DEFINING VS NON- DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSESUnit 4

IDENTIFYING VS NON-IDENTIFYING

Identify or classify nouns.

Tell us which person/thing is meant E.g. People who take

physical exercise live longer

Describe the person /thing identified and provides extra information

E.g. This is Ms Rogers, who’s joining the firm next week

IDENTIFYING CLAUSESNON-IDENTIFYING CLAUSES

PUNCTUATION

Usually follow immediately after the noun that they modify without a break: they are not separated by pauses or intonation movements in speech, or by commas in writing.

E.g. The woman who does my hair has moved to another hairdresser’s

Are normally separated by pauses and /or intonation breaks and commas.

E.g. Dorothy, who does my hair, has moved to another city.

IDENTIFYING NON-IDENTIFYING

WHO- AS OBJECT IN IDENTIFYING CLAUSES

E.g. The woman who I marry will have a good sense of humour.

N.B. WHOM is more formal

He met Rachel, whom she was later to marry.

WHO- IDENTIFYINGWHOM- NON-IDENTIFYING

WHO/WHOM

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/clauses-2.html

POSITION OF PREPOSITIONS 1. BEFORE RELATIVE PRONOUNS2. AT THE END OF CLAUSES

1. He was respected by the people with whom he worked

2. This is the room in which I was born=

1. He was respected by the people he worked with.

This is the room I was born in.

RELATIVE+ PREPOSITION= + FORMAL

PREPOSITION STRANDING

EXERCISES

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/clauses-2.html#preps

THINGS : OF WHICH, THAT…..OF

Instead of whose, we can use of which or that…of ( less formal) to refer to things, and these are sometimes preferred.

The most common word order is :noun+ of whichnoun+ that…..ofof which…….+ noun

ExamplesHe’s written a book whose name I’ve forgotten.He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten.He’s written a book that I’ve forgotten the name of.He’s written a book of which I’ve forgotten the name.

PRACTICE 1: OF WHICH

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/clauses-8.html

1. EXERCISE ON RELATIVE CLAUSES NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

Combine the sentences using relative clauses. Note that all relative clauses are non-defining.

Samuel Johnson was the son of a bookseller. Samuel Johnson was born in 1709.Samuel Johnson ________________________________________

In 1728, he went to Oxford. He studied at Pembroke College in Oxford.In 1728, he went _______________________________________

Johnson had to leave Oxford without a degree. He was too poor to pay the fees.Johnson ______________________________________________

In 1737, Johnson moved to London. There he wrote poetry, essays and biographies.In 1737, Johnson _______________________________________

In 1746, Johnson started to write his dictionary. It took him nine years to complete.In 1746, Johnson started __________________________

His home at that time was in 17 Gough Square in London. It is a museum now.17 Gough Square in London ________________________

In this house, his wife died in 1752. Her name was Elizabeth Porter.In this house his wife ____________________________

In 1755, the work was published. It was called A Dictionary of the English Language.In 1755, the work ______________________________

Samuel Johnson died in 1784. He is buried in Westminster Abbey.Samuel Johnson _______________________________

EXERCISES NON-DEFINING CLAUSES

Check your keys here

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/relative-clauses/exercises?12

OTHER RELATED TOPICS PREPOSITION PLACEMENT

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/preps-placement.html

WEBBLOGRAPHY

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/

relative-clauses/exercises?12 You can take this diagnosis test here:

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/adjcl-diagnostic.html

More Power Points http://www.slideshare.net/joseanis/relative-clauses-6595371