creating knowledge with users

Seeing is understanding.Seeing is understanding.

Creating Knowledge

With Users

Sept. 19, 2013,

Change Vision, Inc.

Kenji Hiranabe

Hello, Seattle!I’m from Japan.


Agenda

• Introduction

• Part I:–Nonaka’s Scrum: People As The Conveyor of Knowledge

• Part II:–Exploring User Wish Through Mindmapping


Kenji HIRANABE(1/2)• (co-)Translator of �

OO, UML books Mind Map book

XP/ Agile books

• (co-)Author of �C++ book

Scrum book

Agile and Scrum:

Collaborative Software

Development That Connects

Customers, Engineers and

Management


Kenji HIRANABE(2/2)• CEO of Astah.net.

• astah – UML editor

– With Mind Map, ERD, SysML

– http://astah. net/

– Runs on• PC, Mac, Linux, iPad

Hello, Seattle!I’m from Japan.


Do you know where the word “Scrum”came from ?

http://www.publickey1.jp/blog/11/10_innovation_sprint_2011.html

Innovation Sprint 2011

Jeff Sutherland Ikujiro Nonaka

me

Quote from the first

Scrum Book

• “Agile Software Development with Scrum” (by

Ken Schwaber, Mike Beedle) starts with the

following quote.

The "relay race" approach to product development ... may conflict with the goals of maximum speed and flexibility. Instead a holistic or "rugby" approach – where the team tries to go the distance as a unit, passing the ball back and forth – may better serve today's competitive requirements.

-- “The New New Product Development Game”

Copyright © 2005-2007 Kenji

HIRANABE, Some rights

reserved

11

Toyota Production System

Lean

Lean Software Development

Kanban

Lean Startup

Agile

Scrum

XP

The New New Product Development Game

Four steps to the epiphany

Agile and Lean

Startup

Patterns

Manufacturing Industry in Japan

2013 Yasunobu Kawaguchi

Prof. Ikujiro Nonaka

1

The New New Product Development Game(HBR)

ScrumStop therelay race, take up rugby

2

The Knowledge Creating Company

SECI-modelSpiral transformation of

Explicit knowledge and Tacit knowledge

3Managing Flow, The Wise Leadership(HBR)

PhronesisThe third knowledge type after

Science (explicit knowledge)

And art (tact knowledge)

U.S. Marine

Fractal

OrganizationSelf-similar structure

at all levels

4

Copyright Nonaka I. 2010Copyright Nonaka I. 2010

Two Types of Knowledge

Spiral up through Spiral up through dynamic interactiondynamic interaction

AnalogAnalog--Digital SynthesisDigital Synthesis

Objective and rational knowledge that can be expressed in words, sentences, numbers, or formulas (context-free)

Theoretical approachProblem solvingManualsDatabase

Subjective and experiential knowledge that can not be expressed in words, sentences, numbers, or Formulas (Context-specific)Cognitive Skills

beliefsimagesperspectivesmental models

Technical Skillscraftknow-how

Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge

http://www.flickr.com/photos/visitabudhabi/6708954439/

Tacit

Knowledge

Subjective and

experiential

knowledge that

can not be

expressed in

words, sentences,

numbers, or

Formulas

(Context-specific)

• Explicit

Knowledge

• Objective and

rational

knowledge that

can be

expressed in

words,

sentences,

numbers, or

formulas

(context-free)http://www.flickr.com/photos/stuartpilbrow/4264302708/

“Sticky” Information

• Product developers need two types of information in order to succeed at their work: need and context-of-use information (generated by users) and generic solution information (often initially generated by manufacturers specializing in a particular type of solution) Bringing these two types of information together is not easy. Both need information and solution information are often very “sticky”—that is, costly to move from the site where the information was generated to other sites�.

• -- “Democratizing Innovation” (by Eric Von Hippel)

Copyright Nonaka I. 2010

SECI Model

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit

Tacit Tacit

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit

SocializationSocialization ExternalizationExternalization

InternalizationInternalization CombinationCombination

OG

E

I

Environment

Individual

I G

G

G

G

Org.

