Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Consumer Behaviour

Consumer behavior is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.

Consumer Behavior is a branch which deals with the various stages a consumer goes through before purchasing products or services for his end use.

It blends elements from psychology, sociology, social anthropology, marketing and economics. It attempts to understand the decision-making processes of buyers, both individually and in groups such as how emotions affect buying behavior. It studies characteristics of individual consumers such as demographics and behavioral variables in an attempt to understand people's wants. It also tries to assess influences on the consumer from groups such as family, friends, sports, reference groups, and society in general.

Customer behavior study is based on consumer buying behavior, with the customer playing the three distinct roles of user, payer and buyer. Research has shown that consumer behavior is difficult to predict, even for experts in the field.  Marketing is an influential asset for customer behavior analysis as it has a keen interest in the re-discovery of the true meaning of marketing through the re-affirmation of the importance of the customer or buyer. A greater importance is also placed on consumer retention, customer relationship management, personalization, customization and one-to-one marketing. Social functions can be categorized into social choice and welfare functions.

Online shoppingOnline shopping (sometimes known as e-tail from "electronic retail" or e-shopping) is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names are: e-web-store, e-shop, e-store, Internet shop, web-shop, web-store, online store, online storefront and virtual store. Mobile commerce (or m-commerce) describes purchasing from an online retailer's mobile optimized online site or app.

An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-mortar retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the process is called business-to-business (B2B) online shopping. The largest of these online retailing corporations are Alibaba, Amazon.com, and eBay.

Chapter 2

Summary of Articles

Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce August 2008, vol. 13, no.2 Sujana Adapa

The current research paper examines the adoption of internet shopping patterns exhibited by Indian women currently residing in India and Australia emphasizing on the prevailing cultural dimensions. A conceptual framework has been developed based on the theoretical background which links intention to shop over internet and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions to adoption of internet shopping. In order to test the stated hypotheses, the proposed relationships between the variables were empirically verified. A web based survey was employed by using online questionnaire as a research instrument and the respondents were approached by posting the questionnaire to various newsgroups. The results of the study reveal that intention of internet shopping as measured with the perceived attributes significantly influences the actual adoption of internet shopping. With regard to the prevailing cultural dimensions in the country of origin (India), the results obtained are as expected and significantly influence the internet purchases. Where as with regard to the

prevailing cultural dimensions in the country of residence (Australia), most of the results obtained are as predicted except for the dimension masculinity versus femininity. The results obtained are promising for internet

CONSUMER’S PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINESHOPPING- THE CASE OF PUNJABInternational Journal of Management & Information TechnologyVolume 1, No 1, May, 2012Kanwal Gurleen

India has more than 100 million internet users out of which one half opt for online purchases and the number is rising sharply every year. The growth in the number of online shoppers is greater than the growth in Internet users, indicating that more Internet users are becoming comfortable to shop online. The capability of purchasing without leaving your place is of great interest to many consumers. Not only does online shopping offer really good deals, but also brings optimum convenience to the consumers. Moreover, the use of Internet tools for price searching and comparison provides an additional advantage in consumers’ final decision, as they can purchase their desired products in the lowest available price. This paper focuses on the understanding of demographic profiles of adopters and non-adopters of online shopping. For this purpose the data from 400 respondents was collected in the form of questionnaires. The study has been conducted in 3 cities of Punjab, a sample of urban respondents were selected from the Jalandhar, Ludhiana and Amritsar The paper also analyses the various reasons for adoption and non-adoption ofonline shopping.

