coolpac: cooling sleeve for firefighters 4910 final... · n/a 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . april...

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COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS University of Connecticut at Storrs Team 2: Jaspreet Mankoo Kerri Blanc Sean Meehan Nedim Begovac Sponsor: Createc Consulting LLC Advisors: Hans Almqvist Mike Brookman

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Page 1: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

COOLPAC: COOLING

SLEEVE FOR

FIREFIGHTERS

University of Connecticut at Storrs

Team 2: Jaspreet Mankoo Kerri Blanc Sean Meehan Nedim Begovac

Sponsor: Createc Consulting LLC Advisors: Hans Almqvist Mike Brookman

Page 2: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

April 18, 2011

2

University of Connecticut

OUTLINE

About Createc

Statement of Need

The Prototype

Redesign PCM Research and Selection

PCM Reorientation

Mechanical Validation Testing Rig Setup

Results

Human Testing Purpose

Procedure

Results

Conclusion

Page 3: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

CREATEC CONSULTING LLC

Sponsor Advisors: Hans

Almqvist, Mike Brookman

Focused on designing

personal safety equipment

for firefighters, industrial

workers, first responders

Main customers are local and

federal government

Successful designs include

S.C.U.B.A. devices, hazmat

suits, SCBA faceplates

Hoping that CoolPac can be

the next big success

Page 4: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

STATEMENT OF NEED

50% of firefighter deaths are field

accident related

Other 50% caused by heat

stress/stroke

Protective suits negate ability to

thermoregulate

Heat stress caused by endemic heat

Perspiration is ineffective in cooling

inside firefighting suit

A 2-3˚C increase in body

temperature has serious

consequences

Long and Short term

Page 5: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

COOLPAC PROTOTYPE

Worn under suit on active duty

Components

Sleeve materials

Phase-change material (PCM)

Fastening device

Human Thermoregulation

Increased blood flow to appendages

Heat flow by conduction (Tsleeve < Tbody)

• PCM Melting Point ~ 28˚C

• Shallow blood vessels in arms

o Better than Alternatives • Current Options are cumbersome,

inefficient, or both

• Works while in the field

Normal Conditions Stressed Conditions

Page 6: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

April 18, 2011

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University of Connecticut

OUTLINE

About Createc

Statement of Need

The Prototype

Redesign PCM Research and Selection

PCM Reorientation

Mechanical Validation Testing Rig Setup

Results

Human Testing Purpose

Procedure

Results

Conclusion

Page 7: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

REDESIGN

Comfort/Durability

PCM Research & Selection

PCM Alignment

Maximize PCM surface area

Original prototype consists of 2x3” blocks of PCM

Re-design changed PCM to longer rectangular strips

Fastening

Easy to put on and take off

Compression sleeve allows for easy, comfortable

fastening

Page 8: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

PCM RESEARCH & SELECTION Company

TST Sweden

PCM Energy P.

Ltd

First Line Technology

First Line Technology

PCP Australia

Product: Comfort Cooling

Latest 29T PhaseCore

28 PhaseCore

32 PC29

Working range (°C):

25-32 18-38 18-38 20-40 24-34

Phase change activation temperature (ºC):

28 29 28 32 29

Maximum temperature (ºC):

N/A 100 60 60 N/A

Storage capacity (W·h/kg):

N/A N/A 55 74 55

Latent heat of fusion (W·h/kg):

35 52 35 54 52

Specific Heat (W·h/kg/°C):

1.0 0.56 1.0 1.0 0.64

Specific gravity: N/A 1.49 1.45 1.45 1.58

Thermal conductivity (W/m/°C):

N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1

Page 9: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

REDESIGN SCHEMATIC

Note: All dimensions in centimeters

Page 10: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Nomex (outer Layer)

Thermal Conductivity: 0.13 W/mK

Fire Retardant

Meets National Fire Protection

Association (NFPA) article of

clothing standards

Compression sleeve

Cotton (skin-contact layer)

