Connected to the Civil WarIn Arkansas

The Civil War in Arkansas

The controversies over the rights of states and the issue of slavery erupted into the Civil War in 1861Abraham Lincoln was elected president in late

1860○ He favored keeping the Union together at all costs○ He was against slavery

Things were in a big mess!!!!!

What people were important or notable in Civil War Arkansas?

The focus will be on seven men who impacted Arkansas history during the Civil WarIdentify which ones were pro-ConfederacyIdentify which ones were pro-UnionWhy was each man important or notable when

referring to the Civil War in Arkansas?

How did James Blunt affect Arkansas during the Civil War?

James Blunt was born in Maine

His first job was as a sailor

He next became the captain of a ship

Later Blunt became a doctor

He moved to Kansas and was involved in the anti-slavery movement

James Blunt

Blunt was given the rank of general during the Civil War

-his troops were also composed of Cherokee, Creek and Seminole native Americans

He participated in the following battles in Arkansas: Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, Devil’s Backbone, Boston Mountains and Van Buren.

-at the Battle of Prairie Grove, Blunt’s troops arrived just in time to save the day for his side

James Blunt

So, on which side was Blunt? Confederate or Union?

After the war James Blunt returned to Kansas,

practiced medicine and became an attorney. He was a very busy man!

Did you know which side he was on? You can’t say in the middle!!!!

David O. Dodd

David Owen Dodd was born in Texas but later moved to Arkansas with his family

He has been called the “boy martyr”*of the Confederacy because he was executed as a spy when he was seventeen.

*A martyr is someone who dies for their beliefs

David O. Dodd

David was arrested as a Confederate spy when he was discovered carrying military information about Union troops (it was written in Morse Code!)

He was tried and found guilty of spying for the Confederacy

Dodd was hung at Little Rock, January, 1864

He is buried in Mt. Holly Cemetery located in Little Rock

This elementary school was named for David O. Dodd

Harris Flanagin

Harris Flanagin was elected the 7th governor of Arkansas amid the Civil War After Little Rock was taken by

Union troops he moved the Confederate Arkansas capital to the town of Washington in Hempstead County

He is the only governor to govern in exile! (or was it the “X” file???)

Flanagin

Before the Civil War, Flanagin was a teacher and then an attorney

He was elected to the Arkansas Secession Convention in 1861He called himself a

“reluctant secessionist”

Flanagin participated in the following battles in Arkansas: Wilson’s Creek and Pea Ridge

On what side was Flanagin? Confederate or Union? (how can you tell????)

Thomas Hindman

Lawyer, soldier and U.S. Congressman-- Thomas Hindman was all three things before the Civil War

Hindman supported slavery and state’s rights

Thomas Hindman

He became the military commander of the area west of the Mississippi River

At the Battle of Prairie Grove, Hindman was the leader of Confederate troops

Thomas Hindman

The Battle of Prairie Grove was officially a draw or tie between the Confederates and the Union troops but the Union troops took control of the area as a result

General Hindman was killed in Helena in 1868 by an unknown assailant. The murder was never solved (talk about a COLD case!)

Isaac Murphy

Isaac Murphy was the Eighth governor of ArkansasHe was elected during

the Civil War after the Union troops took over the capital city of Little Rock

He had been a teacher and a lawyer

Isaac Murphy

Why was Murphy elected governor at this time?He was against slaveryHe was the only delegate to the Arkansas

Convention that voted against secession! (now

that takes some nerve!

He had political experience

Murphy

As governor, Murphy was generous in his treatment of former Confederates

He was a great advocate or supporter of education while governor (don’t you appreciate him??!!!)

Albert Pike

Albert Pike may have had a lot of hair, but he also had a large brain!

Pike was a teacher, poet, writer, newspaper editor, politician, lawyer, soldier, soldier, Indian Commissioner and a Mason! (that was a mouthful!)

Albert Pike

Since he had experience working with the Native Americans and knew many of their dialects, Pike was appointed Confederate general in the Indian Territory

Albert Pike was pro-slavery and state’s rights Pike led the Native Americans he recruited at the Battle of Pea Ridge.

Controversy surrounded some methods used by his troops.He resigned his commission and became a private citizen for the remainder of the war

Pike

Pike became very important in the FreemasonsHe is the only Confederate general with a statue

in Washington, D.C.○ It was erected in his honor by the Freemasons

Earl Van Dorn

Earl Van Dorn

An Indian fighter and Mexican war veteran is the description of professional soldier, Earl Van Dorn!

When the Civil War began, he joined the Confederate armyHe was given the rank of general

Van Dorn

Van Dorn was in charge of the Confederate troops at the Battle of Pea RidgeConfederates lost this battleAfter the battle he was transferred to

Mississippi. He took the majority of his troops with him. This left the state of Arkansas virtually defenseless! (Arkansans were NOT happy)

Van Dorn

Van Dorn was killed By a jealous husband

In May, 1863

????

Review! Match the description with the picture!

I was governor of Arkansas during the Civil War. In fact I am the only Arkansas governor that led the state in exile!

Albert Pike

Harris Flanagin

Review- Match the person with the description

A professional soldier, I led Confederate troops at the Battle of Pea Ridge. My side lost! Albert

Pike

Earl Van Dorn

Review

I was governor of Arkansas during the Civil War. I did not believe in slavery and I voted against secession from the United States

Isaac Murphy

BHarris Flanagin

Review

I was a supporter of slavery and state’s rights.

Before the Civil War I served in the U.S. Congress

I led the Confederate troops at the Battle

of Prairie Grove

Thomas Hindman

James Blunt

Review

I was 17 when I was executed for being a Confederate spy. My burial location is Mt. Holly Cemetery in Little Rock

Albert Pike

David O. Dodd

Review

I was a ship’s captain, a doctor, lawyer and very much against slavery. My troops won battles in Arkansas. We were heroes at the Battle of Prairie Grove!

Isaac Murphy

James Blunt

And one more to review!

I recruited and led Native American troops for the ConfederacyMy troops fought at the

Battle of Prairie GroveThere is a statue of me

Washington, D.C.

Albert Pike

Thomas Hindman

And more!

This ends the Civil War figures associated with the Arkansas frameworks.

Continue to see two other notable people of the Civil War in Arkansas!

Stand Watie (1806-1871)A controversial leader of the Cherokee Nation, Watie was commissioned as a colonel in the Confederate army in 1861.

Watie was responsible

for signing the document that led to the Trail of Tears for his people.

Stand Watie

Watie took part in the Battle of Pea Ridge with Major General Earl Van Dorn. In fact, his troops allowed the Confederates to withdraw after loosing the battle!

An interesting note is that Stand Watie was the only Native American to rise to the rank of brigadier general in the Civil War. He was also the last Confederate general in the field to surrender.

Susan Cook (1842-1912)

Susan Cook was the daughter of a plantation owner in Phillips County, Arkansas. She was nineteen when the war began.

Susan kept a dairy during the Civil War. It tells us what she and people of Arkansas and the Confederacy were thinking during the Civil War.

No image is available of Susan Cook

Why is her diary important?

Her diary is a primary sourcePrimary sources or documents give firsthand

information or one could say from the “horses mouth”!○ At first Miss Cook was optimistic about the

Confederacy winning the war but as the war progressed she saw that the Confederacy could not win.

These were notable people of the Civil War in Arkansas!!!