Effect of shopper attributes on retail format choice behaviour for food and grocery retailing in IndiaInternational Journal of Retail & Distribution ManagementVol. 39 No. 1, 2011Cherukuri Jayasankara PrasadAnkisetti Ramachandra Aryasri

Purpose – Retailing in India is an unchartered territory. Food and grocery is the most promising area for setting up retail business in India. An understanding of shopper retail format choice behaviour will enable retailers to segment their market and target specific consumer groups with strategies premeditated to meet their retail needs. The purpose of this paper is to make a detailed study on the effect of shoppers’ demographic, geographic and psychographic dimensions in terms of format choice behaviour in the fast growing Indian food and grocery retailing.Design/methodology/approach – Descriptive research design is adopted applying mall intercept survey method using structured questionnaire for data collection. Both descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical tools like x 2, factor analysis and multivariate analysis are used to analyse the data collected from 1,040 food and grocery retail

customers from upgraded neighbourhood kirana stores, convenience stores, supermarkets and hypermarkets in conjoint cities of Secunderabad and Hyderabad in Andhra Pradesh in India. Findings – The findings suggest that shoppers’ age, gender, occupation, education, monthly household income, family size and distance travelled to store have significant association with retail format choice decisions. The choice decisions are also varied among shoppers’ demographic attributes. The findings from shoppers’ psychographic dimensions like values, lifestyle factors and shopping orientations resulted in segmentation of food and grocery retail consumers into hedonic, utilitarian, autonomous, conventional and socialization type. Practical implications – The study has practical implications for food and grocery retailers for better understanding the shopper behaviour in the context of changing consumer demographic and psychographic characteristics in an emerging Indian retail market. The findings may help the retailers to segment and target the food and grocery retail consumers and, as a consequence, to undertake more effective retail marketing strategies for competitive advantage. Originality/value – Given the absence of published academic literature and empirical findings relating to store format choice behaviour in food and grocery retailing in India, this study may serve as a departure point for future studies in this area of concern. The research is also relevant to retail marketers in terms of format development and reorientation of marketing strategies in the fastest growing Indian retail market.

Website characteristics, Trust and purchaseintention in online stores: - An Empirical studyin the Indian contextJournal of Information Science and TechnologyJIST 6(2) 2009Boudhayan GangulySatya Bhusan Dash

Lack of trust in online transactions has been cited, by past scholars, as the main reason for the abhorrence of online shopping. In this paper we proposed a model and provided empirical evidence on the impact of the website characteristics on trust in online transactions in Indian context. In the first phase, we identified and empirically verified the relative importance of the website factors that develop online trust in India. In the next phase, we have tested the mediator effect of trust in the relationship between the website factors and purchase intention (and perceived risk). The present study for the first time provided empirical evidence on the mediating role of trust in online shopping among Indian customers.

THE FORECASTING OF 3G MARKET IN INDIA BASED ON REVISED TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODELInternational Journal of Next-Generation Networks (IJNGN)Vol.2, No.2, June 2010Dr. Sudha SinghDr. D. K. SinghDr. M. K. SinghSujeet Kumar Singh

3G, processor of 2G services, is a family of standards for mobile telecommunications defined by the International Telecommunication Union [1]. 3G services include wide-area wireless voice telephone, video calls, and wireless data, all in a mobile environment. It allows simultaneous use of speech and data services and higher data rates.3G is defined to facilitate growth, increased bandwidth and support more diverse applications. The focus of this study is to examine the factors affecting the adoption of 3G services among Indian people. The study adopts the revised Technology Acceptance Model by adding five antecedents-perceived risks, cost of adoption, perceived service quality, subjective norms, and perceived lack of knowledge. Data have collected from more than 400 school/college/Institution students & employees of various Government/Private sectors using interviews & various convenience sampling procedures and analyzed using MS excel and MATLAB. Result shows that perceived usefulness has the most significant influence on attitude towards using 3G services,Of the five antecedents, perceived risk and cost of adoption are found to be significantly influencing attitude towards use. The outcome of this study would be beneficial to private and public telecommunication organizations, various service providers, business community, banking services and people of India. Research findings and suggestions for future research are also discussed.

To Localize or to Standardize on the Web: Empirical Evidence from Italy, India, Netherlands, Spain, and SwitzerlandT h e M u l t i n a t i o n a l B u s i n e s s R e v i e wVolume 12 Number 1, Spring 2004Nitish SinghOlivier FurrerMassimiliano Ostinelli

With the growth of worldwide e-commerce, companies are increasingly targeting foreign online consumers. However, there is a dearth of evidence as to whether global consumers prefer to browse and buy from standardized global web sites or web sites adapted to their local cultures. This study provides evidence from five different countries as to whether global consumers prefer local web content or standardized web content. The study alsomeasures how the degree of cultural adaptation on the web affects consumer perception of site effectiveness.

