continuous systematic innovation with ideation triz

Design for InnovationDesign for Innovation Embedding best practice discipline in business

Technology Innovation Management

Continuous Systematic Innovation with Ideation

TRIZ (I-TRIZ)

Design for Innovation Ltd, 2009 1

We help companies achieve better results by making better decisions

http://www.designforinnovation.com/



ExamplesExamples of Benefits from TRIZof Benefits from TRIZ

New product development New product development Product enhancement and extension Product enhancement and extension Defect resolution and prevention Defect resolution and prevention Production process improvement Production process improvement Strategic product and technology research Strategic product and technology research Market barrier elimination Market barrier elimination Intellectual property protection Intellectual property protection



ExamplesExamples of Organizations Using TRIZ of Organizations Using TRIZ

Leading manufacturers across the Global 2,000 and Leading manufacturers across the Global 2,000 and spanning numerous industries including: spanning numerous industries including:

Automotive Automotive Aerospace and defense Aerospace and defense Petrochemical Petrochemical Consumer product goods Consumer product goods Consumer electronics Consumer electronics High tech High tech Pharmaceutical/Life sciences Pharmaceutical/Life sciences Industrial manufacturing Industrial manufacturing





OPERATORS

THINKING ANALOGICALLYTHINKING ANALOGICALLYWITH TRIZ (WITHOUT AN EGO)WITH TRIZ (WITHOUT AN EGO)

MY PROBLEM

THE WORLD’S PROBLEMS

THE WORLD’S SOLUTIONS

MY SOLUTION

PATTERNS OF INVENTIONPATTERNS OF INVENTION




Processing Sweet PeppersProcessing Sweet Peppers

PATTERNS OF INVENTIONPATTERNS OF INVENTIONI HAVE TO REMOVE CORES FROM A MILLION GREEN PEPPERS….




WHAT IS THE OPERATOR?WHAT IS THE OPERATOR?(PATTERN OF INVENTION)(PATTERN OF INVENTION)

““Slowly raise pressure and suddenly reduce Slowly raise pressure and suddenly reduce itit”” OR OR ““accumulate energy and release itaccumulate energy and release it””

A path to a solutionA path to a solutionAn approach to solving a problemAn approach to solving a problemA direction towards an answerA direction towards an answer



Pattern of Invention Pattern of Invention –– ExampleExample

Coring bell peppers

Shelling sunflower seeds

Unpacking parts

Cleaning filters

Splitting diamonds

I-TRIZ Operator: Slowly increase then abruptly drop pressure Design for Innovation Ltd, 2009 8




•• Removing stems from bell peppersRemoving stems from bell peppers•• Removing shells form sunflower seedsRemoving shells form sunflower seeds•• Cleaning filtersCleaning filters•• Unpacking parts wrapped in protective paperUnpacking parts wrapped in protective paper•• Producing sugar powder from sugar crystalsProducing sugar powder from sugar crystals•• Explosive depulpingExplosive depulping•• Splitting diamonds along microSplitting diamonds along micro--cracks cracks

(+27 years after pepper patent)(+27 years after pepper patent)

PATTERNS OF INVENTIONPATTERNS OF INVENTION



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ToCorresponding

Solutions

ManyTypical

Problems

Many TypicalRecommendations

forSolutions

(Knowledge base)

A large number of typical problems are available for consideration.These operators help to narrow the search to a manageable range of typical problemsFor each typical problem, there are one or more potential solutions

Prism ofAnalytical

tools

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ToCorresponding

Solutions

ManyTypical

Problems

Many TypicalRecommendations

forSolutions

(Knowledge base)

A large number of typical problems are available for consideration.These operators help to narrow the search to a manageable range of typical problemsFor each typical problem, there are one or more potential solutions

Prism ofAnalytical

tools





3,000,000

40,000

Key Findings•Definition of inventive problems•Levels of invention•Patterns of evolution•Patterns of invention

Patents (Worldwide)

3,000,000

40,000



Patents (Worldwide)

TOOLS BASED ON PATTERNS IN TOOLS BASED ON PATTERNS IN THE PATENT DATABASE THE PATENT DATABASE




Ideation / TRIZ Methodologies AvailableIdeation / TRIZ Methodologies AvailableFourFour Key FindingsKey Findings

Definition of the Inventive ProblemDefinition of the Inventive Problem Levels of InventionsLevels of Inventions Patterns of InventionsPatterns of Inventions Patterns of EvolutionPatterns of Evolution

