cost of illegal dumping workshop capital area … of illegal dumping workshop capital area council...

July 26, 2017 | 9:30 AM to 2:30 PM

Cost of Illegal Dumping Workshop

Capital Area Council of Governments

Presenter:

Mr. David S. Yanke

NEWGEN STRATEGIES AND SOLUTIONS, LLC

Workshop Agenda

A. Introductions/Background

B. Overview Regarding Illegal Dumping

C. Impact of Illegal Dumping on Your Community

D. Cost of Illegal Dumping

E. Summary

F. Questions and Answers

2

A. Introductions/Background


NewGen Strategies & Solutions, LLC

• NewGen is a management consulting firm specializing in providing economic, strategic, stakeholder, and sustainability services

• 36 person firm with offices in Austin, Dallas, Denver, Nashville, and Orlando

Solid WasteWater/

Wastewater

Energy Gas

4


NewGen Strategies & Solutions, LLC (cont’d)

• Specific solid waste services include:

Cost of Service and Rate Design

Procurement

Solid Waste Management Plans

Contract and Franchise Agreement

Negotiations

Valuations

Efficiency Studies

Operational Reviews

Financial Feasibility Studies

5


David S. Yanke

• President – Environmental Practice

• More than 25 years of experience:

– Planning, operational, financial consulting services

• Wide range of experience

– More than 150 financial, economic, feasibility and

valuation studies

– Developed Environmental Enforcement Manuals

– Developed Full Cost Accounting Workbooks

– Frequent speaker at WasteCon, STAR, and TxSWANA

conferences

6


Through the years…

7

Reed-Stowe & Co.

(1991-1996)

Navigant Consulting

(1997-2000)

Reed, Stowe &

Yanke, LLC(2000-2003)

R. W. Beck, Inc.

(2003-2009)

SAIC(2009-2013)

LeidosEngineering(2013-2014)

NewGen Strategies & Solutions,

LLC(2014-

Present)


Illegal Dumping Experience

8


Goals of this Workshop

9

Learn about the history of illegal

dumping

Discuss a regional approach to

combatting illegal dumping

Evaluate the costs, and associated benefits of an environmental enforcement

program

Share and network with other entities

regarding illegal dumping efforts

Goals

B. Overview Regarding Illegal Dumping


What is Illegal Dumping?

11

“Illegal dumping is disposal of waste in an unpermitted area. It is also referred to as “open dumping,” “fly

dumping,” and “midnight dumping” because materials are dumped in open areas late at night.”

Source: EPA Illegal Dumping Prevention Guidebook


Dave’s Experience

Year Client Project

1997 H-GAC A Review of Illegal Dumping in Montgomery and Wharton Counties

1998 H-GAC How to Develop and Operate an Environmental Enforcement Program

1999 TNRCC/TCEQ Conduct of Four One-day Workshops Concerning Illegal Dumping

2000 Missouri DNR How to Establish and Operate an Environmental Enforcement Program

2001 NCTCOG Targeted Illegal Dumper Study

2002 Iowa DNRHow to Establish and Operate an Illegal Dumping Prevention and Response Program Resource Guide

2003 H-GAC Environmental Circuit Rider Prosecutor Project

2003 H-GAC Illegal Dumping: A Regional Approach to Environmental Enforcement

2003 NCTCOG Regional Stop Illegal Dumping Cost/Benefit Analysis Study

2005 Seattle Public Utilities Illegal Dumping Program Assessment

12

“Dave’s insight and work

with us resonates to this day

in many of our policies

related to illegal dumping

issues and prevention here

in Iowa.”

Mel Pins

Iowa DNR


Houston-Galveston Area Council

• Purpose – develop a “how-to”

guide for local governments for

combatting illegal dumping

• Led to additional projects and

workshops around the country

13

1• Political buy-in/planning

2• Management structure

3• Education

4• Enforcement and prosecution

5• Clean-up

6• Program management

The six steps for an effective environmental enforcement program


Houston-Galveston Area Council

• Study regarding improvements to, and potential regionalization of, environmental enforcement activities in the H-GAC region.