E-shopping: An Analysis of the Uses and Gratifications TheoryModern Applied ScienceVol. 6, No. 5; May 2012Weng Marc LimDing Hooi Ting

The Internet has experienced an exponential growth in the number of users and has created enormous increases in its marketing and communication applications during a considerably short period of time. Although both scholars and practitioners have jointly acknowledged the capabilities of the Internet as a marketing tool that offers great potentials and advantages, there remains a scarcity of knowledge pertaining to the motivations for using the Internet and associated online consumer behaviours in more web-specific scenarios. The uses and gratifications theory (U&G) provides a theoretical grounding and an avenue to further understand consumers’ attitude and intention of using the Internet as a shopping channel from a media perspective. While most of the studies done on the U&G in the Internet are situated in American and European contexts, this paper considers the U&G structure of online shoppers in the Asian context (more specifically, in Malaysia). More specifically, this study attempts to shed some light on how consumers form their attitude and online shopping intention based on the uses and gratifications structure to the existing literature and managerial implications for entrepreneurs and marketers of electronic businesses on how best to serve and attract consumers to shop online via the management of online shopping technologies.

An Analysis of Factors Affecting on Online Shopping Behavior of ConsumersInternational Journal of Marketing StudiesVol. 4, No. 5; 2012Mohammad Hossein Moshref JavadiHossein Rezaei DolatabadiMojtaba NourbakhshAmir PoursaeediAhmad Reza Asadollahi

one of the most important issues of e-commerce and marketing field. However, there is very limited knowledgeabout online consumer behavior because it is a complicated socio-technical phenomenon and involves too manyfactors. One of the objectives of this study is covering the shortcomings of previous studies that didn't examinemain factors that influence on online shopping behavior. This goal has been followed by using a model

examining the impact of perceived risks, infrastructural variables and return policy on attitude toward onlineshopping behavior and subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, domain specific innovativeness andattitude on online shopping behavior as the hypotheses of study. To investigate these hypotheses 200questionnaires dispersed among online stores of Iran. Respondents to the questionnaire were consumers of onlinestores in Iran which randomly selected. Finally regression analysis was used on data in order to test hypothesizesof study. This study can be considered as an applied research from purpose perspective and descriptive-surveywith regard to the nature and method (type of correlation).The study identified that financial risks and non-delivery risk negatively affected attitude toward online shopping.Results also indicated that domain specific innovativeness and subjective norms positively affect onlineshopping behavior. Furthermore, attitude toward online shopping positively affected online shopping behavior ofconsumers.

Impact of Utilitarian and Hedonic Shopping Values on Individual’sPerceived Benefits and Risks in Online Shopping International Management ReviewVol. 7 No. 1 2011Abhigyan Sarkar

An individual’s overall perceived shopping value has two dimensions – utilitarian andhedonic. Utilitarian shopping value relates to the functional aspects of the shopping context. Hedonicshopping value is derived from the perceived fun or playfulness of the shopping. An individual alsoassumes some benefits and risks in any shopping context. The e-shopping tendency is increasingrapidly among buyers across the world, which is the focus of this study. This study investigates howthe individual buyer’s perceived benefits and risks in e-shopping are influenced by his or her perceived

utilitarian or hedonic shopping values.

Website design, trust, satisfaction and e-loyalty:The Indian experience

Purpose: With rapid expansion of global online markets including India, researchers andpractitioners are challenged to understand drivers of customer website satisfaction, trust, andloyalty. In this research, website design is expected to influence if customers revisit an onlinevendor. Design/Method: Based on surveys and interview data collected in India, participants evaluated a local and foreign website of the same online vendor. Findings: Results indicate significant preferences for the local website for almost all design categories. Further, the local site instilled Data collected for this study are compared with parallel work conducted in four other countries using the same procedures. Research Limitations/Implications: The current investigation is relevant for researchers who aim to expand knowledge concerning the impact of website design related to user trust, satisfaction, and loyalty. The work also has implications for Web designer or managers who seek to enhance market attraction and retention to online websites. Limitation of the investigation is that both the local and foreign websites used are Samsung websites, and that only a single task (searching for a cell phone) was used.

