colonial america
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Colonial America. Commonalities, Conflicts and Commerce in Early America . English Takeover. PROBLEM Dutch settlers in the middle c olonies were geographically divisive to New England and the Southern English colonies SOLUTION A not so hostile takeover - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Colonial AmericaCommonalities, Conflicts and Commerce
in Early America
English Takeover PROBLEM
› Dutch settlers in the middle colonies were geographically divisive to New England and the Southern English colonies
SOLUTION› A not so hostile takeover
Duke of York’s ships show up and the Dutch surrender
The groundwork for original 13 colonies is set
Commonalities Varying religions and backgrounds of
colonists led to an attitude that aimed at tolerance for Christian religions as well as Jews› Some early conflicts between Protestants
and Catholics did occur, but eventually settled out
Each colony also had some form of government, and most had a representative government
How did these contribute to an American Identity?
Conflicts Many of the conflicts that arose out of
the early colonies arose from injustices › Native Americans› Slaves
Others arose out of taxes and other economic issues› Nathanial Bacon
Native Americans and Colonists
Early colonists at times depended on Native Americans for survival
As colonies developed, the European population of North America grew, and began to infringe on many Native Americans way of life
SlaveryLand OwnershipOver fishing, hunting, farming
King Philip’s War Metacom, known as King Philip to the
colonists, led an uprising against the colonists› Too much European influence› Disagreement over land use
Metacom’s tribe, the Wampanoag, along with other tribes attacked over forty towns
Colonists banded together along with friendly Native American tribes to defeat Metacom, resulting in further expansion into Native American Lands
King Philip (cont.) Colonists banded together along with
friendly Native American tribes to defeat Metacom, resulting in further expansion into Native American Lands› Many of the defeated Native Americans
were sold into slavery
Plantations in the South Southern climate was prime for
growing cash crops Southern farmers established very
large farms known as plantations› Plantation owners were society’s upper
class› Owners hired out work, acted as nobility› Much of the “hired” help were slaves
WHY SLAVERY
Where Did They Live?
Plantations Slavery via Africans was the preferred
method because› Native Americans were plagued by disease› Native Americans were able to escape
from capture relatively easy› Native Americans had family connections
and societal ties that allowed for better defense against captors
***ARTICLES/SOCRATIC CIRCLES***
Slavery Africans already knew how to do much
of the labor required on plantations African slaves also didn’t have the
support systems or family connections to escape easily
Because of the nature of the slave trade, not all slaves even spoke the same language, making unity amongst slaves difficult
Stono Rebellion To combat slavery, many slaves
purposely worked slowly, broke tools, and were defiant
Although the English owned much of the colonies in present day U.S., Spain was still in control of what is now Florida and didn’t allow slavery
Stono Rebellion (cont) In 1739, 20 slaves gathered to march
south killing planters along the way while looking for other slaves to join their march
The rebellion grew to 100 strong, killing 20 planters and burning 7 plantations
The rebellion was eventually put down and those slaves who did not get killed in battle were surrounded and executed
Slave Codes Events like the Stono Rebellion
convinced southern planters they needed a stricter set of laws for slaves› Slaves couldn’t leave without written
permission› Slaves couldn’t meet with free blacks› Slaves were not allowed to read
Treatment of slaves became more inhumane as laws such as these were passed
Bacon’s Rebellion Nathanial Bacon was a former
indentured servant who had been living on the frontier
Frontier farmers along with Bacon began to complain to Virginia’s Governor William Berkeley about the number of Native American attacks on the frontier and the lack of protection provided by the Government
Bacon’s Rebellion Bacon and the frontiersmen who
supported him were landless and felt Berkeley supported only the rich plantation owners
Bacon and his followers rebelled and burned much of Jamestown to the ground while taking control of the House of Burgesses
Berkeley eventually hanged 23 of Bacon’s followers after the rebellion ended
Bacon’s Rebellion After the rebellion, King Charles
removed Berkeley from the Governor’s office
The House of Burgesses passed laws to prevent the Royal Governor from taking too much power.
Commonalities in Rebellion Each rebellion affected the attitudes of
colonists› Metacom – Expansion into Native lands› Stono – Stricter Slave Codes› Bacon – Governmental Checks against
tyranny