development gap
TRANSCRIPT
What’s the link….?
THE DEVELOPMENT GAP
WAL: about the development gapYWBAT: explain what is meant by the ‘gap’, identify factors
that influence development
Hans Rosling : 200 countries in 200 years
• Hans Rosling's 200 Countries, 200 Years, 4 Minutes
While you watch, consider:• What is the pattern? How has the world
changed? What caused the changes?
• Self (1min) – Pair (2min) – Share
How can development be measured?
GAPMINDER CASINOPut yourself to the test – how will development change?
How confident are you?
Can you…- Happily identify more and less developed countries?- Explain what development means?
Where do you think this is? How developed is it?
Justify.
How about here?
Wha
t’s th
e m
essa
ge?
Do you agree?
What caused the gap?
Why is there a gap between developed and developing? North
and South? Rich and poor?
Factors that caused the development
gap
HISTORY & CULTURE
POLITICS & GOVERNMENT
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
(CLIMATE & HAZARDS)
DEBT
INDUSTRY
ACCESS TO RESOURCES
Think….share….develop
• Table groups• Mindmap one factor• Be prepared to share
Review: factors that influence the gap
THE ART OF ‘DOTOCRACY’
Which factor is most
important?
HISTORY
POLITICS & GOVERNMENT
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
(CLIMATE & HAZARDS)
DEBT
INDUSTRY
ACCESS TO RESOURCES
• The North-South divide based upon the BRANDT LINE
The Development Gap : a world of two halves?
The Brandt line
• Was suggested in 1970s• Based purely on economic data ($GDP)• Didn’t take into account how money was spent, HDI,
social indicators, etc., = therefore not very accurate today
Answer = RUSSIA. MEDC. Is this what you would expect?
Where do you think this is? MEDC / LEDC / NIC / LDC?
Comparing development
• Watch the clips URBAN EARTH : MUMBAIURBAN EARTH : LONDON
• Mindmap adjectives to describe the two areas (Mumbai & London)
• Task: Descriptive piece. Write a description comparing the two locations & their levels of development. Include adjectives & evidence to demonstrate how developed they each are.
Why is there a
development gap?
Physical - Landlocked countries
- Lack of natural resources- Natural hazards
- Lack of access to safe drinking water- Inhospitable climate: poor agriculture etc Economic Factors
• Unfair Trade – Subsidies• Over reliance on farming• Growth of Multi national
companies• Lack of technology /
resources• Debt owed to other
countries
Political Factors• Instability e.g. civil war (land
mines in Angola make land unusable)
• Power of West over others• Corrupt government e.g.
Zimbabwe
Cultural Factors• Some indigenous tribes CHOOSE
traditional way of life• Some societies e.g. Tibet don’t see
value in material goods
Historical Factors• Former colonies were
left in turmoil after given independence e.g. India
CASE STUDY EXAMPLES
Physical Factors – Bangladesh flooding• Regularly occurs due to monsoon season• Destroys buildings, infrastructure and
communications• Can damage destroy crops and animals• Contaminates drinking water
Economic Factors – Zimbabwe debt
• Massive international debt – owes 145% of its
total $GDP• No money to invest in industry / infrastructure
Political – Sudan’s Civil war - Arab vs non Arab communities
- Fighting over grazing rights & land- Burnt farmlands, schools, hospitals
- In 2004 approx 50’000 deaths mainly due to starvation, 200’000
refugees
Cultural Factors – Tibet society• Buddhist monk society• See no value in capitalism / money• Choose freedom from stress, simple
lifestyles
Historical – India colony- Former British colony
- Left in political confusion, after being dragged through war
- Introduced new diseases from UK