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Confidential
Designing SMART GRID for Utilities
The BSES Experience
Arun Kanchan, Member of the board, BSES Delhi
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Reliance Energy: Leader in Private Sector Reliance Energy: Leader in Private Sector Power DistributionPower Distribution
� Serving over 8 million customers in Mumbai, Delhi a nd Orissa.
� Powering 2 out of 3 homes in Mumbai & Delhi and 3 o ut of 4 homes in Orissa.
� Distributing nearly 7,500 MW – the largest in India .
� Employs more than 30,000 personnel.
� Mix of Industrial, commercial, residential, urban a nd rural consumers.
Largest customer base for a Private Sector Utility in India.
Mumbai Delhi Orissa
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Privatized Delhi Discoms – A Synopsis
SN Particulars Unit BSES Delhi
1 Area sq. km 950
2 Total Registered customers millions 2.66
3 Peak Demand MW 3100
4 Consumption per year MU 16000
5 Regular Employees Nos. 8000
6 Customer density Cons/ sq. km 2800
7 Revenue Million US $ 1800
NDPLNDPL
BRPLBRPLBYPLBYPL REL acquired 51% stake in July
2002 in two out of three Discoms
Business Inheritance Marred by Multiple Maladies
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Topics Covered
1. Understanding the needs
4. Designing the smart grid for
utilities
3. BSES Philosophy
2. Understanding the Challenges
5. The road map adopted by BSES
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Main Challenges for Power Utilities
Efficiency
Additional BusinessEnvironment
Investment Control
Energy Mix
Demand Side Management
Smart Grid to address all these challenges and more
Supply Security
Volatile Prices
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Key Challenges for BSES, Delhi
ABT Tariff
CollectionHigh Theft
loss levels 62% to 17%
Consumer Trust
Major Load Growth2800 MW to 4760 MW
Break-down
Tomorrow will bring new challenges
Power Availability –75% to 98.7%
Material Theft
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Present TechnologiesPresent TechnologiesPresent TechnologiesPresent Technologiesat Discomat Discomat Discomat Discom
The present scenario
OMS
AMR
SCADA
LT AB Cable
Advanced Meters
GISSAP
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Does thepresent technology
meet consumer expectations
and concerns ?
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In Brief…The customers expectations and DISCOM concerns revolve
around cost, reliability & quality of supply and services to consumers.
Cost of Supply
Customer Services
Reliability of Supply
Quality of Supply
Let the data flowwith electricity
Involve
Consumers
The basic purpose of Smart Grid8
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SMART GRID – BSES Perspective
Key Criteria……….
SMART GRID should be able to resolve concerns and Challenges which could be either generic or utility specific.
Kick Start ………..
1. Based on the priorities, identify the challenges to be addressed.
2. Document the results expected from Smart Grid Technologies.
3. Evaluate the investment and commercial viability (ROI).
4. Upgradability – Maximum use of existing resources and future flexibility
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Break-downResponse
• Failure informationFailure informationFailure informationFailure information
• Alternate feedAlternate feedAlternate feedAlternate feed
• Fault isolationFault isolationFault isolationFault isolation
Cost of Energy
Key Challenges !!!
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Backbone of the Smart Grid is the IT system
•High Loss
•ABT Tariff
•Home automation
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IT: Present StatusIT: Present StatusERP
SystemSAP R/3
SCADAGEMS
GIS
BILLINGSYSTEMS- LEGACY
(ORACLE)
OMSDMS
CISDOOR STEPPRE-PAID
NetworkPlanning(CYME)
Energy Audit
AMR
Project Planning
Eve
ntan
d
Me a
s ur a
nds
Ene
rgy
Logs
Loss
Da t
a
Topo
log y
Info
rma t
ion
Meter DataBilling Settlement
Not
ifica
tion
/
Ord
ers
Cus
tom
er
Re s
pon s
e
EventInformation
………….. indicates loosely integrated / manual interface.
EHV, HV, LT
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SCADA - DMSSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition-Distribution Transformer Management
GEMS Grid Energy Management System
AMI Advanced Metering Infrastructure
GIS Geographical Information System
AMR Automatic Meter Reading
SAP SAP- R/3
Building Blocks of the Smart GridBuilding Blocks of the Smart Grid
SCADA Centre
AMR
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Challenge 1 – Break -Down ResponseReduced power off : 20.1% to 1.2% - now target 0.2% .
Local fault – big source of break down – Overloading .
Load Growth – 100% in 5 years .
Revenue loss –Sale of 120 MU/yr .
Saving if ‘Power Off’ becomes 0.2% - 5 M$/ year .
Desired – immediate information, alternate feed, fault
isolation, network health
Solution:
• DT Automation System• Pole Metering
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� Network capacity vs. loading pattern.
� Concept of Predictive Maintenance desirable.
� Regular & prompt DT meter maintenance.
� Reliable energy accounting.
� GIS integration of FPIs to identify faulty section on GIS map.
� Response time for HT fault isolation to be brought down to approx 1 hour with the
help of FPIs.
� Auto Decision – alternate feed and fault isolation.
� Event notification via SMS and email to concerned person.
� Reduction in T & D loses via Reactive Power Management.
Sub Station Monitoring System - Advantages
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Pole Metering
• Principle:-– Energy Meter installed on pole to measure the
flow of energy and to monitor the electrical parameters. It also acts as a ‘check energy meter’ for consumers.
• Salient Features:a) Thread through technology.b) Special anomaly recording features viz. high/low
voltage, over and under load conditions etc.c) Improves revenue protection.d) Easy to install & download.e) Up-gradable for remote connect/disconnect
feature.