• Key findings and recommendations include:

– Implementation of a circuit rider prosecutor program

– Creation of an environmental court

– Training concerning abandoned vehicles

– Funding for laboratory testing

– Development of a regional database

– Establishment of performance standards

– Creation of a regional task force

– Ongoing environmental enforcement training

14


North Central Texas Council of Governments

• As a component of a three-year strategic

program, NCTCOG initiated a study to

better understand the typical illegal

dumpers in the NCTCOG region.

• Developed seven categories:

1. Rural residents

2. Urban/suburban residents

3. Private/commercial haulers

4. Contractors/remodelers

5. Drug labs

6. Businesses (oil, solvents, tires, etc.)

7. Illegal solid waste facilities (sham

recyclers)

15


Regional Illegal Dumping Trends

• Intraregional movement of illegal

dumping

• Dumping on land owned by absent

property owners

• Lack of cooperation from prosecutors

and/or judges

• Lack of cooperation from law

enforcement

• Inconvenient disposal operating hours

• Residents dumping brush and bulky

items

• Economics and risk

• Illegal use of dumpsters

• Private haulers


(cont’d)

16


Urban Area Illegal Dumping Trends

• Dumping of chemicals and

hazardous materials

• Automotive shops

• Dumping in vacant lots

• Landscaping and tree service

contractors

• House remodelers

• Sham recyclers


(cont’d)

17


Rural area illegal dumping

trends

• Lack of disposal and collection

services

• Lack of public awareness

• Lack of brushy and bulky collection

services

• Illegal dumping from drug labs

• Sham composters

• Sham scrap tire processors

• Dumping on roadsides and bridges

• Illegal landfills

Suburban area illegal dumping

trends

• Construction and demolition materials

• Dumping in undeveloped areas


(cont’d)

18


Seattle Public Utilities

• SPU retained Mr. Yanke in 2005

to complete a study that would:

– Characterize the problem of illegal

dumping in Seattle

– Review the current illegal dumping

program

– Benchmark problems and programs

– Develop BMPs for SPU

– Present and evaluate strategies to

incorporate into SPU’s program

19


Seattle Public Utilities (cont’d)

• BMPs and strategies

1. Define clear roles and responsibilities for

team members to clarify boundaries of the

program

2. Formalize lines of communication to

facilitate exchange of information

3. Increase awareness of illegal dumping and

efforts of the program

4. Conduct education and outreach

20



5. Produce awareness materials that reach out

to all demographics

6. Disseminate information about convenient

recycling and disposal options

7. Actively enforce illegal dumping laws

8. Implement aggressive prosecution for

effective enforcement

21



8. Equip enforcement personnel to increase

productivity effectiveness

9. Train enforcement personnel in BMPs

10.Use department of corrections crews to

make clean-up efficient and cost-effective

11.Track activities and outcomes to identify

trends and program evaluation

22


Capital Area Planning Council of

Governments

• Network of law and code

enforcement officers collaborate to

combat illegal dumping and other

environmental crimes

• 12 member agencies

– 10 counties and the cities of Austin

and Cedar Park

• Funding for CAPCOG support comes

from TCEQ (distributing a portion of

landfill tipping fees to the solid waste

programs of regional councils of

governments statewide)

23

C. Impact of Illegal Dumping

on Your Community


Toxic chemicals/hazardous wastes

Direct exposure to hazardous wastes (sharps)

Impact of Illegal Dumping on Your

Community

25


Fires Flooding


Community (cont’d)

26


Breeding grounds for disease-carrying vectors Financial implications…

• Costs for personnel

• Equipment

• Education

• Economic development


Community (cont’d)

27


(Methodology)


Cost of Illegal Dumping - Methodology

• These reports and materials were

developed with the intention that they

would serve as an on-going reference

and planning guide.

• Many of the concepts presented in this

workshop are generally accepted as

effective methods for managing illegal

dumping issues and are applicable even

as the entity changes.

29


Pattern of Illegal Dumping Programs

30

Point at which enforcement and education program is initiated

Time

Bu

dge

tInitially, typically for a period of up to five years, local governments see a drastic

increase in the amount of reported cases of illegal dumping

6-10 years following implementation: decreases in the amount of reports and

overall clean-up budget are likely to occur


Cost of Illegal Dumping – Methodology

(cont’d)

• In order to examine all costs of an illegal

dumping abatement program many factors need

to be examined.

