climate change and development project iucn - regional workshop

Climate Resilience Workshop,

AACC, Nairobi-Kenya

Doyi Mazenzele, Climate Change and Development Project-Tanzania, June 23rd, 2010

INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE

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IUCN at a glance

• Oldest and largest global environmental network (since

1948)

• Members: more than 1,000 government and NGO

member organizations, and almost 11,000 volunteer

scientists in more than 160 countries.

• Vision: a just world that values and conserves nature.

• Mission: to influence, encourage and assist societies

throughout the world to conserve the integrity and

diversity of nature and to ensure that any use of natural

resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable.

• IUCN solutions: knowledge, action, influence and

empowerment

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Climate Change and Development Project (CCDP)• Regional Project: Tanzania, Mozambique and Zambia

• Challenge: lack of climate change awareness and understanding and a low capacity to assess and address vulnerability that hinders the inclusion of climate change adaptation in decision making, project development and national policies.

• Project Purpose: Ensure climate change (CC) related policies and strategies lead to adaptation activities that emphasize the role of forests and water resources in supporting people’s livelihoods and associated farming systems

• Overall project objective: Reduced vulnerability and enhanced adaptive capacity to climate variability and change at local and national levels

• The key strategy: To influence CCA policies through evidence-

based awareness raising and advocacy work.

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CCDP

• Financier: Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs

• Time frame: 2008-11 ( with a one year no cost

extension)

• Regional budget:

• Partners: projects and government (district

councils

• Beneficiaries: communities (where pilot CCA

are being implemented) and partners ( capacity

building measures)

• Project sites: 4 ( Rufiji-2 and Arusha-2)

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CCDP Result Areas

• Result 1: CC related legal regulatory framework identified, supported with reliable data and tools and influenced in order to provide enabling governance environment for adaptation (policy support)

• Result 2: Key stakeholders’ capacity for undertaking vulnerability assessments and implementing adaptation activities improved (capacity building)

• Result 3: Technical support provided for implementing adaptation activities following the ecosystem approach at selected local communities (implementation of adaptation measures)

• Result 4: Awareness of CC and efficient adaptation measures raised for enforcement of policy-practice linkages ( awareness creation)

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Result 1: Policy support

• CCDP commissioned background studies to provide a baseline for CCA policy influencing:

– Climate data compilation and site specific evidence

– Capacity (building) needs assessment for CC stakeholders at local, district, regional and national level to undertake VA and implement CCA

– Governance, policy formulation processes and climate change related institutional and coordination in Tanzania

– Gender mainstreaming strategy for the implementation of CCDP in Tanzania

• The studies (with the exception of gender strategy) were presented at a CC national stakeholders workshop early this year. Recommendations were provided on how best to mainstream CC issues at different levels.

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Result 2: Capacity building

• CCDP trained over 60 stakeholders (partners

and district council staffs) on vulnerability

assessment using CRiSTAL, CVCA and

CEDRA. Over 15 district council staffs will be

trained in the next weeks.

• Training in the final stages on conservation

farming, irrigation farming, local poultry

keeping (with market linkages) and watershed

management.

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Result 3: Implementation of Adaptation

measures

• Climate change adaptations (CCA)

– Broad: Initiatives and measures to reduce the

vulnerability of natural and human systems against

actual or expected climate change effects (UNFCC)

– More restrictive CCDP definition adopted after the

MTR: “any activity that would not be undertaken if

there was no climate change”.

• To qualify for the above definition, CCA were

revised using the screening criteria.

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CCA Screening Criteria

1. Clear element of the activity responding to a

specific climate change hazard in the area

2. Ecosystem approach is clearly embedded in

activity (at least 5/12 principles)

3. Implementation feasibility( partnerships,

resources, technology, etc)

4. Opportunities for new lessons learning for

improving practices, enhancing adaptation

and/or influencing policy

5. Sustainability in relation to the exit strategy

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CCA Screening Criteria

6. Emphasis on improved resilience (or at least

do no harm) of most vulnerable groups,

including consideration of gender

7. Appropriate technology

8. The impacts of the activities will positively

contribute to, or at least do no harm to,

ecological, financial, social assets

9. Measurability of results

10. Activities will add value to ongoing

processes in the project area

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Adaptation activities allocationS/n Activity category Tz Moz Zam

1 Conservation farming and beekeeping

2 Rain water harvesting

3 Irrigation farming

4 Flood control gates

5 Watershed management

6 NTFPs processing and storage

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Adaptation activities allocation

S/n Activity category Tz Moz Zamb

8 Mangrove restoration

9 Tree nurseries

10 Health and Sanitation

10 Local poultry keeping

11 Energy saving stoves

12 Water management training

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Successes on CCA

• Meru District council already mainstreaming

CCA into development plans and programmes

through budget cycles.

