city development planfor cuttak

City Development Plan for Cuttack

Administrative Staff College of India 1

GoI–UNDP Orissa Project State Urban Development Agency SUDA

Submitted to:

State Urban Development Agency SUDA

City Development

Plan for

Cuttack

Administrative Staff college of India

Hyderabad



TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................12

1.1 Background: .................................................................................................................12

1.2 Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns

(UIDSSMT) Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM):.........12

1.3 City Development Plan ................................................................................................13

1.3.1 Objectives: ..............................................................................................................13

1.3.2 Scope of the work ..................................................................................................14

1.4 Approach and Methodology: ......................................................................................15

1.5 Integrating gender concern in all the process: ..........................................................21

1.6 Spatial Coverage of Cuttack city Development Plan................................................21

1.6 Timeframe for CDP .....................................................................................................22

1.7 The Relationship Between Master Plan And CDP ...................................................22

CHAPTER 2 – CITY PROFILE, DEMOGRAPHY AND ECONOMY ..........................23

2.1 City Profile: ..................................................................................................................23

2.2 Regional Setting: ..........................................................................................................24

2.3 Physical Characteristics: .............................................................................................25

2.3.1 Geographical Location and Topography: ...............................................................25

2.3.2 Topography and Drainage Channel: .......................................................................25

2.3.3 Climatic Conditions: ...............................................................................................26

2.4 Historical Importance of the city: ..............................................................................26

2.5 Area and Population ....................................................................................................26

2.5.1 Introduction:............................................................................................................26

2.5.3 Density: ...................................................................................................................29

2.6 Socio- Economic Characteristics: ...............................................................................30

2.6.1 Key Socio – Economic Features .............................................................................30

2.6.2 Details of Occupational Pattern ..............................................................................30

2.6.3 Economic Base, Occupational Distribution:...........................................................31

2.7 Trade and Commerce:.................................................................................................34

2.7.1. Trade and commerce in the city.............................................................................34

2.7.2 Whole sale market: Malgodown .............................................................................34

2.8 Tourism:........................................................................................................................34



2.9 Culture & Heritage:.....................................................................................................36

2.9 Industrial Activities: ....................................................................................................37

CHAPTER 3 -- LAND USE AND URBAN ENVIRONMENT .........................................38

3.1 Land Use .......................................................................................................................38

3.1.1 Land Use Details of Cuttack:..................................................................................38

3.1.2 Growth pattern of the city:......................................................................................40

3.2 Urban Environment.....................................................................................................43

3.2.1 Introduction:............................................................................................................43

3.2.2 Climate....................................................................................................................43

3.2.3 Topographical features............................................................................................43

3.2.4 Water Pollution .......................................................................................................44

3.2.5 Hazardous and Bio-Medical Waste ........................................................................46

3.2.6 Urban Greening - Urban Parks and Open spaces....................................................46

3.2.7 Water logging and low laying areas: ......................................................................46

3.2.8 Key Issues and Concerns ........................................................................................46

CHAPTER 4 –DISASTER MANAGEMENT.....................................................................48

4.1 Introduction: ................................................................................................................48

4.2 Disaster in Orissa:........................................................................................................48

4.3 Patterns of Disasters: ...................................................................................................49

4.3.1 Floods: ....................................................................................................................49

4.3.2 Cyclone: ..................................................................................................................49

4.4 City’s Experience: ........................................................................................................51

4.4.1 Recent floods in the city: ........................................................................................51

This map shows that high-risk zones are located extreme western part of the city.........52

4.4.2 Vulnerability of the city ..........................................................................................53

4.5 Policies:......................................................................................................................53

4.6Strategies: ......................................................................................................................55

4.6.1 List of Stakeholders: ...............................................................................................56

4.6.2 Institutional Framework:.........................................................................................57

4.6.3 Vulnerable Factors of damage and the risks ...........................................................57

4.6.4 Scheme for Response –...........................................................................................58

4.6.5 Evacuation and Temporary Shelter.........................................................................58

4.6.6 Search & Rescue .....................................................................................................59

