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Chapter 7 Cellular Structure and Function
Section 1: Cell Discovery and Theory
Section 2: The Plasma Membrane
Section 3: Structures and Organelles
Section 4: Cellular Transport
The Cell Theory
All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory
Cellular Structure and Function
cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms.
Chapter 7
All cells come from preexisting cells.
Cellular Structure and Function
Light Microscopes
use a series of glass lenses and light to magnify an image
Magnifies images up to 1,000x the actual size
7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory
Chapter 7
Electron Microscopes
Cellular Structure and Function
Uses magnets to aim a beam of electrons ata cell to produce an image
Microscopy Links http://biologygmh.com/
Magnifies images up to 500,000x the actual size
9560x
7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory
Chapter 7
Prokaryotic Cell
Simple structure
Cellular Structure and Function
Contains a plasma membrane
Does not contain membrane-bound organelles 11,000x
7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory
Chapter 7
Eukaryotic Cell
More complex structure
Cellular Structure and Function
Contains a plasma membrane
Contains membrane-bound organelles
400x
7.1 Cell Discovery and Theory
Chapter 7
Plasma Membrane Thin, flexible boundary between the cell
and its environment
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Cellular Structure and Function
Allows nutrients into the cell Allows waste to leave the cell
Chapter 7
Selective Permeability
Cellular Structure and Function
Plasma membrane controls movement ofsubstances into and out of the cell.
Also controls the amount of a substance entering and leaving the cell
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Plasma membrane is made of the phospholipid bilayer.
Cellular Structure and Function
A phospholipid molecule is composed of a glycerol backbone, two fatty acid chains, and a phosphate group.
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Fluid Mosaic Model
Cellular Structure and Function
Phospholipid bilayer allows other molecules to “float” in the membrane.
Other Components Proteins Cholesterol Carbohydrates
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Proteins
Cellular Structure and Function
Transmit signals inside the cell Act as a support structure Provide pathways for substances to enter and leave
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Cholesterol
Cellular Structure and Function
Prevents fatty acid tails from sticking together
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Carbohydrates
Cellular Structure and Function
Identify chemical signals
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7