ThreeThree Main PremisesMain Premises IdealityIdeality ContradictionsContradictions System ApproachSystem Approach

FourFour Analytical ToolsAnalytical Tools Innovation Situation

Questionnaire (ISQ)® Problem Formulator® Algorithm for Inventive

Problem-Solving (ARIZ) Substance-Field Analysis (Su-

Field)

SevenSeven KnowledgeKnowledge--Based Based ToolsTools Pattern/Lines of Evolution 40 Innovation Principles & 40 Innovation Principles &

Contradiction TableContradiction Table Separation PrinciplesSeparation Principles 76 Standard Solutions76 Standard Solutions EffectsEffects System of Operators Selected Innovation ExamplesSelected Innovation Examples

Four Main ApplicationsFour Main Applications Inventive Problem Solving

(IPS) Anticipatory Failure

Determination (AFD)® Directed Evolution (DE)® Control of Intellectual

Property




Why the Ideation Process is Different:Why the Ideation Process is Different:Enhancing Decision Making Process via Accelerating Idea Enhancing Decision Making Process via Accelerating Idea

Generation ProcessGeneration Process

StartingPoint

PracticalDeadline

An EXHAUSTIVESet of Options

ForcedDecision Point

Number of Options Required

to Make a Reasonable

Decision

PossibleOptions

Time

ConfidentDecision PointRapid

Development of Practical Knowledge

ConfidentDecision PointRapid

Development of Practical Knowledge




Ring Containment Problem Definition Ring Containment Problem Definition –– an Ian I--TRIZ ExampleTRIZ Example



An IAn I--TRIZ Example: Ring ContainmentTRIZ Example: Ring ContainmentThe containment ring is part of a fan used in an The containment ring is part of a fan used in an

aircraft air conditioning system. This ring is aircraft air conditioning system. This ring is designed to hold fragments of the fan in case designed to hold fragments of the fan in case the fan should burst. The ring must be strong the fan should burst. The ring must be strong and, as a result, is thick and heavy.and, as a result, is thick and heavy.

The problem is to reduce the weight of the The problem is to reduce the weight of the containment ring. However, reducing the ring's containment ring. However, reducing the ring's weight reduces its strength to an unacceptable weight reduces its strength to an unacceptable degree.degree.





Problem SituationProblem Situation The high rotational speed of the fan creates centrifugal forces The high rotational speed of the fan creates centrifugal forces

that can cause the fan to break. Should this occur, the fan that can cause the fan to break. Should this occur, the fan fragments (some of which may be relatively large) are propelled fragments (some of which may be relatively large) are propelled away at high speed. These fragments can destroy surrounding away at high speed. These fragments can destroy surrounding equipment and injure anyone nearby.equipment and injure anyone nearby.

Primary Useful Function: The Primary Useful Function of the The Primary Useful Function of the containment ring is to prevent the fragments produced by an containment ring is to prevent the fragments produced by an impeller burst from flying away.impeller burst from flying away.

Drawback: A thin containment ring is light, A thin containment ring is light, but cannot stop the flying fragments. A thick but cannot stop the flying fragments. A thick containment ring prevents fragments of the containment ring prevents fragments of the fan from flying away, but is also heavy.fan from flying away, but is also heavy.




A flow chart is made linking everything in the system to the “Primary Useful Function” and the “Primary Harmful Function”.

Secondary functions are included, going to the level of detail required by the particular need that created the project.

The links between nodes in the flow chart represent causal relationships.

The output is a comprehensive set of problem statements defining the problem space.

I-TRIZ Problem Formulation Blueprint




I-TRIZ Problem Formulation Blueprint




Useful FunctionUseful Function

Has useful output (although it may also have Has useful output (although it may also have harmful output as well)harmful output as well)

Is a useful resultIs a useful result

UsefulFunction




Harmful FunctionHarmful FunctionHarmfulFunction

Leads to a harmful result. No useful results are Leads to a harmful result. No useful results are produced. produced.

A harmful result because it hinders some useful A harmful result because it hinders some useful function.function.




LinksLinks

FunctionA

FunctionB

Makes good happen

Makes bad happen

Stops good from happening

Stops bad from happening

Links describe the relationship between functions.

