentine etc.
• Nursery is regularly being raised for more than 100 species of medicinal and aromatic plants and seeds
of about 80 plant species are available for sale and distribution.
• 500 clients of different categories have been benefited under the programme by supplying seed/planting
material of medicinal and aromatic plants and medicinal tree species.
Table III: List of RET Species conserved in the Botanical Garden
S.N. Botanical Name Local Name
1. Aconitum heterophyllum Atis
2. Allium wallichii Pharna, Duno
3. Atropa belladona Belladona
4. Berberis aristata Kashmal
5. Bnium persicum Kalazeera
6. Curculigo orchoides Kali Musli
7. Dactylorrhiza hatagirea Salampanja
8. Dioscorea deltoidea Singli Mingli
9. Gentiana kurroo Karu
10. Ginkgo biloba Living Fossil Tree
11. Hebinaria pectinata Varidhi
12. Heracleum candicans Patrala
13. Inula racemosa Pushkarmool
14. Malaxis wallichii Rishbhak
15. Morina longifolia Biskandara
16. Nardostachys grandiflora Jatamansi
17. Paeonia emodi Udsalib, Peoni
18. Picrorrhiza kurrooa Kutki
19. Plumbago zeylanica Chitrak
20. Podophyllum hexandrum Bankakri
21. Polygonatum verticillatum Medha
22. Rauvolfia serpentina Sarpgandha
23. Rheum australe Revandchini
24. Saussurea lappa Kuth
25. Selinum vaginatum Bhutkesi
26. Selinum tenuifolium Muramansi
27. Skimmia laureola Kasturipatra
28. Taxus wallichiana Talispatri
29. Xanthoxylum armatum Tirmir, Tejphal
INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES AVAILABLE
Following infrastructural facilities are available with the garden at main campus at Nauni:
i) Glass house and Poly houses:
The main Botanical garden has facilities of glass house and polyhoses (5 nos), Mist Propagation unit
(1 no.), which provides shelter to many rare and endangered species of the Himalayas. These structures are
very old and need upgradation /maintenance.
ii) Net house: One number and is used for maintaining the germplasm of some RET species. It has been
badly damaged by monkeys and needs immediate repair.
iii) Solar driers: Two numbers beingused to dry/process the seeds /plant parts and needs further
upgradation.
iv) Distillation unit: There is also one distillation unit for extraction of essential oils of different
aromatic plant species.
v) Irrigation facilities: There are three water storage tanks for irrigation purposes. However dedicated
water supply to these tanks needs to be augmented. Along with creation of some more water
harvesting structures.
vi) Sprinkler Fountain: Gives aesthetic value to the garden however needs repair.
v) Herbarium: Attached to the garden. A total of 7842 herbarium sheets, as below, are now being
maintained in the herbarium. This includes new additions made during the period as well as earlier
records.
Sr. No. Group Families No. of sheets
1. Dicotyledons 132 7,116
2. Monocotyledons 16 559
3. Gymnosperm 8 123
Total 156 7,798
B. Pteridophyta 9 42
C. Thalophyta 1 2
Total (A+B+C) 166 7,842
Data base of Herbarium is being prepared and about 331 genera and 496 species of about 113 families
have been converted into electronic files. A total of 730 herbarium sheets representing 92 families have so
far been scanned into electronic files for ultimate development of digital data base of Herbarium.
vi) Cold Chamber: Used for seed storage and is presently out of order and needs to be replaced.
vii) Pathways: Temporay pathway network, which needs further repair/augmentation.
viii) Fencing /Protection: Well established barbed wire fencing gives protection, however, more area
needs to be fenced. Emphasiswill be laid on biofencing
ix) Regional Analytical Laboratory: A well equipped laboratory provide backup to quality assessment
of various medicinal plants and other non-timber forest products like gums, resins, catechin etc.
x) Seed germinator: Presently used germination studies of RET species.However it needs replacemen
being not working properly.
xi) Nursery and Experimental Plots: A well established nursey with a capcity of raising more than one
lac seedlings per year, in the gene bank site is an important facility. Besides this experimental area of
approx. one ha is available for conducting the fiel experiments.
THRUST AREAS
➢ To Conduct researches to understand bottlenecks for propagation, multiplication and rehabilitation of
selected RET species.
➢ Development of technology packages of propagation, multiplication and rehabilitation of selected
RET species.
➢ Developments of knowledge products including factsheets, field manual for identified RET species.
➢ Building capacity of diverse stakeholders in ex situ conservation, rehabilitation and recovery
programmes.
➢ Development of material for environmental awareness, Ethnobotanical aspects (Dashmoolarisht
block, Ashthaverga block, blocks of the plants used in different religions) lectures/workshops
with respect to ex situ conservation, etc.
(i) Activities to be carried out under each selected thrust area
• Research for understanding bottlenecks in propagation
➢ Field assessment of naturally occurring populations including natural recruitment and population
demography.
➢ Understand specific reproduction needs and life cycle of target species (e.g., pollination, life stages,
etc.).
➢ Investigate source specific variability in genetic make-up and responses in germination/vegetative/in
vitro propagation.
➢ Sensitivity study of the species to changing conditions/perturbations (i.e., anthropogenic and
climatic) etc.
• Propagation, Multiplication and Rehabilitation packages
➢ Standardization of seed germination, vegetative and in vitro propagation protocols
➢ Acclimatization and hardening approaches
➢ Plantation, survival and growth monitoring
➢ Substrate suitability analysis for field transfer
• Knowledge products development for RET species
➢ Preparation of fact sheets for various identified species
➢ Development of field manual and field guide
• Capacity building in ex situ conservation, rehabilitation and recovery
➢ Awareness generation, exposure visits and workshops
➢ On-site training and field schools
➢ Interactive session and field demonstrations
➢ Participatory mechanism for reintroduction in natural habitats
• Material for environmental awareness, etc.
➢ Print material for education and awareness (i.e., posters, fliers, dockets, etc.)
➢ Audio-visuals (i.e., documentary DVD) on garden and its services
➢ Facilitation of botanical garden in schools/colleges through lectures/workshops
➢ Promotion of Eco-tourism
METHODOLOGY TO BE ADOPTED
• Researches for understanding bottlenecks in propagation
i) Field studies on naturally occurring populations
➢ Information on reported locations (literature/herbarium records, etc.) of target species will be
synthesized for revisiting the sites.
➢ The status, demography and natural recruitment process of selected RET of target species (15-20)
will be investigated at different naturally occurring locations following standard phytosociological
approaches.
➢ Habitat information (i.e., substrate type, dominant vegetation, topographical features, disturbance
intensities, etc.) will be recorded and integrates using GIS tools.
ii) Understand life cycle and specific reproduction needs
➢ Life cycles of the selected RET (mainly herbs) species will be investigated in selected natural sites
for identification of critical life stage/condition which hampers its natural recruitment.
➢ Detailed investigations will be carried out for understanding the specific requirement for
reproduction (e.g., insect pollination in case of orchids and many other species) and proliferation
(e.g., bird assisted seed germination, etc.)
iii) Investigation source specific variability in genetic make-up and propagation responses
➢ Plant material collected form different sources will be assessed for genetic diversity using molecular
markers. This study will be undertaken in collaboration with researchers working on similar lines in
Biodiversity Conservation and Management thematic area in the Institute.
➢ Propagules (seeds/cutting/explants) collected from diverse sources will be investigated for variability
in propagation responses following standard propagation experiments in experimental sites of the
garden.
iv) Sensitivity to changing conditions/perturbations
➢ Species performance under different disturbance intensities will be assessed through generation and
analysis of data-sets on status, recruitment and growth from natural populations. The populations
will be grouped under different disturbance intensities following multiple attributes of disturbance
(i.e., habitat degradation, direct harvesting of target species, etc.)
➢ Efforts will be made to study response of changing climatic conditions by way of regulating various
climatic parameters (i.e., temperature, humidity, exposure to light, etc.) in controlled conditions. This
study, however, will be undertaken in collaboration with existing research expertise within the
Institute.
• Development of knowledge products
➢ Considering the research inputs generated from various activities conducted for understanding the
propagation bottlenecks (as above) and other available records (literature and herbarium records) on
individual target species, fact sheets will be developed to provide authentic details on status,
lifecycle, habitat requirement, natural recruitment and any other specific information regarding the
species. Fact sheets will also include the details on distribution (including location maps) of species
and the available historical records (herbarium/museum specimens), etc.
➢ Field identification guide cum manual on fields assessment, data recording, propagation,
multiplication and rehabilitation of species will be developed in easy to use manner.
• Propagation, Multiplication and Rehabilitation Package
Seed germination
Using seeds from best responding seed source (as identifies above), experiments will be carried out
to further standardize the propagation protocol using seeds. The seeds will be subjected to various treatments
(mechanical and chemical) for optimal germination and reduction in the mean germination time. Best
treatment for maximum germination in minimum time will be recommended for propagation through seeds.
Vegetative propagation
In case of woody species, cuttings of available wild stocks of the target species will be obtained and
following standard methods cuttings will be subjected to the treatments of plant growth regulators (PGRs).
Best PGR combination (S) for maximum rooting will identified and recommended for the selected species.
