Cold War

Cold War1945-1991Truman Years1945-1952

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World War One

World War 2

Cold War : 1945-1991

One time allies become enemies !

Cold War Communism VS. Capitalism USSR VS. USA and allies China North Korea

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Goals of USA after WW II 1. Spread democracy i.e. allow for self-determination2. Rebuild western EuropeMarshall Plan3. Reunite Germany4. CONTAINMENT of Communism

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Goals of Russian Communists1. Spread communism to other countries

2. control Eastern Europe

3. punish Germany and keep it weak

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Joseph Stalin (click here)

Iron Curtain Speech: Winston Churchill (click here)

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A VERY Young Stalin

Communist LEADERS Karl Marx / Freidrich Engles / Vladimir Lenin

Joseph Stalin / Chairman Mao

Communist SYMBOLHammer and Sickle

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President TRUMAN:USA in 1945

Adopts a policy of CONTAINMENT to stop the spread of Communism.USA and Allies occupy western Europe and WEST BERLIN.

Korean War

Truman DoctrineAimed to Stopping spread of Communism$400 million to TURKEY and GREECE WHY? Keep countries from becoming Communist

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Marshall Plan

USAs economic effort to rebuild Western Europe. Why? To contain the spread of Communism in Western Europe after WW 2

Marshall Plan Secretary of State George Marshall1947-1951 USA spent $13 billion to rebuild Europe

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Berlin Airlift1948-1949

USAs response to Russian blockade of Berlin.USA flies supplies to WEST BERLIN 1948-1949.

Soviets tried to force Americans OUT of Berlin

USA wins

Germany after WW II Divided into 4 zonesUSA -

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Berlin Airlift 1948-1949Russians block off land access to Berlin

Click Here

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from June 24, 1948, when the Soviet Union closed off road and rail access to Berlin, until the roads were opened on May 12, 1949.

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USA was the lone nuclear superpower until 1949

The Arms Race:A Missile Gap?

The Soviet Union exploded its first Atomic bomb in 1949.How did they catch up so quickly ???

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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Convicted of Espionage Spied for the RussiansStole Atomic bomb secretsExecuted in 1953

Red Scare (ii): 1947-1954

Search for Communist spies in USALed by Senator Joe McCarthyWhat drove the FEAR?1. China becomes Communist in 19492. Russia gets a nuclear bomb3. North Korea invades South Korea4. And yes, there were Communist spies in the govt. Examples include The ROSENBERGS and a guy named Alger Hiss (well get to him soon)

Red Scare (ii): 1947-1954

While there were spies, McCarthy abused power in his quest.Citizens Civil Rights often abusedAccurately called a Witch Hunt for suspected Communists in the USA.Click here.

Who were these people and how were they connected?Alger HissWhittaker ChambersRichard Nixon

Click here

CIA: Central Intelligence Agency / SpiesStarted during Truman YearsCIA helps IRAN (1953) and puts Shah in powerGuatemala (1954)Conducts spy work throughout the world to stop communism

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USA & USSR: Two Scorpions in a bottle 1949 USSR successfully tests its own Nuclear bombUSA and USSR start the ARMS RACEEach tries to outdo each others nuclear weapons arsenal

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South KoreaChina becomes Communist in 1949 under Chairman Mao

Communist North Korea invades South Korea.1950

Maos Revolution: 1949

Click Here

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Red ChinaMao-Zedong and Chinese Communist take over in 1949

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Cold War Around the WorldChinas Nationalist led by Chiang Kai-shek lose Chinese Civil War and flee to Taiwan in 1949

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Cold War Heats UpKorean War 1950-1953North Korea CommunistSouth Korea backed by USA

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Korean War 1950-1953Surprise attack by North almost defeats SouthGeneral MacArthur conducts surprise attack at INCHONSept. 1950

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Korean War Chinese back North Koreans 300,000 Chinese fight UN and USA troopsMacArthur wanted to Attack China

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Korean War: Truman sacks MacArthur US troops too close to the YALU river for the ChineseTruman did not want to start WW III MacArthur forced to retire.

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Truce signed 195338th Parallel divides Korea to this dayWar not officially overNorth Korea still communist

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How many Americans died fighting in the Korean War?

38th Parallel DMZ: Demilitarized Zone

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The USA keeps about 30,000 troops in South Korea to protect them from the Communists in the North who want to invadeTECHNICALLY,..Officially.THE KOREAN WAR is NOT over.Hillary Clinton visiting the DMZ

Korean War monument in DC

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