constructed wetlands and sanitation: field returns from dream … constructed wetlands... ·...

Constructed Wetlands and

Sanitation: Field returns from

DREAM members

Part 1 : Introduction to the cluster

DREAM Water & Aquatic Wetlands by Daniel Villessot, President of DREAM

What is a competitiveness cluster ?

” A competitiveness cluster brings together large and small firms,

research organizations and educational establishments, all working

together in a specific region to develop synergies and cooperative efforts

around a shared theme. Local and national governments are closely

involved in this dynamic.

A competitiveness cluster aims to support innovation. It fosters the

development of collaborative R&D projects as well as the

development and growth of its members, especially companies,

through launching on the markets new products, services or processes

issued from the outcomes of research project […].”

Source: http://competitivite.gouv.fr/home-903.html

3 Pôle DREAM Eau & Milieux

http://competitivite.gouv.fr/home-903.html



DREAM IN A FEW WORDS AND NUMBERS

“The competitiveness cluster DREAM bring

together, in “Région Centre” (France), key

players in the field of green technology related

to water and aquatic environment.”


DREAM IN A FEW WORDS AND NUMBERS

• 42 millions euros, it’s the total budget of the 33

projects supported by DREAM since 2011

• 90 members, of which 80% are companies

• A staff of 7 persons

• 17 billons euros, it’s the size of the drinking

water and sanitation market in France

• 80 millions euros, it’s the size of the

environmental monitoring market in France


DREAM’S STRATEGIC ACTIVITES


• Diagnosis, monitoring, environmental information

systems of water resources and aquatic

ecosystems (DAS1),

• Management of water resources and aquatic

ecosystems (DAS2),

• Extensive treatments of water and bioremediation

of soils (DAS3).

With a transverse dimension:

• Adaptation of technologies, products, services and

processes to emerging and developing countries

MISSIONS OF THE CLUSTER DREAM


• To be a « factory for tomorrow’s products, services or processes »

• To develop the competitiveness of companies part of the industrial

sectors related to water and environment

• To develop and/or initiate the structuration of industries related to

water and aquatic wetlands

• To support SMEs in the development of their technological know-

how and their economical growth

• To support research laboratories to identify projects necessaries for

industrial development (basic and applied researches), so as to

preserve and enhance the singularities of the research topics

developed over the territory.

SERVICES PROPOSED BY DREAM

Emergence, setting-up and follow-up of R&D projects

Networking

Thematic workshops

Communication

Access to innovative public procurement contracts


SERVICES PROPOSED BY DREAM

International Development

DREAM provides strategic information to its members

(technological watch and market studies) as well as

matchmaking events for SMEs with worldwide companies

in order to facilitate their international developments.

DREAM is also looking to expand its network with

international clusters.

Several members of DREAM are already settled in china:


http://www.suez-environnement.fr/

http://www.veolia.com/fr/innovation/recherche-innovation

http://www.phytorestore.com/

http://www.ijinus.com/

http://france.edf.com/

TO KNOW MORE ABOUT DREAM


www.poledream.org

http://www.poledream.org/

Part 2: Constructed Wetlands &

Sanitation by Daniel Villessot, President of DREAM

BACKGROUND: GROWING NEEDS

Development of sustainable water treatments technologies

low energy consumption, treatment

Adaptation of phyto-treatment technology for specific effluents (industrial wastewater

and stormwater)

Optimization of phyto-treatment technology for domestic water

Increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment to reduce their impacts

on aquatic environment.

Necessity to protect and restore aquatic wetlands (in France, 67% of

these areas disappear since the beginning of the 20th century)

Therefore, there is a growing interest for using aquatic wetland as a

buffer zone collecting treated wastewater. In France, there are

currently more than 2 500 sites, most of them were established since

2000.

However, without solid scientific knowledge and a thorough technical

design, no performance guarantees


PROJECT OBJECTIVES

• Develop innovative tools for the design and monitoring

of constructed wetland

• Develop an innovative solution (constructed wetland)

for tertiary wastewater treatment providing guarantees

regarding its efficiency

• Assess and valorize the ecosystem services provided

by constructed wetland


RESEARCHES CARRIED OUT BY IRSTEA

Extensive system Intermediate Intensive system

(ActivAted sludge, membranes)


Low Power consumption & Maintenance

High

Large Surface Small

Emergence of new phyto-treatment technology to meet specific needs

15

• Innovative solutions patented in France, US, Brasil and China

• Principle :

– Combination of several planted filter beds for biodegradation of organic compounds

– Treatment is performed by tolerant aquatic plants associated with the microorganisms present at root region (rhizosphere)

– Specific filters used to trap metallic compounds preventing the risk of leaching into underground water

Phytorestore – Filtering gardens®

Phytorestore – Filtering gardens® • Founded in 2004 by Thierry Jacquet, current chairman, based in Paris with branches in Brasil and China

• Leader in solutions for water, air and soil treatment using plants (phytoremediation) with over 150 references in France, North Africa, China, Brasil..

• Design, build, maintenance and operations of turn-key and custom-base solutions

Workforce of mainly engineers in agronomy, chemistry and hydrology plus landscape architects..