In vitro propagation
The species not responding to conventional methods of propagation will be considered for in vitro
propagation. Explants (seeds/leaf/nodal segments/buds, etc.) will be collected from the target species and
used for in vitro experiments. Data on explants establishment, shoot multiplication, and rooting will be
recorded. Once the protocol for shoot multiplication and rooting is standardize, the plants will be subjected
to acclimatization and hardening process.
Acclimatized and hardened plants will be transferred to field condition in the garden for monitoring
of different growth parameters and to recommend the best condition. This approach will be used for mass
multiplication of the planting material in limited space.
Rehabilitation of species
Using the information of habitat requirement of the species in nature (as obtained above) and
considering the response (survival and growth) of saplings in the garden condition, package of practice will
be developed for consideration with Forest Department for field transfer and subsequent monitoring and
maintenance.
• Capacity building in ex situ conservation
Following the established approach of conservation education programme in the Institute and lessons
learned from the garden in previous years, awareness and capacity building programmes will be organized
as follows:
(i) Awareness building (organization of on-site exposures and demonstrations, etc.)
(ii) Capacity enhancement of researchers/ students (orientation courses, thematic trainings on ex situ
conservation focusing on RET species)
(iii) Capacity building of other stakeholders mainly representatives of other botanical gardens, forest
department and local inhabitants mainly through organization of field schools.
• Rehabilitation and recovery programmers
➢ Collaboration will be established with the State Forest Department for identification of field sites and
taking-up rehabilitation activities.
➢ A plan of action will be developed in a participatory manner after interaction of garden researchers,
investigators and the involved field staff of forest department.
➢ The concerned field level staff will be imparted training on different aspects of rehabilitation
(including site preparation, plantation needs, monitoring and measurement on growth, etc.).
➢ Desired planting material of selected RET species species will be made available by the garden.
• Dissemination material on environmental awareness
➢ Facility will be used for creating environmental awareness amongst diverse stakeholders. Various
kinds of posters, fliers, monographs, lectures, etc. will be developed for use of different stakeholder
groups.
➢ Specifically targeting the school students and teacher, different kind of educational material will be
prepared in collaboration with on-going Conservation Garden Education programme of the Institute.
➢ A half yearly information newsletter will be brought out for wider publicity of the garden and its
activities. This newsletter will attempt to link with different botanical gardens in the region and other
initiatives on environmental education.
➢ A documentary (25 minute) on lead garden and its activities will be prepared for wider dissemination
and awareness on ex situ conservation, especially targeting RET species.
➢ A dedicated web portal on lead garden will also form a basis for dissemination.
(ii) Quartely time lines
S
N
Events Quarters
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1 Staff slection and
other facilitation
activities
2 Field research and
accession/propagul
es collection
3 Nursery/garden
experimentati
ons
Seed germinaion Vegetative
propagation
Tissue culture 4 Collaborative
research on genetic
variability and
climate change
responses
5 Awareness,
education and
capacity building
Knowledge
products based on
research
Education/
Capacity building
material
Organizaion of
events
6 Monitoring (field
and garden
activities)
7 Packages of
Technology and
techniques
8 Rehabilitation and
recovery
programme
Capacity building
of field staff
concerned
Field transfer and
rehabilitation
activities
9 Data analysis and
report writing
EXPECTED DELIVERABLES IN TERMS OF OUTPUTS
S.N. Activities Deliverables
A. Plant propagules • 20-50 plants (minimum) of each species, using different approaches
of propagation will be planted, maintained and monitored in lead
garden.
• Multiple numbers of saplings (minimum of 200-500 individuals each
for at least 15 RET species) will be made available for possible
transfer to their natural habitats.
B. Education and awareness
material • One poster and one flier for each species
• Powerpoint presentation on ex situ conservation and RET species
(CD)
• Half yearly information newsletter 2nd half of year 1 onwards of the
project.
• A 25 minute documentary lead garden, ex situ conservation and role
of diverse stakeholders.
C. Workshops/training
progamm/lectures • Exposure visit and demonstration (one for students and Teachers;
one for other stakeholders each year).
• Orientation course (1 in 3rd year – for representatives of other
botanical gardens and relevant researchers from the region).
D. Rehabilitation and
recovery programme • Multiple number ofs of saplings (minimum of 200-500 individuals
each for atleast 20 RET species) will be transferred to their natural
habitats in collaboration with forest department.
• Following the research based inputs ehabilitation and recovery plan
will be prepared for each targeted species for follow-up
rehabilitation.
E. Knowledge products
including fact sheet and
field manuals
• Fact sheets for each targeted RET species (2nd & 3rd year)
• Field identification guide-cum-manuals for targeted RET species (1st
and 2nd year)
F. Technologies/techniques
for propagation,
multiplication,
rehabilitation and recovery
programme
• Propagation and multiplication packages of each targeted RET
species.
• Field rehabilitation and recovery packages for selected RET species
THREATENED/ ENDEMIC SPECIES PROPOSED TO BE RAISED
Sr
No
Name of the Species Common
Name
Family Conservation status
A Herbs
1. Aconitum deinorrhizum Mohra Bish Rannunculaceae Endangered
2. Aconitum heterophyllum Atish Patish Rannunculaceae Critically endangered
3. Andrographis paniculata Kalmegh Acantahceae Low Risk
4. Angelica glauca Chora Apiaceae Critically endangered
5. Atropa belladonna Jalgi Solanaceae Critically endangered
6. Curculigo orchioides Kali Musli Hypoxidaceae Endangered
7. Digitalis pupurea Foxglove Scrophulariaceae Vulnerable
8. Gentiana kurroo Trayman Gentianaceae Critically endangered
9. Inula racemosa Pushkarmul Asteraceae Critically endangered
10. Malaxis mucifera Jeevak Orchidaceae Endangered
11. Podophyllum hexandrum Bankakri Podophyllaceae Critically endangered
12. Polygonatum verticillatum Medha Liliaceae Vulnerable
13. Rauvolfia sepentina Sarpgandha Apocynaceae Endangered
14. Rheum australe Revand Chini Polygonaceae Critically endangered
15. Saussurea costus Kuth Asteraceae Critically endangered
16. Swertia chirayita Chirata Gentianaceae Critically endangered
17. Trillidium govanianum Nagchhatri Trilliaceae Endangered
18. Vlaeriana jatamansi Tagar Valerianaceae Endangered
B Shrubs/Climbers
1. Berberis aristata Daruhaldi Berberidaceae Endangered
2 Debregaesia hypoluca Siaru Urticaceae Vulnerable
3. Litsea umbrosa Chrindi Lauraceae Vulnerable
4. Woodfordia fruticosa Dhai Lythraceae Least concern
5. Zanthoxylum armatum Timur Rutaceae Endangered in HP
C Trees
1. Acer oblongum Mapple Aceraceae Critically endangered
2. Ginkgo biloba Living fossil Ginkgoaceae Endangered
3. Gmelina arborea Gambhari Verbenaceae Least Concern (IUCN, 2013)
4. Moringa oliefera Drum stick Moringaceae Vulnerable (IUCN, 2013)
5. Taxus wallichiana Talispatra Taxaceae Endangered
(The IUCN Red List of Threatened
Species. Version 2014.2)
INSTITUTIONS TO BE NETWORKED WITH THE BOTANIC GARDEN
(i) State Forest Department, Himachal Pradesh
As forest department is nodal agency for in situ conservation and also involved in plantation and
rehabilitation of degraded land, Institute will establish effective network with the Forest Department for
identification on sites for reintroduction of RET species. Also, the expertise of the department will be used
for identifying diverse populations of RET species in nature of assessment. Subsequently research base
inputs will be provided to department for proper conservation of such species.
(ii) National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Shimla and New Delhi
For registration and accessioning of germplasm of selected species especially the wild edible and
medicinal plants. Expertise available with the center will be consulted for location specific information on
RET species and their propagation.
iii) Botanical Survey of India Dehradun
Help of BSI both circle will be taken for identification of target species and selection of different
localities for investigating and accession collection wherever required. In addition, BSI will be contacted
time for seeking advice on diverse aspects of taxonomy and ecology of plants.
iv) National Botanical Research Institute Lucknow
The expertise available with the institute shall be consulted for advice on developing thematic spaces
where desired. In addition to above, efforts will be made to have a close network with all the existing
botanical gardens in the Westren Himalaya and other lead gardens of the region, especially for material
exchange and research facilitation.
Efforts will also be made to establish a strong network with lead Gardens outside India, such as
Royal Botanical Garden, Edinburgh; Missouri Botanical Garden, USA; Kew Botanical Garden, Kew; Bejing
Notanic Garden, China, etc.
TIME REQUIRED FOR THE COMPLETION OF THE PROJECT
AFTER SANCTION
Five years (60 months)
Plant Species maintained at Main Botanic Garden, Nauni
At present there are 621 species of plants conserved in botanical garden which includes 220 species of herbs,
138 shrubs, 48 climbers/Twiners, 198 trees, 14 bamboos & grasses, 3 parasites/Epiphytes representing 137
families. Herbal garden is having different sections i.e. Pinetum, Cacterium, Bambusetum, Orchidarium,
Ornamental block, Herbal garden and VIP plantation.