31

1. Costs of Illegal Dumping Clean-up

2. Costs of Environmental Enforcement

3. Costs of Education and Outreach

Personnel Equipment Other



(cont’d)

32

Public Works

Enforcement Officer

Contractors

County Jail Trustees

Volunteer/Community Groups

Clean-up Personnel Profiles

1. Illegal Dumping Clean-up


Clean-up Personnel Profile - Example

Role: Public Works Staff

General Description:Often the primary resource for illegal dumping clean-up efforts in many cities and counties

Jurisdiction:Generally responsible to maintain all roadways and right-of-way, (~15 feet along either side of the roadway)

Equipment:Brush truck, reflective vests, disposal bags. Heavy equipment needs will vary

Limitations:Typically cannot clean-up dumpsites outside of publicly owned property

33




(cont’d)

Material Profile:

C&D, hazardous waste, dead animals, liquid wastes

Material Profile:

Residential wastes, bulky items, scrap tires

Larg

e V

olu

me

Du

mp

site

sSm

all or Scattered

Du

mp

sites

34

Equipment needs vary by the type of dumpsite



Clean-up Equipment Profile - Example

Size of Dumpsite: Large Volume

Material Profile:C&D, hazardous materials, dead animals, bulky waste, white goods, brush, ashes, liquid wastes, other

Equipment Profile:Front-end loader, knuckle-boom trucks, roll-off container and trucks, dump truck, tracked excavator, brush collection vehicle, tow truck

Approximate Cost:Varies by type of equipment. Per item cost can range between $3,000 for roll-off containers to $250,000 for heavy equipment

35




(cont’d)

• Other Clean-up Issues

36


Public and private property

Heavy rain clean-up

River, stream, or creek bed clean-up

Roadside ditches

Significant distances to disposal facilities


Other Clean-up Issues

37

Roadside ditches Creek beds



(cont’d)

38

Sherriff's Office

Constable’s Office

Fire Marshall’s Office

Police Department

Code Enforcement Office

Health Department

District/County Attorney’s Office

Enforcement Personnel Profiles

2. Environmental Enforcement



(cont’d)

39


Role: Code Enforcement Office

General Description:Investigates and enforces a local government’s property maintenance regulations while ensuring the health and safety of residences

Perceived Advantages:

Familiarity with environmental lawsCan obtain peace officer commission

PerceivedDisadvantages:

Unable to carry firearms, make arrests, or enforce criminal statutesSome scenarios may require assistance from other departments



(cont’d)

40

Digital cameras

Remote video recording

Two-way radios

Binoculars

Laptop computers and tablets

Mobile digital terminals (MDTs)

Enforcement Equipment Profiles




(cont’d)

41


Equipment: Binoculars (with night vision capability)

General Description: Allows the operator to see objects clearly at night. Some are equipped with infrared technology allowing the operator to see in total darkness

Applicability: Night vision binoculars may be used during evening stakeouts of illegal dumpsites

Limitations: Night vision binoculars cannot be used during the day and may be limited where artificial light is present

Approximate Cost: Unit prices range from $300 - $7,000



(cont’d)

• Other Environmental Enforcement Issues

– Sub-regional environmental enforcement task force

– Sub-regional environmental enforcement office

– Sub-regional circuit rider program

– Environmental court

– Fines collected by enforcement personnel

– Supplemental environmental projects (SEP)

42




(cont’d)

43

Environmental Enforcement Officer

Public Information Officer

Solid Waste/Public Works Staff

Education and Outreach Personnel

Profiles

3. Education and Outreach



(cont’d)

44

Role: Public Information Officer

General Description:Responsible for presenting information to residents and the media. Can publish or provide information on illegal dumping investigations, clean-up events, and other related topics.