Produce

Link

Produce

Counteract

Counteract



Formulate Problem & Generate Formulate Problem & Generate ““Directions of InnovationDirections of Innovation””

1. Find an alternative way to obtain Fan rotates quickly that offers the following: provides or enhances Fan moves air does not cause Centrifugal forces pull parts of impeller and High energy of fragments. 2. Resolve the contradiction: Fan rotates quickly should be provided to produce Fan moves air and shouldn't be provided to avoid Centrifugal forces pull parts of impeller and High energy of fragments. 3. Find an alternative way to obtain Fan moves air that does not require Fan rotates quickly. 4. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Centrifugal forces pull parts of impeller in order to avoid Impeller burst under the conditions of Fan rotates quickly. 5. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent High energy of fragments in order to avoid Damage to the aircraft under the conditions of Fan rotates quickly. 6. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Damage to the aircraft under the conditions of High energy of fragments. 7. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Impeller burst in order to avoid Fragments flying away under the conditions of Centrifugal forces pull parts of impeller and Impeller's material is not strong enough. 8. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Fragments flying away under the conditions of Impeller burst. 9. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Impeller's material is not strong enough in order to avoid Impeller burst under the conditions of Material defects. 10. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Material defects in order to avoid Impeller's material is not strong enough. 11. Find an alternative way to obtain High mechanical strength that offers the following: provides or enhances Ring contains fragments does not require Ring is thick. 12. Find an alternative way to obtain Ring contains fragments that offers the following: eliminates, reduces, or prevents Fragments flying away does not require High mechanical strength. 13. Find an alternative way to obtain Ring is thick that offers the following: provides or enhances High mechanical strength does not cause Ring is heavy. 14. Resolve the contradiction: Ring is thick should be provided to produce High mechanical strength and shouldn't be provided to avoid Ring is heavy. 15. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Ring is heavy under the conditions of Ring is thick. 16. Find an alternative way to obtain Test convenience that is not influenced by Ring is heavy. 22




Identify Key Problems to Solve / Identify Key Problems to Solve / Improve / EliminateImprove / Eliminate

Note that this problem contains two Note that this problem contains two contradictions, making it difficult to solve:contradictions, making it difficult to solve:

1.1. The high rotational speed of the fan The high rotational speed of the fan provides air movement, provides air movement, but also causes also causes the centrifugal forces that pull apart the the centrifugal forces that pull apart the impeller. impeller.

2.2. The thickness of the ring provides the The thickness of the ring provides the ringring’’s strength, s strength, but also results in the ring also results in the ring being heavy. being heavy.




II--TRIZ Problem FormulatorTRIZ Problem Formulator The IThe I--TRIZ TRIZ Problem FormulatorProblem Formulator™™ automatically creates automatically creates Directions of

Innovation from the model, among which are included the following:from the model, among which are included the following:

1.1. Find a way to eliminate, reduce or prevent the Find a way to eliminate, reduce or prevent the (Ring is very heavy), under , under the condition of the the condition of the (Ring is very thick).

2.2. Find an alternative way to obtain the Find an alternative way to obtain the (Ring is very thick), that provides or , that provides or enhances the (Ring is very strong), and does not cause the enhances the (Ring is very strong), and does not cause the (Ring is very heavy)..

3.3. Find an alternative way to obtain the Find an alternative way to obtain the (Ring is very strong), that provides or , that provides or enhances the enhances the (Ring holds fragments), and does not require the , and does not require the (Ring is very thick)..

4.4. Find a way to eliminate, reduce or prevent the Find a way to eliminate, reduce or prevent the (Impeller bursts), under the , under the condition of the condition of the (Centrifugal forces pull impeller parts) and and (Material not strong enough)..

5.5. Find an alternative way to obtain the Find an alternative way to obtain the (Fan moves air), that provides or , that provides or enhances the enhances the (Air conditioning inside aircraft), and does not require the , and does not require the (Fan rotates quickly). .




Prioritize Directions for InnovationPrioritize Directions for Innovation

The above The above Directions are divided into are divided into three categories:three categories:

Category 1 –– Directions important for Directions important for solving the problemsolving the problem

Category 2 –– Directions important for Directions important for improving the systemimproving the system

Category 3 –– Directions too general to Directions too general to be consideredbe considered




Category 1Category 1 –– Directions important for Directions important for solving the problemsolving the problem

These Directions are directly related to resolving These Directions are directly related to resolving the main problem: reducing the weight of the the main problem: reducing the weight of the containment ring: containment ring:

1.1. Find a way to eliminate, reduce or prevent the Find a way to eliminate, reduce or prevent the (Ring is very heavy), under the condition of the , under the condition of the (Ring is very thick)..