• Customers:

• Urban communities (towns, resorts, rural lodging)

• Industries (food business, chemical plants, steel plants, …)

• Real Estate, commercial centers, eco-district

• Profesionals in sanitation industry

Applications: sewage water, rainfall water, industrial effluents, sludge, wetlands and rivers, natural swimming pools, air, soil treatment

First Biofarm launched in 2009 to initiate service activities based on phytorestauration technology

Nanterre - France

A strong element of this project was the restoration of natural areas to restore useful resources such as water and biodiversity. Landscaping have been designed in this approach, the choice of plants or building materials. The first tranche of 14.5 ha park is on 56 hectares initially planned. Reuse of materials (crushed concrete, glass, steel plates, beams old tracks) creates a very particular landscape. The banks in concrete and steel sheet piles were replaced by environmentally friendly features to create habitats for frogs and fish.

Merck - Brazil

The Merck company, located in Campinas district, Sao Paulo state, in Brazil, had to build a wastewater treatment plant on the last available green space. Filtering gardens were designed to create a set of playful gardens, getting one to forget the role of cleaning wastewater of the plant. The project was defined after several computer simulations highlighting both the plantations and a long walking track designed as a playground, which bright yellow security barriers emphasise. The project, discussed and validated by the director of the factory, needed to also integrate the wishes of the staff, who could consider the project as their factory’s private garden.

Suzhou - China Goal L'Oréal was to reduce 50% of CO2 production and water use in 2015. The filtering gardens have a significant solution for reducing sludge production and involved in the production limitation CO2. Indeed sludge is treated by the filter gardens, and valued in gardens as a byproduct similar to compost in accordance with local standards of the Republic of China.

Chinese project

Wuhan

The proposed eco Wuhan neighborhood relies on an innovative master plan landscape where water management plays a key structural role in the banks of the Yangtze River. Landscaping treatments have been used to produce wild natural landscapes on the wet parts and very ornamental treatments around buildings. The site is completely flat, creating a place of strong landscape was an opportunity to make a real case for green buildings. The landscaped park has also become the starting point of the project including a system of canals originally moods and staging buildings.

Qingpu

As part of the implementation of major real estate projects, the city of Shanghai has launched international competition to beautify rivers and create as landscaped public areas. The naturalization projects and remediation of 3 rivers proposed by Phytorestore to find more varied and planted landscapes was selected for the program is 100% natural. The development party was designed to hold large constraints of the order. We had to run to fast despite the absence of specific plans of the existing execution plans.

Homa guilin The future site of Club Med is located in the middle of the largest rice fields in China. Ecological natural pool works without chemicals or toxic risk, with water treated naturally by plants through the ryzosphère. This is an innovative environmental technology, introduced for the first time in China, without chemical, ease of maintenance, low operating cost, high reliability compared to climatic conditions. This solution is also very interesting in China because it produces energy savings while enjoying low energy consumption and outstanding landscaping with a

positive impact on the regeneration of local biodiversity.

PROJECT PHYTORIA (Jean VOISIN) 1/2

- Context : Constructed wetlands are now developed in France for industrial wastewater

- Objectives : Adapt the technology to industrial wastewater and optimize the system in terms of surface area, high pollution load, mix of extensive and intensive technologies for some specific effluent types (food processing industries mostly or any biodegradable effluents).

- Experimentations :

- 2 pilot-scale installations are functioning in Nantes and La Réunion (to study in a context of tropical climate)

- 5 large scale installations are under construction in France


PROJECT PHYTORIA (Jean VOISIN) 2/2

- Partners :

- Jean Voisin builds constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment mostly

- Eau et Industrie is a consultancy group for water management for industrial

- Ecole des Mines de Nantes is an research centre with a well-known activity on constructed wetlands

- Results : show that surface area can be lower than for domestic water treatment and technology is interesting for this type of application.

- Industrials and structures in charge of Environmental protection follow the project and show interest.


PROJECT « ZONE LIBELLULE » SUEZ

Environnement


http://www.biotope.fr/

https://www.google.fr/url?q=http://armistiq.irstea.fr/les-partenaires-du-projet/&sa=U&ei=c954U_HYBoqw0QWawoD4Bg&ved=0CFAQ9QEwETgo&usg=AFQjCNGjx1ytqZnLT9PV1VcnlR1FuTzqig

https://www.google.fr/url?q=http://enrhy.unistra.fr/&sa=U&ei=ud54U7WyOOqm0QXWuYDABQ&ved=0CC4Q9QEwAA&usg=AFQjCNHI2bbLAitBzp2vlDfuh9pPQ98zzw

FURTHER STUDIES: PROJECT ZHART

At the end of the project « Zone libellule », several issues remain such

as:

•Modeling of hydraulic and pollutants flow

•Mechanisms and treatment efficiency of water/soil/plants system

•Lack of tools to characterize the ecological quality of anthropized systems

•Impact of micropollutants on ecosystems

•Acceptability of constructed wetlands in urban / peri-urban area

At the end of 2012, the project ZHART led by SUEZ Environment

started for a period of 28 months.

