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Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT #: GSC13-PLEN-16 FOR: Presentation SOURCE: AGENDA ITEM: CONTACT(S): Submission Date: July 1, 2008 ARIB (Kudoh Consulting Co. Ltd.) [email protected] GSC13 6.7

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Page 1: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan

to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system

DOCUMENT #: GSC13-PLEN-16

FOR: Presentation

SOURCE:

AGENDA ITEM:

CONTACT(S):

Submission Date:July 1, 2008

ARIB (Kudoh Consulting Co. Ltd.)

[email protected]

GSC13 6.7

Page 2: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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• Current status of ITS radio services in Japan.– VICS (Vehicle Information and Communication System)

The number of VICS on-board devices sold in Japan reached 20.4 million units as of Dec. 2007.

– Car navigation systemsOver 29.4 million units of car navigation systems have been sold as of Dec. 2007.

– ETC (Electronic Toll Collection)The total number of ETC set-up issued on-board units (OBU) reached 23.2 million as of May 2008.

– TelematicsToyota Motor’s “G-Book,” Honda Motor’s “InterNavi Premium Club” and Nissan Motor’s “Carwings.”

– Terrestrial digital TV broadcastingOne segment of terrestrial digital TV broadcasting (ISDB-T), Around 30 million mobile phones accommodate one-segment receiver.

Highlight of Current Activities (1)

Page 3: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Highlight of Current Activities (2)

• Activities related to ITS radio communication, in particular DSRC (Dedicated short-range communication).– Development of standards for DSRC multiple applications

Application Sub Layer to extend the function of the existing DSRC to support multiple applications, and DSRC basic application interface to extend non-networks application in vehicles.(Developed in ARIB)

– Development of Integrated ITS OBUMultiple ITS applications supported by a single OBU.Applications: Charge settlement (at Tollbooth, Gas station, Parking area), Navigation, Information provision, Access control, etc.(Standard specification published by Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association)

– Research and development for road vehicle cooperative system for safety and environment, Field Operational Test (FOT) in late 2008 FY.

Page 4: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Strategic Direction (1)

• Realize DSRC multiple applications– Objective: EFC as the key application to introduce ITS services in

vehicles, other applications should be supported.

– Standards: Available

– Observation 1 : Renewal of the exiting OBU by the next generation OBU is needed, though considerable number of ITS applications can be supported by the existing OBU.(Over 23 million ETC units are installed in vehicles as of May 2008)

– Observation 2 : Except for ETC, DSRC market is not mature.Market development for profitable DSRC services is needed.

– Direction : ETC usage already reduces CO2 emissions considerably at toll plazas.Information provision system utilizing the OBU will contribute to the issues of environment and safety in urban area. (In Tokyo metropolitan area, most of the private vehicles and commercial vehicles are equipped with ETC)

Page 5: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Strategic Direction (2)

• Develop integrated ITS OBU– Objective: A variety of applications should be supported by a single

OBU primarily based on DSRC but integrating navigation system utilizing VICS media (IR beacon, FM broadcast, 2.4GHz microwave, GPS).

– Standard specification: Available

– Observation 1 : Except for FM broadcast and GPS (Navigation system), dedicated road-side infrastructures are needed.

– Observation 2 : Market is not mature

– Direction: Integration of ubiquitous media such as cellular radio and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) with DSRC will be necessary in the future.

Page 6: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Challenges

• Develop road vehicle cooperative system– Challenge: Support the IT Strategic Headquarters’ challenge,

“Reducing the number of traffic accident fatalities to fewer than 5,000 by the end of 2012.” Achieve the world's safest road transportation through cooperative vehicle safety support systems.

– Requirements: Critical communication media (Highly reliable and low latency, i.e. DSRC) is required.Public-private sector cooperation is indispensable for deploying infrastructure.

– Issues: Many issues to be solved.- Efficient use of frequency, Suitable frequency band, etc.- Diffusion vs. effect- Standardization, Legal liability, Privacy, Business strategy, etc.

– FOT (Field Operational Test): FOT planed in late FY2008

Page 7: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Next Steps/Actions

• Road vehicle cooperative system– Support the national challenge on environment and safety from

the radio communications’ standpoint.

• Integrated ITS OBU– Research the integration of wide-area technologies such as

Global Navigation Satellite Systems and Cellular Communications Networks without relying on dedicated road-side infrastructure. EETS (European Electronic Toll Service ) under development might be a good example

Page 8: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Supplemental Slides

Page 9: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Contents

▪ Growth of the number of car navigation systems and VICS on-board devices

▪ ETC in Japan

▪ DSRC Multiple Applications

▪ Integrated ITS On Board Unit

▪ ITS-Safety 2010 (National project)

▪ Vehicle safety system under development

▪ Proposed Vehicle safety spectrum

▪ ITS radiocommunication Standardization in Japan

▪ Standards related to DSRC

▪ Technical Specifications of DSRC in Japan

▪ Outline of VICS

▪ Digital terrestrial broadcasting system in Japan

Page 10: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Number of car navigation systems sold

Source: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Page 11: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Number of VICS on-board devices sold

