Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 1

Control and Measurement of

Underwater Ship Noise

Michael Bahtiarian

Vice President

Noise Control Engineering, LLC

Billerica, Massachusetts

GreenTech Conference May 28, 2015

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 2

Ships vs. Shipping Noise

Sound from a single ship • Engine • Propeller • Auxiliary Systems

Sound from all shipping • Cargo ships • Ferries • Tugs

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 3

Vessel Noise Control Summary

• Sources

• Paths of noise

• Analysis/modeling

• Treatments/materials

• Effectiveness

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 4

Vessel Noise Sources

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 5

• Airborne

• First Structureborne

• Secondary Structureborne

• U/W Radiated Noise

Vessel Noise Paths

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 6

Noise* Assessment Process (1) Identity appropriate noise requirement

(2) Vessel design from naval architects

(3) Noise modeling/analysis of baseline design

(4) Evaluate additional noise control treatments

(5) Prepare specification

(6) Construction

(7) Testing

*Process the same for airborne or underwater noise

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 7

Ship Noise Analysis Software:

Designer NOISE®

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 8

Noise Control Materials • Baseline Treatments:

– Fire, Thermal Insulation

– Joiner Panels

– Drop Ceilings

• Acoustical Treatments: – Vibration Isolation

– Acoustical Absorption

– Floating Floor/Room

– Damping

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 9

Acoustic Insulation

• Generally Consists of

Fiberglass/Lead/Fiberglass

w/ total thickness of 2 - 6”.

• Reduces airborne noise

excitation of hull.

• Primary noise control

treatment on most ships

with UWRN requirement

(other options available).

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 10

Vibration Isolation

Coil Spring Mount Enclosed Rubber (Marine) Mount

Plain Rubber Mount Shaped Rubber Mount

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 11

Damping

• Available as tile or spray-on

• Reduces vibration within structure it is attached to.

• Use on hull and foundations of major machinery.

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 12

Ship Noise 101

3-5 3-5 3-5 Misc. Treatments

0 0 5 HVAC Treatments

10 10 10 Bow Thruster Treatments

5-10 5-10 0 Damping

10 10 10 Floating Floors/Rooms

3-5 3-5 3-5 Acoustic Absorption

0 0 5-10 Acoustic Insulation

0 10-20 0 Vibration Isolation

SSB FSB AB Treatment

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 13

Underwater Radiated Noise

(UWRN) Summary

• Quantification

• Limits

• Measurements

• Design guidelines

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 14

How is UWRN Quantified?

Airborne

Sound

Underwater

Sound

Physical Quantity Measured Pressure Pressure

Term used for Sound Value Sound Pressure Level

Sound Pressure

Level

Reported Units decibel (dB) Decibel (dB)

dB reference value 20 μ Pa 1 μ Pa

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 15

Which is Louder? (Conversion of Airborne to Underwater Sound Levels)

SPLUnderwater = SPLAirborne + 62 dB

Air = 120 dB

Underwater = 190 dB Underwater = 182 dB

Air = 128 dB

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 16

Underwater Noise Limits • ICES/CRR-209, 1995

– Applies to fishery research &

fish stock assessment

– Vessel speeds through 11 knots

• DNV, Silent Class, 2010 – Various “notations” (grades)

– Notations depend on operation

and speed.

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 17

Measurement Standards

• ANSI/ASA S12.64: Est. 2009, first standard for UWRN

• ISO 17208-1: Precision method for deep water, (final

approval by 2015)

• ISO 16554-1: Survey method for deep water, (project

completion uncertain)

• ISO 17208-2: Precision method for shallow water, (est.

completed by 2017-2018)

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 18

General Methodology

Graphics from ANSI/ASA S12.64-2009 (used with permission)

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 19

General Methodology

Graphics from ANSI/ASA S12.64-2009 (used with permission)

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 20

AUTEC, Andros Island

San Clement Island San Diego, CA

SEAFAC Ketchikan, AK Dabob Bay

Seattle, WA

DRDC, Canadian Navy

Halifax, NS

U.S. Facilities for UWRN Meas.

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 21

How Measured the old way

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 22

BAMS™:

Buoy Acoustic Monitoring System

For Measurement of Underwater Noise from Ships

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 23

UWRN Design Guidance

• SNAME T&R Bulletin, 3-37, “Design Guide for Shipboard Airborne Noise Control”, 1983 (Supl. 2000).

• JIP/OGP Report, “Review of Existing and Future Potential Treatments for Reducing Underwater Sound from Oil and Gas Industry Activities”, 2007.

• SNAME T&R Bulletin, 6-2, MVEP GM-1, “Ocean Health and Aquatic Life – Underwater Noise”, 2014.

• BOEM Report 2014-061, “Quieting Technologies for Reducing Noise from Seismic Surveying and Pile Driving Workshop”, 2014.

• Pending IMO Guide, “Guidelines for the Reduction of Underwater Noise from Commercial Shipping” (estimated issued by 2016).

Noise Control Engineering, LLC.

Engineering Solutions to Acoustic Problems

Noise Control Engineering, LLC., 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821

Phone: 978-670-5339 Fax: 978-667-7047 nonoise@noise-control.com 24

Questions NCE Contact Information:

Michael Bahtiarian, INCE Bd. Cert.

Vice President

978-670-5339

mikeb@noise-control.com

www.noise-control.com R/V Sikuliaq: U.S. first quiet ice breaking

research vessel