PotentialAdvantages:

Likely to be experienced and knowledgeable in effective communication strategiesRegular contact with media sources

PotentialDisadvantages:

May not be viewed as an authority figureMay be unfamiliar, or uncomfortable with, certain aspects of illegal dumping




(cont’d)

45

Education and Outreach

Materials Profiles


Brochures Fliers Promotional Items

Billboards BannersRadio

Advertisements

Utility Bill Inserts Door HangersSchool

Engagements

Seminars & Outreach

Website Development

Video Service Announcements

Cinema Advertising

Newspapers & Circulars

Social Media



(cont’d)

46

Outreach Type: Fliers

General Applications:

Inexpensive product used to inform public about special events, hotlines, or environmental programs

PotentialAdvantages:

Shorter production time than other educational materialsLess expensive to produce and can be reproduced in-house

PotentialDisadvantages:

Easily torn, wrinkled, or weathered and do not last as long as other educational materials

Approximate Cost: Generally minor; 100 copies of fliers produced on a copier can range from $8 to $10 total



City of Austin Code Enforcement

• City of Austin spends

$250,000 per year cleaning

up illegal dumpsites

• Social media campaign

• “Sad Couch” travels around

West Campus to raise

awareness regarding illegal

dumping

47


Sad Couch Twitter Feed

48


Sad Couch in Action

49


Doña Ana County, New Mexico

• Multi-agency task force

• Active in schools and communities

• Apps for both iPhone and Android

platforms

50


Carlos the Coyote – Doña Ana County

51


Illegal Dumping Education Materials

52


Illegal Dumping Education Materials

(cont’d)

53


(Example)


City A

• Population of approximately 44,000

• 15-20 known illegal dumpsites

TaskAnnual Cost Allocated to

Illegal DumpingPercentage of Budget

Illegal Dumping Clean-up $135,844 75%

Environmental Enforcement $11,166 6%

Education and Outreach $34,030 19%

Total $181,040 100%

55


City A | Clean-up Costs

56




57




58



City A | Enforcement Costs

59



City A | Education and Outreach Costs

60



City B

• Population of approximately 129,356

• 20 chronic dumpsites; 275 dumpsites

appear or are cleaned up, annually



Clean-up $125,607 54%

Enforcement $50,654 22%


Total $231,159 100%

61


City B | Clean-up Costs

62



City B | Enforcement Costs

63



City B | Education and Outreach Costs

64



County A

• Population of 429,276

• Estimated 59 known dumpsites (as many

as 120 in a given year)

65



Clean-up $114,245 53%

Enforcement $88,410 42%


Total $212,820 100%


County A | Clean-up Costs

66



County A | Enforcement Costs

67



County A | Enforcement Costs

68



County A | Education and Outreach Costs

69



Cost of Illegal Dumping | Summary

Entity Clean-up EnforcementEducation and

OutreachTotal

City A $135,844 $11,166 $34,030 $181,040

City B $125,607 $50,654 $54,898 $231,159

County A $114,245 $88,410 $10,165 $212,820

Total ($) $375,696 $150,230 $99,093 $625,019

Total (%) 60.1% 24.0% 15.9% 100%

70


Cost of Illegal Dumping | Summary (cont’d)

71

Entity Cost per Dumpsite

City A $629

City B $457

County A $952

Average Cost Per Dumpsite $679

Entity Clean-up Cost Per Ton

City A $354

City B $359

County A $85


Cost of Illegal Dumping | Summary (cont’d)

• Other potential metrics

– Number of investigations per year

– Number of convictions as a percentage of

investigations

– Number of educational events attended, per

year, by type

– Other

72

Monitor the program to track progressConduct a yearly trend analysis


Cost Analysis Complete – Now What?

• Meet with key staff

• Discuss results

• Discuss next steps

• What is working; what needs

improvement

• Monitor results and meet regularly

• Keep elected officials informed

73

E. Summary


Summary

• Illegal dumping solutions

– Education

• Decision makers on same

page

• Education NEVER stops

– Convenient disposal

• Advertise legal disposal and

recycling locations

75


Summary (cont’d)

• Illegal dumping solutions

– Enforcement

• Monitor frequently visited dumpsites

• Develop reporting system

• Surveillance

• Investigate

(who, what, when, where, why, and how?)

76

Questions and Answers

Mr. David S. Yanke

[email protected]

Direct: (512) 649-1254

Cell: (512) 773-5494

3420 Executive Center Drive

Suite 165

Austin, TX 78731

Phone: (512) 479-7900

mailto:[email protected]

cost of illegal dumping workshop capital area … of illegal dumping workshop capital area council...

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