Toward an Integrated Framework for Online Consumer Behavior and Decision Making Process: A ReviewPSYCHOLOGY AND MARKETINGFEBRUARY 2010William K. DarleyCharles BlanksonDenise J. Luethge

This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent empirical studies dealing with online consumer behavior and decision-making processes. To that end, the paper adapts and extends Engel, Kollat, and Blackwell’s (1978) and Engel, Blackwell, and Miniard’s (1986) decision-making model as backdrop in the review of the literature. The vast majority of studies examine the link between external factors and one or more components of the decision-making process. The findings of this study show a paucity of research on a number of components of decision making, as well as inconsistencies in the way the online environment is characterized. Finally, the findings show thatstudent samples are prevalent among the

studies identified and the research method is biased toward the survey method as opposed to experimentation. Discussion and conclusions are provided, and directions for future research are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Acceptance of E-banking among Adult Customers: An Empirical Investigation in IndiaJournal of Internet Banking and CommerceAugust 2010, vol. 15, no.2Neha DixitDr. Saroj K. Datta

Internet banking is a form of self service technology. The numbers of Internet users haveincreased dramatically, but most of them are reluctant to provide sensitive personalinformation to websites because they do not trust e-commerce security. This paperinvestigates the factors which are affecting the acceptance of e-banking services amongadult customers and also indicates level of concern regarding security and privacyissues in Indian context. Primary data was collected from 200 respondents, above theage of 35, through a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis, descriptive statisticswas used to explain demographic profile of respondents and also Factor and Regressionanalyses were used to know trend of internet use and factors affecting e-banking services among adult customer in India. The finding depicts many factors like security &privacy, trust, innovativeness, familiarity, awareness level increase the acceptance of ebankingservices among Indian customers. The finding shows that in spite of theirsecurity and privacy concern, adult customers are willing to adopt online banking ifbanks provide him necessary guidance. Based on the results of current study, Bank’smanagers would segment the market on the basis of age group and take their opinionand will provide them necessary guidance regarding use of online banking.

A Model of Trust in Online RelationshipBankingINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BANK MARKETING · FEBRUARY 2003Avinandan MukherjeePrithwiraj Nath

The role of trust encompasses the exchanges and interactions of a retail bank with its customers on various dimensions of online banking. Specifically lays stress on the bank-to-customer exchanges taking place through the technological interface. Hypothesizes shared value, communication and opportunistic behaviour as antecedents to trust. Trust and commitment also have a causal relationship. Proposes and empirically tests five hypotheses

with a sample of 510 Internet users of various profiles in India. Develops a structural equation model (Lisrel) and establishes all hypotheses. Observes that shared value is most critical to developing trust as well as relationship commitment. Communication has a moderate influence on trust, while opportunistic behaviour has significant negative effect. Also finds higher perceived trust to enhance significantly customers’ commitment in online banking transaction. An important contribution concerns how trust is developed and sustained over different levels of customer relationship in online banking. The future commitment of the customers to online banking depends on perceived trust

IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS OF CONSUMERS ON ONLINESHOPPING BEHAVIOUR: A STUDY OF CONSUMERS IN INDIAInternational journal of engineering and management sciencesVOL.3(1) 2012: 43-52Dahiya Richa

On-line shopping is a recent phenomenon in the field of E-Business and is definitely going to be the future of shopping in the world. Most of the companies are running their on-line portals to sell their products/services on-line. Though online shopping is very common outside India, its growth in Indian Market, which is a large and strategic consumer market, is still not in line with the global market. The potential growth of on-line shopping has triggered the idea of conducting a study on on-line shopping in India. The present research paper has used Qualitative and Quantitative research methods to study the impact of Demographic factors of consumers on on-line shopping parameters like satisfaction with on-line shopping, future purchase intention, frequency of on-line shopping, numbers of items purchased, and overall spend on on-line shopping. The data was collected through Questionnaires on a sample of 580 respondents from Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad and Bangalore. The results of study reveal that on-line shopping in India is significantly affected by various Demographic factors like age, gender, marital status, family size and income. The results of the study could be further used by the researchers and practitioners for conducting future studies in the similar area.