HERBS
Sr. No. Name of species Common Name Family
1. Abelmoschus moschatus Kasturi Bhindi Malvaceae
2. Achania malvaviscus Malvaviscus Malvaceae
3. Achillea millefolium Gandana Asteraceae
4. Achyranthes aspera Puthkanda, Apamarga Amaranthaceae
5. Aconitum deinorrhizum Vatsnabh, Mohra Bish Ranunculaceae
6. Aconitum heterophyllum Atish, Patish Ranunculaceae
7. Acorus calamus Bach, Bare Araceae
8. Agave americana Ramban Agavaceae
9. Ageratum conyzoides Goat Weed, Neela Phulnu Asteraceae
10. Ainsliaea aptera Karvi- Buti Asteraceae
11. Ajuga bracteosa Neelkanthi Lamiaceae
12. Aloe barbadensis Kwarpatha, Ghee Kawar Liliaceae
13. Alpinia calcarata Kulinjan Bhed Zingiberaceae
14. Amaranthus paniculatus Chaulai, Ramdana Amaranthaceae
15. Ammi majus Bishop’s Weed Apiaceae
16. Ammi visnaga Honey Plant Apiaceae
17. Amomum subulatum Bari Illaichi Zingiberaceae
18. Anagalis arvensis Pimpernal, Jounkmari Primulaceae
19. Anaphalis busua Dharadi, Ruighas Asteraceae
20. Andrographis paniculata Kalmegh Acanthaceae
21. Anethum sowa Sowa, Shatapushpa Apiaceae
22. Angelica glauca Chora Apiaceae
23. Anthemis cotula Stinking Mayweed Asteraceae
24. Apium graveolens Celery, Ajmod Apiaceae
25. Arctium lappa Jangli Kuth, Burdock Asteraceae
26. Argemone mexicana Satyanashi, Prickly Poppy Papaveraceae
27. Artemisia annua Malaria- Buti Asteraceae
28. Artemisia roxburghiana Chhambar Asteraceae
29. Artemisia vestita Kubish Asteraceae
30. Asclepias physocarpa/A. inflata Baloon Flower Asclepiadaceae
31. Atropa acuminata Indian Belladona Solanaceae
32. Atropa belladona Belladona, Sag Angoor Solanaceae
33. Bacopa monnieri Brahmi, Jalneem Scrophulariaceae
34. Barleria prionitis Piyabansa, , Katsareya Acanthaceae
35. Berginia ciliata Pashan Bhed Saxifragaceae
36. Berginia stracheyi Pashan Bhed Saxifragaceae
37. Bidens pilosa Chorpushpi, Kumbar Asteraceae
38. Boehmeria platyphylla Handa, Samrala Urticaceae
39. Boenninghausenia albiflora Pissumar Buti Rutaceae
40. Boerhaavia diffusa Punarnava Nyctaginaceae
41. Bryophyllum pinnatum Zakhimhaiyat Crassulaceae
42. Calendula officinalis Zergul Astraceae
43. Canna edulis Cana Cannaceae
44. Cannabis sativa Bhang Urticaceae/Cannabinaceae
45. Cassia occidentalis Kasmard, Kasondi Caesalpiniaceae
46. Cassia tora Chakramard, Reli Caesalpiniaceae
47. Centella asiatica Mandookparni Apiaceae
48. Centipida orbiculari
Syn. C. minima
Nakchhikni, Sneeze Wort Asteraceae
49. Centratherum anthelminticum Kaliziri, Somraji, Ghorajiri Asteraceae
50. Centurea momylosa Centurea Asteraceae
51. Chaerophyllum villosum Meetha Patish, Noki Apiaceae
52. Chenopodium album Pig Weed, Bathua Chenopodiaceae
53. Chenopodium ambrosioides American Worm-Seed, Van-
Vastuk
Chenopodiaceae
54. Chlorophytum borivillianum Safed Musli Liliaceae
55. Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium Pyrethrum Asteraceae
56. Cichorium intybus Kasni, Chikory Asteraceae
57. Coleus barbatus/C. forskohlii Patharchur Lamiaceae
58. Commelina benghalensis Kancharta, Kena Asteraceae
59. Costus speciosus Kemuk Zingiberaceae/Costaceae
60. Crocus sativus Kesar, Saffron Irridaceae
61. Curculigo orchioides Kali Musli Hypoxidaceae
62. Curcuma longa Haldi, Turmeric Zingiberaceae
63. Cymbopogon martinii Rosha Grass, Makora Ghass Poaceae
64. Cynara scolymus Hathi Chuck, Artichoka Asteraceae
65. Cynodon dactylon Dhruv, Doob Grass Poaceae
66. Cynoglossum denticulatum Khoudre, Kumbra Boraginaceae
67. Dactylorhiza hatagirea Salam Panja Orchidaceae
68. Datura fastuosa Kala Dhatura Solanaceae
69. Datura metel var. alba Dhatura Solanaceae
70. Datura stramonium Safed Dhatura Solanaceae
71. Digitalis lanata Til Pushpi, Hrit Patri Scrophulariaceae
72. Digitalis purpurea Fox-glove Scrophulariaceae
73. Diospyros kaki Persimon Ebenaceae
74. Duchesnea indica Kiphaliya Rosaceae
75. Echinacea angustifolia Echinacea Asteraceae
76. Echinacea purpurea Echinacea Asteraceae
77. Echinops niveus Utkantkara Asteraceae
78. Eclipta alba Bhringraj Asteraceae
79. Eulophia dabia Malkand Orchidaceae
80. Euphorbia geniculata Hazardani Euphorbiaceae
81. Euphorbia hirta Dudhli-Chhoti, Lal Dudhli Euphorbiaceae
82. Euphorbia royleana Thuhar, Dandathor Euphorbiaceae
83. Euphorbia thymifolia Chhoti Dudhi Euphorbiaceae
84. Evolvulus alsinoides Shankpushpi Convolvulaceae
85. Fagopyrum esculentum Ogla, Buckwheat Polygonaceae
86. Fagopyrum tataricum Phaphra Polygonaceae
87. Foeniculum vulgare Fennel (Green), Saunf Apiaceae
88. Foeniculum vulgare (Purple
type)
Fennel (Purple) Apiaceae
89. Gentiana kurroo Karu, Trayaman Gentianaceae
90. Geranium nepalense Lal jari Geraniaceae
91. Glaucium flavum Yellow Horned Poppy Papaveraceae
92. Gloriosa superba Kalihari Liliaceae
93. Hedychium acuminatum Ban Haldi, Shatti Zingiberaceae
94. Heracleum candicans Patrala Apiaceae
95. Houttuynia cordata Tsi Saururaceae
96. Humulus lupulus Hops Urticaceae/Cannabinaceae
97. Hyoscyamus niger Khurasani Ajwain Solanaceae
98. Hypericum perforatum Basant Hypericaceae
99. Impatiens balsamina Gulmendi Balsaminaceae
100. Inula cuspidata Inula Shrub Asteraceae
101. Inula racemosa Pushkarmool Asteraceae
102. Iris hookeriana Iris Iridaceae
103. Joycia japonica Lawn Ggrass Poaceae
104. Lepidium sativum Chandrashoor Brassicaceae
105. Lespedeza gerardiana Common Lespedeza Papilionaceae
106. Leucas cephalotes Gomabuti, Dronpushpi Lamiaceae
107. Leucas lanata Dhurlu Ghas Lamiaceae
108. Linum usitatissimum Alsi, Flax, Linseed Linaceae
109. Lippia nodiflora Jalpippali Verbenaceae
110. Lotus corniculatus Birds Foot Trefoil Paplionaceae
111. Malaxis muscifera Jeevak Orchidaceae
112. Malaxis wallichiana Rishbhak Orchidaceae
113. Malva rotundifolia Khubasi Malvaceae
114. Malvestrum coromandalianum Pilia Buti Malvaceae
115. Martynia annua Kaknasa Martyniaceae
116. Matricaria chamomilla Babuna Asteraceae
117. Medicago lupulina Hop Clover Papilionaceae
118. Medicago denticulata Ban Methi Papilionaceae
119. Melilotus alba White Sweet Clover Papilionaceae
120. Melilotus officinalis Yellow Sweet Clover Papilionaceae
121. Melissa officinalis Balm Lamiaceae
122. Mentha arvensis Japanese Pepermint Lamiaceae
123. Mentha citrata Vilaiti Pudina Lamiaceae
124. Mentha longifolia Jangli Pudina Lamiaceae
125. Mentha piperita Peppermint Lamiaceae
126. Mentha spicata Pahari Pudina Lamiaceae
127. Mimosa pudica Chui-Mui,Touch Me Not Mimosaceae
128. Mirabilis jalapa Gulabbas, Four ‘o’ Clock Plant Nyctaginaceae
129. Monochoria vaginalis Tel-Nrokanda, Nanka Pontederiaceae
130. Morina longifolia Bish Kandara Morinaceae
131. Musa paradisiaca Kela, Banana Musaceae
132. Nardostachys grandiflora Balchharh, Jatamansi Valerianaceae
133. Nasturtium officinale Water Cress Brassicaceae
134. Nicandra physaloides Apple of Peru Solanaceae
135. Nymphaea sp. Pila Kamal Nymphaeaceae
136. Ocimum americanum (O. canum) Mamri, Hoary Basil Lamiaceae
137. Ocimum basilicum Sweet Basil, Bhabri Lamiaceae
138. Ocimum sanctum Rama Tulsi Lamiaceae
139. Ocimum tenuifolium Krishna Tulsi (Shyama) Lamiaceae
