coastal monitoring buoys

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PENTAIR ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Real time early warning monitoring systems for the coastal environment. 1

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Monitor coastal water quality and sea state conditions in real time with Pentair's Buoy mounted measurement system. Capable of measuring physical conditions, biological activity, nutrient concentrations or detect pollution, along with tides, currents, waves and meteorological conditions. Transmit the measurements in real time to a control centre running hydrodynamic models for forecasting, or broadcast measured information on the Aides to Navigation (AtoN) subset of the global AIS network. The platform integrates safety and security measures to protect against theft and damage while protecting on-board instruments against degradation due to fouling, extending the time between maintenance visits Identify and prevent problems that a spot sampling program cannot detect

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Page 1: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

Real time early warning monitoring systems for the coastal environment.

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Page 2: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Who are Pentair Environmental Systems?

2

Flood Warning

Systems

Irrigation

Solutions

Hydrographic &

Water Quality

Coastal

Monitoring

Water Infrastructure

Monitoring

Aquaculture

Page 3: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Example Projects

3

Environment Canada Hydrometric Network

Malaysian SMART Tunnel and Disaster Recovery System

Yangtze River 3 Gorges Dam

Khuzestan Water Quality Initiative

Singapore Project

Neptune

Several Hundred Projects in Australia

Kenya Hydrometric Network

Singapore Overflow Network

Brisbane City Flood Warning System

Yantai Fisheries

Page 4: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR 4

Why Monitor?

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

Page 5: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

“Algae invade China Olympics”

BBC News

“A Green Threat to the Olympics”TIME Magazine

Insitu monitoring provides

• Better understanding of natural temporal variation

• Early detection of potential problems

• Ability to model and forecast the movement andscale of the problem

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Page 6: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Weekly SamplingDaily SamplingContinuous Monitoring

Sampling can not beat continuous monitoring

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Conductivity (µS/cm)

Turbidity (NTU)

Temperature(⁰C)

Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L)

A small trend?

A significant event!Is something here?A significant event!

Large diurnal range

Page 7: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Identify What Problems? The system can identify:

• Potential fish kills from lack of oxygen

• Nutrients overload that lead to blue green algae

• Oil spills or chemical releases

• Weather events that transport problems

• Sea conditions that increase accident risks

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Page 8: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Part of a complete solution • Real time monitoring complements

laboratory analysis

• Early warning

• Monitoring + modelling provides forecasts

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Page 9: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR 9

• Spot sampling locations

• Buoy mounted stations

• Current direction

• Wind direction

• Oil spill occurs

• Detection Occurs

• For an online system,

detection occurs when

concentration > minimum

detection level

• Months may occur before

a spot sample program

detects a problem

Oil Spill Scenario

Page 10: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Singapore’s $4m Project Neptune

• To detect and model the exact problem demonstrated on previous slide

• 8 buoy mounted early detection systems

• Specified on the same equipment supplied here

• Modelling and consulting expertise from Dutch firm Deltares

• Provide current warning and 6, 12 & 24 hour forecasts of transport

• Implementation Now

Confidential Information – not for distribution Slide 10Greenspan

Page 11: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Channel News Asia

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Page 12: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

What can be measured?

Water Quality

• Physical: Temperature, Sedimentation, Salinity, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Turbidity, Dissolved organic matter

• Nutrients: Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia, Phosphate

• Biological: Chlorophyll, Blue-Green & Total Algae

• Pollutants: Crude & Refined oil, Heavy Metals

• Samples: Automatically collect for laboratory analysis

Meteorological

• Air Temperature & Relative Humidity, Photo-synthetically Active Radiation (PAR), Rainfall, Water Temperature, Wind, Visibility, Lightning Strikes

Water Movement

• Tide, currents, waves, swell

Site Security

• Intrusion detection, position, theft detection, CCTV

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Page 13: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Available Mounting Options

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The mounting should be the most stable and accessible platform available in the area of interest. The order of preference is:

1st: Shore Based 2nd: Channel Marker 3rd: Buoy

Page 14: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

How we used to measure

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Look at all the instruments mounted along the mooring line.

