Cycles of MatterWater & Carbon Cycles

Honors BiologyMr. Lee

Room 320

ObjectivesDescribe how matter cycles among

the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem

Describe the water cycleDescribe the carbon cycle

Introduction Organisms need water, minerals,

and other compounds too95% of most organisms are made up

of just 4 elements:OxygenCarbonHydrogenNitrogen

Recycling in the Biosphere

Matter is recycled within and between the ecosystems

Biochemical cycles: how matter is passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another

Biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it:Assembled into living tissuePassed out of the body as waste

products

The Water CycleAll living things require

waterWater moves between

the ocean, atmosphere, and land

Evaporation is the process where water changes from liquid form to an atmospheric gas

Water can also enter the atmosphere by evaporating from leaves of a plant in the process of transpiration

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YswL4dIDQuk

The Water Cycle…As warm moist air rises, it

cools and forms cloudsWhen the droplets become

large enough, the water returns to Earth’s surface in the form of precipitation

The rain eventually enters a river or stream, and then runs off to the ocean

Some of the rain seeps into the soil, some goes to ground water, while some is absorbed by plants

Nutrient Cycles All the chemical substances

that an organism needs to sustain life are its nutrients

Primary producers usually obtain nutrients in simple inorganic forms from their environment

Consumers obtain nutrients from eating other organisms

Three important cycles are:Carbon cycleNitrogen cyclePhosphorus cycle

Carbon CycleCarbon is a key ingredient

of living tissuesFour main types of

processes move carbon through its cycle:Biological process:

photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition take up & release CO2 and O2

Geochemical processes, such as erosion and volcanic activity release CO2 into the atmosphere and oceans

Cole and the Carbon Cycle

Carbon Cycle…Mixed

biogeochemical:Burial and

decomposition of dead organisms

Processes, how coal and oil was made

Human activities, mining, burning fossil fuels release CO2

ReviewDescribe how matter cycles among the

living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem:Biochemical cycles: how matter is

passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another

Biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it:Assembled into living tissuePassed out of the body as waste

products

Review…Describe the water cycle:

Water moves between the ocean, atmosphere, and land

Evaporation is the process where water changes from liquid form to an atmospheric gas

Evaporation on plant leaves is called transpiration

As warm moist air rises, it cools and forms clouds, then returns to the Earth as precipitation

The rain seeps into the soil or enters a river or stream, and then runs off to the ocean

Review…Describe the carbon cycle:

Biological process: photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition

Geochemical processes, such as erosion, and volcanic activity

Mixed biogeochemical processes, how coal and oil was made

Human activities, mining, burning fossil fuels release CO2