Internet Banking Adoption in an EmergingEconomy: Indian Consumer’s PerspectiveInternational Arab Journal of e-TechnologyVol. 2, No. 1, January 2011Rahmath SafeenaHema DateAbdullah Kammani

Information technology Services is considered as the key driver for the changes taking place around the world.Internet banking (IB) is the latest and most innovative service and is the new trend among the consumers. The shift from the formal banking to e-banking has been a 'leap' change. This study determines the factors influencing the consumer’s adoption of internet banking in India and hence investigates the influence of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived risk on use of IB. It is an essential part of a bank’s strategy formulation process in an emerging economy like India. Survey based questionnaire design with empirical test was carried out. The results have supported the hypothesis.

E-Commerce: A Study on Online Shopping in Malaysia© Kamla-Raj 2006J. Soc. Sci., 13(3): 231-242Adeline Chua Phaik HarnAli.KhatibiHishamuddin bin Ismail

Despite the high potential of online shopping in Malaysia, there is still a lack of understanding concerning the subject matter and its potential impact on consumer marketing. This study aims to establish a preliminary assessment, evaluation and understanding of the characteristics of online shopping in Malaysia. The Chisquire test was used to determine the relationship between current online shoppers and demographic variables. Samples t-test was then used to compare the mean differences between current online shoppers and non-online shoppers. Then, correlation coefficient matrix was employed to determine the degree of correlation between future online shopping and issues concerning online shopping. The study

revealed that online shopping in Malaysia is significantly associated with the Chinese ethnic group, university degree holders and credit cards or chequebooks owners. The results also indicated a significant mean difference between online shoppers and non-online shoppers in gathering product information and comparing price of goods and services before a purchase decision. Results also indicate that this group of non-online shoppers constitutes more than 60% of the total number of online consumers in Malaysia, implying a huge potential of shopping online consumers in Malaysia still lack confidence and trust in utilizing the Internet as a shopping channel. They are mainly concerned about issues related to privacy and trust when dealing with online retailers. These issues, if left unchecked, will have a detrimental effect on the future growth of online shopping in Malaysia.

E-Ticketing as a New Way of Buying Tickets: Malaysian Perceptions© Kamla-Raj 2008J. Soc. Sci., 17(2): 149-157Ainin SulaimanJosephine NgSuhana Mohezar

The main aim of the study is to identify e-ticketing trends among urban communities particularly in Kuala Lumpur. This study investigates the usage trends and patterns of e-ticketing. In addition, the study also focused on the customers’ perspectives towards e-ticketing in terms of its usefulness, reliability, security, convenience and efficiency. The study also examines the impact of demographic variables on e-ticketing adoption towards e-ticketing. A survey was carried out among Internet users in Kuala Lumpur. Questionnaires were distributed randomly to 500 people. Kuala Lumpur was chosen as it has the highest number of Internet users. The study found that e-ticketing is not a new phenomenon as nearly fifty percent of the respondents have been buying tickets online for the past two years and purchasing airline tickets seems to dominate the online ticketing services. It was also discovered that convenience and ease of use are among the factors that motivated the respondents to purchase tickets online. The study also revealed that online ticket purchasers are the young, educated and with higher income bracket.

Chapter-3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Objectives1. To study the consumer behavior at online shopping.2. To study consumers buying tactic, shopping priority online shopping.

3. To study consumers shopping experience at online websites.

4. To find out the consumers perception towards online shopping.

5. To analysis different attributes of layout & ambience, Services, Sales personnel and

Promotional & Endorsement tool in online shopping website.

6. To find the Expectation of customers Desirable/wishful factors in future they want in

online shopping.

METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

There are two sources of data collection- Primary source and Secondary source

Under Primary data I have selected Questionnaire Method as the method of my data collection. I have taken the data of those who does online shopping.

SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND SAMPLING SIZE

The entire data collection is done from the various places in Ahmadabad. This data collection

is done for knowing the behavior of the consumers towards shopping malls in Ahmadabad.

Data collection is done randomly and it does not have any bias.

The sample size of my project is 100 units.

DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS

In this research process two analysis tools are used to analyse the primary data. SPSS is used to store data, where all variables are recorded and it was very easy to

analyse and compare all variables. Microsoft office excel is also used to make table and related graph. These tools were used to analyse the primary data and helped to make the report. A mixture of quantitative methods was used to analyse the data, namely the Chi-

squared test.

PROBLEMS FACED DURING PROJECT

Not all the respondents were fully interested in filing the questionnaire. Due to sample size of 100 it was difficult to find whole population data as study is

done in limited area. The answers given by the respondents have taken as final as per their perception. Some of the respondents were unable to understand the questions. Respondents were in hurry and some of them were neglecting.

LEARNING FROM PROJECT

The Study of this project report gave me brief knowledge about the consumer buying behaviour in online shopping and what they want in future from Online shopping.

It helped me to deal with the respondents and to know about their views and believes. The preparation of the project report gave me an opportunity to deal with different

types of respondents and to observe their behaviour. Some of them were rude and some of them were very kind and cooperative.

Chapter-4

DATA ANALYSIS

Univariate

Gender Frequency

Male 60

Female 30

67%

33%

Gender

MaleFemale

Interpretation:

As we can conclude that the online shopping is more preferred by Male rather than Female.

Age_re Frequency

upto 24 33

25-30 35

31-36 12

37 & above 10

Total 90

37%

39%

13%

11%

Age_re

upto 2425-3031-3637 & above

Interpretation:

The above figure it shows that most of the respondent (Consumers) belong to the age group 25-30 years (39%) followed by 37% of upto 24 years and 13% of 31-36 years and a very small percentage of respondent belong to the age group of 37 and Above years.

Occupation Frequency

business 23

job 28

student 34

housewife 5

Total 90

26%

31%

38%

6%

Occupation

businessjobstudenthousewife

Income_re Frequency

12000-23000 13

24000-30000 16

31000-38000 11

39000-100000 9

27%

33%

22%

18%

Income_re

12000-2300024000-3000031000-3800039000-100000

Have you ever had online shopping ? Frequency

yes 90

100%

Have you ever had online shopping ?

Frequency

How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?

Frequency

1-5 68

6-10 18

11-15 1

16-20 3

Total 90

76%

20%

1% 3%

How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?

1-56-1011-1516-20

Which of these websites have you already used or visited?

Frequency

amazon 37

flipkart 28

ebay 18

other 7

Total 90

amazon41%

flipkart31%

ebay20%

other8%

Which of these websites have you already used or visited?

Which online shopping website is providing cheaper deals ?

Frequency

amazon 23

flipkart 28

ebay 28

shopclues 5

snapdeal 6

Total 90

Which online shopping website is providing cheaper deals ?

amazonflipkartebayshopcluessnapdeal

What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ?

Frequency

electronic 29

clothing 19

shoes 7

babyproduct 4

traveling 5

other 26

Total 90

32%

21%8%4%

6%

29%

What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ?

electronicclothingshoesbabyproducttravelingother

Do you find product of your choice easily ? Frequency

yes 87

no 3

Total 90

Do you find product of your choice easily ?

yesno

Which payment method do you use ? Frequency

COD 38

debit card 18

net banking 19

credit card 15

Total 90

42%

20%

21%

17%

Which payment method do you use ?

CODdebit cardnet bankingcredit card

Which are advantage of online shopping? Frequency

Having comparison shopping 21

Wide variety of brand choice 34

Money saving 34

other 1

Total 90

23%

38%

38%

1%

Which are advantage of online shopping?

Having comparison shoppingWide variety of brand choiceMoney savingother

Have you felt any problem while conducting online purchase ?

Frequency

yes 36

no 54

Total 90

Have you felt any problem while conducting on-line purchase ?

yesno

If yes, what kind of problems did you faced ? Frequency

Delay in delivery 17

Cheap quality of product 6

Damaged product 10

Non-delivery 3

Total 36

System 54

90

If yes, what kind of problems did you faced ?

