Clinical ChemistryHLD 22103

Steroid Hormone-Estrogen-

Clinical ChemistryHLD 22103

Muhammad Fattah bin FazelAnis Nabila binti Mohd Nor

What Is Estrogen ? (O.o)

• Group of compounds named for their importance in both menstrual and reproductive cycles.

• Important hormone of the females

• Responsible for the secondary sexual characters in the females.

Functions of Estrogen (^_^)

• Stimulate the growth of endometrium in the uterus.

• It suppress the activity of FSH, and stimulate the secretion of LH.

• It is responsible for the youthfullness of females and it controls the action of parathormone- hormone which intake calcium ions from bones and teeth.

• After menopause estrogen will caused osteoporosis in some women due the activity of parathormones

Estrogen in Male (^_^)

• In male, estrogen does not play as important a role as it does in women though men also have a small amount of estradiol normally in their bodies

• The amount of testosterone that men have usually does not allow estrogen to have any significant physiological effects on the body.

• If the amount of estrogen compared to testosterone increases, it will cause:

- weight gain especially in the midsection

-development of enlarged breasts (gynecomastia),

- decreased sex drive

Secretion of Estrogen (-_- )

• Produced primarily by the ovaries.

• The stimulation for secretion of estrogen comes from the Luteinizing hormone (LH) from anterior pituitary gland.

Secretion of Estrogen ( -_-)

• Some of the estrogens are also produced in smaller amounts by other tissues :

-liver

- adrenal glands

- breasts.

• Fat cells are also sources of estrogen. This is the reason why underweight or overweight women are at risk of infertility.

Types of Estrogen

• Estrone

- Produce in menopause women

• Estradiol

- Produce during reproductive years

• Estriol

- Produce during pregnancy

Synthesis of Estrogen

• Synthesized in the theca interna cells in the ovary.

Cholesterol Androstenodione Estrone

Aromataseenzyme

Cholesterol Androstenodione Testosterone

Aromataseenzyme

Estrone

Synthesis of Estrogen

• Estriol

DHEA sulfate Estriol

Sulfataseenzyme

In placenta

Synthesis of Estrogen

Estrogen Imbalance

High Level of Estrogen Low Level of Estrogen

Estrogen ImbalanceHigh Level of Estrogen

• Cause:

1. Natural Causes of High Estrogen Levels.

2. Induced Causes of High Estrogen Levels.

3. Other Causes of High Estrogen Levels :

- Obesity

- Cardiovascular disease

- Digestive problems

Estrogen ImbalanceHigh Level of Estrogen

Symptoms

Physical Mental

-Artherosclerosis -Depression

-Headaches -Panic attacks

-Cramps -Low self esteem

-Weight gain -Mood swings

-Uterine fibroids -Memory loss

-Irregular periods

Estrogen ImbalanceLow Level of Estrogen

• Causes:

1. Natural Causes of Low Estrogen Levels

2. Other Causes of Low Estrogen Levels:

- Lifestyle

• Diet

• Stress

• Eating disorders

• Extreme exercise

• Pituitary diseases

Estrogen ImbalanceLow Level of Estrogen

• Causes:

3. In young women:

- Genetic disease, such as Turner syndrome (which leads to short stature and lack of ovulation, normal female development and menstruation)

- Chemotherapy or radiation

- Thyroid disorders

- Insufficient body fat

- Delayed development and lack of menstruation (amenorrhea)

Estrogen ImbalanceLow Level of Estrogen

Symptoms

Physical Mental

-Dry Skin -Depression

-Rapid heartbeat -Panic attacks

-Headaches -Low self esteem

-Weight gain -Mood swings

-Low back pain -Memory loss

-Difficulty concentrating

Estrogen ImbalanceTreatment

• Same for both high and low levels of estrogen.

1. Lifestyle Changes- highest amount of self discipline.

2. Alternative Medicine- extremely effective way to treat estrogen imbalance.- Phytoestrogenic and non-phytoestrogenic

3. Hormone Replacement Therapy.- highest risk and often the highest costs.

Thank You The Sky Is NOT Your LimitYou Can Go Further To Achieve The Future.