copyright 2006 eurocontrol1 pbn performance based navigation - implementation challenges - presented...

Copyright 2006 EUROCONTROL

1

PBNPBNPPerformance erformance BBasedased

NNavigationavigation

- Implementation Challenges Implementation Challenges --

Presented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROLPresented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROLPresented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROLPresented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROL

ICAO Performance SymposiumICAO Performance SymposiumMarch 2007March 2007

Federal AviationAdministration

2Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM

Montréal, March 2007

OverviewOverview

Safety CaseSafety Case Why neededWhy needed Application to PBNApplication to PBNData integrityData integrity Why neededWhy needed WGS 84WGS 84 SurveyingSurveying Maintaining data qualityMaintaining data quality




Safety Cases - When and Why Safety Cases - When and Why

When a significantWhen a significant changechange is going to be is going to be made to and operation, service and/or made to and operation, service and/or systemsystem

To confirm that the resulting system:To confirm that the resulting system: Is safeIs safe Can Remain safe Can Remain safe andand Can be implemented safelyCan be implemented safely

When a significantWhen a significant changechange is going to be is going to be made to and operation, service and/or made to and operation, service and/or systemsystem

To confirm that the resulting system:To confirm that the resulting system: Is safeIs safe Can Remain safe Can Remain safe andand Can be implemented safelyCan be implemented safely



Safety Assessment Considerations (1)Safety Assessment Considerations (1)

Aircraft PerformanceAircraft Performance Normal performance: Lateral accuracy - navigation Normal performance: Lateral accuracy - navigation

specificationsspecifications Non-Normal Performance: Non-Normal Performance:

RNAV system failures, RNAV system failures, ““blunder” errors e.g. wrong route selection blunder” errors e.g. wrong route selection

Are single systems allowed – what happens if it failsAre single systems allowed – what happens if it fails Is RNP required – if not how to detect position errors?Is RNP required – if not how to detect position errors? Identify mitigations e.g.Identify mitigations e.g.

Crew procedure and training, Crew procedure and training, Surveillance or additional separationSurveillance or additional separation..

Aircraft PerformanceAircraft Performance Normal performance: Lateral accuracy - navigation Normal performance: Lateral accuracy - navigation

specificationsspecifications Non-Normal Performance: Non-Normal Performance:

RNAV system failures, RNAV system failures, ““blunder” errors e.g. wrong route selection blunder” errors e.g. wrong route selection

Are single systems allowed – what happens if it failsAre single systems allowed – what happens if it fails Is RNP required – if not how to detect position errors?Is RNP required – if not how to detect position errors? Identify mitigations e.g.Identify mitigations e.g.

Crew procedure and training, Crew procedure and training, Surveillance or additional separationSurveillance or additional separation..




Infrastructure Navigation aidsInfrastructure Navigation aids impact of failureimpact of failure

Single Navaid – eg DMESingle Navaid – eg DME Loss of GNSS over large area (eg Loss of GNSS over large area (eg

Jamming)Jamming) MitigationsMitigations

RadarRadar Increased separationIncreased separation Requirement for carriage of backupRequirement for carriage of backup

Infrastructure Navigation aidsInfrastructure Navigation aids impact of failureimpact of failure

Single Navaid – eg DMESingle Navaid – eg DME Loss of GNSS over large area (eg Loss of GNSS over large area (eg

Jamming)Jamming) MitigationsMitigations

RadarRadar Increased separationIncreased separation Requirement for carriage of backupRequirement for carriage of backup




Infrastructure – Comms, SurveillanceInfrastructure – Comms, Surveillance.. Important factor determining route spacing Important factor determining route spacing Consider Consider

CoverageCoverage Redundancy Redundancy

Effectivity Effectivity ATC Workload ATC Workload Nature of commsNature of comms

Infrastructure – Comms, SurveillanceInfrastructure – Comms, Surveillance.. Important factor determining route spacing Important factor determining route spacing Consider Consider

CoverageCoverage Redundancy Redundancy

Effectivity Effectivity ATC Workload ATC Workload Nature of commsNature of comms



OverviewOverview





The Problem Identified

ANSP(AIS)

DBProviders

AircraftOperators

If unclear or ambiguous procedure description Aircraft fly

different tracks

AIP ADB/DB

Lack of Integrity



Example of Data Coding

NAV32516.3617



Example of Data Coding

NAV32516.3618



An Example of a Chart Error

??