The objectives of the project are:

•to elaborate a design and operating guide for constructed wetlands

•to determine the fate of micropolluants in flora and fauna

•to develop tools for predicting the evolution of biodiversity

•to assess the territorial and social footprint of constructed wetlands


THE PROJECT ZHART

The partners of the project are:


Part 3: Ecological Wetlands by Michel Bacchi, Director of RIVE

http://www.sarl-rive.fr/

RIVE

VEGETAL RIVERBANK PROTECTION

RIVER BANK PROTECTION

25

T.N.

Conseil Général

du Calvados

Réhabilitation de berge

sur le commune d’Evrecy

Gestion des cours d'eauet des zones humides

ETUDE - CONSEIL - INGENIERIE

OPERATION LFBO2 - P.A.M. 07/2002Profil type

LFBO2/PT1

IIIFascine de saule avec peignePieux diam. 8 à 12 cm, L mini.1.80 m,branchages diam. 2 à 5 cm, L mini. 2 m,plançons longueur mini. 1 m

Lit de ramillesLongueur environ 90 cm

Lits de plants et plançonsPlançons : longueur mini. 1 mArbustes : hauteur 60-90 cm

Grosses boutures de sauleLongueur mini. 1.50 m,

diamètre 6 à 8 cm

Géotextile synthétique non tissé

Treillis de coco tissé type H2M5 ou H2M9 (largeur 3 m)

II

I

Matériaux gravelo-terreux

en remblai

Agrafe de fixationFer à béton diamètre 6 mm,

plié en U 50-15-15

../../../../../Bureau/Présentation%20RIVE.ppt



RIVE

VEGETAL RIVERBANK PROTECTION

RIVER BANK PROTECTION

26

Reference state

N

N+1

N+2




RIVE

ECOLOGICAL WETLANDS

27

Ecological sewage treatment for industrial site

Ecological wetland for Fire water storage

Wetland restoration, drainage improvement projects and sewage treatment in Luang Prabang (LAOS)

MALI : Industrial wastewater treatment (Niger water protection)




RIVE

WETLANDS CREATION AND MANAGEMENT FOR RECEATIVE SPACE

ECOLOGICAL WETLANDS

28

RIVER RESTORATION




DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ZHART

Hydraulic and water purifying audits on several artificial wetlands spread

across France, enabling to study a wide variety of typology (basins,

valleys, etc.)

Monitoring of the total hydraulic flow

•Continuous flow measurement for more than 1 years at the entry and exit of each

compartment

•Weather station: rainfall, temperature, sunlight

Evaluation of micropolluants reduction

•5 campaigns in different seasons

•follow up of 33 micropollutants in water, sediment and plant : Pesticides, pharmaceuticals,

hormones, phenols and derivatives, metals, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

•Additional follow-up:

Macropollutants: TKN, NH4, NO3, NO2, Ptot, PO4, COD, BOD5

Bacteriology: E. coli, total coliforms, enterococci




Study in microcosms of the micropollutants abatement …

• 10 species of aquatic plants, 3 substrates

• TEST 1: only plants + reference substrate

• TEST 2: combinations of plants / substrates

… for a better understanding of their mechanisms

of elimination

• Search for micropolluants in water / substrate / plant (roots and

aerial parts)

• Elimination kinectic of micropollutants

The objective is to select the suitable

plants for the treatment of micropollutants

so as to ensure performance guarantees.

Ex.: Carbamazépine


Identification of the fauna & flora biodiversity

• aquatic plants

• Aquatic Invertebrates, insects, aphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds

Mapping of the audited sites

• Habitat, population

• Evolution through time (seasons, years)

The objective is the creation of a predicting model for the quality and

ecological functions of constructed wetlands in order to help

designing and maintaining these areas as well as to reach a

suitable ecological quality.


Site A B C ZL Réf

Avifaune 40 25 15 21 20

Odonates 4 5 3 6 4

Herpét. 0 2 1 2 2

Mam. 5 5 1 1 5

Flore 20 39 35 40 30


Landscape insertion of constructed wetlands

• Study of several sites

• Real or potential insertion of constructed wetlands in the “Trame verte et bleue”:

connectivity, scenario with or without constructed wetlands

Objective: Elaborate a typology of relationships between constructed

wetlands and landscape in termes of biodiversity

• Predict the impact of a new constructed wetland on landscape

Impact of the landscape quality on biodiversity and ecological functions

of constructed wetlands

• Study of several sites

• Territorial insertion of constructed wetland & Analysis of territorial governance

Objective: Elaborate a guide on territorial insertion of constructed

wetlands

• Social, institutional, environmental, spatial and technical dimensions



Passive sensors (POCIS) : Improve the monitoring and performance

evaluation of constructed wetlands

•target: hydrophilic micropollutants

•Laboratory research to develop and improve the reliability of passive sensors

•Trials on sites with existing passibve sensors

indicators of the wildlife's exposition to micropollutants

•Select targeted species : present in constructed wetland, quantity

•Laboratory development

•Comparison to samples from control sites


Collect Dismantling Transfert Elution

LC/MS or

GC/MS

analysis

constructed wetlands and sanitation: field returns from dream … constructed wetlands... ·...

Documents