CJ 3901 Transnational Crime

Traci Welch Moritz

Public Services Librarian/Assistant Professor

Heterick Memorial Library

What we will do today

• Constructing a research strategy• Selecting best resources• How to use resources• Primary vs secondary vs tertiary• Evaluating internet resources

How to access resources

The assignment

• News Articles• Research paper overview of a type of transnational

crime – human trafficking, – drug trafficking, – art trafficking, – transnational criminal organizations (i.e. Hells Angels,

Russian Mafia, Yakuza, etc.), – major figures in transnational organized crime (i.e. Pablo

Escobar, Griselda Blanco, Carlos Lehder, etc.) – government/law enforcement’s response to transnational

crime (Operation Black Biscuit, Operation Imperial Emperor, Operation Puma, etc.

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

•Definitions depend on the department and subject matter being studied

•“In the humanities, a primary resource could be defined as something that was created either during the time period being studied or afterward by individuals reflecting on their involvement in the events of the time.”

Primary Sources: Definitions. Lafayette College Libraries & Academic Information Resources. <

http://ww2.lafayette.edu/~library/guides/primarysources/definitions.html> Accessed August 8, 2013

http://www.ala.org/rusa/sections/history/resources/pubs/usingprimarysources

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

• Reading and evaluating can be difficult

• Opportunity to come into contact with the past

• Enables histories to experience the past recreate itThanks to the University of North Carolina at Pembroke

Primary sources = raw data = history’

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

•Evaluating primary sources:• 1. Identifying type

• Formal treatise • Contemporary formal treatise • Public Record• Private Letters and Journals• Literary source• Nonverbal sources• Oral history

 Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

1. Is the source genuine?

2. What is the date of origin?

3. Who is the author?

4. Who is the audience?

Questions to ask yourself when reviewing a document

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

•Suggestions for reading a primary source

• Read through the entire document quickly to set a sense of the whole source. Does it show bias? Is the bias yours or the source?

• Read the document a second time carefully noting authorship, time period, intended purpose and probably impact on the intended audience.

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

•Identify the following:• Time and place• Author• Audience• Personalities and roles of all people

mentioned• Meaning and purpose• Content (colloquial terminology, language of

the day, phrases and phrasing)• Allusions• Assumptions and/or bias

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

•Additional questions to ask yourself1. Do the contents seem reasonable?2. Are there other primary documents for collaboration or

are there contradictions?3. Place the document in the larger historical context. Do

secondary resources fit with your interpretation?

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

•As you are following the steps above, be sure to note anything you need to come back to and look these up in reliable reference works.

As you are following the steps above, be sure to note anything you need to come back to and look these up in reliable reference works.

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

•“Tertiary sources provide overviews of topics by synthesizing information gathered from other resources. Tertiary resources often provide data in a convenient form or provide information with context by which to interpret it.” ~ Virginia Tech Libraries, Accessed 08/14/2013

• Encyclopedias• Dictionaries• Handbooks

Oxford Reference

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

•Secondary Sources analyze or interpret an historical event or artistic work.

•Secondary sources often base their theories and arguments on the direct evidence found in primary sources.

• A secondary work for a subject is one that discusses the subject but is written after the time contemporary with it.

LEXIS-NEXIS

Biographical information

• Wikipedia + other free online sites• Oxford Reference online• VERIFY

VERIFYVERIFY

What about the internet?at about the web?

Critically analyzing web sources

• Currency

• Relevance/Coverage

• Authority

• Accuracy

• Purpose/Objectivity

• Timeliness of the information.

• Depth and importance of the information.

• Source of the information.

• Reliability of the information

• Possible bias present in the information.

Web Resources

• See Research Guide for vetted resources• Check with your professor to justify their

inclusion• If okay, be sure to cite them correctly

SEARCH

What is included?

• POLAR• Article-level searching for all EBSCO

databases• Article-level searching for a variety of other

databases: JSTOR, Hoover’s, AccessPharmacy, etc.

• Title-level searching for most other databases: IEEE, CIAO, Proquest Nursing & Allied Health

• OhioLink central catalog

Results: Full Text, Polar

Results: OhioLink

Results: Find It @ ONU

Results: ILL

Facets: Limit Your Results

Things to Remember

• Facets are your Friend: After you search, limit your results to what you really want

• A tool not a solution: This is not the solution to everything

• Ask the librarians for help• There will still be some small

changes coming

ONU ID is Library Card

Off-campus access to all resources and requesting OhioLINKs will require typing in First and Last Name and all 11 digits of ONU ID.

Primary v. Secondary Resources

• What is a primary source?

• The definition of a primary source varies depending upon the academic discipline and the context in which it is used.

 • In the humanities, a primary source could be defined

as something that was created either during the time period being studied or afterward by individuals reflecting on their involvement in the events of that time.

Scholarly v. Popular Periodicals

Academic Search Complete/Masterfile Premier

Subject Specific Databases

• Criminal justice abstracts• JSTOR  • CIAO

- Columbia International Affairs Online  • Humanities International Complete  • International Political Science Abstracts

  • Oxford

Reference, Politics and Social Sciences  

• Worldwide Political Science Abstracts  

Bibliographic Citation Software– REFWORKS

P:drive, Library Instruction folder, RefWORKS folder for brochure and ppt “HOW TO”

• Ask at the Front Desk• Phone the Reference Desk – 419-772-

2185 (see library page for available hours)

• Contact by E-mail reference@onu.edu

• t-moritz@onu.edu• Use Chat Help feature or the IM

QUESTIONS?