50º 31’.0.1.2.3.4.5

.0

.1

.2

.3

.4

.5



OtherGovernment

Sources

RNVREQ_1097

CommunicationsServiceProvider

AerodromeAir TrafficServiceProvider

Procedure& AirspaceDesigner

AeronauticalInformation

Service

End Users

NOTAMAIP

FMSData

ApplicationsProvider

Flight PlanningData


EndUsers

SimulatorData


Navigation DataTailoring Requirements

NavigationData

Processor

Who is Involved?



BasicData

Sources

•Collect•Process•Publish•Distribute

Users

Every player must establish a Navigation Data Process in order to ensure the quality of data delivered to the users

RNVREQ_1101

Navigation Data Process



Data Chain Processes and Standards

OriginationDerive and

Publisheg States’

AIPs

Application Integration

Link to target equipment in

required format

End UseLoad and Maintain

current cycle

Preparation by Data Service

Provider

ReceiveAssembleTranslate

SelectFormat

Distribute

DO-201A/ED-77

DO-200A/ED-76DO-178B/ED-12B

DO-200A/ED-76

State’s ResponsibilityState’s Responsibility

JARs



Data Exchange after Publication in AIC

CMC Canada

RockwellGarmin

Smiths Honeywell

Data Packers

FMS Packed Data

Compiled Data Jeppesen - DE

EAG - UKJeppesen - US

Data Houses

Lufthansa Systems - CH


Montréal, March 2007RNVREQ_1100

What is Data Quality?

Quality is ability to meet requirementsQuality is ability to meet requirements Characterised by:Characterised by:

AccuracyAccuracyResolutionResolutionAssurance LevelAssurance LevelTraceabilityTraceabilityTimelinessTimelinessCompletenessCompletenessFormatFormat



Managing DataWhat is Data Integrity?

RS56869_1005

The assurance that a The assurance that a data item retrieved from data item retrieved from a storage system has a storage system has not been changed since not been changed since the original data entry or the original data entry or latest authorised latest authorised amendmentamendment

Data

Data

Exchange

Same?



ICAO Requirements

RS56869_1006

User requirements in ICAO Annex 15

Critical (10-8) Essential (10-5) Data

Routine (10-3)



Some Specific Requirements

Data Configuration Management Data Configuration Management – know data – know data origin and what has happened to it during its lifeorigin and what has happened to it during its life

Software Tools Qualification – Software Tools Qualification – Tools validated to Tools validated to ensure they do what they should doensure they do what they should do

Quality Management – Quality Management – well defined procedures well defined procedures capable of ensuring qualitycapable of ensuring quality

Compliance – Compliance – do what the quality procedures requiredo what the quality procedures require

Audit – Audit – demonstrate that they have been useddemonstrate that they have been used



Issues to be Addressed

Survey – does it meet accuracy and Survey – does it meet accuracy and integrity requirementsintegrity requirements

Is there means to guarantee that data not Is there means to guarantee that data not corrupted corrupted

RNAV coding – has the data house RNAV coding – has the data house correctly interpreted the design? correctly interpreted the design?

Traceability – can you validate to confirm Traceability – can you validate to confirm whether process workingwhether process working



WGS 84 WGS 84 Global Geodetic System Global Geodetic System

Only accurate to 1-2 MetresOnly accurate to 1-2 Metres

International Terrestrial Reference System International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS)(ITRS)Precise geodetic system : 1-3 cm over Precise geodetic system : 1-3 cm over

5,000 km5,000 kmMaintained by the International Earth Maintained by the International Earth

Rotation Service Rotation Service Addresses Plate Tectonic movements.Addresses Plate Tectonic movements.ITRF – globally distributed network with ITRF – globally distributed network with

defined epoch (date), position and velocitydefined epoch (date), position and velocity

Global Geodetic System Global Geodetic System Only accurate to 1-2 MetresOnly accurate to 1-2 Metres

International Terrestrial Reference System International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS)(ITRS)Precise geodetic system : 1-3 cm over Precise geodetic system : 1-3 cm over

5,000 km5,000 kmMaintained by the International Earth Maintained by the International Earth

Rotation Service Rotation Service Addresses Plate Tectonic movements.Addresses Plate Tectonic movements.ITRF – globally distributed network with ITRF – globally distributed network with

defined epoch (date), position and velocitydefined epoch (date), position and velocity



How to survey How to survey

GPS Observation Techniques Connection to the geodetic reference frameStations with defined ITRF coordinatesControl Stations

clear line of sight away ensure no interferenceRedundancy of data collection to allow

validationHardware selection – e.g. impact of

mixed receiver network – antenna phase centre differences etc.