• The district has set some funds to support

CCDP work in their areas (24MTSh)

• This is a good entry point for sustainability (exit

strategy) and scaling up

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Result 4: Awareness creation

• CCDP has shared findings of background

studies, VA reports, workshop report,

newsletter and livelihoods-climate posters

• CC awareness public broadcast

• On the pipe: Swahili version of the NAPA

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How CCDP links CCA, DRR and development

issues

• CCDP used CRiSTAL to come up with adaptation

measures.

• CRiSTAL provides a systematic, simple and flexible

framework for understanding and analyzing the links

between climate risks, vulnerabilities and adaptive

capacities, livelihoods, and development projects

• CRiSTAL

– Livelihoods approach : Climate risks are linked to the lives and

development prospects of the concerned communities.

– Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation:

Current vulnerabilities and risks as indicated by the target

community and long term climate projections are taken into

account.

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CRiSTAL Structure4 Framing Questions; 2 Modules

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Climate Smart Approach

• Tabling exposure to CC

extremes:

• Enhancing adaptive

capacity

• Addressing poverty,

vulnerability and their

causes

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Tabling exposure to CC extremes:

CCDP has done the following

• Commissioned a study on collection and compilation of climate change data and site specific evidence for climate change Kikuletwa and lower Rufiji

• Undertaken Vulnerability assessments – Preparation of rainfall and temperature calendars

– Livelihood resource and hazard mapping

– Identification of climate hazards and the associated impacts

– Preparation and dissemination of vulnerability assessment reports and posters to stakeholders

• Running public awareness broadcast through National TV/Radio

• Promoting IGAs to increase household income and food security

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Enhancing adaptive capacity

• CCDP is supporting capacity building measures to

stakeholders to undertake vulnerability assessment and

identification of CCA

• Supporting implementation of adaptation measures

– Technical trainings (conservation farming, irrigation farming,

local poultry keeping, watershed management)

– Material support: seeds (early maturing and drought tolerant),

plans already for technology support (treadle pumps, borehole-

water for irrigation and domestic use), local chicken, feeds and

vaccines

• Conserving the Ecosystem: Embedding at least 5/12

Principles of the Ecosystem Approach

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Addressing poverty, vulnerability and their causes

• CCDP is supporting the implementation of

CCA aimed to increase household income and

food security leading to improved resilience/

adaptive capacity against CC

• Composition of project beneficiaries (contact

groups) reflect gender balance (to a minimum

50% women)

• CCDP to undertake value-chain analysis and

also to facilitate linkage to markets for products

from Income Generating Activities

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Challenges to implementation of CCA, DRR

and livelihoods

• Wider knowledge gaps amongst stakeholders

and beneficiaries on CCA

• Priorities by planners and decision makers

• Limited resources (time, funds and technology)

• Socio-cultural acceptance / perceptions ( “the

God factor”, project seeds planted on marginal

lands)

• Partnerships ( trust and transparency,

expectations and motivation, representation

and commitment)

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• We are still learning, but early reflections include…

– Implementing CCA, DRR and IGAs need time and resources

– Difficult to identify climate change impacts as distinct from

other environmental trends

– The identification and implementation of CCA and DRR need

the integration of local knowledge and technical climate

science

– Need more voice from community to address the climate

change and disaster management issues (Policy / strategy)

Lessons learned

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Recommendations

• Projects/partners need to determine the most tangible CCA, IGAs and DRR with high impact in regard to the future climate change scenarios

• All CCA, DRR and livelihoods need to integrate natural resources management aspects and gender considerations and should be ecosystem-based adaptation.

• Broader involvement of stakeholders in the implementation process is very crucial to the sustainability of the adaptation activities.

• Some activities like tree planting construction of cattle troughs need preinvestment and/or intensive investment in terms of time, funding and technical studies.

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Recommendations

• CCA and DRR should build on current coping

strategies and local knowledge and should therefore

concentrate on strengthening adaptive capacity of

social and ecological systems.

• CCA should focus on current climate variability as the

basis for adapting to future climate change.

• There is a need to demonstrate with evidence ways in

which the implemented CCA and DRR measures can

inform policy and institutional frameworks while

delivering benefits to Communities

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THANK YOU. AHSANTE SANA

WE HAVE TAKEN A GIANT STEP. THERE ARE MANY MILES

AHEAD. LETS TALK THE TALK AND WALK THE WALK

climate change and development project iucn - regional workshop

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