Cloud foundationsCloud foundationsWhat you What you needneed to know to knowabout on-demand computingabout on-demand computing

What is the cloud?What is the cloud?

http://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2008/04_01/tornadoDM3030a_800x533.jpg

Utility computingUtility computing

Pay as you goPay as you goAbstraction of platform from infrastructureAbstraction of platform from infrastructureDynamic scaling without physical interventionDynamic scaling without physical interventionSubscriber sandboxingSubscriber sandboxing

Lots of definitionsLots of definitions

Managed hostingManaged hostingVirtualizationVirtualizationGrid computingGrid computing

Major Major types of types of cloudcloud

http://www.eo.ucar.edu/webweather/cloud3.html

Component vs. serviceComponent vs. service

WebWeb ApAppp

DBDB

DBDBApAppp

ApAppp

StoragStoragee

serviceservicess

CodeCodeStorageStorageLayouLayou

tt AuthAuthCloud APIsCloud APIs

OtherOtherservicesservices

VMVM VMVM

VMVM VMVM VMVM

VMVM

AppAppclustercluster

Add instances to growAdd instances to grow

Rewrite for scalabilityRewrite for scalability

StorageStorageservicesservices

Centralized vs. Centralized vs. distributeddistributed

AmazonAmazon AT&TAT&T

Agnostic vs. partisanAgnostic vs. partisanNing wants to be Ning wants to be a social networka social networkWebex wants to Webex wants to collaboratecollaborateSalesforce wants Salesforce wants to be a CRMto be a CRMQuickbase wants Quickbase wants to be SMBto be SMB

Open vs. closedOpen vs. closed

PortabilityPortabilityOpen sourceOpen source

Clouds make great Clouds make great sensesense

Vastly superior economicsVastly superior economicsBetter practices for dynamic workloadsBetter practices for dynamic workloadsExpertise in dynamic capacity Expertise in dynamic capacity managementmanagementConsumption-based cost trackingConsumption-based cost tracking

James Staten, Forrester, March 2008James Staten, Forrester, March 2008

There’s money to be There’s money to be hadhad

AWS uses more bandwidth than Amazon.comAWS uses more bandwidth than Amazon.comHosted apps were a $3.95B market in 2007Hosted apps were a $3.95B market in 2007

IDC, quoted by Thomas Weisel partners, April 2008IDC, quoted by Thomas Weisel partners, April 2008

A $100B opportunityA $100B opportunityMerrill Lynch, May 2008Merrill Lynch, May 2008

But enterprises lagBut enterprises lag

Pay-as-you-go looks Pay-as-you-go looks great to cash-poor great to cash-poor startupsstartups

Unknown/variableUnknown/variable Known/fixedKnown/fixed

VariableVariable

So what’s stopping the So what’s stopping the enterprise?enterprise?

Performance & Performance & availabilityavailability

Privacy and securityPrivacy and security

Questions over storageQuestions over storageWhere are you keeping all this?Where are you keeping all this?

Third-party accessThird-party accessWho else is reading it?Who else is reading it?

Some truth, some fictionSome truth, some fiction

Legislation and Legislation and compliancecompliance

What ethical responsibilities do cloud operators What ethical responsibilities do cloud operators have?have?

Wiretapping?Wiretapping?Patriot Act?Patriot Act?Privacy and geographic boundaries?Privacy and geographic boundaries?

Can a company properly track all activity if it Can a company properly track all activity if it happens in a cloud?happens in a cloud?

Do you really want to Do you really want to give users unlimited give users unlimited access?access?

http://debroffdebrief.clubmom.com/debroff_debrief/2007/04/dont_forget_to_.html

Lock-inLock-in

FormalFormal

Proprietary APIs Proprietary APIs and languagesand languages

InformalInformalI can’t build it I can’t build it

myself even if I myself even if I want towant to

Can I keep my toys?Can I keep my toys?

Either pay the legacy Either pay the legacy taxtaxOr rewrite the appsOr rewrite the apps

Rewriting forRewriting fora services a services cloudcloud

Cost of development, testingCost of development, testingService interruptionService interruptionMigrationMigrationExpected lifespan of the appExpected lifespan of the app

http://flickr.com/photos/7989285@N07/1794264347/

Management Management issuesissues

The “pull the plug” testThe “pull the plug” testManagement not part of Management not part of many cloud offeringsmany cloud offerings

Some exceptions, some Some exceptions, some investments by cloudsinvestments by clouds

Licensing, accounting, Licensing, accounting, audit remain challengesaudit remain challenges

http://flickr.com/photos/vespa_gt/522067424/

Virtual private cloudsVirtual private cloudsBest of both worlds?Best of both worlds?Policy-based deployment of Policy-based deployment of VMsVMs

Capacity of private systemsCapacity of private systemsSensitivity of dataSensitivity of dataRequired performance & Required performance & availability of the appavailability of the appExpected lifespan of the VMExpected lifespan of the VM

Call this “cloudbursting”Call this “cloudbursting”

But still...But still...““[There are] 60,000 different customers across [There are] 60,000 different customers across the various Amazon Web Services, and most of the various Amazon Web Services, and most of them are not the startups that are normally them are not the startups that are normally associated with on-demand computing.associated with on-demand computing.Rather the biggest customers in both number and Rather the biggest customers in both number and amount of computing resources consumed are amount of computing resources consumed are divisions of banks, pharmaceuticals companies divisions of banks, pharmaceuticals companies and other large corporations who try AWS once and other large corporations who try AWS once for a temporary project, and then get hooked.”for a temporary project, and then get hooked.”

http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/04/21/who-are-the-biggest-users-of-amazon-web-services-its-not-startups/http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/04/21/who-are-the-biggest-users-of-amazon-web-services-its-not-startups/

What to watchWhat to watch

Hosting companies that Hosting companies that make the jumpmake the jump

Stack-specific cloudsStack-specific clouds

Who’s got network Who’s got network effects?effects?

feed.API (facebook) > feed.api (friendster)feed.API (facebook) > feed.api (friendster)

Virtual appliancesVirtual appliances

CiscoCisco

NortelNortel

F5F5

JuniperJuniper

StompStomp

IPChainsIPChains

VyattaVyatta

CheckpointCheckpoint

HardwareHardware SoftwareSoftware

Tools to wrangle virtual Tools to wrangle virtual machinesmachines

Testing sandboxesTesting sandboxes

Application delivery Application delivery networksnetworks

Some conclusionsSome conclusions

Cloud economics are irresistible in the long termCloud economics are irresistible in the long termEnterprises will experiment with testing, burstingEnterprises will experiment with testing, bursting““Trusted” vendors ease the pain: IBM, VMWare, MSTrusted” vendors ease the pain: IBM, VMWare, MSRate of experimentation, line-of-business self-Rate of experimentation, line-of-business self-service leads to new kinds of helpdesk issuesservice leads to new kinds of helpdesk issuesIT moves from the “generator” to the “appliances”IT moves from the “generator” to the “appliances”

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