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ComponentsComponents

EsophagusEsophagus StomachStomach Small IntestineSmall Intestine Large IntestineLarge Intestine Gall bladderGall bladder LiverLiver PancreasPancreas

Functions of Digestive Functions of Digestive SystemSystem

1.Breaks down food into molecules the body can use.

2.Molecules (glucose) are absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body.

3.Wastes are eliminated from the body through urine and feces.

How is food digested?How is food digested?

Digestion involves:Digestion involves:

Breaking down of food into smaller piecesBreaking down of food into smaller pieces The mixing of foodThe mixing of food Movement through the digestive tractMovement through the digestive tract Chemical breakdown of the large Chemical breakdown of the large

molecules of food into smaller molecules. molecules of food into smaller molecules.

2 kinds of Digestion2 kinds of Digestion

Mechanical Digstion - Foods are physically broken down into smaller pieces

Ex. Biting into a sandwich and breaking it into smaller pieces.

Chemical Digestion- chemicals such a enzymes produced by the body break foods into smaller chemical building blocks. Ex: The starch in bread is broken down into individual sugar molecules.

Both mechanical and chemical Digestion begins in mouth.

Describe the digestive Describe the digestive systemsystem

The digestive tract is a series of The digestive tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a tube from hollow organs joined in a tube from the mouth to the anus. Food passes the mouth to the anus. Food passes through the digestive tract.through the digestive tract.

Accessory organs include the liver, Accessory organs include the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas. Foods do gall bladder, and pancreas. Foods do not pass through these organs.not pass through these organs.

Absorption and EliminationAbsorption and Elimination

Nutrients pass through the walls of your digestive system into your blood. Materials that are NOT absorbed, such as fiber, are eliminated from the body as wastes.

Identify the organs of the Identify the organs of the digestive systemdigestive system

Identify and tell the function of Identify and tell the function of each part of the digestive each part of the digestive

systemsystemMouthMouth

Teeth bite off and chew food into a Teeth bite off and chew food into a soft pulp that is easy to swallow. soft pulp that is easy to swallow.

Chewing mixes the food with saliva, Chewing mixes the food with saliva, from salivary glands around the from salivary glands around the mouth and face, to make it moist and mouth and face, to make it moist and easy to swallow.easy to swallow.


systemsystemMouthMouth

Enzymes in the Enzymes in the saliva begin saliva begin digestion of digestion of carbohydrates.carbohydrates.


systemsystemEsophagusEsophagus

The esophagus is a muscular tube. It The esophagus is a muscular tube. It takes food from the throat and takes food from the throat and pushes it down through the neck, pushes it down through the neck, and into the stomach. and into the stomach.

It moves food by waves of muscle It moves food by waves of muscle contraction called peristalsis.contraction called peristalsis.

Stomach

Esophagus


systemsystemStomachStomach

The stomach has thick muscles in its The stomach has thick muscles in its wall. These contract to mash the food wall. These contract to mash the food into a water soup called chyme. into a water soup called chyme.

The stomach lining produces strong The stomach lining produces strong digestive juices that contains the pepsin digestive juices that contains the pepsin enzyme. enzyme.

Most mechanical digestion and some Most mechanical digestion and some chemical digestion occurs in stomachchemical digestion occurs in stomach


systemsystem

StomachStomach These create chemical reactions in the These create chemical reactions in the

stomach, breaking down and dissolving its stomach, breaking down and dissolving its nutrients. nutrients.

Stomach contains a HCL, a strong acid, that Stomach contains a HCL, a strong acid, that aids in breaking down proteins into amino aids in breaking down proteins into amino acids.acids.


systemsystemSmall IntestineSmall Intestine This part of the digestive tract is This part of the digestive tract is

narrow, but very long - about 20 feet. narrow, but very long - about 20 feet.

Enzymes continue the chemical Enzymes continue the chemical reactions on the food. reactions on the food.


systemsystemSmall IntestineSmall Intestine The nutrients are broken down small The nutrients are broken down small

enough to pass through the lining of enough to pass through the lining of the small intestine, and into the blood the small intestine, and into the blood (diffusion). (diffusion).