4.6.7 First Aid ..................................................................................................................59



4.7 Ongoing Disaster Management Program:......................................................................59

Urban Earthquake Vulnerability Reduction Program UEVRP: ..................................59

CHAPTER 5 - URBAN MANAGEMENT AND GOVERNANCE...................................61

5.1Urban Local Bodies- new context of local government:............................................61

5.2 Legal Framework of Institutions ................................................................................61

5.3 Institutional Framework .............................................................................................63

5.3.2 Institutional framework and role of urban local body in different sectors of urban

management .....................................................................................................................69

5.3.3 Urban infrastructure and role of private sector .......................................................69

5.4 Municipal Corporation................................................................................................70

5.4.1 Activities of the Corporation: .................................................................................71

5.4.2 Organogram of Municipal Corporation ..................................................................71

5.5 Other Institutions: .......................................................................................................74

5.6 Key Issues: ....................................................................................................................74

5.7 Ongoing Reforms .........................................................................................................75

CHAPTER 6 - MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE..........................................................76

6.1 Existing Water Supply system:...................................................................................76

6.1.1 Source – Availability and Adequacy: .....................................................................76

6.1.2 Distribution system: ................................................................................................79

6.1.3 Quality of Water: ....................................................................................................79

6.1.4 Non-Revenue Water: ..............................................................................................79

6.1.5 Water supply –Performance Indicators:..................................................................79

6.1.6 Institutional and Financial Aspects:........................................................................80

6.1.7 Key Issues: ..............................................................................................................82

6.2 Sewerage System:.........................................................................................................83

6.3 Sanitation:.....................................................................................................................84

6.3.1 Access to Sanitation Facilities ................................................................................84

6.3.2 Key Issues: ..............................................................................................................84

6.4: Details of Drainage System:.......................................................................................85

6.4.1 Existing Drainage System.......................................................................................85

6.4.2 Key Issues: ..............................................................................................................89

6.5 Solid Waste Management: ..........................................................................................90

6.5.1 Waste Generation, storage and collection:..............................................................90

6.5.2 Street Sweeping: .....................................................................................................90



6.5.3 Transportation:........................................................................................................91

6.5.4 Treatment and Disposal: .........................................................................................92

6.5.4 SWM –Performance Indicators...............................................................................92

6.5.5 Key issues: ..............................................................................................................92

6.6 Traffic and Transportation:........................................................................................94

6.6.1 Inter city Transportation facilities:..........................................................................94

6.6.2 Intra city transportation facilities: ...........................................................................94

6.6.3 Details of pucca and kutcha roads: .........................................................................94

6.6.4 Vehicular Growth....................................................................................................95

6.6.5 Traffic and Transportation in the city: ....................................................................96

6.6.6 Key Issues: ..............................................................................................................97

6.7 Street Lighting: ............................................................................................................98

6.7.1 Street Lighting Coverage ........................................................................................98

6.7.2 Details of Street Lights ...........................................................................................98

6.7.3 Key Issues: ..............................................................................................................99

CHAPTER 7 - BASIC SERVICES TO THE POOR........................................................100

7.1 Growth of Slums: .......................................................................................................100

7.2: Slum Population........................................................................................................100

7.4 Status of Slums ...........................................................................................................104

7.5 Housing Status............................................................................................................105

7.6 Socio-economic characteristics: ................................................................................105

7.7 Services available in Slums .......................................................................................107

7.8: Basic Infrastructure in Slums..................................................................................107

7.9: Poverty Alleviation Programs .................................................................................108

7.11 Funding Pattern under SJSRY (Rs. In lakhs)......................................................109

7.12 Funding Pattern under National Slum Development Program NSDP (Rs. In

lakhs) 109

7.13 Livelihood Programmes ..........................................................................................110

7.14 Pensions.....................................................................................................................110