140. Oenothera biennis Evening Prime Rose Onagraceae
141. Origanum vulgare Sathra Lamiaceae
142. Oxalis acetosella Common Wood-Sorrel Oxalidaceae
143. Oxalis corniculata Changeri, Tinpatia Oxalidaceae
144. Oxalis latifolia Kathmandri Oxalidaceae
145. Paeonia emodi Udsalib Peaoniceae
146. Parthenium hysterophorus Congress Grass Asteraceae
147. Pelargonium graveolens Geranium (Scented) Geraniaceae
148. Pelargonium sp. Rose Geranium (Garden) Geraniaceae
149. Perilepta auriculata Kapoorminjar Acanthaceae
150. Perilla frutescens Bhangjeeri Lamiaceae
151. Phyllanthus amarus/P.fraternus Bhumi Amla Euphorbiaceae
152. Physalis minima Rasbhari Solanaceae
153. Phytolacca acinosa Jalga Phytolaccaceae
154. Picrorrhiza kurrooa Kutki Scrophulariaceae
155. Plantago lanceolata Jangli Isabgol Plantaginaceae
156. Plantago major Jangli Isabgol, Luhuriz Plataginaceae
157. Plantago ovata Isbagol Plataginaceae
158. Podophyllum hexandrum Bankakri Podophyllaceae
159. Polanasia viscosa/Cleome Harshu,Hulhul, Sticky cleome Capparidaceae
viscosa
160. Polygonatum cirrhifolium Meda Liliaceae
161. Polygonatum multiflorum Solomons Seal Liliaceae
162. Polygonatum verticillatum Maha Meda Liliaceae
163. Polygonum hydropiper Jal Marich, Pepper Wort Polygonaceae
164. Polygonum recumbens Vishalyakarni Polygonaceae
165. Portulaca oleracea Kulpha Portulacaceae
166. Potentilla fulgens Bajradanti Rosaceae
167. Primula denticulata Wild Primula, Katokoi Primulaceae
168. Psoralea corylifolia Babchi Papilionaceae
169. Rheum australe Revandchini Polygonaceae
170. Rheum moorcroftianum Rubarb, Tukshu Polygonaceae
171. Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary Lamiaceae
172. Ruellia indica Ruellia Acanthaceae
173. Rumex dentatus Lalbibi, Jangli Palak Polygonaceae
174. Rumex hastatus Berimalori Polygonaceae
175. Rumex nepalensis Jangli Palak Polygonaceae
176. Ruta graveolens Sadab, Rue Rutaceae
177. Salvia coccinea Salvia Lamiaceae
178. Salvia lanata Dhurlu Ghas Lamiaceae
179. Salvia moorcroftiana Thuth Lamiaceae
180. Salvia sclarea Clary-Sage Lamiaceae
181. Saussurea costus Kuth Asteraceae
182. Selinum tenuifolium Muramansi Apiaceae
183. Selinum vaginatum Bhutkesi Apiaceae
184. Sida cordifolia Bala Malvaceae
185. Sida rhombifolia Kharenti Malvaceae
186. Siegesbeckia orientalis Lichkura, Choplo Asteraceae
187. Silybum marianum Milk Thistle Asteraceae
188. Solanum khasianum Ban Bhindi Solanaceae
189. Solanum nigrum Makoi Solanaceae
190. Solanum pseudocapsicum Gol Mirch Solanaceae
191. Solanum surattense Kateli (Chhoti) Solanaceae
192. Spilanthes acmella Akarkara Asteraceae
193. Stellaria media Chick Weed Caryophyllaceae
194. Swertia angustifolia Chhota Chirayata Gentianaceae
195. Swertia chirayita Chirayata Gentianaceae
196. Tagetes erecta Gainda Asteraceae
197. Tagetes minuta Jangli Gainda Asteracae
198. Tagetes patula Chhota Gainda Asteraceae
199. Taraxacum officinale Dudhali Asteraceae
200. Tephrosia purpurea Sharpankha Papilionaceae
201. Thalictrum foliolosum Mamiri, Pilijari Ranunculaceae
202. Thymus serpyllum Ban ajwayan Lamiaceae
203. Thymus vulgaris Thyme Lamiaceae
204. Tribulus terrestris Gokhshru, Bhakhra Zygophyllaceae
205. Trichodesma indica Andhahuli Boraginaceae
206. Trifolium pratense Red Clover Papilionaceae
207. Trifolium repens White Clover Papilionaceae
208. Trilidium govanianum Trilium Lilliaceae
209. Triumfetta rhomboidea Chikti Tiliaceae
210. Urginia indica Jangli Piyaz Liliaceae
211. Urtica dioica Bichhu-Buti Urticaceae
212. Valeriana jatamansi Mushkbala, Nihani Valerianaceae
213. Valeriana officinalis Valerian Valerianaceae
214. Verbascum thapsus Jangli Tambakhu Scrophulariaceae
215. Verbena officinalis Vervain Verbenaceae
216. Vernonia cinerea Sahadevi Asteraceae
217. Viola odorata Vilayati Banaksha Violaceae
218. Viola patrinii Joshanda buti Violaceae
219. Viola pilosa Banafsha Violaceae
220. Viola tricolor Pansy Violaceae
221. Xanthium strumarium Bara Gokhru Asteraceae
222. Zingiber officinale Adrak, Zinger Zingiberaceae
223. Zingiber zerumbet Jangli Adrak Zingiberaceae
CLIMBERS
1. Abrus precatorius Ratti (Lal) Papilionaceae
2. Abrus pulchellus Safed Ratti Papilionaceae
3. Argyria speciosa Vidhara Convolvulaceae
4. Aristolochia elegans Calico Flower Aristolochiaceae
5. Asparagus racemosus Shatavri Liliaceae
6. Bryonopsis laciniosa Shivlangi Cucurbitaceae
7. Cardiospermum halicacabum Kan-Phuti, Karansphutika Sapindaceae
8. Celastrus paniculata Malkangni Celastraceae
9. Cissampelos pareira Patha, Patindu Menispermaceae
10. Clematis gouriana Belkangu Ranunculaceae
11. Clematis montana Morbel Ranunculaceae
12. Clematis nutans Kaunibel Ranunculaceae
13. Clematis paniculata Ornamental Clematis Ranunculaceae
14. Clitoria ternatea Aparajita Papilionaceae
15. Cryptolepis buchanani Karanta Asclepiadaceae
16. Dioscorea alata Chubri Alu Dioscoreaceae
17. Dioscorea bulbifera Ratalu, Varahikanda Dioscoreaceae
18. Dioscorea composita Dioscorea Dioscoreaceae
19. Dioscorea deltoidea Singli-Mingli Dioscoreaceae
20. Dioscorea pentaphylla Kanta Alu Dioscoreaceae
21. Dioscorea sativa Tardi Dioscoreaceae
22. Gymnema sylvestre Gurmar Buti Asclepiadaceae
23. Hedera helix Ivy Araliaceae
24. Helinus lanceolatus Gurmar Rhamnaceae
25. Hiptage benghalensis Madhvilata Malpighiaceae
26. Ipomoea hederacea Kala Dana Convolvulaceae
27. Jasminum arborescens Chameli, Tree Jasmine Oleaceae
28. Jasminum grandiflorum Chameli Oleaceae
29. Jasminum officinale Chameli, Motiya Oleaceae
30. Mucuna capitata Safed Kaunch Papilionaceae
31. Mucuna imbricata Kali-Bari Kaunch Papilionaceae
32. Mucuna pruriens Horse- Eye Bean, Kawanch (kali) Papilionaceae
33. Passiflora incarnata Passion Flower Passifloraceae
34. Piper longum Magha, Pippali Piperaceae
35. Pueraria tuberosa Bidarikand Papilionaceae
36. Pyrostegia venusta Golden Shower Bignoniaceae
37. Quisqualis indica Rangoon Creeper Combretaceae
38. Rosa brunonii Kuja Rosaceae
39. Rubia cordifolia Manjishtha Rubiaceae
40. Smilax aspera Chob-Chini Bhed Liliaceae
41. Smilax parviflora Chob-Chini Bhed Liliaceae
42. Stephania glabra Bishkhapra Menispermaceae
43. Tecoma grandiflora Chinese Trumpet Creeper Bignoniaceae
44. Tinospora malabarica Giloye Menispermaceae
45. Trichosanthes bracteata Lal Indryan Cucurbitaceae
46. Tylophora hirsuta Atterni buti Asclepiadaceae
47. Tylophora indica Anantmul, Dama Buti Asclepiadaceae
48. Wisteria sinensis Chinese Wisteria Papilionaceae
C. Parasites/ Epiphytes
1. Cuscuta reflexa Akash bel Convolvulaceae
2. Vanda tesselata Banda, Rasna Orchidaceae
3. Viscum album Banda, Mistleloe Loranthaceae
SHRUBS
1. Abutilon hirsutum Bari Kanghi Malvaceae
2. Abutilon indicum Atibala, Kanghi Malvaceae
3. Amorpha fruticosa Amorpha Papilionaceae
4. Asclepias curassavica Kaktundi Asclepiadaceae
5. Asparagus adscendens Shatavar, Seinsarbuti Liliaceae
6. Asparagus filicinus Shatjata Liliaceae
7. Baliospermum montanum Dantti Euphorbiaceae
8. Barleria cristata Nili Basuti Acanthaceae
9. Berberis aristata Daruhaldi Berberidaceae
