CONCEPT OF FIVE PILLARS

FOR MODERNIZATION OF IRRIGATION

IN INDONESIA

First Regional Irrigation Management Modernization Meeting

Bangkok, November 15th – 16th 2012

THE MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

By :

Imam Agus Nugroho, Widiarto, Sukrasno, Sigit Supadmo Arif,

T Sri Widharti, Dedi Kusnadi

NEW IRRIGATION POLICIES

Five pillars of

irrigation

• Water availability

• Infrastructure

• Irrigation

management

• Institutions

• Human recourses

+

• Legal aspect

• Financing system

• Increasing

populations

• Environments

degradation

• Climate

chance etc

• Agriculture

• Decentralization

• Water resources

• Environments

• Agrarian

• etc

Five Irrigation

Policies

Five pillars of

irrigation

• Water availability

• Infrastructure

• Irrigation

management

• Institutions

• Human recourses

+

legal aspect

Financing system

FOOD POLICES

• POLICIES

QUESTION

• SCENARIO

• POLICIES

ANALYSIS

• POLICIES

CHOICES

SWOT AND ROAD MAP

Services Basis

Five Policies

Targets

EXISTING CONDITION ENVIRONMENTAL

CHANGES

PARADIGM, VISION,

MISSION,

GOVERNMENT

POLICIES 2015-2025

OTHER

POLICIES

NEW IRRIGATION

POLICIES

BACKGROUND

Environmental changes

- Increasing population

- Limited water availability

- Increasing competition among user

- Decreasing watershed performances

- Some irrigation systems passed their technical lifetime

- Lack of irrigation management service

- Decreasing on function and condition of irrigation system performances

- Food necessity increase

- Necessity of

effective, efficient, and sustainability of irrigation management increase

Modernization

of irrigation

DEFINITION

ICID

• The process of improving an existing project to meet new project criteria. It includes changes to the existing facilities operational procedures, management, and institutional aspects. These changes are designed to enhance the economic and social benefits of the project. Unlike rehabilitation, modernization is not renovation of the project features in need of repair.

FAO

• Modernization irrigation are combined strategy of institutional, managerial and technological change with the objective to change from a supply to service oriented mode of operation. (Hans W. Wolter, 1997)

INDONESIA

With the objective to attain food security and farmers’

prosperity, the modernization of irrigation in Indonesia is

define as process of improving an existing irrigation

system to meet better participatory irrigation

management services, to be more efficient, effective

and sustainable management through developing

reliability of five pillars i.e. Better water availability, good

infrastructures, improving irrigation management,

institutional strengthening as well as empowerment of

human resources

DEFINITION

THE BENEFIT OF

MODERNIZATION OF IRRIGATION

No Benefit aspect Government Farmers

1 Politics Providing political guarantee of

irrigation water use right to

farmers in justice water

resources management

framework

Having political guarantee of

irrigation water use right from

the government in justice water

resources management

framework

2 Social Realization of irrigation

bureaucracy institution that

aware to farmer need as result of

bureaucracy reforms

Realization of social capital

among government and farmers

in better irrigation management

3 Financial and

Economical

• Realization of irrigation

financial management

institution to meet better

transactional services that

provide mutual benefit among

farmers and the governments

• Getting multiplayer effect in

rural economic development

• Realization of better habit

and attitude of farmers to pay

irrigation service fee in

irrigation management

• Increasing rural economic

activities

PREMISE

• As stated in the government regulation no 20/2006 about

irrigation, the implementation of irrigation development and

management should be done based on five pillars, i.e. Better

water availability, development of good infrastructures,

improving irrigation management, institutional strengthening

as well as empowerment of human resources;

• In fact, the implementation of five pillars in irrigation needs

ABCDE-F process;

• The modernization of irrigation in Indonesia is done based

on application of 5 pillars concept to be harmonized with the

ABCDE-F theory.