Nutrients are carried away to the liver Nutrients are carried away to the liver and other body parts to be processed, and other body parts to be processed, stored and distributed.stored and distributed.


systemsystem

Large IntestineLarge Intestine

Useful substances that were not Useful substances that were not absorbed in the small intestine, absorbed in the small intestine, such as spare water and body such as spare water and body minerals, are absorbed through the minerals, are absorbed through the walls of the large intestine, back walls of the large intestine, back into the blood. into the blood.


systemsystem

Large IntestineLarge Intestine

The remains are formed into The remains are formed into brown, semi-solid feces, ready to brown, semi-solid feces, ready to be removed from the body be removed from the body


systemsystem


systemsystemRectum and AnusRectum and Anus

The end of the large intestine and the The end of the large intestine and the next part of the tract, the rectum, next part of the tract, the rectum, store the feces. store the feces.

Feces are finally squeezed through a Feces are finally squeezed through a ring of muscle, the anus, and out of ring of muscle, the anus, and out of the body.the body.


systemsystemPancreasPancreas

The pancreas, like the stomach, The pancreas, like the stomach, makes digestive juices called makes digestive juices called enzymes which help to digest food enzymes which help to digest food further as it enters the small further as it enters the small intestines. intestines.


systemsystem

Gall BladderGall Bladder

A small baglike part under the liver.A small baglike part under the liver.

It stores a fluid called bile, which is It stores a fluid called bile, which is made in the liver. made in the liver.


systemsystemLiverLiver

- produces - produces bilebile to to breaks up fatsbreaks up fats

Blood from the Blood from the intestines enters to intestines enters to the liver, carrying the liver, carrying nutrients, vitamins nutrients, vitamins and minerals, and and minerals, and other products other products from digestion. from digestion.


systemsystemLiverLiver

- largest organ inside of the body- largest organ inside of the body The liver is like a food-processing The liver is like a food-processing

factory with more than 200 different factory with more than 200 different jobs. It stores some nutrients, jobs. It stores some nutrients, changes them from one form to changes them from one form to another, and releases them into the another, and releases them into the blood according to the activities and blood according to the activities and needs of the body.needs of the body.


systemsystemGall BladderGall Bladder

As food from a meal As food from a meal enters the small enters the small intestine, bile flows intestine, bile flows from the gall bladder from the gall bladder along the bile duct into along the bile duct into the intestine. the intestine.

It helps to digest fatty It helps to digest fatty foods and also contains foods and also contains wastes for removal. wastes for removal.

Gall Bladder

Gall BladderGall Bladder Storage tank for bile (a greenish-Storage tank for bile (a greenish-

yellow liquid) that helps your body yellow liquid) that helps your body break down and use fatsbreak down and use fats

Located under your liverLocated under your liver

Shaped like a pearShaped like a pear

PancreasPancreas Helps you digest Helps you digest

food by breaking food by breaking down sugarsdown sugars

Produces enzymes Produces enzymes that flow into small that flow into small intestines to break intestines to break down starches, down starches, proteins, and fatsproteins, and fats

Small Intestine

Small IntestineSmall Intestine Tube that is 20 feet long.Tube that is 20 feet long.

Most chemical digestion and Most chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients takes absorption of nutrients takes place here.place here.

Food stays in your small intestine Food stays in your small intestine for 4 to 8 hoursfor 4 to 8 hours

Large IntestineLarge Intestine Tube that is 1.5 meters long.; colon is a Tube that is 1.5 meters long.; colon is a

part of large intestine.part of large intestine.

Gets waste from small intestine; water is Gets waste from small intestine; water is absorbed into the blood stream.absorbed into the blood stream.

The remaining material is readied for The remaining material is readied for elimination though the rectum and out the elimination though the rectum and out the anus.anus.

Waste stays for 10 to 12 hoursWaste stays for 10 to 12 hours

Large Intestine

components esophagus esophagus stomach stomach small intestine small intestine large intestine large...

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