10. Berberis lycium Kashmal Berberidaceae
11. Bignonia speciosa Bigonia Bignoniaceae
12. Bougainvillea spp. Bougainvillea Nyctaginaceae
13. Buddleia asiatica Butterfly Bush, Newarpati Loganiaceae
14. Buddleia lindleyana Buddelia Loganiaceae
15. Caesalpinia bonducella Karanju Caesalpiniaceae
16. Cajanus cajan Arhar Papilionaceae
17. Calliandra haematocephala Calliandra Mimosaceae
18. Callicarpa macrophylla Daya, Priyangu Verbenaceae
19. Calotropis procera Aak, Madar Asclepiadaceae
20. Camellia sinensis Tea, Chai Theaceae
21. Carissa carandas Karoundaha, Garnu Apocynaceae
22. Caryopteris odorata Chingari Verbenaceae
23. Cassia glauca Mothatarvad Caesalpiniaceae
24. Cathranthus roseus Sadabhar Apocynaceae
25. Cestrum album - Solanaceae
26. Cestrum diurnum Din ka Raja Solanaceae
27. Cestrum nocturnum Rat ki Rani Solanaceae
28. Choenomeles speciosa Chaemomiles Rosaceae
29. Clerodendrum fragrans Attardana Verbenaceae
30. Colebrookea oppositifolia Binda Lamiaceae
31. Coriaria nepalensis Makola, Gongar Coriariaceae
32. Cytissus scoparious Spanish Brown Papilionaceae
33. Datura suaveolens Angeles Trumpet Solanaceae
34. Debregeasia hypoleuca Siaru Urticaceae
35. Diospyros lotus Amlok, Bandook Ebenaceae
36. Dodonaea viscosa Mendric Sapindaceae
37. Dombeya natalensis Changing Rose Sterculiaceae
38. Duranta plumieri Neel Kanthi Verbenaceae
39. Elaeagnus umbellata Gyayin, Guan Elaeagnaceae
40. Ephedra gerardiana Somlata Gnetaceae
41. Euonymus japonicus Golden pillar Celastraceae
42. Euphorbia pulcherrima Poinsettia Euphorbiaceae
43. Excoecaria bicolor Exoecaria Euphorbiaceae
44. Flemingia bracteata Kanphuti, Virvrat Papilionaceae
45. Flemingia congesta Bada-Salpan Papilionaceae
46. Gardenia florida Bada Motia Rubiaceae
47. Gardenia jasminoides Gandharaj Rubiaceae
48. Glycyrrhiza glabra Mulhatti Papilionaceae
49. Gossypium arboreum Cotton Tree Malvaceae
50. Helicteres isora Marorphali Steculiaceae
51. Hibiscus mutabilis Changing Rose Malvaceae
52. Hibiscus mybeauty Hibiscus Malvaceae
53. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Shoe-Flower, Gurhal Malvaceae
54. Hibiscus syriacus Nili Jaswand Malvaceae
55. Hippophae rhamnoides Chharma, Sea-buck thorn Elaeagnaceae
56. Hippophae salicifolia Chuma, Kalabis Elaeagnaceae
57. Hydrangea hortensis Hydrangia Hydrangeaceae
58. Hypericum oblongifolium Piunli Hypericaceae
59. Ichnocarpus frutescens Kishva, Sariva Apocynaceae
60. Indigofera gerardiana Khenti, Kathi Papilionaceae
61. Indigofera pulchella Kathi Papilionaceae
62. Ixora bicolor Rangan Rubiaceae
63. Jasminum humile Peeli Chameli Oleaceae
64. Jasminum primulinum Jhar Chameli Oleaceae
65. Jasminum sambac Mogra, Bela Oleaceae
66. Juniperus chinensis Juniper Cupressaceae
67. Juniperus prostrata Ornamental Prostrate Juniper Cupressaceae
68. Justicia adhatoda Basuti, Adusa Acanthaceae
69. Lagerstroemia indica Crape Myrtle, Bhurush Lythraceae
70. Lantana camara Phool-Lakri Verbenaceae
71. Lantana indica Garden Lantana Verbenaceae
72. Lavandula angustifolia Lavender Lamiaceae
73. Lavandula stoechas French Lavender Lamiaceae
74. Leptodermis lanceolata Padara Rubiaceae
75. Lespedeza stenocarpa Shrubby Lespedeza Papilionaceae
76. Ligustrum ovalifolium California Privet Oleaceae
77. Lonicera angustifolia Piddu, Bandakh Caprifoliaceae
78. Lonicera japonica Japani Honey Suckle Caprifoliaceae
79. Meriandra strobilifera Boothi Lamiaceae
80. Millettia auriculata Ganj Papilionaceae
81. Mimosa rubicaulis Shiah-kanta Mimosaceae
82. Murraya koenigii Kari Patta, Gandhelau Rutaceae
83. Murraya paniculata Kamini Rutaceae
84. Myrsine africana Chapra, Bidangbhed Myrsinaceae
85. Myrsine semiserrata Chupra Myrsinaceae
86. Nandina domestica Nandina Nandinaceae
87. Nerium indicum Rakt Kaner Apocynaceae
88. Nicotiana tabacum Tambakhu Solanaceae
89. Ocimum viride Fever Plant, Shrubby Basil Lamiaceae
90. Ocimum kilimandscharicum Kapoor Tulsi Lamiaceae
91. Opuntia dillenii Nagphani Cactaceae
92. Opuntia elatior Nagphani Cactaceae
93. Osyris arborea Banchai Santalaceae
94. Plectranthus rugosus Chichari Lamiaceae
95. Plumbago zeylanica Chitrak Plumbaginaceae
96. Pogostemon benghalensis Kali Basuti Lamiaceae
97. Poinsettia pulcherrima Poinsettia Euphorbiaceae
98. Prinsepia utilis Bekhal Rosaceae
99. Pyracantha crenulata Jangli Seb Rosaceae
100. Randia dumetorum Madan Phal, Rada Rubiaceae
101. Randia tetrasperma Chhota rada Rubiaceae
102. Rauvolfia serpentina Sarpgandha Apocynaceae
103. Rauvolfia tetraphylla Bara Chandrike Apocynaceae
104. Reinwardtia indica Basant Linaceae
105. Rhamnus triquetra Grhaleju Rhamnaceae
106. Rhamnus virgata Chato, Thorni Rhamnaceae
107. Rhus cotinus (Cotinus coggygria) Tungla, Tung Anacardiaceae
108. Rhus parviflora Samakidana, Tintarik Anacardiaceae
109. Rosa alba Safed Gulab Rosaceae
110. Rosa damascena Bulgarian Rose Rosaceae
111. Rosa spp. Gulab Prayatyan Rosaceae
112. Rubus ellipticus Aakhe Rosaceae
113. Salvia officinalis Sage Lamiaceae
114. Sambucus nigra American Elder Sambucaceae
115. Sarcococca pruniformis - Euphorbiaceae
116. Skimmia laureola Kasturi-Patra Rutaceae
117. Solanum indicum Birhatta, Bari Kantkari Solanaceae
118. Solanum laciniatum Kangaroo Apple Solanaceae
119. Solanum sissymbrifolium Safed Kantkari Solanaceae
120. Solanum torvum Titbaigun Solanaceae
121. Solanum verbascifolium Asheta, Kala mewa Solanaceae
122. Solidago canadensis Golden Rod Astraceae
123. Spermadictyon suaveolens Mahabal, Padara Rubiaceae
124. Spirea corymbosa Spiraea Rosaceae
125. Syringa vulgaris Lilly or Banphunt Oleaceae
126. Tecoma stans Yellow Elder Bignoniaceae
127. Thevetia neriifolia Pili Kaner Apocynaceae
128. Uraria hamosa Prishnparni Papilionaceae
129. Urena lobata Lotloti Malvaceae
130. Vinca major Green Periwinkle Apocynaceae
131. Vitex negundo Nirgundi Verbenaceae
132. Withania somnifera Ashwagandha Solanaceae
133. Woodfordia fruticosa Dhai, Dhataki Lythraceae
134. Yucca gloriosa Yucca, Spanish Dagger Agavaceae
135. Zanthoxylum armatum Tirmir Rutaceae
136. Ziziphus mauritiana Badir, Berr Rhamnaceae
137 Ziziphus nummularia Jharber Rhamnaceae
138 Ziziphus oxyphylla Jharber Rhamnaceae
E. Bamboos and Grasses
1. Arundinaria falcata Himalayan Bamboo Bambucaceae
2. Bambusa nutans Bans Bambucaceae
3. Bambusa ventricosa Budha’s Belley Bamboo Bambucaceae
4. Coix lachryma-jobii Gurlu, Job’s Tears Poaceae
5. Cymbopogon citratus Hari Chai, Cetronella Grass Poaceae
6. Cymbopogon flexuosus Malabar Grass Poaceae
7. Cymbopogon nardus Ganjani,Katrin Poaceae
8. Cyperus rotundus Motha, Nagar Motha Poaceae
9. Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Kaghzi Bans, Maggar Bans Bambucaceae
10. Dendrocalamus strictus Bans Lakar, Baianj Bambucaceae
11. Vetiveria zizanioides Khas Poaceae
TREES 1. Abroma augusta Devil’s Cotton Sterculiaceae
2. Acacia catechu Khair Mimosaceae
3. Acacia mollissima Black Wattle Mimosaceae
4. Acacia nilotica Kikar Mimosaceae
5. Acer oblongum Parag, Indian Maple Aceraceae
6. Acer pictum Kandal (Maple) Aceraceae
7. Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Pink Cedar Caesalpiniaceae
8. Adenanthera pavonina Red Sandal Wood Tree Mimosaceae
9. Aegle marmelos Bael, Bilve Rutaceae
10. Aesculus indica Khanor, Horse-Chestnut Sapindaceae
11. Agathis robusta Agathy Pine Araucariaceae
12. Ailanthus altissima Ailanto, Maharukh Meliaceae
13. Albizia lebbek Siris Mimosaceae
14. Albizia odoratissima Kala Siris Mimosaceae
15. Albizia procera Safed Siris Mimosaceae
16. Albizia stipulata Ohi, Chiuli Mimosaceae
17. Aleurites fordii Tung Nut Tree Euphorbiaceae
18. Aleurites montana Tung Oil Tree Euphorbiaceae
19. Alnus nitida Kunish, Alder Fagaceae
20. Anogeissus latifolia Chhal, Bakla Combretaceae
21. Anthocephalus chinensis Kadamb Rubiaceae
22. Araucaria bidwelli Monkey Puzzle Araucariaceae
23. Araucaria columnaris Monkey Puzzle Araucariaceae
24. Araucaria cooki Monkey Puzzle Araucariaceae
25. Araucaria cunninghamii Hoop Pine Araucariaceae
26. Artocarpus heterophyllus Kathal Urticaceae/Moraceae
27. Artocarpus lakoocha Barhal, Lakuchi, Dheu Urticaceae/Moraceae
28. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae
29. Bassia butyracea Phulwara, Mahua Sapotaceae
30. Bauhinia galpinii Galpin’s Bauhinia Caesalpiniaceae
31. Bauhinia purpurea Lal Kachnar Caesalpiniaceae
32. Bauhinia retusa Kandla Caesalpiniaceae
33. Bauhinia vahlii Malijhan, Tour Caesalpiniaceae
34. Bauhinia variegata Kachnar, Kauchnar Caesalpiniaceae
35. Bixa orellena Sinduri Bixaceae
36. Bolusanthes speciosus False Wisteria Papilionaceae
37. Bombax ceiba Red Silk, Semul Bombacaceae
38. Broussonetia papyrifera Paper Mulbery Urticaceae/Moraceae
39. Butea monosperma Dhak,Palash, Tesu Papilionaceae
40. Buxus wallichiana Papri, Box- Weed Euphorbiaceae/Buxaceae
41. Callistemon lanceolatus Bottle Brush Myrtaceae
42. Carica papaya Papita Caricaceae
43. Carya illinoensis Pecan Nut Myrtaceae
44. Cassia fistula Amltas Caesalpiniaceae
45. Castanea sativa European Chest Nut, Fagaceae
46. Casuarina equisetifolia Jangli Saru, She Oak , Casuarinaceae
47. Cedrus deodara Deodar Pinaceae
48. Celtis australis Khirak Urticaceae
49. Ceratonia siliqua Carob tree, Carob Bean Caesalpiniaceae
50. Chorisia speciosa Floss Silk Tree Bambacaceae
51. Chukrasia tabularis Chikrasi, White Cedar Meliaceae
52. Cinnamomum camphora Kapoor, Camphor Tree Lauraceae
53. Citrus aurantifolia Kagji Nimbu Rutaceae
54. Citrus limon Pahari Nimbu Rutaceae
55. Citrus medica Bijaura Rutaceae
56. Citrus reticulata Santra, Orange Rutaceae
57. Cordia dichotoma Lasura Boraginaceae
58. Crataeva nurvala Barna, Varun Capparidaceae
59. Croton tiglium Japhlota, Jamalgota Euphorbiaceae
60. Cryptomeria japonica Dhupi Taxodiaceae
61. Cunninghamia sinensis Cunninghamia Taxodiaceae
62. Cupressus arizonica Cypress Cupressaceae
63. Cupressus funebris Weeping Cypress Cupressaceae
64. Cupressus lusitanica Mexican Cypress Cupressaceae
65. Cupressus sempervirens Saru Cupressaceae
66. Cupressus torulosa Devidiar Cupressaceae
67. Cycas revoluta Sago-palm Cycadaceae
68. Cydonia oblonga Bihi Dana, Quince Rosaceae
69. Cyphomandra betacea Tree Tomato Solanaceae
70. Dalbergia sissoo Shisham Papilionaceae
71. Delonix regia Gulmohar Caesalpiniaceae
72. Ehretia acuminata Gual Ehretiaceae
73. Ehretia laevis Papri Ehretiaceae
74. Eleocarpus ganitrus Syn. E.
sphaericus
Rudraksh Tiliaceae
75. Embelia robusta Bidangbhed Myrsinaceae
76. Emblica officinalis Aonla Euphorbiaceae
77. Enterolobium timbouva Timbouva Mimosaceae
78. Eriobotrya japonica Lokat Rosaceae
79. Erythrina blakei Erythyrina Papilionaceae
80. Erythrina cristagalli Coral-Tree Papilionaceae
81. Erythrina suberosa Pangra, Paribhdra Papilionaceae
82. Erythrina variegata Dadap Papilionaceae
83. Eucalyptus hybrida Eucalyptus Myrtaceae
84. Eucalyptus teriticornis Safeda Myrtaceae
85. Eucalyptus umbellata Safeda Myrtaceae
86. Euonymus pendulus Gwali, Chopra Celastraceae
87. Fatsia hedera Fatsia Araliaceae
88. Ficus auriculata Timal Urticaceae/Moraceae
89. Ficus benghalensis Banyan tree, Bargad Urticaceae/Moraceae
90. Ficus benjamina Java Fig Urticaceae/Moraceae
91. Ficus elastica Rubber Tree Urticaceae/Moraceae
92. Ficus glomerata Gular Urticaceae/Moraceae
93. Ficus lucescens Plaksha Urticaceae/Moraceae
94. Ficus palmata Fegra, Wild fig UrticaceaeMoraceae
95. Ficus religiosa Pipal Urticaceae/Moraceae
96. Ficus rumphii Gagjaria, Paker Urticaceae/Moraceae
97. Ficus virens Pilkhan Urticaceae/Moraceae
98. Fraxinus excelsior Kum, um (European ash) Oleaceae
99. Fraxinus floribunda Angan Oleaceae
100. Ginkgo biloba Living Fossil Tree Ginkgoaceae
101. Gleditsia assamica Gleditsia Caesalpiniaceae
102. Gleditsia triacanthos Honey Locust Caesalpiniaceae
103. Gmelina arborea Gambhari Verbenaceae
104. Grevillea robusta Silver Oak Proteaceae
105. Grewia laevigata Thrian Tiliaceae
106. Grewia optiva Bieul Tiliaceae
107. Holarrhena antidysenterica Kutaj, Indrajau Apocynaceae
108. Jatropha curcas Japhlota, Safed Erand Euphorbiaceae
109. Juglans nigra Kala Akhrot Juglandaceae
110. Juglans regia Akhrot, Walnut Juglandaceae
111. Jacaranda mimosifolia Nili Gulmohar Bignoniaceae
112. Koelreutaria paniculata Chinese Rain Tree Sapindaceae
113. Kydia calycina Pola, Pulah Malvaceae
114. Lagerstroemia parvilfoia Dhaura, Seja Lythraceae
115. Leucaena leucocephala Su-Babool Mimosaceae
116. Machilus duthei Kalu, Bhajole Lauraceae
117. Magnolia grandiflora Him Champa Magnoliaceae
118. Mallotus philippinensis Kamila, Kamal Euphorbiaceae
119. Malus baccata Jangli Seb, Crab Apple Rosaceae
120. Malus pumila Seb, Apple Rosaceae
121. Michelia alba Safed Champa Magnoliaceae
122. Michelia champaca Champa Magnoliaceae
123. Melia azedarach Drekh, Bakain Meliaceae
124. Melia composita Kuriaput Meliaceae
125. Moringa pterygosperma Sahinjna, Shigru Moringaceae
126. Morus alba Shahtoot Urticaceae/Moraceae
127. Myrica esculenta Kaiphal Myricaceae
128. Olea cuspidata Kahu, Indian Olive Oleaceae
129. Olea europaea Zaitun, Olive Oleaceae
130. Oroxylum indicum Arlu, Tatpalanga Bignoniaceae
131. Ougeinia oojeinensis Sandan, Panjan Papilionaceae
132. Peltophorum pterocarpum Copper Pod Caesalpiniaceae
133. Phoenix humile Jangli Khajur Palmaceae
134. Picea smithiana Spruce Pinaceae
135. Pinus carribea Exotic Pine Pinaceae
136. Pinus densiflora Exotic Pine Pinaceae
137. Pinus elliotii Exotic Pine Pinaceae
138. Pinus gerardiana Chilgoza, Neoza Pinaceae
139. Pinus laricio Exotic Pine Pinaceae
140. Pinus oocarpa Exotic Pine Pinaceae
141. Pinus patula Exotic Pine Pinaceae
142. Pinus radiata Exotic Pine Pinaceae
143. Pinus roxburghii Chir Pine Pinaceae
144. Pinus taeda Exotic Pine Pinaceae
145. Pinus wallichiana Blue Pine Pinaceae
146. Pistacia integerrima Kakarsingi Anacardiaceae
147. Pittosporum floribundum Tumri, Bikhari Pittosporaceae
148. Platanus occidentalis American Cycamore Platanaceae
149. Platanus orientalis Chinar Platanaceae
150. Podocarpus neriifolius Halis Podocarpaceae
151. Pongamia pinnata Karanj Papilionaceae
152. Populus alba Safed Poplar Salicaceae