• Financial policy

• System Information

and communication

Technology

VISION : Realization of irrigation participatory system

to attain food security and farmer’s prosperity

MISSION : (i) Development of irrigation system

(ii) Improvement of irrigation management

Increasing

Water

availability

Better irrigation

infrastructure

Improving

irrigation

management

Institutional

strengthening

Empowerment

of human

resources

Fra

mew

ork

AB

CD

E-F

Enabler

environment basis, Participatory, Conjunctive Use, Harmonization of downstream-

upstream management , improving farm-level management

Fra

mew

ork

AB

CD

E-F

Five pillars of the modernization of irrigation in Indonesia

• Law 7/2004 : water recourses

• Law 7/2006 : food

• Law 41/2009 : land conversion

• GR 20/2006 : Irrigation

• PW Minister Rules 30, 31,32,33

, 2007

• Local Law on Irrigation

• DG Water Recourses

• DG of Land and Water, Ministry of

Agriculture

• Irrigation Service Province & Regency

• Irrigation Commission

• WUA’S

• Knowledge and technology

PILLAR I :

RELIABILITY of IRRIGATION WATER

NO SUBSTANCE OF

MODERNIZATION

PHASE

ACCOUNTING BARGAINING CODIFICATION DELEGATION ENGINEERING FEEDBACK

1 Water use right Political right Bargaining process

among stakeholders

Setting up

Government rule on

water right

Implementation of

Government rule

on water right

Information and

communication

Technology , ICT

Participatory

level

2 Water Supply and

Water Saving

Water balance

study

Agreement among

stakeholder

Adjustment with

stated pattern of

water management in

the basin level

Basin manager ICT

3 Water availability

Study on

calculation of water

consumption for

both irrigation and

non irrigation

sector

Agreement among

stakeholder

In the meeting of

basin water

management

coordination team

based on water right

rule

Rule of chairman of

basin water

management

coordination team

Basin manager Setting up water

allocation model

Monitoring

and

evaluation

4 Watershed

sustainability

Study on

calculation of

watershed capacity

to support water

supply

Agreement between

stakeholder and asset

owner in the

watershed

Some rules on

watershed

sustainability ,

agrarian, space

planning

Water resources

council as

coordinator

Watershed

manager as

implementer

Watershed Asset

Management

Consistency

between space

planning and land

use

Monitoring

and

evaluation

PILLAR II :

INFRASTRUCTURE

NO SUBSTANCE OF

MODERNIZATION

PHASE

ACCOUNTING BARGAINING CODIFICATION DELEGATION ENGINEERING FEEDBACK

1. Weir/Reservoir/Dam/ long

storage

Identification ,

condition, function,

potential

Bargaining

process dialogue:

Study, FS

Government

policy on water

storage

development

Basin manager DED and

construction

Monitoring

and

evaluation

2 Head work/weir

Identification ,

condition, function

Bargaining

process dialogue :

Study, FS

Agreement to

develop and

construct of

infrastructure

Basin manager Rehabilitation

and upgrading

Monitoring

and

evaluation

3 Irrigation and drainage

channel and structure

Identification ,

condition, function,

losses, slope

stability, channel

lengh, water quality

Bargaining in role

and risk sharing

among

stakeholder

Agreement to

develop and

construct of

infrastructure

Basin manager

Ministry of

Agriculture

WUAS

Rehabilitation

and upgrading

Monitoring

and

evaluation

4 Water measurement

devices

Identification ,

condition , function,

tipe, location

accumulative

structure

Bargaining

process in

selection and

development of

discharge

measurement

devices

Revision on

irrigation design

manual

Directorate of

irrigation and

Low Land, the

ministry of public

work

Developing of

metering

devices and

calibration.

Monitoring

and

evaluation

PILLAR III:

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT

NO SUBSTANCE OF

MODERNIZATION

PHASE

ACCOUNTING BARGAINING CODIFICATION DELEGATION ENGINEERING FEEDBACK

1 Water Requirement Type of crops,

Evapotranspiration,

Percolation, Infiltration ,

Effective Rainfall

Transaction between

irrigation management

provider and user

about plan/planting

pattern and LoS

Global crop

planting plan,

Detail crop planting

plan, planting

calendar (Regency

decision)

WUA’S,

Extension

worker,

Irrigation

manager

Crop water req.

Model,

SIM of water

resources

management

(ICT on WRM)

Monitoring and

evaluation

2 Water Allocation,

distribution

And Periodic

Assessment

Calculation of water

allocation based on

climate and kind of crop

with 1-3 days scheduling

assessment

Transaction between

irrigation management

provider and user

about plan/planting

pattern and LOS

O&M Manual Modern

Irrigation

Implementer

Unit, MIIU (for

pilot scheme)

Water Allocation,

distribution

Modeling

(ICT of water

resources

management)

Monitoring and

evaluation

3 Water Losses Calculation of efficiency

and losses

Consistence and

continuity

implementation of

O&M

O&M Manual WUA’S

Extension

worker,

Irrigation

manager

Frequencies

observation,

Management

Asset,

Rehabilitation

(ICT on WRM)

Monitoring and

evaluation

4 On farm water

management

Calculation of water

allocation based on

climate and kind of crop

with 1-3 days scheduling

assessment

Transaction of water

used based on crop,

planting time and

irrigation method

O&M Manual

in farm level

WUA’S

Extension

worker,

Irrigation

manager

Crop water req.