Comfortable

Non-abrasive

Nomex Sleeves

Page 11: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

April 18, 2011

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University of Connecticut

OUTLINE

About Createc

The Prototype

Statement of Need

Redesign PCM Research and Selection

PCM Reorientation

Mechanical Validation Testing Rig Setup

Results

Human Testing Purpose

Procedure

Results

Conclusion

Page 12: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

MECHANICAL TESTING

Purpose

Simulate human arm heat transfer

Measure the heat absorbed by the PCM

No human subjects involved

Provides sponsor with proof of concept data

Reasoning

Inexpensive

Provides repeatable data

All variables are completely controllable

Contrary to human testing

Alerts team members to potential issues prior to

human testing

Page 13: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

TESTING SETUP

1. Polycarbonate Tubing

2. Fisher Scientific Isotherm 20065 Tank

3. Needle Valve

4. Digital Thermometers (2)

5. CoolPac Prototypes/PCM packets

6. Plastic Tubing

7. Rubber Coupling

8. PVC Connectors

9. Labview (not pictured)

Page 14: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

SETUP & SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications

Pipe Properties:

Length: 2 ft

Thermal Conductivity:

0.22 W/mK

Blood Flow Rate:

At rest: 0.21 L/min

During exercise: 4.9 L/min

Other Properties

Flow Rate Temp. : 37˚C

Thermal conductivity

(skin): 0.37 W/mK

1

2

3

4

1. Polycarbonate Tubing

2. Isotherm Tank

3. Flow Regulator (Needle Valve)

4. Thermometer (inlet)

Page 15: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

RESULTS

ΔTNo PCM = 2.33 ˚C

ΔTPCM = 1.47 ˚C

y = 5E-05x + 35.469

y = 8E-05x + 38.332

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

Te

mp

era

ture (

˚C)

Time (minutes)

PCM Benefit Comparison

PCM

No PCM

0 1 2 3 4

Page 16: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

OUTLINE

About Createc

The Prototype

Statement of Need

Redesign PCM Research and Selection

PCM Reorientation

Mechanical Validation Testing Rig Setup

Results

Human Testing Purpose

Procedure

Results

Conclusion

Page 17: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

HUMAN TESTING

Validation testing in controlled environment

Provide sponsor with proof of concept

Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU)

Human Performance Lab

Have necessary exercise equipment

Certified professional staff on hand

Safety Concerns

Testing inherently introduces risk of heat stress

Participants monitored closely

Testing stopped as necessary to prevent injury

Page 18: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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PROTOCOL Application of core body

temperature and heart rate sensors

3 cycles of work on treadmill

Walking at 4 mph

5˚ Incline

20 min active

10 min rest between cycles

4 subjects for initial testing

Each subject completes testing with and without CoolPac

First round of testing

2 subjects start as a control

2 subjects start wearing CoolPacs

Nedim performing testing

Page 19: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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DATA ACQUISITION VitalSense Integrated

Physiological Monitor

System Hub Activates sensors

Tracks and records sensor data

Serves as computer interface

Ingestible Capsule Size of a standard vitamin

Data transmissions every 15 seconds

Accurate to ±0.10˚C

Disposable, passed in 1-5 days

Heart rate monitor

Standard chest strap

Wrist monitor, computer readout

Page 20: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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RESULTS

Subject 1: 0.37˚C benefit from sleeve

Subject 2: 0.31˚C benefit from sleeve

Other subject experienced almost 1.00˚C benefit

37.20

37.40

37.60

37.80

38.00

38.20

38.40

38.60

38.80

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81

Te

mp

era

ture

(˚C

)

Time (minutes)

Subject 1: Nedim

Sleeves Off

Sleeves On

36.60

36.70

36.80

36.90

37.00

37.10

37.20

37.30

37.40

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81

Te

mp

era

ture

(˚C

)

Time (minutes)

Subject 2: Sean

Sleeves Off

Sleeves On

Page 21: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

SUMMARY

New CoolPac Sleeve Designed

Improved several aspects of original prototype

Mechanical testing

Good results

Human Testing

Worked with SCSU

Good results, recommend further testing

Clear benefit demonstrated from CoolPac Sleeve

Page 22: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Hans Almqvist

Mike Brookman

Dr. Enderle

Dr. Thomas Barber

Dr. Yen Lin Han

Dr. Joan Finn

Dr. Robert Axtell

Thomas Mealy

Max Cutler

Page 23: COOLPAC: COOLING SLEEVE FOR FIREFIGHTERS 4910 Final... · N/A 1.0 0.5-0.7 0.5- 0.7 0.5-1.1 . April 18, 2011 9 University of Connecticut REDESIGN SCHEMATIC Note: All dimensions in

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University of Connecticut

QUESTIONS?