2.2. Find an alternative way to obtain the Find an alternative way to obtain the (Ring is very thick), that , that provides or enhances the provides or enhances the (Ring is very strong), and does not , and does not cause the cause the (Ring is very heavy)..

3.3. Find an alternative way to obtain the Find an alternative way to obtain the (Ring is very strong), that , that provides or enhances the provides or enhances the (Ring holds fragments), and does not , and does not require the require the (Ring is very thick). .




Category 2Category 2 –– Directions important for Directions important for improving the systemimproving the system

This Direction is not directly related to reducing the This Direction is not directly related to reducing the weight of the containment ring. weight of the containment ring.

However, it would result in improving the system to However, it would result in improving the system to the extent that the containment ring becomes the extent that the containment ring becomes unnecessaryunnecessary——and a containment ring that is not and a containment ring that is not present weighs nothing. present weighs nothing.

Thus, improving the system can indirectly resolve Thus, improving the system can indirectly resolve the problem:the problem:

4.4. Find a way to eliminate, reduce or prevent the Find a way to eliminate, reduce or prevent the (Impeller bursts), , under the condition of the under the condition of the (Centrifugal forces pull impeller parts)and and (Material not strong enough). .




Category 3Category 3 –– Directions too general Directions too general to be consideredto be considered

This Direction pertains to completely substituting This Direction pertains to completely substituting the entire system (i.e., the rotating fan) with a the entire system (i.e., the rotating fan) with a system based on some other principle of operation. system based on some other principle of operation.

Such a Direction is not of interest to a company that Such a Direction is not of interest to a company that produces fans, and thus it is considered "out of produces fans, and thus it is considered "out of scope" in terms of solving the problem of reducing scope" in terms of solving the problem of reducing the weight of the containment ring:the weight of the containment ring:

5.5. Find an alternative way to obtain the Find an alternative way to obtain the (Fan moves air), that , that provides or enhances the provides or enhances the (Air conditioning inside aircraft), and , and does not require the does not require the (Fan rotates quickly). .



The following The following Direction is Direction is considered:considered:

1.1. Find a way to Find a way to eliminate, eliminate, reduce or reduce or prevent the prevent the (Ring is very heavy), under , under the condition the condition of the of the (Ring is very thick). .

Two operators Two operators are selected are selected to address this to address this Direction:Direction:

Generating IdeasGenerating Ideas

29

Op #1Op #1

Op #2Op #2




Operator: "Abandon Symmetry"Operator: "Abandon Symmetry" Recommendation: If an object is If an object is

symmetrical, consider reducing its symmetrical, consider reducing its weight by abandoning the weight by abandoning the symmetry. Consider, for example, symmetry. Consider, for example, excluding a part of the object that excluding a part of the object that does not bear the main load.does not bear the main load.

Illustration: Designing asymmetrical mounts

For aesthetic reasons, motor and For aesthetic reasons, motor and generator mounts are often generator mounts are often designed with symmetrical designed with symmetrical shapes. But because the shapes. But because the machines rotate, the load on the machines rotate, the load on the mounts is actually asymmetrical. mounts is actually asymmetrical. To reduce the weight and To reduce the weight and conserve material, mounts for conserve material, mounts for nonnon--reversible units should be reversible units should be designed to support only the loads designed to support only the loads they must actually bear.they must actually bear.

Ideas Generated: Vary the thickness of the ring, reducing the thickness where permissible.

Op #1Op #1



Operator: "Strengthen Individual Parts"Operator: "Strengthen Individual Parts" Recommendation: Consider strengthening those parts that bear Consider strengthening those parts that bear

the main load, and also reducing the weight of the parts that dothe main load, and also reducing the weight of the parts that donot bear the main load.not bear the main load.

Illustration: Pump housing made of standard pipe The housing of a high pressure pump, made from a steel casting, The housing of a high pressure pump, made from a steel casting,

was complicated in shape. Since cavities and uneven surfaces was complicated in shape. Since cavities and uneven surfaces were frequently found in the casting (necessitating repairs madewere frequently found in the casting (necessitating repairs madeby welding), a very thick, heavy casting was used.by welding), a very thick, heavy casting was used.

The defects were eliminated, and the weight reduced by nearly The defects were eliminated, and the weight reduced by nearly half, when the housing was fabricated by welding several pieces half, when the housing was fabricated by welding several pieces together. Hightogether. High--strength rolled pipe was used for the section that strength rolled pipe was used for the section that was required to withstand the greatest pressure.was required to withstand the greatest pressure.