Model,

Monitoring and

evaluation

PILLAR IV : INSTITUTIONAL STRENGHTENING

NO SUBSTANCE OF

MODERNIZATION

PHASE

ACCOUNTING BARGAINING CODIFICATION DELEGATION ENGINEERING FEEDBACK

1 MIIU, Irrigation

commission , basin

water management

coordination team

Institutional

performance

Synergy and

commitment of

irrigation

bureaucracy

Government

regulation on

irrigation

institution

DG WR, DG

Land and water,

Governor and

Regent

Structure, order

and function of

organization , load

of work analysis,

ICT

Monitoring

and

evaluation

2 Design & Knowledge

Management Center

Institutional

performance

Commitment to do

knowledge and

experiences sharing

Setting up

learned

organization

DG WR, DG

Land and water,

Governor and

Regent

Setting up

knowledge

management,

ICT

Monitoring

and

evaluation

3 Irrigation and

Agriculture

Empowerment Unit

Institutional

performance and

competence

Commitment to do

empowerment to

WUA’S

Sustainable

Empowerment

process

DG WR, DG

Land and water,

Governor and

Regent

Setting up

sustainability

empowerment unit,

ICT

Monitoring

and

evaluation

4 Irrigation Guard Analysis of

capability to

watch and

inspect

- Commissioning DG WR, DG

Land and water,

Governor and

Regent

Special training on

law enforcement

and investigation

Monitoring

and

evaluation

5 Mobile Maintenance

Unit

Analysis of labor

necessity with

respect to scope

of work

- Commissioning

DG WR, DG

Land and water,

Governor and

Regent

Special training on

chraftsmanship and

workshop

Monitoring

and

evaluation

6 Water User

Association

Analysis of

strengthening

Commitment to

farmer

Strengthening

guideline

DG WR, DG

Land and water,

Governor and

Regent

Strengthening

activity

Monitoring

and

evaluation

PILLAR V :

EMPOWERMENT OF PEOPLE

NO SUBSTANCE OF

MODERNIZATION

PHASE

ACCOUNTING BARGAINING CODIFICATION DELEGATION ENGINEERING FEEDBACK

1 Status, position Importance level

and credit point

- Commissioning

Functional job

Minister of

Bureaucracy

DG WR,

Governor and

Regent

Capacity building

as learned

individual

Monitoring

and

evaluation

2 Training, certification of

competence

Skill level, field

job description

(technical and

managerial)

Training need Commissioning

certificate

competence

Minister of

Bureaucracy

DG WR,

Governor and

Regent

Capacity building

as learned

individual

Monitoring

and

evaluation

3 Recruitment system and

career Planning

(Number and spreading)

Labor necessity

analysis

Political will and

awareness

Recruitment and

Commissioning

Minister of

Bureaucracy

DG WR,

Governor and

Regent

Recruitment

system based on

competence and

necessity

Monitoring

and

evaluation

4 Incentive system

Performance

analysis

Political will and

awareness

Appreciation

Letter

Minister of

Bureaucracy

DG WR,

Governor and

Regent

Calculation of

water productivity

Monitoring

and

evaluation

5 STEPS TO PROCEED

STEP 1

• Applying Modernization of Irrigation Readiness Index by Rapid Apprisal, Applying irrigation asset management to determine LoS, Selection of Priority irrigation scheme to be modernized

STEP 2

• Public consultation synchronizing program between government and farmers aspiration

STEP 3

• Setting up agreement among stakeholders role and risk sharing

STEP 4

• Setting up system planning of the modernization of irrigation in the pilot scheme

STEP 5

• Lesson learned from the pilot scheme to be implemented in the selected irrigation scheme

Technology

Institution and human resources

Financing system

Strategy

Mindset changing

Environments

THE THREE IMPLEMENTATION DOMAINS OF

THE MODERNIZATION OF IRRIGATION IN INDONESIA

Mindset changing

Mindset changing

Environments

STRATEGY

1 • Selection of the pilot scheme with criteria : central

government authority and served by dam

2 • Pilot scheme use one scheme as whole

3

• Learning process from the pilot scheme

• Bargaining between irrigation manager and policy maker

4

• Setting up government policy on modernization of irrigation

• Commissioning

THANK YOU

ขั้นตอน

TERIMA KASIH