Lecture 6

Introduction to Architecture and Urban Planning CE-210

Engr. Mansoor Khan

Overview

• Re-urbanization• Suburbanization• Counter Urbanization• Group / class activity• Zoning

Suburbanization• The movement of people from the

inner parts of a city to the outer parts • It has been facilitated by the

development of transport networks and the increase in ownership of private cars

• These have allowed people to commute to work

Counter Urbanization

• The movement of people from large urban areas or into rural areas.

• Process of migration of people from major urban areas to smaller urban settlements and rural areas.

Factors/ causes (counter-urbanization)

• Negative reaction to city life • Escape from air pollution, dirt and crime

of the urban environment • Aspire to what is seen as pleasant, quiet

and clean environment of countryside• Land and house prices are cheaper.

Recall our discussion regarding rural pull factors

Factors/ causes (counter-urbanization)

• Car ownership and greater affluence allow people to commute

• Improvement in technology allows freedom of location

• Rising demand for second homes and earlier retirement

• Agriculture in decline. Farmers sell off land

Positive and negative impacts (Urban)

• To urban areas, counter urbanization also make both positive and negative impacts on them.

• After some population migrate to rural areas, current situation in cities will become better, pressures of cities can be relieved. But on the other hand, when many people move out from cities, urban areas may be lack of labor force and development will be slower.

• At the same time, negative impact will happen on economy in urban areas

Positive and negative impacts (Rural)

For rural areas, counter urbanization make them develop faster and bring them more chances and people.

farmers can make large amounts of money by selling lands to developers from cities.

But counter urbanization will also make some negative impacts on rural areas.

Such as environment in rural areas may be damaged because of the development, and there may be some conflict between old and new residents or modern and traditional culture

Planning Techniques (Urban Planning)Counter Urbanization – Group task

Is there any ways to help people

improve their lives without changing

living place?

6 groups – 6 tasks (20 minutes)

1. What kind of life do people more prefer?2. Is there any methods to balance the development of

cities and the qualities of human lives in cities?3. Develop a relation between counter urbanization and

controlling urban sprawl?4. What are the effects of counter urbanization to urban

and rural areas?5. What are counter urbanization and its causes?6. Link satellite town and garden city concept to counter

urbanization?

Zoning

• Zoning is a device of land use planning used by local governments in most developed countries

• Zoning may be use-based (regulating the uses to which land may be put, also called functional zoning

• or it may regulate building height• Lot coverage (density) etc

The rapid uncontrolled expansion of metropolitan areas

Stress on Infrastructure facilities

A 5-10 minutes presentation Topics- Next Week

• Urban Sprawl• Zoning• Master plan• Urbanization & counter

urbanization• Urban renewal of Peshawar city