Ideas Generated:• Make a multi-layer ring • Add "ribs" to a thin ring 31

Op #2Op #2




Develop the ConceptsDevelop the Concepts From the above ideas, the following concepts are From the above ideas, the following concepts are

developed:developed: Concept #1: Make the ring thin, but composed of Make the ring thin, but composed of

several circular ribs. These ribs can significantly several circular ribs. These ribs can significantly increase the strength of the ring with a less increase the strength of the ring with a less significant increase in mass.significant increase in mass.



Develop the ConceptsDevelop the Concepts Concept #2: Make a multiMake a multi--layer ring as layer ring as

described by the following: described by the following: Internal layer Internal layer made of a thin steel ringmade of a thin steel ring Intermediate layer Intermediate layer to absorb the energy of to absorb the energy of

the fragments, made of:the fragments, made of: radial brush radial brush balls balls honeycomb honeycomb

External layer External layer to hold the to hold the fragments, made of:fragments, made of:

steel pipe steel pipe coil coil textile or wire needles textile or wire needles




Evaluate ResultsEvaluate Results Concept #1 requires the following for implementation:requires the following for implementation:

calculations of strength and weight calculations of strength and weight redesign of one part (the ring itself) redesign of one part (the ring itself) additional manufacturing operations (making the ribs)additional manufacturing operations (making the ribs)

All resources for producing such a ring exist.All resources for producing such a ring exist.



Evaluate ResultsEvaluate Results Concept #2 requires the following for implementation:requires the following for implementation:

research to determine what type of intermediate layer is best research to determine what type of intermediate layer is best calculations of strength and mass calculations of strength and mass redesign of the containment ring as an assembly unit redesign of the containment ring as an assembly unit changes in the materials used changes in the materials used changes in the manufacturing process changes in the manufacturing process testing of the new design testing of the new design

As it happens, all materials suggested for this design As it happens, all materials suggested for this design are already used in the manufacturing processes of are already used in the manufacturing processes of producing the aircraft; thus, all the required resources producing the aircraft; thus, all the required resources exist.exist.



Evaluation SummaryEvaluation Summary

A comparison of these two concepts A comparison of these two concepts shows that:shows that:Concept # 1 is easier to implement quickly; is easier to implement quickly;

however, it achieves a limited reduction in however, it achieves a limited reduction in mass. mass.

Concept # 2 promises a more significant promises a more significant reduction in mass, but requires more time for reduction in mass, but requires more time for implementation. implementation.


Implementation Plans for Concept #1 & #2Implementation Plans for Concept #1 & #2Concept # 1 calculate strength and mass of thin ring calculate strength and mass of thin ring

with ribswith ribs create design of ring with optimal create design of ring with optimal

strength and mass strength and mass produce rings with new design for testing produce rings with new design for testing test rings with ribs test rings with ribs correct design according to results of test correct design according to results of test correct manufacturing process for correct manufacturing process for

producing rings with new design producing rings with new design start producing rings with ribsstart producing rings with ribs

Concept # 2 test strength of several types of test strength of several types of

intermediate layersintermediate layers calculate several variants of intermediate calculate several variants of intermediate

layerslayers create designs of ring with different create designs of ring with different

intermediate layersintermediate layers produce rings with different intermediate produce rings with different intermediate

layers layers test ringstest rings correct design according to results of test correct design according to results of test correct design according to requirements correct design according to requirements

of mass production of mass production create manufacturing process for mass create manufacturing process for mass

production of multiproduction of multi--layer containment ring layer containment ring produce rings for testing produce rings for testing test rings test rings correct design according to results of correct design according to results of

tests tests correct manufacturing process correct manufacturing process start producing multistart producing multi--layer ringslayer rings

37


Problem which can appear during Problem which can appear during the implementation of the implementation of Concept #1:Additional manufacturing operations (for Additional manufacturing operations (for

example, machining ribs from thick pipe or example, machining ribs from thick pipe or stamping and welding ribs onto thin pipe) stamping and welding ribs onto thin pipe) increases labor and cost.increases labor and cost.

This is a typical This is a typical secondary problemsecondary problem; ; Operators from the group "Reducing cost" Operators from the group "Reducing cost" can help to solve this problem.can help to solve this problem.


Examples of I-TRIZ Repeat Customers

39

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