Source: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Page 12: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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ETC in Japan

• Service Providers: Six expressway companies and local toll road operators (around 20)

• Number of toll plazas: 1,360 as of the end of June 2008 (3,370 toll lanes), plus more than 90 newly introduced Smart Interchanges (ETC dedicated simplified gates)

• Number of OBU (On Board Unit): 23.2 million* as of the end of May 2008 *Total of Set-up issued Vehicles

Page 13: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Expressway in Japan

East Nippon Expressway   Company

Central Nippon Expressway   Company

West Nippon Expressway   Company

Metropolitan Expressway CompanyHanshin

Expressway Company

Honshu-Shikoku BridgeExpressway Company

Six expressway companies and local toll road operators (around 20)

Page 14: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Features of Japanese ETC

(1) Nation-wide interoperable system.

(2) 5.8GHz-band active DSRC system to enable flexible zone forming and highly reliable communication in the zone. (3) "Two-piece" On Board Equipment composed of an OBU (On board unit) and an IC card for future functional extension.

(4) Highly secure system to prevent fraudulent use.

Page 15: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Growth of the number of ETC

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

4

2

8

10

12

14

16

2007

100

50

150

200

250 Lowest price(US$)

2008

4

2

8

10

12

14

0

20

Number of set-up issued OBU(million units)

Number of Set-up issued OBUs: 23.2 million as of end-May 2008Average ETC utilization ratio: Over 70% since October 2007

Page 16: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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DSRC Multiple Applications

DSRC Applications

Gas Station

Information Providing (High-speed driving)

Convenience StoreInformation Providing

(Stationary)

ZoneTolling

Drive Through

Logistics Management

Parking Management

Car Ferry Fare Automatic

Check-in & Settlement

Information Station at Convenience StoreSettlements System

Gas Pumping Stand Information Support System

Settlements System

Drive Through ShoppingSettlements System

Electronic Advertisements

Trucks & Trailers Logistics

Management System

Driver Support

Private Store, Parking Garage, etc.

Taxies Management

System

Page 17: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Concept of application Sub Layer (ASL)

Existing

application

DSRC

ASL

Network

application

Non-Network

application

TCP/IP or local port

Serviceof DSRC

Existing

DSRC

Application

Sub-Layer

Application Sub Layer (DSRC-ASL)

Developed in ARIB, Japan (ARIB STD-T88) for easy deployment of multi application for the existing DSRC.

ASL utilizes multi functional service offered by DSRC Layer 7 for client / server type communication control.

Page 18: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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DSRC basic application interface

• Applying DSRC to other services, especially non-networks applications in vehicles, such as charge payment settlement using IC card and information providing services to high speed vehicles has been requested.

• DSRC Basic Application Interface placed between Local Port Control Protocol of Application Sub Layer and Non-Network Applications, controls the resources of On Board Equipment in vehicles from Road Side Equipment.

• DSRC Basic Application Interface provides following functions.(a) OBE Indications / Response. (b) OBE Memory Access. (c) IC Card Access.   (d) Push Type Information Delivery.(e) OBE ID Communication. (f) OBE Basic Indication.

Page 19: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Multiple Application in OBU

Network APPs Existing Applications

Application Layer (L7)

Data link Layer (L2)

Physical layer (L1)

LAN Control Protocol

PPP Control Protocol

DSRC Service

ASLDSRC

DSRC basic APP IF

Security PF

DSRC

Non-Network APPs

Local Port ControlProtocol

Communication Control

(Layer 3 to 6)

Page 20: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Protocol configuration of integrated ITS OBU (an example)

DSRC ProtocolL7, L2, L1

Identification by AID

ETC

PUSHTypeInfo.

Delivery

Local Port Protocol(LPP)

PPPControlProtocol

LANControlProtocol

AIDAID=18

  ASL ExtendedLink Control Protocol

IC CardAccess

OBEIndicationResponse

OBEMemoryAccess

OBEBasic

Indication

OBEID

Communi-cation

AID

Local Port Control Protocol(LPCP)

IC CardAccess

OBEIndicationResponse

OBEBasic

Indication

OBE  IDCommuni-

cation

PUSHTypeInfo.

Delivery

OBEMemoryAccess

IC Card DSRC unit Navigation unit

Display

Appli-cation

Communi-cationdevice

Communi-cationdevice

SPF: Security Platform

SPF SPF SPF SPF SPF SPF

Cooperativesystemprotocol

Cooperativesystem

protocol

Interface: Undefined

AID=14

HMI IC CardInterface

OBUMemory

Page 21: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Multiple ITS applications supported by a single OBU

 

Information provision

OBU

Gas station

Parking area

En-routeTollboothGas station

Parking area

Charge settlement

Entrance/Exit management

Car navigation ・ In-vehicle monitor

Speaker Common antenna

DSRC beacon

Source: HIDO (Highway Industry Development Organization)

Page 22: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Smartway 2007 Demo (14-17, October)

Metropolitan Expressway

Source: HIDO (Highway Industry Development Organization)

Page 23: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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World’s safest Road traffic environment

J-Safety Committee, ITS JapanITS Promotion Council

Ministries and Agency, Organizations, Academia

Harmonization between Private-Public Sectors

Proposal

CooperationContribution for deployment

Exchange Opinion

Harmonization between Private-Public Sectors

ITS-Safety 2010: Public-Private Co-operations

January, 2006

IT Strategic Head Quarters, Cabinet Secretariat

New IT Reform Strategy

New IT Reform Strategy: Achieve the world's safest road transportation through cooperative vehicle safety support systems. ITS-Safety 2010: National project for its implementation.