153. Populus ciliata Tilaunja, Poplar (Himalyan) Salicaceae
154. Populus deltoidea Vilayati Poplar Salicaceae
155. Populus nigra Black Poplar Salicaceae
156. Poulownia tomentosa Poulownia (Chinese) Scrophulariaceae
157. Premna integrifolia Arni Verbenaceae
158. Prunus armeniaca Khumani, Chuli Rosaceae
159. Prunus cerasoides Pajja, Wild Birds Cherry Rosaceae
160. Prunus persica Aru, Peach Rosaceae
161. Psidium guajava Amrud Myrtaceae
162. Pterospermum acerifolium Kanak Champa Sterculiaceae
163. Punica granatum Daru, Anardana Punicaceae
164. Punica nana Gule-Anar Punicaceae
165. Putranjiva roxburghii Putranjiva, Jiyapota Euphorbiaceae
166. Pyrus communis Nashpati, Pear Rosaceae
167. Pyrus pashia Kainth, Mahoul Rosaceae
168. Quercus dilatata Mohru Fagaceae
169. Quercus glauca Bani Fagaceae
170. Quercus leucotricophora Ban Oak Fagaceae
171. Quercus pedunculata European Oak Fagaceae
172. Quercus rubra European Oak Fagaceae
173. Quercus semecarpifolia Kharshu Fagaceae
174. Ricinus communis Erand, Castor Bean Euphorbiaceae
175. Robinia pseudacacia Robinia, Locust Tree Paplionaceae
176. Salix alba Kashimiri Willow Salicaceae
177. Salix babylonica Majnu Salicaceae
178. Santalum album Chandan Santalaceae
179. Sapindus mukorossi Reetha, Soapnut Sapindaceae
180. Sapium insigne Khirun, Balodar Euphorbiaceae
181. Sapium sebiferum Vilayati-Shisham Euphorbiaceae
182. Spondias pinnata Ambara Anacardiaceae
183. Stereospermum xylocarpum Vedanguruni, Patla Bignoniaceae
184. Syzygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae
185. Syzygium jambos Gulab Jamun Myrtaceae
186. Taxodium mucronatum Mexican Marsh-Cypress Taxodiaceae
187. Taxus wallichiana Talishpatra Taxaceae
188. Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae
189. Terminalia bellirica Bahera Combretaceae
190. Terminalia chebula Harad Combretaceae
191. Thuja orientalis Morpankhi Cupressaceae
192. Thuja plicata Giant Arbor-Vitae Cupressaceae
193. Tilia europea European Linden Tiliaceae
194. Toona ciliata Red Cedar, Toon Meliaceae
195. Ulmus laevigata Kain, Marinu Urticaceae/Ulmaceae
196. Wendlandia exserta Chanlai Rubiaceae
197. Wrightia tomentosa Dharaula, Mitha Kutaj Apocynaceae
198. Xylosma longifolium Drendu Flacourtiaceae
PROGRESS REPORT
2016-17
1. Name of the Scientist and Organization : Dr Bhupender Dutt, Professor
Department of Forest Products, College of
Forestry, Dr YS Parmar UHF Nauni, Solan
2. Sanction Order, Date and Amount of
grant-in-aid sanctioned and released
: File No. 10/17/2015-CS/BG
Dairy No. 166 O/o SCD/JD/07.10.16
Rs 22,94,000/-
3. Period of Report (Exact Date) : November, 2016 to March, 31st 2017
4. Details of activities with targets and achievements:
Sr.
No.
Components Physical Target(s) Achievement(s) Financial
Target(s) (Rs)
Achievement
(s) (Rs)
I Civil works e.g.,
conservatory, mist
chamber, boundary wall,
etc.
Repairing of
polyhouses, pathways,
boundary walls
Biofencing of Botanic
Garden boundaries were
initiated with species of
Agave & Duranta,
Dodonaea and some
other shrubs/climbers and
the work is still under
progress.
7,75,000/- 7,75,000/-
II Equipments- Scientific
technical and garden
equipments.
Purchasing of lab and
garden equipments
Microscope, measuring
tape, digital caliper,
digital weighing balance,
secateurs, pruning saw,
hedge shear etc.
75,000/- 54,510/-
III Irrigation facilities Augmentation of
irrigation facilities to
the Garden
The work has been
initiated and is under
progress.
4.00,000/- 4,00,000/-
IV Threatened/ endemic
species or recommended
by BSI for conservation
and collection.
-Acer oblongum Wall.
ex DC.
-Aconitum
heterophyllum Wall. ex
Royle
-Aconitum violaceum
Jacq. ex Stampf
-Angelica glauca
Edgew.
-Arnebia euchroma
(Royle ex Benth.) I M
Johnston
-Atropa belladonna L.
-Berberis aristata DC.
-Colchicum luteum
Baker
-Curculigo orchoides
Gaertn.
-Ginkgo biloba L.
-Ginkgo biloba L.
-Podophyllum
hexandrum Royle
-Rauvolfia serpentina
(L.) Benth ex Kurz
Saussuria costus (Falc.)
Lipsch.
-Swertia chirayita
(Roxb. ex Fleming)
Karsten
-Valaeriana jatamansi
Jones
-Zanthoxylum alatum
DC.
Seeds and seedlings of
these species has been
procured and introduced
in the Garden. Further
multiplication and
-Gmelina arborea
Roxb.
-Malaxis muscifera
(Lindl.) Kuntze
-Podophyllum
hexandrum Royle
-Polygonatum
verticillatum L.
-Rauvolfia serpentina
(L.) Benth ex Kurz
-Saussuria costus
(Falc.) Lipsch.
-Swertia chirayita
(Roxb. ex Fleming)
Karsten
-Taxus wallichiana
Zucc.
-Trillidium govanianum
Wall. ex Royle (Kunth)
-Valaeriana jatamansi
Jones
-Zanthoxylum alatum
DC.
introduction of new
species is under progress.
V Directional and
informational signages
Funds not released for current financial year 2016-17 and this aspect will be taken care
in the year 2017-18
VI Lighting, pathway, etc. Renovation of existing pathways
initiated and further work is under
process.
As per
Sr. no. I
(above)
The lighting etc.
will be
considered in
the financial
year 2017-18
after release of
funds for the
same.
VII Outputs of Research/
Education/ Awareness
activities/ resource
materials
Development of Herbal Garden
The following species of Medicinal and aromatic plants are
being grown/ maintained in the Herbal Garden.
-Aloe barbedensis Mill.
-Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit.
-Apium graveolens L.
-Alpinia galangal (L.) Willd.
-Asparagus recemosa Willd
-Beccopa monieri (L.) Pennell
-Cynara cardanculus L.
-Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T.Aiton
-Croton tiglium L.
-Digitalis purpuria L.
-Digitalis lanata Ehrh.
-Dioscoria deltoids L.
-Glycyrrhiza glabra L.
-Lavandula angustifolia Mill.
-Matricaria chamomilla L.
- Mentha spicata L.
- Mentha piperata L.
-Mentha arvensis L.
-Oenothera biennis L.
-Origanum vulgare L.
-Paeonia emodi Wall. ex Royle
-Piper longum L.
-Rosemarinus officinalis L.
-Saussuria costus (Falc.) Lipsch.
-Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poeppig and Endlicher) H.
Robinson
-Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.
-Thymus vulgaris L.
-Viola odorata L.
-Valeriana jatamansi Jones ex Roxb.
-Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
Pinetum
The major species being maintained/ introduced are:
-Agathis robusta (C.Moore ex F.Muell.) Bailey
-Araucaria cunninghamii Mudie
-Araucaria bidwillii Hook.,
-Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G.Don,
-Cupressus torulosa D.Don.
-Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D.Don.
-Juniperus prostrata L.
-Pinus roxburghii Sarg.
-P. patula Schiede ex Schltdl.& Cham.
-Podocarpus neriifolius D. Don,
-Pinus greggii Engelm. ex Parl
-Taxodium mucronatum Ten.
-Cycas L.
-Thuja plicata Donn ex D.Don.
-Taxus wallichiana Zucc. etc.
Bambusetum
Some of the species introduced/ maintained are:
-Arundineria falcata Michx.
- Bambusa ventricosa McClure
-Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees -Phyllostachys aurea Riviere & C.Rivière.
Fruit Block
The species introduced are :
-Malus pumila Millar
- Prunus persica L.