E

I

I

I

I

I

Group

IE O



Organizational Knowledge CreationSECI Model

Sharing and creating tacit knowledge through direct experience

I = Individual, G = Group, O = Organization, E = Environment

Learning and acquiring new tacit knowledge in practice

1. Perceiving reality

as it is

2. Sensing and

Empathizing with

others and the

environment

3. Transferring of

tacit knowledge

9. Embodying explicit

knowledge through

action and reflection

10. Using simulation and

experiments

Articulating tacit knowledge through dialogue and reflection

4. Articulating tacit

knowledge using

symbolic language

5. Translating tacit

knowledge into a

concept or prototype

Systemizing and applying explicit knowledge and information

6. Gathering and

integrating explicit

knowledge

7. Breaking down the

concept and finding

relationships among

the concepts

8. Editing and

systemizing explicit

knowledge

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit

Tacit Tacit

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit



OG

E

I

Environment

Individual

I G

G

G

G

Org.

E

I

I

I

I

I

Group

IE O


A Story of

Matsushita Electric’s

“Home Bakery”(Bread Making Machine)

See: http://panasonic.co.jp/ism/bakery/vol01/index.html


Results�536,000 units in its first year.

�Exported to the United States, West Germany, and Hong Kong. Later to Sweden, Thailand, Australia, and New Zealand.

�1,000,000 units sold by the timecompetitors released their version.

�Users' voices to the engineers, fresh air to theCooking Appliances Division.

�Inspired other divisionsthroughout Matsushita.

Design Thinking

“Design thinking is a human-centered approach to innovation that draws

from the designer's toolkit to integrate the needs of people, the

possibilities of technology, and the requirements for business success.”

—Tim Brown, president and CEO

SECI Model and Agile Practices

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit Tacit

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit



Sprint DemoSprint Demo

Visit UsersVisit UsersCoding StandardCoding StandardT

acit

Sprint PlanningSprint Planning

Story WritingStory Writing

Everything about

Learning�

Everything about

Learning�

Daily StandupDaily Standup

Sit TogetherSit Together

Pair ProgrammingPair Programming

RetrospectivesRetrospectives

SECI As Knowledge Creation Machine

E

E

T

T T

E

E

T

SS EE

II CCT

T

Created Knowledge

Knowledge about

How to create it

Knowledge about

User and Usage

Growing Working

Software

Learning Scrum

Team

Implemented as

1. Design Thinking

2. Agile

Product People


Contemplation in Action:Indwelling in Actuality with Deep Thinking

“I can see many things

when I see a machine. How

can we maneuver through

that curve? We should do

this, we should do that....

Then I think about the next

machine. We can make a

faster machine if we think

like this, and so on. It’s a

natural progress into the

next step.”

- Soichiro Honda

Source: Honda Motor Corporation

(Picture at the Automobile Hall of Fame, Detroit)



Concept Building: Dialoguing on the Spot

Soichiro Honda

Drawing on

the floor

Words and

actionsBy articulating into

language, we

clearly understand

what we are

thinking

Source: Honda Motor Corporation

Automobile Hall of Fame (Detroit)

What’s the product owner ?

The person(s) who had the first belief, should run through the whole process

As the conveyer of knowledge.


Part II

Exploring User Wish

Through Mindmapping

Change Vision, Inc.

Kenji Hiranabe

By Yasunobu Kawaguchi


Exploring User Wish through

Mind Mapping

Kenji HIRANABE

Mind map by Michal Splho


Agenda

• Introduction

• What is a Mind Map and Why

• Exploring User Wish using Mind

Mapping

• Demonstration

• Conclusion


Mind Map

• Tony Buzan

• Graphical note technique

–And more than that

• Visualize thoughts with

a radiant structure

Seeing is understanding.Seeing is understanding.da Vinci uses Pictures and Words at the same time


Mind Mapping

• Examples �

Seeing is understanding.Seeing is understanding.Kent Beck’s XP 2nd

Project Christmas Planning

Meeting Minutes Template


User Wish Mind Map

• The first step of getting what you want.

• Get the Big Picture.

• Who? first.

• Semi-structured.

• Gather info and mine UseCases/User Stories.


Demonstration

• City Library System Interview�


Library Interview Mind Map


UseCase Diagram


User Stories Mind Map


User Stories Spreadsheet

Also to PowerPoint!


User WishUser Wish

Big Picture Mind MapBig Picture Mind Map

User Stories/ Use CasesUser Stories/ Use Cases

Why?Why?

Who?Who?

When?When?

Estimate, Plan, Prioritize, Test

valuerole

The big picture of this presentation


Stickyminds.com article“Agile Modeling with Mind Map and UML”

Search: stickyminds Kenji HIRANABE


Thank you !

creating knowledge with users

Technology

new tacit knowledge

tacit knowledge subjective

types of knowledge

explicit knowledge objective

science explicit knowledge

knowledge type

rational knowledge

experiential knowledge