Page 24: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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ITS-Safety 2010: Organization

ITS Promotion Council

Working Group

J-Safety Committee

Steering Committee

Advantageous Effect Evaluation SC

Prevalence Promotion SC

ITS Japan

NPA

Road Bureau, MLIT

Road Transport Bureau, MLIT

MIC

METI

Japan Business FederationToyota, Nissan, Honda, Hitachi, Oki, NEC

15 Companies and 6 ITS Organizations

International Relationship and Architecture SC

Chair: Fukushima, Nissan

Chair: Amano, Toyota

Chair: Oyama,

Hitachi

Field Operations Test WG

Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Mazda

SC: Sub Committee

NPA : National Police AgencyMLIT: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and TourismMIC: Ministry of Internal Affairs andCommunicationsMETI: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

Cabinet Secretariat

Page 25: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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ITS-Safety 2010: Roadmap

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

DSSS(NPA)

ASV (Road Transport Bureau, MLIT)

5.8GHz  V-V Comm., etc.

Infrared

ETC

5.8GHz DSRC

AHS (Road Bureau, MLIT)

DSRC Private-Public Joint Research (Road Bureau, MLIT)

5.8GHz VICS、DSRC

Private Applications, etc.

700MHz V-V Comm.

79GHz Short Range Radar

* IT New Reform Strategy

ITS-Safety2010

NEWresearch

Sta

rt N

atio

n-w

ide

Dep

loym

ent

5.8GHz V-IComm.

Lar

ge

Sca

le V

erif

icat

ion

Tes

tin

g o

n P

ub

lic

Ro

ads

Page 26: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Vehicle safety system under development

• Vehicle-to-Vehicle communications system and Road-to-Vehicle communications system

• Millimeter wave radar system to sense the distance between vehicles or vehicle and obstacles.

• UHF band for vehicle to vehicle communications

• 5.8GHz band for road to vehicle communications

• 78-81GHz for millimeter wave radar

Overview

Proposed Frequency band

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs andCommunications

Page 27: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Proposed Vehicle safety spectrum (Telecommunications Council Report)

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

From July 25, 2011

GB GB10MHZ

Page 28: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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ITS radiocommunication Standardization in Japan

ISO TC204 ITU-R

ASTAP

ITS NationalCommittee

(JSAE)

Information andTelecommunicationsTechnology Council

(MIC)

ARIB(Association of

Radio Industriesand Businesses)

TechnicalCommittee

ITS Info-communications Forum

ITS Standards(DSRC, TPEG etc.)

ITS Standards(DSRC, TPEG etc.)

ASTAP: Asia-PacificTelecommunityStandardisationProgramme

(JSAE: Society ofAutomotiveEngineers of Japan)

(MIC: Ministry ofInternal Affairs andCommunications)

Page 29: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Standards related to DSRC

ARIB Standards:• ARIB STD-T75: Dedicated Short-Range Communication System.

• ARIB TR-T16: Dedicated Short-Range Communication System. Test Items and Conditions for Mobile Station Compatibility Confirmation.

• ARIB STD-T88: Application Sub Layer for DSRC.

• ARIB TR-T17: Dedicated Short-Range Communication System. Test Items and Conditions for Compatibility Confirmation for Mobile Station using Application Sub Layer for DSRC.

• ITS FORUM RC004: Dedicated Short-Range Communication System. Guideline for a DSRC basic application interface.

International standards:• ITU-R M.1453-2: Intelligent transport systems - Dedicated short range

communications at 5.8 GHz. (Revised in June 2005 reflecting ARIB STD-T75 and ARIB STD-T88 standards)

• ISO 15628: Intelligent transport systems - Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) - DSRC application layer (Feb. 2007)

Page 30: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Technical Specifications of DSRC in Japan

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

Page 31: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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VICS (vehicle information and communication system)

Outline of VICS

Page 32: Development of ITS Radio communication in Japan to realize the integrated ITS On Board Unit (OBU) and to support the road vehicle cooperative system DOCUMENT

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Digital terrestrial broadcasting system

ISDB-T  ISDB-TSB 

Sound / Data HDTV

SDTV (Mobile reception)

SDTV (Fixed reception)

Spectrum

5.6 MHz 5.6 MHz 1.29 MHz 430 kHz

DTTB receiver (Full band vehicular receiver)

DSB receiver (Pedestrian and vehicular

receiver)

Partial reception

Segment

1 OFDM segment

Sound / Data

Sound / Data

Sound / Data

Sound / Data

DTTBDigital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting

DSBDigital Sound Broadcasting

Services and usage of ISDB-T/TSB transmission signals