TEAM DEVELOPMENT

Cooperation and CompetitionManaging ConflictPower and Social InfluenceSituational Leadership

Learning in Groups and Teams

COOPERATION AND COMPETITION- EXAMPLES FROM YOUR WORK ENVIRONMENT

How does competition hurt a team? How does competition between groups affect

a team? How can a team deal with the negative

effects of competition?

What are the benefits and problems of cooperation?

Why is teamwork considered a “mixed-motive” situation?

MANAGING CONFLICT

Why is the lack of conflict a sign of a problem in a team?

What are the healthy and unhealthy sources of conflict?

What are the different approaches to conflict resolution?

How is negotiation different from mediation and arbitration?

What are the pros and cons of third-party interventions in a conflict?

TRUE OR FALSE?

Conflict is bad and should be avoided

Team members misunderstanding one another causes conflict.

All conflicts can be resolved to everyone’s satisfaction.

False – conflict is a normal part of a teams’ life

False – conflict is when people perceive others have taken actions that have a negative effect on their interests

False – some conflicts cannot be resolved; however agreement can usually be reached about task issues; agreements about relationship issues often remain unless the relationship is redefined.

The nature of conflict True or False?

SOURCES OF CONFLICT

Focused on task issues

Legitimate differences of opinion about the task

Differences in values and perspectives

Difference expectations about the impact of decisions

Competition over power, rewards, and resources

Conflict between individual and group goals

Poorly run team meetings

Personal grudges from the past

Faulty communications

Healthy Conflict Unhealthy Conflict

CONFLICT RESOLUTION APPROACHES

Confrontation

Compromise

Collaboration

Avoidance Accommodation

high

Assert

iven

ess

Cooperativeness low high

NEGOTIATION STRATEGIES

Separate the people from the problem

Focus on shared interests of all parties

Develop many options that can be used to

solve the problem

Evaluate the options using objective criteria

Try again

POWER AND SOCIAL INFLUENCE

What is the nature of conformity? Defined as a change in a person’s behavior

or opinions as a result of real or imagined pressure from a person or a group of people.

What causes people to conform to group pressure?

Asch’s experiments on conformity

VARIABLES THAT INCREASE OR DECREASE CONFORMITY

BASES OF POWER Expert

Power given to a person based on a person’s credibility or expertise

Information power based on knowledge one has about the subject

Referent Power given to an individual freely by others

based on personal liking and admiration Position

Power demanded by the authority of the person’s position Legitimate Reward Coercive

CYCLE OF POWER

POWER STYLES

LEADERSHIP IN TEAMS

SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIPS

up

port

ing

Beh

avio

r

Directive Behaviorlow high

high

SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS

Su

pp

ort

ing

Beh

avio

r

Directive Behaviorlow high

high

DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF THE FOLLOWER

Competence = Knowledge and Skills

Commitment = Motivation and Confidence