- Pyrus communis L.
-Prunus domestica L.
- Phyllanthus emblica L.
-Psidium guajava L.
- Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels
- Punica granatum L.
Ornamental Block
The major species being maintained/ introduced are:
-Bombax ceiba L.
- Buxus L.
- Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nak
-Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl
-Cupressus torulosa D.Don.
-Euonymus japonicas Thunb.
-Excoecaria agallocha L.
-Eryobotriya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. -Hiptage
benghalensis (L.) Kurz.
-Spiraea corymbosa L.
-Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. Ex Kunth.
-Wistaria sinensis Arthur Conan Doyle.
Palmatum
Two species has been introduced as:
-Phoenix canariensis Chabaud.
-Chamaedoria seifrizii Willd.
More number of species are being introduced during the
current year 2017-18
Cactarium
The major species being maintained/ introduced are:
-Agave americana L.
-Euphorbia royleana Boiss.
- Opuntia dillenii Mill.
- Yucca gloriosa L
.
VIP Plantation Block
Main species are:
-Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Herbert Menendez
- Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill. & Perr.
-Acer oblongum Wall. ex DC. -Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle
-Aegle marmelos (L.) - Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl.
- Olea grandiflora (Wall. & G.Don) - Pterospermum acerifolium (L.) Willd.
- Quercus glauca F. Buerger ex Blume -Quercus robur L.
- Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.
Trainings & awareness
(In detail-Appendix-I)
Frequent visits and awareness programmes are conducted
for variety of clienteles like academicians, research
scholars, industrialists, farmer groups, NGO’s, mahila
mandals and student groups from various schools, colleges
and universities both from within and outside the state.
Introduction of Ground apple:
Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poeppig and Endlicher) H.
Robinson commonly known as “ground apple” which
belong to the family Asteraceae is a large perennial plant
that is mainly grown and cultivated for its tuberous roots. It
is native of South America, including the Central and
Northern Andes, which primarily fall in Colombia and
Argentina. It is recently introduced in Kinnaur district of
Himachal Pradesh. Some of the health benefits of ground
apple include its ability to regulate blood sugar levels,
lower cholesterol, body weight loss, lower blood pressure
and its syrup and powder are commonly used as healthy
replacements for sugar as sweeteners in various foods. This
species is also introduced in University Botanic Garden for
further multiplication, maintenance and standardization of
its agro-techniques.
5. Tour undertaken for
collection of threatened/
Endemic species and
duration and names of
species collected.
Names of species collected: Place of
collection
Date of
collection
Duration of
tour
Swertia chirayita (Roxb. ex
Fleming) H. Karst
Manali, Kullu 3/10/2016 2/10/2016 -
4/10/2016
Podophyllum hexandrum Royle Rakchham,
Kinnaur
16/10/2016 15/10/2016 -
19/10/2016
Zanthoxylum alatum DC. Nichar, Kinnaur 17/10/2016 ---do---
Saussuria costus (Falc.)
Lipsch.
Chhitkul,
Kinnaur
17/10/2016 ---do---
Valaeriana jatamansi Jones Kotkhai, Shimla 18/10/2016 ---do---
Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. ex
G.Don
FRI, Dehradun 5/12/2016 4/12/2016 -
6/12/2016
Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth
ex Kurz
Ponta sahib,
Sirmaur
5/12/2016 ---do---
Moringa oleifera Lam. Tatapani,
Mandi
3/02/2017 2/02/2017 -
4/02/2017
Oroxylum indicum
(L.) Benth. ex Kurz
Tatapani,
Mandi
3/02/2017 ---do---
Crateva religiosa Forst. F. Pangain,
Bilaspur
7/03/2017 7/03/2017 -
8/03/2017
Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Gamberpul,
Solan
7/03/2017 ---do---
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. Arki, Solan 8/03/2017 ---do---
Local areas in the vicinity of botanic garden were visited and different endemic
species were collected as per Sr. no. 5 and the other species will be collected in
current financial year.
6. Name and number of
individuals of species
introduced
Name of species Number of individuals of species
Podophyllum hexandrum Royle 5
Zanthoxylum alatum DC. 5
Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth ex
Kurz
10
Saussuria costus (Falc.) Lipsch. 10
Swertia chirayita (Roxb. ex
Fleming) H. Karst
5
Valaeriana jatamansi Jones 20
Zanthoxylum alatum DC. 5
7. Health of species All the species are in good health at present and are under observation for their
survival and performance
8. Recommendations/
suggestion
As per appendix -II
Signature with date and seal
Appendix-I
Number of visitors including farmers, students, professionals, eco club members, etc. visited the Botanical
Garden. Some of the visitors to the Botanical Garden during the period of report are as follows:
1. Forest Guard Trainees (42 Nos.) visited the Botanic Garden January 12th, 2017.
2. Eco-club members from Schools UT Chandigarh visited the University Botanic Garden as Exposure
Visit programme (March 8-10th, 2017 )
3. A high level delegation led by Dr Gemedo Dalle, Minister of Environment, Forests and climate
change, Government of Ethiopia (14 members) visited the Botanic Garden ( March 16th, 2017).
4. Students from Dr. PDKV, Akola, and Maharashtra visited the Botanic Garden of the (March 17th,
2017).
5. Exposure visit conducted of 21 farmers delegates including members of Mahila Mandals, Youth
Club and Self Help Groups from various regions of Himachal Pradesh to the Botanic Garden ( March
23rd, 2017).
6. Educational Tour of Students (72Nos.) from Government School Sarahan (HP) to the Botanic
Garden (30th, 2017).
APPENDIX-II
Proposed Funds requirements for the Financial Year 2017-18
S.N. Item (s) 2nd year Total (Rs lacs)
1. Land development/ Costruction/ Renovation of existing pathways/
landscaping Synthetic Root trainers, Tree guard’s etc.etc.
4.50 4.50
2. Nursery (0.5 ha) 0.50 0.50
3. Proposed 14 Themes to be created/ augumented in the Lead
Thematic Botanical Garden
1.50 1.50
4. Transfer of saplings and other field activities for rehabilitation 0.50 0.50
5. Information Board/sinages, etc 1.50 1.50
6. Renovation of existing Gate, Solar lighting, Benches, green
carpeting and travel cost charges for survey and collection of plant
material from different niche/locations of the state, TA / hiring of
Taxi for Field Collection of samples.
6.00 6.00
7. Manpower: salary, wages
a) SRF 02 No. @ Rs 18000/month +10% HRA *
04.75 4.75
b) 01 Computer Assistant @ Rs 10,000/month fixed 1.20 1.20
01 Field Attendant @ Rs 12000/month for first three years and @
Rs 14000/month for 4th and 5th year
1.44
1.44
c) Hiring of Contractual labour (as and when required to be hired at
different places for collection/transportation etc.)
1.00 1.00
Facility for pure drinking water garden 1.75 1.75
Construction/ purchase of portable toilets (1 no.’s) 2.00 2.00
8. Infrastructure Development (laboratory, Scientific equipment)
Nature Interpretation and Training Center (NITC) cum-laboratory
(cryo preservation facilities for seed storage, Tissue culture
facilities) along with furniture and other facilities like office cabin
for scientist incharge and and other Technical/supporting staff
besides a training hall with a capacity of at least 50 persons
44.80 44.80
Biofencing/ repairing of boundary walls to protect the garden area
against encroachment by wild and grazing animals.
0.75 0.75
Irrigation facilities (sprinkler/ misting including rain water
harvesting, bore well structure, maintenance of storage tanks etc.
1.50 1.50
Multimedia equipments including Camera, Laptop, printer, and
other accessories. Digitization software etc along with accessories
2.50 2.50
9. Procurement of garden equipments & other minor laboratory
equipments
0.50 0.50
10. Education/awareness activities/resource materials
i) Awareness/ capacity building events
Exposure visits (@15,000 per visit, 1 visit each year; 50
indviduals each year)
0.30 0.30
ii) Resource & Capacity building material
Educational material/ Knowledge products
(Ashathverga/ Dashmoolarist group of plants etc.)
1.50 1.50
Procurement/ development of information material (Pamphlets/
booklets/prints/ CD, documentary etc.
0.75 0.75
11. Additional funds for revised emoluments of SRF (02 Nos) i.e Rs 2.92
2.44 lac + Rs 52,000 Arrear w.e.f 20/01/2017-31/03/2017)*
12. Contingencies 2.50 2.50
13. Institutional Charges @ 15 % for the year 2016-17 (of the amount
received i.e Rs 22.94 lacs during 2016-17)
3.44 3.44
Total 88.1
*As per the revised guidelines on emoluments and other conditions of services for research personnel
working in R& D programme of the Ministry of Environment Forest and climate (F.No.2/6/2013-RE dated
2nd September 2015, and ICAR office memorandum F. No.Edn./6/27/2014/HRD Dated 1st July, 2015 the
emoluments of Senior Research Fellow has been enhanced from existing 18000/- month to the Rs 28000/-
per month. Therefore, concurrence of the funding agency for enhancing the salary of SRF may kindly be
permitted. The revised funds required for SRF (2Nos=Rs 2.40 lacs) for the year 2017-18 and arrear from
the date of appointment i.e. 20th January, 2017 to 31st March 2017= Rs 52000/-only.