Same features as that in AMI forInteroperability. 15
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Challenge 2 – High Loss LT Transformer
Company loss reduced from 62% to 19% - Target 12% .
Loss is never uniform - Few transformers (DT) have very high loss.
Typical energy on a DT – 1.2MU/ year.
Typical Consumers on DT – 200 nos.
A loss reduction by 30% on a DT - 36000 US$/year .
For an expense of 300 US$/consumer,ROI is 20 months.
Solution:
Advanced MeteringInfrastructure (AMI)
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Loss Reduction - AMIEnergy Gap Analysis
� Energy Gap calculated between two nodes. Nodes can be defined as:
– Transformer to Feeder– Feeder to Pole– Pole to Consumer
� Alarm raised in case of high energy gap.
� Adjustable polling frequency – energy integration time.
� Helps to pin-point the area of loss.
Loss Reduction
• Theft detection by Online Energy Audit/ Gap Analysis.
• Pre-paid and post paid options.
• Facility to remote connect/disconnect.• Meter not accessible – separate
consumer display.
• Identification of improper load.
• To find technical loss.• Identification and reporting of
abnormal/ tampered conditions.
Interactive display will also help consumer
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Challenge 3 – ABT Tariff - Consumer Engagement
Generation – own 20% only.
Spot rate varies with availability.
Availability is defined –deviation in frequency.
Time when Spot rate is morethan highest Billing Rate ---- 30%.
When “ Non availability” is more,then Rates are high. Additionally need to
pay penalty.
Solution:
• Green Club – Demand Response• Consumer Interactive Display
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Other Options …… .
To reduce the peak deficit:� Energy Conservation� Demand Shift
� Additional Generation� Consumer Load Control
� Energy Source shift
BRPL Green Club – A DSM measure
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Demand Response - BRPL Green Club
20 KW load reduction duringpeak time by 10000 consumers
is equivalent to a virtual power plant of 200 MW
meant only for peak duration.
Load Reduction of consumerswho voluntarily join the Green Club as
part of the DSM initiatives:Remote Connection/ Disconnection
of non essential load(declared by consumer)during power shortage
Kick Start ……… ..
1. Motivation and awareness – to inform about Non Ava ilability.
2. Incentives & regulatory mechanism – To install re mote control connect and disconnect devices.
3. Legislation: Auto disconnection of few typical lo ads.
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Green Club can be extended toMan-less Site Load Management
• Pumping – Utility controlled pump switching.
• DG Sets – Operation of DG when power purchase cost is high.
• Battery Charging – Discontinuation of charging during peak load period.
And for many more activities
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Consumer can log onto Power MeterGmail ID and password is required
Google Power Meter allows access to electricity usage fromany Google Power meter enabled device and to learn and
understand more about how to use electricity throughout the day
Customer Interactive Display – Google Power Meter
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Customer Interactive Display - Advantages
� Analyze:To give better insight of the energy bill and consumer awareness about energy conservation.
� Save:Reduce energy bills and carbon footprint by making smart decisions about energy use.
� Share:Strike up a little friendly competition to see how energy consumption compares to that of friends and neighbors.
Additionally• Local Intelligence• Interactive Graph
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IT Strategic Road Map : Planning for Smart Grid
The overall strategic intent for operations in IT, is to:-�� Build world class communication and infrastructure.�� Implement internationally established packaged software.�� Enhance computer literacy and ensure complete usage.�� Improve/Integrate legacy systems for immediate gains.
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IT: Our Forward PathIT: Our Forward Path -- Planning for Smart GridPlanning for Smart Grid
ERPSystemSAP R/3
SCADAGEMS
GIS
BILLING SYSTEMS: ISU-SAP
OMSDMS
CIS
NetworkPlanning(CYME)
EnergyAudit
AMR and AMI
Project Planning
Eve
ntan
d
Mea
sura
nds
Ene
rgy
Logs
Loss
Dat
a
Topo
logy
Info
r mat
ion
Customer / DataNetwork
Meter DataBilling Settlement
Cus
tom
e rH
isto
ry
B illi
ngD
ata
Not
ifica
tion
/
Ord
ers
Out
age
Trig
gers
Cu s
tom
er
Res
pons
e
EventInformation
Complete integration of all major functions.
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Smart Network – Phase One Components
Distribution Transformer
Pole Consumer
AMI Technology
DT Automation &Pole Metering
Green Club &Consumer InteractiveDisplay
� Concentrator� Meter� Communication
� Pole Meter� Communication
� Consumer Meter� Communication� Load On-Off� KWh Display
� AMR� I/O� LT ACB automation� Sensors
� Pole Meter� Communication
� Interactive Display� Communication� Load On-Off� Frequency based Off
Component design should be flexible, modular and scalable.
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Future Components – Smart Grid� Small Renewable Energy Generators.� Volatile prices – Demand Response – Consumer level intelligent units.� Grid Interactive Generators.� Network Health Sensors.� LT Fault Path Indicators.� LT Fault Isolators.� Interactive Consumer Display.� Home Area Network.� Additional Business – Non tariff income.
And More.........................
While finalizing Phase one components, it is planne d to ensure seamless integration of future components also.
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Miles to go before…..� BSES is ready with its phaseone plan.
� BSES already has all the ingredients of smart grid in place.
� Govt. of India has approved the grant to BSES for AMI project .
� BSES believes SMART GRIDis more suitable for Indian utilities due to the faster ROI.
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