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Conservation agriculture and drought - tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM Innovation Annual Meeting Lab, 19-21 May, 2014 Washington DC USA

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Page 1: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014

By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela

SANREM Innovation Annual Meeting Lab, 19-21 May, 2014

Washington DCUSA

Page 2: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Objective of this project• Develop sustainable, climate-smart technologies for

smallholder farmers by integrating conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties

• Overcome market constraints to seed availability in Mozambique

• Increase the knoweldge and awareness of stakeholders about improved technologies

• Quantify the socio-economic impact of interventions on food security and farmers‘ livelihood

Page 3: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Where do we operate?

• Active in Mozambique since

2006

• Experiences mainly in three

provinces: Manica, Sofala and

Tete

• Mainly mid-altidude and

confined to maize-growing

areas

• Mainly small scale farmers

Page 4: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Trend of maize production in Mozambique1960 to 2007

Page 5: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Country: MozambiqueMaize yields compared to neighbouring countries

(FAOSTAT-2012)

• Maize productivity is very low particularly under farmers management practices

4.6736

2.5871

2.0158

1.5515

1.23641.0992

0.8751

0

1

2

3

4

5

t/ha

Maize yields in Mozambique and neighbouring countries in 2010

Page 6: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Conservation Agriculture (CA) – a sustainable system

CA comprises the following principles:

Minimal soil movement

Surface crop residue retention

Crop rotations and/or green manure cover crops

Page 7: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

•Basin planting

•Jab-planter •AT Direct seeder

•Dibble stick

•Hoe-planter

•Magoye ripper

Page 8: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

FARMERS INVOLVED IN COMPOSTING PROCESS

Page 9: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM
Page 10: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

CIMMYT’s partners in Mozambique

• The Mozambique National Agricultural Research and Extension Systems

• Seed producers and input suppliers

• IITA, IFDC

• International NGO’s (i.e. Total Land Care)

• Donors: USAIDField tour with partners in Manica Province

Page 11: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Maize response to CA on different farmer‘s fields, Lamego, 2012/2013

b

a

a

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

Joaquim Jequete Jose Andrassone Inacio Luis Nhanga Lourenco Lampiao Bernardo Paulo Mean

Sites

Gra

in y

ield

(k

g/h

a)

Conventional practice

CA basin planting

CA direct seeding

Page 12: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Mozambique - all communities 2012/2013

3022

b

b

b

bbb

c

a

cb

b

3233c

ab

b

a

aba

b

b

ba

b

3962

a

a

a

aa

a

aab

aa

a

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Gim

u

Lam

ego

Lam

ego

Nde

ja

Mag

uai

Malom

ue

Mus

sian

haro

Nham

atiquite

Nham

izhinga

Nze

we

Pumbu

to

Ulo

ngue

Mea

n

Communities

Maiz

e g

rain

yie

ld (

kg

ha

-1)

Control treatment

Basins

Direct seeding

Page 13: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Varieties under different cropping systems, 2012/2013

b

b

b

b

b

c

b

b

b

b

b

c

b

bb

a

a

b

a

a

a

a

aaa

a

a

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Matuba no fert Matuba fert ZM309 fert ZM401 fert ZM523 fert ZM625 fert Molocue 1 fert Pristine 601 fert PAN 53 fert

Varieties

Ma

ize

gra

in y

ield

(k

g h

a-1

)

Control treatment

Basins

Direct seeding

Page 14: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Performance of maize varieties under CA in Sussundenga, 2012/2013

BCDEFG

BCDEFGCDEFGDEFG

EFGFG

G

AA

AB

ABCABCD

BCDE

BCDEFBCDEFG

G

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

molo

cue

czh083

7

sc635

sc403

pan67

PGS61

czh093

5

pristin

e601

pan53

zm309

suss

uma

mat

uba

zm401

zm625

tsanga

no

zm523

Varieties

Mai

ze g

rain

yie

ld [

kg/h

a]

Page 15: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Harvest year

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Maiz

e g

rain

yie

ld (

kg h

a-1

)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

b

a a

a a a

c

ba

Conventional practice

Basin planting

Direct seeding

ba

a

b

aab

c

b

a

Average maize grain yield in five target communities, Mozambique, 2008-2013

Page 16: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Varieties

Mat

uba,

no

fert

Mat

uba,

fert

ZM30

9, fe

rt

ZM40

1, fe

rt

ZM52

3, fe

rt

ZM62

5, fe

rt

Maiz

e g

rain

yie

ld (

kg h

a-1

)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Conventional control

Basin planting

Direct seeding

aa

b

aab

b

aba

b

aab

aa

b

aab

b

Overall varietal performance in five target

communities of Mozambique, 2008-2013

Page 17: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Average cowpea grain yield in five target communities, Mozambique,

2010-2013

Harvest year

2010 2011 2012 2013

Co

wp

ea

gra

in y

ield

(kg

ha

-1)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

b

a

a

a

Conventional practice

Basin planting

Direct seeding

ba

a

ab

a

a a

b

Page 18: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Training events on cropping systems and improved varieties in eleven target

communities

No. of

participants

No of

males

No of

females

Community awareness 450 267 183

Evaluation meetings 300 170 130

Farmer to farmer exchange 169 55 114

Field days 702 356 346

Study tours 12 10 2

Trainings 147 83 64

Planning meeting 22 20 2

Variety demonstration field days 1700 521 1179

Total 3502 1482 2020

Page 19: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Extend of adoption* in different target communities

*adoption under this project is defined as uptake without

external input support from the project

District Name of community Men Women Total

Nhamatanda Lamego John Segredo 62 22 84

Nhamatanda Lamego Ndeja 44 23 67

Gondola Pumbuto 25 20 45

Sussundenga Nhamatiquite 257 171 428

Báruè Mussianharo 27 37 64

Báruè Nhamizhinga 78 31 109

Báruè Malomue 21 9 30

Angonia Nzewe, Ulongue 22 11 33

Tsangano Gimo, Maguai 39 12 51

Total 575 336 911

Page 20: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Seed production in 2012/2013 cropping season by seed companies

and IIAMVariety Type

Year of

release

Amount of seed

produced (tons) Seed Partners

Molocue Hybrid 2011 50 Lozane Seed

ZM309 OPV 2013 300

Dengo Commercial,

Bonimar, Ndzarayapela

ZM523 OPV 2011 500 Dengo Commercial

OLIPA Hybrid 2010 50 Lozane Seed; Moz Seeds

SP1 Hybrid 2013 20 Semente Perfeita

Pristine 601 Hybrid 2013 200 Moz Seeds,

Various other

lines Breeders’ seed 2013 3 IIAM

Total 1123

Page 21: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Conclusions• We have made good progress

to achieve the project goals!• The results show that CA and

drought tolerant varieties are viable and profitable technology interventions

• Change is a slow process –but what are the alternatives?

• How can we get to more adoption? The need for an integrated approach involving more partners....!

Page 22: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Plot under CA (Maize & Cow pea)

Page 23: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Maize & Cow pea plot with Mulching

Page 24: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Discussion with men & women

Page 25: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Differences between basins and jab planter plots

Page 26: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Discussion with women

Page 27: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Part of Nhamatanda CA Team

Page 28: Conservation agriculture and drought- tolerant …...Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant maize varieties 2014 By David Mariote, Christian Thierfelder and Peter Setimela SANREM

Thank you very much!