Survey Marking

GPS Observation Techniques Connection to the geodetic reference frameStations with defined ITRF coordinatesControl Stations

clear line of sight away ensure no interferenceRedundancy of data collection to allow

validationHardware selection – e.g. impact of

mixed receiver network – antenna phase centre differences etc.

Survey Marking



SurveysSurveys

20

What to Survey

Survey

Survey

20



SurveysSurveysHow to mark How to mark

(Monumentation(Monumentation))How to mark How to mark

(Monumentation(Monumentation))

Steel or Alloy tube

Optional concrete collar

Fine mark cross

Ground surface

Length to be agreed according to ground conditions.The illustration is diagrammatic only and is not intended to refer to any particular proprietary type.

SV coverBevelled top withcentre punchnail at top

Concrete500x500 mmon plan

Compressiblefiller 25 mmthick minimum

20 mm diameterstainless steelrod 600 mm. long.

trial pitback filledwith concrete

10 mm. diameter stainless steelrod 100 mm. long fitted throughpre-drilled hole in 20 mm. dia (vertical) rod.



Data Origination Data Origination

EUROCONTROL Guidance MaterialEUROCONTROL Guidance MaterialIntegrity of Aeronautical InformationIntegrity of Aeronautical Information

- - Aeronautical Data OriginationAeronautical Data OriginationAFN/NAV/DAT/ORG/DOC001-150404AFN/NAV/DAT/ORG/DOC001-150404

Survey and procedure Design RequirementsSurvey and procedure Design Requirements

FAA Guidance MaterialFAA Guidance Material FAA Specification 405 FAA Specification 405 Standards for Standards for

Aeronautical Surveys and Related ProductsAeronautical Surveys and Related Products FAA Order 8260.19 FAA Order 8260.19 Flight Procedures and Flight Procedures and

AirspaceAirspace

EUROCONTROL Guidance MaterialEUROCONTROL Guidance MaterialIntegrity of Aeronautical InformationIntegrity of Aeronautical Information

- - Aeronautical Data OriginationAeronautical Data OriginationAFN/NAV/DAT/ORG/DOC001-150404AFN/NAV/DAT/ORG/DOC001-150404

Survey and procedure Design RequirementsSurvey and procedure Design Requirements

FAA Guidance MaterialFAA Guidance Material FAA Specification 405 FAA Specification 405 Standards for Standards for

Aeronautical Surveys and Related ProductsAeronautical Surveys and Related Products FAA Order 8260.19 FAA Order 8260.19 Flight Procedures and Flight Procedures and

AirspaceAirspace



Requirements AddressedRequirements Addressed

Survey –WGS84Survey –WGS84 Training for designers Training for designers Software Tool Qualification Software Tool Qualification Data managementData management Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance Verification of Procedure DesignsVerification of Procedure Designs PublicationPublication Validation testsValidation tests

Flyabilty – under range of wind conditions Flyabilty – under range of wind conditions for appropriate aircraft typesfor appropriate aircraft types

Navigation aid coverageNavigation aid coverage

Survey –WGS84Survey –WGS84 Training for designers Training for designers Software Tool Qualification Software Tool Qualification Data managementData management Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance Verification of Procedure DesignsVerification of Procedure Designs PublicationPublication Validation testsValidation tests

Flyabilty – under range of wind conditions Flyabilty – under range of wind conditions for appropriate aircraft typesfor appropriate aircraft types

Navigation aid coverageNavigation aid coverage

copyright 2006 eurocontrol1 pbn performance based navigation - implementation challenges - presented...

Documents

pbn data integrity qwhy

carriage of backup slide

basic data sources

additional separation

overview safety case

rnav system failures

crew procedure

service andor system