7.15 Poverty alleviation Programmes ............................................................................110

7.16 Key Issues and Concerns........................................................................................112

CHAPTER 8 - GENDER MAINSTREAMING...............................................................114

8.1 Introduction: ..............................................................................................................114

8.2 Why Mainstreaming Gender: ...................................................................................114



8.3 Current situation: ......................................................................................................115

8.4 Strategies for Integrating Gender Concern: ...........................................................115

8.4.1 Water Supply: ......................................................................................................115

8.4.2 Sanitation: .............................................................................................................116

8.4.3 Solid Waste Management: ....................................................................................116

8.4.4 Traffic and transportation .....................................................................................116

8.4.5 Slum Improvement................................................................................................116

8.4.6 Local Economic Development..............................................................................116

8.4.7 Other Gender Related Strategies...........................................................................117

8.5 Gender checklist.........................................................................................................117

8.6 Project Planning and Design: ...................................................................................117

8.7 Project Implementation: ...........................................................................................117

8.7.1 Water:....................................................................................................................117

8.7.2 Sanitation, SWM, Drainage and sewerage: ..........................................................118

8.7.3 Women right in urban space- land housing finance: ............................................118

8.7.4 Access to livelihood and employment ..................................................................118

8.7.5 Safety and security................................................................................................118

8.7.6 Urban transport .....................................................................................................118

8.7.7 Being counted: ......................................................................................................119

8.8 Project Evaluation: ....................................................................................................119

CHAPTER 9 - MUNICIPAL FINANCE...........................................................................120

9.1 Municipal Finances ....................................................................................................120

9.2 Financial Status ..........................................................................................................120

9.3 Revenue Account........................................................................................................122

9.3.1 Revenue Income....................................................................................................122

9.3.2 Revenue Expenditure..............................................................................................131

9.4 Capital Account..........................................................................................................135

9.4.1 Capital Income:.....................................................................................................135

9.4.2 Capital Expenditure ..............................................................................................136

9.5 Fixed Assets ................................................................................................................136

9.6 Key Issues/ Observations: .........................................................................................137

9.4 Financial Operating Plan ..........................................................................................139

9.4.1 Capital Investment Plan ........................................................................................139

9.4.2 Capital Investment Estimate, CIP And Phasing ...................................................140



9.4.3 Financial Operating Plan.......................................................................................141

9.4.4 Base And Basis .....................................................................................................141

9.4.5 Key Assumptions ..................................................................................................142

9.5 Financial Operating Plan: .........................................................................................143

CHAPTER 10 – VISION AND STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN......................................145

10.1 SWOT Analysis for Cuttack City:..........................................................................145

10.2 Vision statements .....................................................................................................147

10.3 Population projections.............................................................................................147

Recommended Projected Population: ............................................................................148

10.4 strategic action plan .................................................................................................149

10.4.1 Economic development:......................................................................................149

10.4.2 Strategies for Improving Urban Infrastructure and Service Delivery.................150

Institutional reforms:......................................................................................................156

10.4.3 Tourism...............................................................................................................158

10.4.4 Environment:.......................................................................................................158

10.4.5 Health.................................................................................................................159

10.4.6 Governance: ........................................................................................................160

10.4.7 Slums Development and Poverty Reduction: .....................................................160

10.4.8 Social Infrastructure............................................................................................162

10.4.9..............................................................................................................................162

Municipal finance: .........................................................................................................162

CHAPTER 11 - CITY INVESTMENT PLAN..................................................................165

11.1 City Investment Plan for Cuttack ..........................................................................165

11.1.1 Financing Arrangements:....................................................................................165

11.1.2 Implementation mechanism for CDP..................................................................166

11.2 Sector Wise Investment Plan – Cuttack.................................................................166

11.2.1 Water Supply ......................................................................................................166

11.2.2 Sewerage .............................................................................................................167

11.2.3 Storm Water Drainage ........................................................................................168

11.2.4 Solid Waste Management: ..................................................................................168

11.2.4 Traffic and Transportation ..................................................................................169

11.2.5 Slum Development and Poverty Reduction........................................................170

11.2.6 Disaster Management..........................................................................................171

11.2.7 Gender Development ..........................................................................................171



11.2.8 Environment........................................................................................................172

Projects Having Potential for PPPs................................................................................173

11.3 Year Wise Sectoral Investment Plan......................................................................174

ANNEXURES: .....................................................................................................................180

Ward wise population ........................................................................................................180

Performance of 12th Schedule Functions – Municipal Corporation .................................181

Water Supply Charges: ......................................................................................................183

List Of Identified Slum Pockets.........................................................................................184

List of Water Logged areas................................................................................................192

Stakeholder Meeting for Preparation of CDP for Cuttack City.........................................194

List of on going projects. ...................................................................................................201



List of Tables

Table 2-1City Profile ...............................................................................................................23

Table 2-2 Population growth trends.........................................................................................29

Table 2-3 Socio- Economic Details .........................................................................................30

Table 2-4 Key socio-economic features ..................................................................................30

Table 2-5 Total workers and Non Workers .............................................................................31

Table 2-6 Main and Marginal Workers details ........................................................................31

Table 2-7 Occupational Categories..........................................................................................32

Table 2-8 Classification of main workers................................................................................32

Table 2-9 Other facilities Source: CMC Website .................................................................33

Table 2-10 Tourism..................................................................................................................35

Table 4-1 Seasonality of disaster .............................................................................................52

Table 4-2 Features of The Disaster Management Policy.........................................................54

Table 5-1 Legislative Basis of Governing Institutions ............................................................62

Table 5-2 Institutional framework and role of urban local body in different sectors of urban

management......................................................................................................................69

Table 5-3 Urban infrastructure and role of private sector........................................................69

Table 6-1 Performance indicators for water supply.................................................................79

Table 6-2 revenue and collection from water supply...............................................................81

Table 6-3 Water Tariff .............................................................................................................82

Table 6-4 Connection cost details............................................................................................82

Table 6-5 Performance indicators sanitation ...........................................................................84

Table 6-6 Indicators for roads..................................................................................................85

Table 6-7 Waste Generation from various sources:.................................................................90

Table 6-8 SWM –Performance Indicators ...............................................................................92

Table 6-9 Details of pucca and kutcha roads ...........................................................................94

Table 6-10 Type of roads and length .......................................................................................95

Table 6-11 Number of vehicles registered in past six years 2001- 2006.................................95

Table 7-1 Slum population in state and city ..........................................................................100

Table 7-2 Slum population and BPL Population ...................................................................101

Table 7-3 Ward wise slum population ...................................................................................101

Table 7-4 Newly identified slums and their category............................................................104

Table 7-5 Category of slums..................................................................................................104



Table 7-6 Status of slums.......................................................................................................105

Table 7-7 status of tenure ship ...............................................................................................105

Table 7-8 Access of basic services to slum population .........................................................107

Table 7-9 poverty alleviation program ..................................................................................108

Table 7-10 Funding Pattern ...................................................................................................109

Table 7-11 NSDP Funding pattern ........................................................................................109

Table 7-12 Livelihood programmes.......................................................................................110

Table 7-13 Pension beneficiaries ...........................................................................................110

Table 9-1 Summary of Finances of Cuttack Municipal Corporation ....................................120

Table 9-2 Sector wise Revenue Income.................................................................................122

Table 9-3 Demand-Collection-Balance (DCB) Statement for Property Tax.........................126

Table 9-4 Entry Tax in Lieu of Octroi ...................................................................................128

Table 9-5 User Charges .........................................................................................................128

Table 9-6 Rental Income from Corporation properties: ........................................................129

Table 9-7 Fees and Fines .......................................................................................................129

Table 9-8 Miscellaneous & Others ........................................................................................130

Table 9-9 Grants & Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc.................................................130

Table 9-10 Sector wise Revenue Expenditure .......................................................................131

Table 9-11 Grants & Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc...............................................135

Table 9-12 List of Assets .......................................................................................................136

Table 10-1SWOT Analysis ..................................................................................................146

Table 10-2 Water Supply – Strategic Action Plan (Year 1: date of approval of CDP) .........152

Table 10-3 Solid Waste Management – Strategic Action Plan..............................................156

Table 10-4 Traffic and Transportation – Strategic Action Plan ............................................157

Table 10-5 Environment – Strategic Action Plan ..................................................................160

Table 10-6 Slum Development and Poverty Reduction: Strategic Action Plan ....................161

Table 11-1 City Investment Plan ...........................................................................................165

Table 11-2 Financing Arrangement for Cuttack....................................................................166

Table 11-3 Water Supply .......................................................................................................166

Table 11-4 Sewerage..............................................................................................................167

Table 11-5 Storm water drainage...........................................................................................168

Table 11-6 Solid waste management .....................................................................................168

Table 11-7 Traffic and Transportation...................................................................................169

Table 11-8 Slum Development and Poverty Reduction ........................................................170



Table 11-9 Disaster Management ..........................................................................................171

Table 11-10 Gender Development.........................................................................................171

Table 11-11 Environment ......................................................................................................172

Table 11-12 Year wise investments.......................................................................................172

Table 11-13 Year wise Sector Investment plan .....................................................................174



List of Figures Figure 2-1 Location Map of Cuttack City................................................................................25

Figure 2-2 Cuttack Ward Boundary Map ................................................................................27

Figure 2-3 Ward wise population density2.5.2 Population Growth Trends ............................28

Figure 2-4Population growth trend and growth rate................................................................29

Figure 3-1 Land Use Map ........................................................................................................40

Figure 3-3 location of ponds selected under UIDSSMT Scheme............................................45

Figure 4-1 Wind and Cyclone Zones in Orissa........................................................................50

Figure 4-2 Map showing the disaster affected areas in Orissa ................................................50

Figure 4-3 Municipal map of Cuttack indicating Flood and Cyclone .....................................52

Figure 5-1Organizational Structure .........................................................................................72

Figure 5-2 Technical Wing ......................................................................................................73

Figure 6-1Ward wise water supply coverage...........................................................................77

Figure 6-2Existing Distribution Network ...............................................................................78

Figure 6-3 Main Drainage Network.........................................................................................87

Figure 6-4Alignment of drains with low pockets in central part of the city............................88

Figure 6-5 Solid Waste Collection Coverage ..........................................................................91

Figure 6-6Growth trends of different vehicles.........................................................................96

Figure 6-7 growth trend of different vehicles ..........................................................................96

Figure 6-8 Modal split .............................................................................................................97

Figure 7-1 Slums Location Map7.3 Literacy Rate of Slum Population. ...............................103

Figure 9-1 Trends in Revenue Income and Revenue Expenditure ........................................121

Figure 9-2 Trends in Capital Income and Capital Expenditure .............................................121

Figure 9-3 Trends in Revenue Income (FY 2002-03 to FY 2006-07)...................................124

Figure 9-4 Composition of Revenue Income ( Average of 5 years)......................................125

Figure 9-5 Property Tax Collection Performance:.................................................................127

Figure 9-6 Trend in Revenue Expenditure (FY 2002-03 to 2006-07) ...................................133

Figure 9-7 Composition of Revenue expenditure (Average of 5 years) ................................133



CHAPTER 1 – Introduction

1.1 Background: Orissa is a prominent state of India with a long coastline and a storehouse of mineral wealth. Because of its mineral wealth and strategic location it attracts significant investment in steel, aluminum, power, refineries, and infrastructure. Orissa is also emerging as a player in the outsourcing IT (Information Technology) and IT services industry. Contemporary Orissa has a rich cultural heritage that is an outcome of the intermingling of three great religious traditions - Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. The state has a population of 36.8 million (2001 Census). About 85% of the population lives in the villages and one third of the rural population does not own any land other than homesteads. Orissa is one of the 5th least urbanized state in India with only 15% of its population (5.5 million) living in towns and cities. The state comprises of 103 urban local bodies (ULB’s) Comprising of two municipal corporations and 101 municipalities. The urban areas in the state have huge potential for promoting economic growth and for reducing poverty are constrained by various factors such as lack of financial resources, poor level of services, and weak capability of ULB’s. Government of India, state government and multi lateral agencies such as DFID, UNDP etc are playing a significant role in enabling the ULB’S to overcome these challenges. In this context, GoI has launched fiscal incentive programmes viz., JnNURM, UIDSSMT, IHSDP that provide significant grant support linked to reforms implementation. These programmes offer huge opportunities to ULB’s for promoting economic growth and service delivery in an equitable manner. 1.2 Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT) Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM): Considering the growing role of cities as engines of economic growth and poverty reduction in the country, the Government of India (GOI) has launched Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) and Urban Infrastructure Development Schemes in Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT), with the aim to create economically productive, efficient, equitable and responsive cities. Under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission, 63 cities are eligible for accessing funds. These 63 cities comprise of mega cities, metropolitan cities, capital cities and cities of architectural and cultural importance. To access the funds under JNNURM, these 63 cities are required to prepare a CDP and implement a set of reforms at the State and the City levels by entering into a tripartite agreement. It is mandatory to prepare a City Development Plan through consultative process.



The remaining cities and towns are covered under the UIDSSMT programme, which also provides grant support by linking investments to reforms implementation. Under UIDSSMT towns and cities are encouraged to formulate City Development Plans for holistic and planned development.

1.3 City Development Plan The City Development Plan under JnNURM and UIDSSMT focuses on the development of economic and social infrastructure, strategies that deal specifically with issues affecting the urban poor, strengthening of municipal governments and their financial accounting and budgeting systems and procedures, creation of structures for bringing in accountability and transparency, and elimination of legal and other bottlenecks that have stifled the land and housing markets. It provides a basis for cities to undertake urban sector reforms that help direct investment into city-based infrastructure. The CDP of a city is a reflection of the city’s stakeholders aspirations and comprises of vision for the city, a strategic action plan and city assistance programme. In this context State Urban Development Agency SUDA (a state level nodal agency) has appointed Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), Hyderabad for the preparation of city development plans (CDP’s) for three cities i.e. Cuttack, Sambalpur & Berhampur of Orissa. These three cities i.e. Cuttack, Berhampur and Sambalpur have also been covered under UIDSSMT, Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) and the study on preparation of CDPs by ASCI assumes importance since it is desirable to access funds under these programmes. The study entrusted to ASCI also assumes importance in the context of recently launched UNDP project titled “Capacity Building for Decentralized Urban Governance” for four Urban Local Bodies namely Cuttack. Puri, Berharmpur, Sambalpur, to improve their infrastructure and quality of life that falls far short of global benchmarks. The UNDP project also envisages preparation of City Development Plans for the project cities. The Administrative Staff College Of India has prepared the CDP Reports for cities of Cuttack, Berhampur and Sambalpur separately. This report presents the City Development Plan for Cuttack city. 1.3.1 Objectives: The purpose of CDP is to present and analyze the current status of city development, identify priorities and future requirements and provide a framework and vision for effective



implementation of development projects. It emphasizes on issues of priority local concerns for livability, and the implied requirements in terms of:

• Enhancing city productivity • Reducing poverty • Specific emphasis to gender • Improving urban governance • Enhancing financial sustainability and

• Preparing the city for effective disaster management.

1.3.2 Scope of the work The CDP is prepared keeping in view the tool kits, guidelines and instructions provided by SUDA, and also JnNURM guidelines for preparation of CDP. The scope of work included the following: A situation analysis, focusing on demographic trends, land use pattern, economic growth, city governance and status on access and coverage of services (i.e. water supply, sewerage, sanitation, solid waste management, road network, urban transport, street lighting, redevelopment of inner (old) city area, basic services to urban poor and other social infrastructure). Study of existing setup of departments, issues of inter departmental coordination and review of various projects being executed or proposed. A future perspective for the city clearly showing the direction of change as well as a vision and framework for economic growth and increased access to services. (sectoral agenda, reform agenda, quality of life, urban services, social and gender inclusion etc.) Formulating development strategies in the areas of economic development, governance, land use, urban poor, core municipal infrastructure, urban environment and cultural heritage etc., prioritization and linkage with reform agendas. City Investment Plan (CIP) with clear estimates of investments and financing options, referring to the order of investment needed to implement the perspective and alternative financing strategies. To identify key institutional stakeholders, their financial status report with service provision including an analysis of their credit worthiness and efficiency of the institutional framework.



To prepare population forecast for next 20 for the year 2031 by standard methods and to incorporate the proposed population with approval of the concerned Urban Local Bodies. To consult relevant parastatal department like Sambalpur Development Authority, Berhampur Development Authority, Cuttack Development Authority, Housing Board, Slum Clearance Board, NH, NHAI, Railway, State Electricity Company, Irrigation Department. OSRTC, State R & B, Environment & Forest, Bureau of Economics and Statistics etc. before preparation of CDP so that projects concerned with them are included in the CDP for the advantage of the ULB. To organize meetings and workshops with various stakeholders and to consider the outcomes and issues that arise in such meetings. These outcomes and issues shall be considered while framing the CDP. To give special attention and consideration for the works to be taken in hand for cities that have pertinent potential for developing as tourism center, city of historical and heritage importance, coastal town or tribal town in the over all regional context. To undertake a review of the existing situation analysis with regard to disaster and environmental threats along with and current framework to address these threats, and the strategy / options needed to mitigate such threats. 1.4 Approach and Methodology: The overall approach and methodology for the implementation of the assignment involves collection and analysis of primary and secondary data and discussions and consultations with key stakeholders. The process of developing a CDP has been presented as below:



CDP Process

The study has involved four key phases for the CDP Preparation. Phase 1, focused on current state assessment with assistance from State Urban Development Agency (SUDA) Bhubaneswar. This phase has laid the foundation for planning and undertaking the CDP process and consisted of the following steps:

The City Assessment Opportunities, Strengths, risks and weaknesses unmet demand / gap

Future perspective and vision Direction of change and expectations Future Perspective and Vision

Multi – stakeholder Consultations

Strategies for development Developing options and strategies, prioritizing them and linking them with reform agenda.

City investment plan Developing projects along with costs to arrive at total financial requirements and financing options

Parameters Demography Economic base Financial aspects Physical & environmental aspects Infrastructure Institutions

Sectors / Components Environmental services Social infrastructureUrban renewal. Slum improvement and housing for EWS. Transport and roads Services to the urban poor Gender

Phase 1 Preparatory Phase

Phase 2 Envisioning Phase

Phase 3 Strategizing Phase

Phase 4 Documentation Phase



Initial Meetings: ASCI team has met the key officials of SUDA, the officials of urban local body and other key institutions including the parastatals to initiate the exercise. The exercise has aimed at achieving/ understanding the following: STEP 1: Stakeholder Identification and Analysis ASCI, in consultation with SUDA and local ULB officials has identified the key stakeholders, analysed the importance of each of them in the CDP process and their potential in influencing the process. The stakeholders’ were extensively involved in the CDP process. STEP 2: Initial Stakeholders’ Consultations ASCI with support from SUDA and ULB has organized a city level consultation meeting to obtain the inputs of the key stakeholders. The objective of the consultation meeting was to brief the stakeholders about the CDP initiative, obtain their inputs for the same and inform the progress of activities. The consultations focused on the following:

• Inputs on identification of critical focus areas of city development • Discussions on key issues, concerns and challenges of the city • Garner suggestions and recommendations.

