civil works technical_data

5/28/2018 Civil Works Technical_data

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T E C H N IC A L D A T A S U S E F U L FO RC IVIL E N G IN E E RIN G WO RK S :

U N IT WE IG H T O F MA T E RIA L S :M aterial U nit weight in kg/ m

C ement 1440

S teel 7850

D ry sand clean 1550-1600

M oist sand 1600-1750

D ry E arth(vegetable) 1750-2000

M oist E arth(vegetable) 1600

Wet E arth(vegetable) 1600-1750

D ry consolidated earth 1750-1920

G ravel (clean) 1600-2000

B ricks 1600-1920

Rubble stone 2100

T imbe 720-750

D ry cla 1440

D amp plastic cla 1760

E arth loose and dr 1280

E arth packed 1550

S olid blocks A pprox 1400-1500

C oal ashes 640

A .C .sheets 17kg/ m

C oncret 2306

B itumen 1040

L ime freshly burnt 960

L imestone crushed 1280-1440

L ime slaked 640

C ement mortar 2080

L ime mortar 1760

Plaster of Paris 800

Plastics 1100-1600


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A PPRO X M A T E RIA L N E E D E D F O R 1C U M O F S IZE S T O NEM A S O N RY WO RK WIT H D IF F E RE N T C E M E N T M O RT A R:Proportion by

volume

G rade of

concrete

C ement in

cubic meter

S and in cubic

meter

C oarse

aggregate incubic meter

1:4:8 M 7.5 0.12 0.48 0.96

1:3:6 M 10 0.15 0. 45 0.90

1:2:4 M 15 0.22 0.44 0.88

1:1.5:3 M 20 0.28 0.42 0.84

1:1:2 M 25 0.38 0.38 0.76

N ote:the volume of one cement bag is 0.0345 mor 1.25 cft.

A PPRO XIM A T E M A T E RIA L S RE Q U IRE D F O R 1 C U M O FS IZE S T O NE MA S O N RYC ement

mortar

S ize stone in

cum

C ement in cu S and in cu B oulders in

cum

1:4 1.25 0.08 0.32 0.17

1:6 1.25 0.06 0.36 0.171:8 1.25 0.04 0.32 0.17

N ote:40%of dry mortar is used for size stone masonry.

A PPRO XIM A T E M A T E RIA L S RE Q U IRE D F O R 1C U M O F 8S O L ID WA L L B L O C K WO RK

C ement mortar C ement in cft S and in cft

1:6 0.25 1.50

1:5 0.29 1.45

1:4 0.35 1.40

1:3 0.40 1.20

1:2 0.55 1.10


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A PPRO XIM A T E M A T E RIA L S RE Q U IRE D F O R 1 C U M O F 4S O L ID WA L L B L O C K WO RK

C ement mortar C ement in cft S and in cft1:6 0.33 2.00

1:5 0.36 1.80

1:4 0.45 1.8

1:3 0.55 1.65

1:2 0.75 1.50

A PPRO XIM A T E M A T E RIA L RE Q U IRE D F O R 1C U M O FB RIC K WO RK WIT H C E M E N T MO RT A R O F D IF FE RE N TPRO PO RT IO NS :C ement mortar B ricks C ement in cu S and in cu

1:2 500 0.1 0.2

1:3 500 0.08 0.24

1:4 500 0.06 0.24

1:6 500 0.04 0.24

S ize of standard brick is taken as 200mm*100mm*100mmwith mortar joint less than

10mmthick and dry mortar is used.A PPRO XIM A T E M A T E RIA L N E E D E F O R PL A S T E RIN G O F100 S Q U A RE M E T RE A RE A U S IN G D IF FE RE N TPRO PO RT IO N O F C E M E N T MO RT A R:C ement mortar C ement in cu S and in cu

1:2 0.6 1.2

1:3 0.45 1.135

1:4 0.4 1.6

1:5 0.35 1.75

1::6 0.3 1.8

T hickness of plastering is taken as 12mm.


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A PPRO XIM A T E M A T E RIA L N E E D E D F O R PL A S T E RIN G O F100S Q M A RE A U S IN G D IF F E RE N T PRO PO RT IO N O FC E M E N T M O RT A R T H IC K N E S S O F PL A S T E RIN G IS 20M M:C ement mortar C ement in cu S and in cu

1:2 1 2

1:3 0.78 2.34

1:4 0.65 2.6

1.5 0.54 2.7

1:6 0.46 2.76

xWE IG H T O F S T E E L RO D S :D iameter of rod Weight in kg/ L ap length in m

6m 0.2218 300

8m 0.3943 400

10m 0.6162 500

12m 0.8874 600

16m 1.5771 800

20m 2.4649 1000

25m 3.8514 1250

32m 6.3101 1800

T he length of one rod which is available is site is 36 feet or 11 meter.

C O N VE RS IO N S :1cent=435.6 square feet

1acre=100 cent

1meter=3.281 feet

1square meter=10.76 square feet.

1cubic meter=35.31 cubic feet

1kg=9.81N

1kg/ cm=1N mm

1kg=1litre

1cubic meter=1000 litres


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1cubic feet=28.3 litres.

1acre=43560 square feet

1inch=2.54 cm

12 inch=1feet1feet=30 cm.

1 gunter chain=66 feet.

1 gunta=1089 square feet.

L A B O U R O U T PU T :Work L abours used O utput per da

E arthwork 100cft 2 M / c

B ack filling 28.3 cubic meter 5 M / c+0.5F / c

S huttering 7square meter 1carpenter and 2 helper.

S teel 170 kg 1fitter and 1 helper

C oncret 120 cubic meter pumping 6 mason and 6 helpe

B lock work 7 square meter 1mason and 2 helper

Plaste ing 10 square meter 1mason and 1.5 helpe

D adooing(wall tiling) 6 square meter 1mason and 1.5 helpe

F loor tiling 8 square meter 1mason and 2 helper

G ranite dadooing 4 square meter 1mason , 1 helper,0.5

cutter and 0.5 polisher

G ranite flooring 8 square meter 1mason, 1 helper,0.5

cutter and 0.5 polisher.

Water proofing 7 square meter 1mason and 1 helper

Painting 10 square meter 1 painter and 1 helper

Window finish 1 no 1mason +1 helpe

L aying reinforced

concrete

100 cubic feet 0.5 mason+6helpers+1.33

F/ c

S ize stone masonr 2.83 cubic meter 3 masons ,5 helpers and

0.25 F / c

B rickwork 2.83 cubic meter 2.25 masons and 5 helpers


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A PPRO XIM A T E M A T E RIA L RE Q U IRE D F O R WH IT EWA S H ING , D IS T E M PE RING , A ND PA INT ING O F 100S Q U A RE M E T E R A RE A :a. L ime for white washing ( 1

coat)

10 kgs

b. D ry distemper 1stcoat 6.5 kgs

c. D ry distemper 2n coat 5.0 kgs

d. S now cemfor 1stcoat 30.0 kgs

e. S now cemfor 2ndcoat 20.0 kgs

f. Paint ready mixed for one

coat

10 litres

g. Paint stiff for one coat 10 kgs

B IN D IN G WIRE C O N S U M PT IO N :B inding wire used for tieing one tonnage

reinforcement

6 to 7 kgs

G E N E RA L PO IN T S F O R C A L C U L A T IO N S O FRE IN FO RC E ME N T :

1. F or beamhook= (beamdepth-both side covers)/ 2for example if it is a 450mmdepth beamthen hook is (450-50)/ 2=200

where cover for beamis taken as 25 mm

2. F or stirrups the hook=4d as per is codes but according to site conditions it is50 mmper hook while doing bar bending schedule.

3. F or slab the rod the crank length is l/ 5.4. F or beamthe bottomextra is at l/ 6.5. F or slab the top extra extends till upto l/ 3.6. F or beamthe top extra bar extends till l/ 3.7. T he column capitals extends tilll/ 4.8. Where l is effective length of the beam. It is taken as center to center of the

beam.


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9. T he crank length is 1.41d, where d is (depth of slab or beam- two side covers)

C omponent C over in m

S lab 15

B ea 25

C olumn 40

F ooting 50

N ote:cover is given for the aggregates of concrete to pass through the reinforcementand to prevent the reinforcement fromexposing to surface.

H O W T O F IN D T H E WE IG H T O F T H E S T E E L :d/ 162

d- diameter of the steel in mm

where as this formula gives the weight of steel in kg per running meter of that dia steel

how is it achieved:

(pi*d*d/ 4)*7850 will give the weight of steel of that dia in kg/ m

as pi=3.14

and d is in mm

but unit weight of steel is in kg/ m

the area of steel should be converted into mfor that the area of steel is divided by 1000000

now keeping d in the top and bringing 3.14*7850 to the bottomwe will get d/ 162 as

the formula.

WA T E R C E ME N T RA T IO :N ormally the water cement ratio is the ratio between water and cement, it is the water

content at which the concrete will give a good workability.

B U L K A G E O F S A N D :It is the moisture content in the sand due to which the volume of the sand increases

than its original volume, so when it dries its volume will be reduced, so when sand is

mixed for mortar or concrete 16 to 20%extra is taken to get the original volume of the

sand.

T he permissible bulkage is 16 to 20%.


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S E T IIN G T IM E O F C E ME N T :1. Initial setting time of cement is 30 minutes so any concrete or mortar should be

used before 30 minutes of stime.

2. F inal setting time of cement is 10 hours.S T RU C T U RE S :L oad bearing structures:It is the structure in which the load is transferred directly fromslab to the wall andfromwall to the foundation.

F ramed structure:It is the structure in which the load is transferred fromslab to beams and from

beams to columns and fromcolumns to footings and fromfootings to the soil.

D ifference between 43 grade cement and 53 grade cement:

43 grade attains a strength of 43n/ mm2 in 28 days

53 grade cement attains a strength of 53n/ mm2 in 28 days.T he setting time of 43 grade cement is less.

T he setting time of 53 grade cement is high

43 grade cement is used for plastering and 53 grade cement is used for concreting

and marking.

A N G LE O F RE PO S E :It is the slope above which that concerned material tends to fall.

M aterial A ngle of repose in degreB ituminous coal

A nthracite coal 27

S laked coal 37.5 to 45

A shes 35

S oft iron ore 35

E arth(loam) 30 to 45

S and(dry) 30 to 35

S and (wet) 0 to 30


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C la 25 to 45

G ravel 30 to 45

C inders 25 to 40

C ok 30 to 45

Wheat 25

M aiz 27 to 30

B arle 25

O ats 28

C emen 10

F O U N D A T IO N :S hallow foundation and deep foundation:S hallow foundation is the foundation in which the length of the footing is equal to the

depth of the foundation whereas in deep foundation depth is not equal to length.

LE VE LL IN G :L eveling is very important in the civil engineering practical field to know about a site.

H eight of the instrument=R.L B ack sightWhere R.L - reduced level is taken as the road level( as 100)

If we want the level of a point first the dumpy level is set at some point and the R.L is

taken as the back sight and the staff measurement at the concerned point is taken it is

known as foresight or intermediate sight

L E VE L O F T H A T PO IN T =R.L B A C K S IG H T -F O RE S IG H TB M- benchmark(a known r.l)

R.L -reduced level (normally 100)

B .S -backsight

F .S -foresight

PE RM IS S IB LE S T RE S S E S IN C O N C RE T E :G rade of concret Permissible Permissible


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stresses in

concrete bending

stresses in

compression direct

M 10 3.0 2.5

M 15 5.0 4.0

M 20 7.0 5.0

M 25 8.5 6.0

M 30 10.0 8.0

M 35 11.5 9.0

M 40 13.0 10.0

T A B L E O F PA IN T IN G C O E F F IC IE N T :S l no D escription of work M ultiplying coefficient

1. Paneled or framed and

braced door, windows etc.

1.30(for each side)

2. L edged and battened or

ledged, battened and

braced, doors, windows etc

1.30(for each side )

3. F lush doors 1.2 (for each sid )

4, Party paneled and party

glazed or gauged doors,

windows etc.

1.00(for each side)

5. F ully glazed or gauged

doors ,windows etc

0.80 (for each side)

6. F ully venetianed or

louvered doors windows

etc.

1.80 for each side.

7. T reills work one way or

two way

2 for painting allover

8. C arved or enriched work 2 for each sid


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9. Weather boarding 1.2 for each sid

10. Wood single roofing 1.10 for each sid

11. B oarding with cover fillets

and match boarding

1.05 for each sid

12. Plain sheeted steel doors

and windows

1.10 for each sid

13. F ully glazed or gauged

steel doors and windows

0.50 ( for each side)

14. Partly paneled and partly

glazed or steel gauged

doors and windows

0.80 for each sid

15. C orrugated sheeted steel

doors or windows

1.50 for each sid

16. C ollapsible gates 1.50 for painting allover

17. rolling shutters interlocked

lathes

1.10 for each sid

WE IG H T O F MS PL A T E S :T hickness in m Weight in kg per

square meter

5 39.25

6 47.10

8 62.80

10 78.5

12 94.2

14 109.90

16 125.60

18 141.30

20 157.00

22 172.70

55 196.25


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S Q U A RE B A RS :0.7843 kg/ square meter

D iameter or width in m S ectional area in squarecm.

Perimeter in c

5 25 2.0

5.5 0.3 2.2

6.0 0.36 2.4

7.0 0.49 2.8

8.0 0.64 3.2

9.0 0.81 3.6

10 1.00 4.0

11 1.21 4.4

12 1.44 4.8

14 1.96 5.6

16 2.56 6.4

18 3.24 7.2

20 4.00 8.0

22 4.84 8.8

25 6.25 10.0

28 7.84 11.2

32 10.24 12.8

36 12.96 14.4

40 16.00 16.0

45 20.25 18.0

50 25.00 20.0

56 31.36 22.4

63 39.69 25.2

71 50.41 28.4

80 64.00 32.0

WE IG H T O F MIL D S T E E L FL A T S :Width 3mm 4mm 5mm 6mm 8m 10mm 12mm 16mm 18mm 20mm 25


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in m thick thic thic thic thick thic thic thic thic thic m

thick

10 0.2 0.3 0.5

20 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.6

25 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4

30 0.7 0.91 1.20 1.4 1.9 2.2 2.8 3.8

35 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.6 2.4 2.8 3.3 4.4 5.0 5.5

40 0.9 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.5 3.1 3.8 5.0 5.6 6.3

45 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.8 3.5 4.2 5.6 6.4 7.1

50 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 3.1 3.9 4.7 6.3 7.1 7.8 9.8

75 3.5 3.7 5.9 7.1 9.4 10..6 11.8 14.7

100 4.7 6.3 7.8 9.4 12.6 14.1 15.7 19.6

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