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Page 1: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

Created by Mr. HemmertCreated by Mr. Hemmert

Robertsdale ElementaryRobertsdale Elementary

Fourth GradeFourth Grade

Page 2: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• In this lesson, you will learn about In this lesson, you will learn about the history of Astronomy. the history of Astronomy.

• After we view this presentation, you After we view this presentation, you will create a time line of the history will create a time line of the history of Astronomy. of Astronomy.

Page 3: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• DefinitionDefinition: The scientific study of : The scientific study of matter in outer space, especially the matter in outer space, especially the positions, dimensions, distribution, positions, dimensions, distribution, motion, composition, energy, and motion, composition, energy, and evolution of celestial bodies and evolution of celestial bodies and phenomena. phenomena.

Page 4: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

Aristotle believed that Earth was the center of the universe. He also stated that Earth was made up of only four elements: earth, water, air, and fire. He thought that the other celestial bodies such as the Sun, Moon, and stars, were made up of a fifth element called ether.

Page 5: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Ptolemy was a Greek astronomer. Ptolemy was a Greek astronomer. He combined his ideas with those He combined his ideas with those of Aristotle and created his own of Aristotle and created his own model of the universe. Like model of the universe. Like Aristotle, Ptolemy also believed Aristotle, Ptolemy also believed that Earth was the center of the that Earth was the center of the universe, and all other heavenly universe, and all other heavenly bodies circled it. This view bodies circled it. This view remained intact for over 1,400 remained intact for over 1,400 years until the time of years until the time of CopernicusCopernicus. .

Page 6: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Hypatia was an Egyptian Hypatia was an Egyptian math and astronomy math and astronomy teacher and is teacher and is remembered as one of remembered as one of the first female the first female astronomers. In addition astronomers. In addition to teaching math and to teaching math and astronomy, Hypatia astronomy, Hypatia invented several tools invented several tools relating to astronomy and relating to astronomy and the Earth sciencesthe Earth sciences

Page 7: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Nicholas Copernicus Nicholas Copernicus was a Polish was a Polish astronomer. He was astronomer. He was the first scientist to the first scientist to introduce a model of introduce a model of the Solar System that the Solar System that centered around the centered around the Sun. He believed that Sun. He believed that all the plants, including all the plants, including Earth, moved in orbits Earth, moved in orbits around the Sun. around the Sun.

Page 8: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Tycho Brahe was a Tycho Brahe was a Danish astronomer. He Danish astronomer. He is best known for his is best known for his observations of stars, observations of stars, comets, and planets in comets, and planets in the night sky. Tycho the night sky. Tycho also build the first also build the first observatory. Tycho’s observatory. Tycho’s records were later records were later used by Kepler to used by Kepler to describe the orbits of describe the orbits of planets. planets.

Page 9: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Johan Kepler was a Johan Kepler was a German astronomer. German astronomer. Kepler used Brahe’s Kepler used Brahe’s records to show that records to show that planetary orbits are not planetary orbits are not circular, but elliptical (or circular, but elliptical (or shaped like an egg). He shaped like an egg). He was able to prove this was able to prove this theory about planetary theory about planetary motion. As a result, he motion. As a result, he helped prove that the helped prove that the Copernican model of the Copernican model of the universe was correct. universe was correct.

Page 10: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Galileo Galilei was an Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer Italian astronomer and physicist. He and physicist. He was the first scientist was the first scientist to use a telescope to to use a telescope to study the night sky study the night sky and Jupiter’s moons. and Jupiter’s moons. Galileo was also one Galileo was also one of the first scientists of the first scientists to report that there to report that there were craters on the were craters on the Moon and spots on Moon and spots on the Sun. the Sun.

Page 11: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Sir Isaac Newton was Sir Isaac Newton was an English scientist and an English scientist and mathematician. He was mathematician. He was one of the most notable one of the most notable scholars of his time. scholars of his time. Newton developed Newton developed several laws that help several laws that help us understand the us understand the movement of objects. movement of objects. As the story goes, As the story goes, Newton was inspired to Newton was inspired to create his theory of create his theory of gravity after he gravity after he watched an apple fall to watched an apple fall to the ground. the ground.

Page 12: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Caroline Herschel Caroline Herschel was a German was a German astronomer. She and astronomer. She and her brother, William her brother, William Herschel, discovered Herschel, discovered three new nebulae three new nebulae (clouds of space (clouds of space dust) and eight dust) and eight comets. She also comets. She also wrote books on wrote books on astronomy. astronomy.

Page 13: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• Now that you have learned about the Now that you have learned about the history of astronomy, you will create history of astronomy, you will create a time line of important events that a time line of important events that shaped this branch of science. shaped this branch of science.

Page 14: Created by Mr. Hemmert Robertsdale Elementary Fourth Grade

• http://kids.niehs.nih.gov/chicken2.htm• http://www.nndb.com/people/035/000029945/• http://pages.prodigy.net/fljustice/hypatia.htmlhttp://pages.prodigy.net/fljustice/hypatia.html• http://ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/http://ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/

NatSci102/lectures/copernicus.htmNatSci102/lectures/copernicus.htm• http://www.nndb.com/people/559/000024487/http://www.nndb.com/people/559/000024487/• http://www.nndb.com/people/342/000086084/http://www.nndb.com/people/342/000086084/• http://www.solarnavigator.net/inventors/http://www.solarnavigator.net/inventors/

galileo_galilei.htmgalileo_galilei.htm• http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/ http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/ • http://www. udel. edu/ udaily/ 2010/ oct/ http://www. udel. edu/ udaily/ 2010/ oct/

lemonick102009.html/ lemonick102009.html/