1) Expensive

2) Subject to fouling

Page 15: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Now we sample inside the buoy

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Intake Select Valve

Surface Intake

Bottom Intake

PeristalticPump

Physical Parameters

Biology & Pollutants

Nutrient Analyser

Bypassvalve

Release valves

• Protect the instruments from fouling

• Low pump velocity to not disturb sample

• Copper nose cone to prevent algae and crustacean growth

• Additional sampling depths with extra intake

• Redundant intake linesincase of blockage

• Selectable intakes• Pump run in reverse to

purge intakes of blockages

Middle Intake

Redundant Intake

Page 16: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Reduced Maintenance, Better Measurements

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Intake Select Valve

Surface Intake

Bottom Intake

PeristalticPump

Physical Parameters

Biology & Pollutants

Nutrient Analyser

Bypassvalve

Release valves

• Multiple instruments integrated in single sampling system

• All instruments protected out of the water

• Reduced cleaning:• No light in sampling

system• Drained between

measurements

Page 17: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

No bio-fouling

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• Factors:

– Copper intake

–No light in system enclosure

–Draining between samples

• Reduced drift, offset and failures due to bio-fouling

Instrument condition

Before field use

90 days in a sampler system

90 days in open water

Page 18: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

No bio-fouling

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From an intake tube at 0.5m after 1 year of operation

– Some growth on the external rubber surface

– The tube is in pristine condition from the very end

Page 19: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR 19

90 day monitoring period

Instrument in sampling systemInstrument in open waterValidation measurement

Good initial agreementOpen water instrument

problems around 30 days

Open water instrumentcompletely fails @ 55 days

Sampling system instrument still accurately recording

after 90 days

Example Data - Chlorophyll

Page 20: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

90 day monitoring period

Instrument in sampling systemInstrument in open waterValidation measurement

Initial agreement

Problems after 18 days

Open water instrumentcompletely fails @ 35 days

Sampling system instrument still accurately recording

after 90 days

Some parameters (Temp, EC) are fouling resistant, others (DO, Chlorophyll, Nutrients) have very short deployment times

without a protection system such as that used in the sampling system

Example Data - Turbidity

Page 21: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Advantage: No Divers Required

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• All equipment serviced from the surface

• No divers, meaning:

– Cost effective

– Safer

–Quicker

–All weather access

• Can service multiple stations per day rather than multiple days per station!

Page 22: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR 22

In publically released tender pricing for Project Neptune, the operation & maintenance cost for a Greenspan system was 12% of the upfront cost. Our nearest competitor was 28%, equivalent to buying a whole new system every 4 years

BETTER DATA, CHEAPER TO OWN

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

Page 23: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Advantage: Easy to Expand

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• Easy to add:

–Additional parameters

–Automated sample collection system from any depth

–Video surveillance triggered by measurements

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PENTAIR

Advantage: Future-Proof

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• Because the instruments are all in a linear flow through system, single instruments may be replaced or added as available. For instance, heavy metals now available using DNA testing

Page 25: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Advantage: Survives Freezing

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• Traditional In-situ water quality instruments require being removed during freezing conditions for protection

• As there is no water kept inside the sample system, the system can operate right up to freezing conditions, with no labour required to stop or start the seasonal operation

Page 26: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR 26

Recent Enhancements

(What’s new)

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

Page 27: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Less Interference

While instrument manufacturers never said it, Chl-A and Blue Green Algae suffered from interference (false readings) due to Dissolved Organic Matter

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DOM increases significantly at a

thermocline

Older instruments show a false increase in Chl-a due to DOM

The new instrument shows that Chl-a does not actually change as it is not

interfered by DOM

Page 28: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Optical Nitrate

Historically

• The only method for nutrients in salt water (where ISE probes do not work) has been wet chemistry.

• Wet chemistry requires extensive maintenance, handling of chemicals and provides data that requires long analysis times (15min), erratic or noisy measurements and insensitive to low concentrations

Now

• A UV spectroscopy method is available

• 0.007 to 56 mg/L-N, with up to 0.03mg/L accuracy

• Long deployment times

• Removes the last instrument that needed monthly maintenance

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Page 29: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Present Weather (Visibility)• Laser based sensor capable of determining precipitation and visibility parameters,

including size and velocity of drizzle, rain, snow and hail

• Determines visibility values for up to 10km with an accuracy of ±10%

• Outputs Aide To Navigation (AtoN), WMO SYNOP, WMO METAR or NWS message formats

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Page 30: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Lightning Detection• StrikeGuard SG000 is an optical-coincidence sensor that detects actual

cloud-cloud and cloud-ground strikes within a 20 mile radius

• Classifies distance to strike into 3 categories, near (within 5miles), mid (5 to 10miles) and far (up to 20 miles)

• To prevent false alarms, the sensor requires an optical signal to coincide with a magnetic field charge signal before reporting lightning

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Page 31: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR

Navigation Safety• Tides, currents, waves, swell, ice, visibility, winds, air pressure, rainfall. All important

parameters can be broadcast to all passing vessels fitted with an AIS transceiver to aid navigation in difficult conditions, helping to reduce accidents

• Any Pentair buoy system can be upgraded to broadcast measured information with an AIS AtoN (Aide to Navigation) transceiver

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Page 32: Coastal Monitoring Buoys

PENTAIR 32

Reference projects:

- Singapore’s national early warning system

- Shandong (China) regional monitoring system

- Perth (Australia) desalination plant outfall monitoring

- Indonesia’s Marine Electronic Highway

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS