converter redundancy

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UNITROL®

SYNCHROTACT®Redundante Regelungssysteme für grosse Synchronmaschinen

ABB Schweiz AG

Dr. Rudolf Wieser

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Inhalt Redundante Regelungssysteme

Anforderungen und Funktionen

Redundanzlösungen

FunktionseinheitenRegelungselektronik

Stromrichter

Schutz

Ausblick

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Excitation System Function

Startup

Control

Protection

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Operation within Capability Area

reactive power Qδ

0-1 1

capacitive generator current limiter inducitive generator current limiter

maximum turbine power

maximum fieldcurrent limiter

region of underexcitation region of overexcitation

active Power

minimum fieldcurrent limiter

reactive power(P/Q) limiter

-1Xq

-1Xd

U -1Xi

act2

IfL

IGNϕ

IfN

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Operation within Capability Area

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Application Requirements Excitation Systems

IEN [A]

UT20 [V]

500

1000

1500

450 750 3600 1000060002000120030015050

n=1, 1+1

n=1, 1+1

n=1+1...n=4-2

N-1

, n-2

; n =

3...

8

From AVR to Static Excitation Systems

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Control & Converter Units

Compact Converter and Control unit

Single Configuration

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Redundant Configuration

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Triple Redundant Configuration

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UNITROL 6080 System

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UNITROL 6080 System

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Multiple Converter Control

TWIN Converter

N-1 redundant Converter

Single and Dual Redundant Control Configuration

Con

verte

r UN

L143

6x 4

“ n 2

...8

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N-1 Redundant Converter

Triple Redundant Control Configuration

Backup Field CurrentRegulator (BFCR)

Independent Protection Functions

Con

verte

r UN

L143

6x 4

“ n 2

...8

Multiple Converter Control

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UNITROL 6000 Static Excitation System

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Converter Redundancy

ControllerControl channel is connected to redundant converters

All control connections by 10Mbit fiber optical links

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronicsconverter

converterinterface


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Controller & Converter Redundancy

Redundant ControllerControl channel is non-exclusively allocated to redundant converters


AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converter

converterinterface


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Redundant ControllerControl channel is non-exclusively allocated to redundant converter s


AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converter

BACKUPchannel

converterinterface


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AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converter

converterinterface



Redundant ConverterConverter interface electronics

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Redundant ConverterCurrent distribution control

Individual Thyristor redundancy

Redundant cooling fan

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

converterinterface

electronics

converter

converter

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ONE Thyristor fail ⇒ Still fulfil full load and field forcingTWO Thyristors fail (but not in the same branch) ⇒ still fulfil full load and field forcingTWO Thyristors fail (in same branch) ⇒ TRIP!!!!! (or n-2 redundancy)

TR+

S+

T+

S

R+

S+

T+

R

R+

S+

T+

+-


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AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

BACKUPchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

converter

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Communication Redundancy

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

BACKUPchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

converter

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AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

BACKUPchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

converter


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AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

BACKUPchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

converter

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AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

AUTOMATICchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

BACKUPchannel

converterinterface

electronics

converter

converter

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Control Function Redundancy

AUTOMATICchannel

AUTOMATICchannel

BACKUPchannel

Controller supervisionTwo control devices

Supervised communication

Supervised analog circuits

Supervised auxiliary supply

Redundancy state machineAutomatic Control (voltage control)

Manual Control(field current control)

Required InterfacesControl

Protection

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1

Type T6S

AVR

FCR

UGIG

IF

Triple Channel Failure Sequence

2

n

AVR

FCR

UGIG

IF

IF BFCR

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Supply Redundancy

Double Redundant power supply (principle)for a control device

ICU = Input Coupling Unit PS = 24V Power Supply

APD = Auxiliary Power Distribution unit (electronic current limiting)

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Reliability Figures

Overall reliability chartConverter

Protection

Control

Power Supply

Device Communication (Links)

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Outlook

Plant Control Integration IEC61850 for Hydro- and Windpower

Wide Area Control SystemsLocal stabilization with PSS

Wide area monitoring (PMU)

Wide area stabilization

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2s

Ca 0.12p.u

Ca. 0.24p.u

P [W]

Ie [A]

without PSS

with PSS

Active power

Active power

Excitation current

Excitation current

Loss of 50% in transmission capacityXnet= 0.06 0.12 p.u

PSS output

Example II: 500 MVA GeneratorDamping of active power oscillations

converter redundancy

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