Delay in deliveryCheap quality of productDamaged productNon-deliveryTotalSystem

Bi-variate

gender * How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 15 20

Male 2 17 12 9 6 1 5 2 3 0 3 60

Female

2 9 6 3 2 3 1 0 3 1 0 30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 15 2002468

1012141618

gender * How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?

MaleFemale

age_re * Which of these websites have you already used or visited?

amazon flipkart ebay other

upto 24 12 12 8 1 33

25-30 16 8 7 4 35

31-36 5 4 2 1 12

37 & above 4 4 1 1 10

amazon flipkart ebay other02468

1012141618

age_re * Which of these websites have you already used or visited?

upto 2425-3031-3637 & above

age_re * Which online shopping website is providing cheaper deals ?

upto 24 3 13 13 2 2 33

25-30 12 9 10 1 3 35

31-36 5 3 3 1 0 12

37 & above 3 3 2 1 1 10

amazon flipkart ebay shopclues snapdeal0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

age_re * Which online shopping website is providing cheaper deals ?

upto 2425-3031-3637 & above

gender * What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ?

electronic clothing shoes babyproduct traveling other

Male 25 9 6 0 4 16 60

Female 4 10 1 4 1 10 30

electronic clothing shoes babyproduct traveling other0

5

10

15

20

25

30

gender * What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ?

MaleFemale

  COD debit card net banking credit card  

occupation * Which payment method do you use ?

business 6 6 6 5 23

job 10 5 7 6 28

student 17 7 6 4 34

housewife 5 0 0 0 5

COD debit card net banking credit card02468

1012141618

occupation * Which payment method do you use ?

businessjobstudenthousewife

Hypothysis 1

gender * How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?Crosstabulation

q2_re Total

1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20

gender Male Count 46 11 0 3 60

% within gender 76.7% 18.3% 0.0% 5.0% 100.0%

Female Count 22 7 1 0 30

% within gender 73.3% 23.3% 3.3% 0.0% 100.0%

Total Count 68 18 1 3 90

% within gender 75.6% 20.0% 1.1% 3.3% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 3.779a 3 .286

Likelihood Ratio 4.903 3 .179

Linear-by-Linear Association .050 1 .823

N of Valid Cases 90

a. 4 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .33.

2gender * What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ? Crosstabulation

What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ? Total

electroni

c

clothin

g

shoes babyproduc

t

travelin

g

other

gender Male Count 25 9 6 0 4 16 60

%

within

gende

r

41.7% 15.0% 10.0

%

0.0% 6.7% 26.7

%

100.0

%

Femal

e

Count 4 10 1 4 1 10 30

%

within

gende

r

13.3% 33.3% 3.3% 13.3% 3.3% 33.3

%

100.0

%

Total Count 29 19 7 4 5 26 90

%

within

gende

r

32.2% 21.1% 7.8% 4.4% 5.6% 28.9

%

100.0

%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 18.018a 5 .003

Likelihood Ratio 19.624 5 .001

Linear-by-Linear Association 1.926 1 .165

N of Valid Cases 90

a. 6 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.33.

3occupation * Which payment method do you use ? Crosstabulation

Which payment method do you use ? Total

COD debit

card

net

banking

credit

card

occupatio

n

business Count 6 6 6 5 23

% within

occupation

26.1% 26.1% 26.1% 21.7% 100.0

%

job Count 10 5 7 6 28

% within

occupation

35.7% 17.9% 25.0% 21.4% 100.0

%

student Count 17 7 6 4 34

% within

occupation

50.0% 20.6% 17.6% 11.8% 100.0

%

housewif

e

Count 5 0 0 0 5

% within

occupation

100.0

%

0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0

%

Total Count 38 18 19 15 90

% within

occupation

42.2% 20.0% 21.1% 16.7% 100.0

%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 11.414a 9 .248

Likelihood Ratio 13.348 9 .147

Linear-by-Linear Association 6.976 1 .008

N of Valid Cases 90

a. 8 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .83.