crowell u11a1 korean english comparison
TRANSCRIPT
By (Martha) Sarah Crowell
ESL 502
Wilkes University
Language Comparison and
Data Analysis Summary
17 year old male, born in KoreaLived in US for 6 monthsScored at the Entering Level for English on WAPTBegan studying English in 6th gradeData collection
Observed two writing piecesDescriptive paragraph about a tangible object (a
sandal)Paragraph about New Year’s Resolutions
10 minute interview
Data Analysis Journal Results
Types of Errors Frequency
Omissions
• Articles 12
• Verbs 6
• Particles 5
• Pronouns 4
• Conjunctions 3
Verbs
• Tense 4
• Subject agreement 5
Other
• Word choice 4
• Word order 13
• Adjectives
Errors Observed
What John wrote: Correct form: Error:
Shoe is sandle. It’s black color.
The shoe is a sandal. Its color is black.
Missing articles “the” and “a”; spelling. Word order.
It use when we go beach.
It’s used when we go to the beach.
Missing verb “is”; subject/verb agreement; missing preposition “to”; missing article “the”
I’m going to beach in hot summer.
I’m going to the beach during the hot summer.
Missing article “the”; word choice- “during” instead of “in”
I’m very fun but very hot.
I’m having fun but I’m very hot.
Word choice- missing verb “having”; missing pronoun and verb “I’m”
Written errors
What John wrote: Correct form: Error:Resolution is promise to do better and New Year.
A Resolution is a promise to do better in the New Year.
Missing articles “a” and “the”; word choice- preposition “in” instead of conjunction “and”
My first resolution is do well in school.
My first resolution is to do well in school.
Missing particle “to”
I will study English, get good grade and do homework.
I will study English, get good grades and do my homework.
“s” needs to be added to make noun plural; missing pronoun “my”
I will make a girlfriend and make many friends.
I will get a girlfriend and make a lot of friends.
Word choice- “get” instead of “make”; “a lot” instead of “many” (overgeneralizations)
What John spoke: Correct form: Error:
Dis country so big. This country is so big. Pronounced /ð/ as /d/
Many different sings here.
There are many different things here.
Pronounced /θ/ as /s/
I live here for six munts, I tink.
I have lived here for six months, I think.
Incorrect pronunciations of /θ/ and /ð/
Spoken errors
Korean (Hangul)
Character alphabet14 consonants6 vowelsWritten horizontally
or vertically
20 consonants6 vowels1 letter can be either
consonant or vowelWritten horizontally
Korean and English Language Comparison
English
Clearly, there are several English consonant sounds that do not exist in Korean.
Alphabet
KoreanWord stress not importantSeveral sounds do not
exist /θ/ pronounced as /s/ so think becomes sink
/ð/ substituted with /d/ so this is pronounced dis
/v/ produced as a /b/ so very is pronounced berry
Phonetic rulesWords end in vowels or
select few consonants
Relies on accentsExtra sounds not
present in Korean are difficult to learn
Phonetic rulesWords can end in
any vowel or consonant
Phonology
English
Korean subject-object-verb word order agglutinative language where
morphemes added to the end of the verb to make it contextual
verb tenses do not need to agree with subjects
single past tense No articles Honorifics- markings for nouns
and verbs that show formal relationship between speaker and listener
No plural endings- determine singular or plural by context
subject-verb-object word order
Analytic-style language where grammatical relationships are contained within the sentence rather than attached to verb
Multiple past tenses Use of articles to show
reference made by nouns Use plural ending to
determine if verb or noun is singular or plural
Grammar
English
Korean Students are quiet Avoid eye contact Seldom initiate conversations
with superior Address instructor as
“teacher”(use of name disrespectful)
Student responsibility to learn material
Feel ashamed when do not know answer because did not live up to teacher expectations
Cooperative learning encouraged
Students frequently initiate conversations with teachers
Teacher addressed by formal name
Teacher facilitator to help students when they do not understand
Not knowing is not equated with shame. Rather more review is needed.
Classroom Culture
English
There are many differences between English and Korean languages
This can make it difficult for learners to acquire new language without errors
ESL teachers should be familiar with components of ELLs native language and culture
Encourage bicultural approach rather than implying one culture more important than the other
Summary