Stakeholder Identification and Analysis

STEP 2

Phase 1

Initial Meetings

STEP 1

Current State Assessment

Stakeholder Consultation for Situational Analysis

STEP 3



STEP 3: Current State Assessment ASCI has undertaken a study of the current situation in the areas of economy, land use, services,poverty finances etc, with the stakeholders’ participation and involvement. The objective of this step was to obtain comprehensive information and consequently, an in-depth understanding of the existing state of affairs in terms of information necessary for preparation of the city development plan. This helped to identify the critical sectors of development and focus areas of CDP. The following approach was adopted for assessing the current situation.

City Assessment

Study the past and existing development plans/ policies/ initiatives with respect to infrastructure, poverty, disaster, gender, economy, environment, etc. and their impact on the

city

Demographic and socio economic status of the city, spatial spread and growth directions; associated issues, strategy options to address key issues

Institutional Arrangements: key stakeholder agencies, their functional and territorial jurisdictions, organizational capacities and associated issues like coordination, overlapping of

jurisdictions etc.

Current level of housing and urban basic services in the city – in terms of quantity, coverage, quality and reliability – current demand supply gaps and future requirement based on

appropriate norms of service delivery/ stakeholder expectations; project identification and description, CIP

Assessment of the financial status of the ULB, bringing out key financial indicators and an assessment or credit worthiness of the stakeholder agency in terms of financial performance

and operating surpluses

Identification of the key issues, challenges and focus areas of growth and development which may include urban poor, areas of inner city for urban renewal, commercial and industrial

establishments, heritage areas, etc.

Forecasting the trends in population growth, infrastructure needs and resource requirements in the short, medium and long term



Phase 2 Envisioning Phase Phase 2 of the study involved envisioning exercise with various key stakeholder organizations. The objective of this phase was to draw up a City Strategic Vision and City Investment Planning for the thrust areas identified, in discussion with SUDA and ULB. STEP 1: Theme Development The vision for the city was evolved around specific themes for development. ASCI has assisted stakeholders in identifying one central or core theme on the basis of defined criteria for economic development of each city, driving the future planning and economic initiatives. The core theme was supported by other themes built around it as sub-themes for growth/ development. Theme Identification Criteria: 1. Potential Economic Impact 2. Multiplier Effect on Other Sectors 3. Uniqueness of Positioning

STEP 2: Thrust Area Identification Subsequently, ASCI has identified the thrust areas taking into consideration the stakeholders aspirations and expectations of key officials of SUDA. Within each thrust area, the development enablers, that require focused attention for the development of each city, were identified.

Theme Development

Thrust Area Identificati

STEP 1

PHASE 2: ENVISIONING PHASE

Future State Definition

Visioning Workshop

Preparation & Refinement of CIP

STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4 STEP 5



STEP 3: Future State Definition Based on the above activities and inputs from the previous exercises, a draft vision was formulated and presented to the key stakeholders for their inputs and approval. STEP 4: Visioning Workshop A visioning workshop was conducted with the key stakeholders to present and discuss the draft vision and year wise sectoral strategies for the city. STEP 5: Preparation and Refinement of CIP Subsequent to formulation of the City Strategic Vision, a City Investment Plan was formulated for various key areas of development, that would be required for achieving the defined vision. Phase 3:Strategizing: This phase has involved identification of specific program and projects in each development area and a brief description of them covering an overview of the proposed program/project including the program/ project goal, objectives, broad financial implications and contribution to the vision actualization. Implementation Action Plan This step involved preparation of an implementation plan with clear milestones for the identified projects to ensure timely implementation and sustainable stakeholder participation.

Thrust Areas For Each City*

Industry Governance Social Development

Economic goals growth

Engines (Focus Industry Sectors)

Stakeholder accountability and

participation streamlining,

administration transparency

equitable service delivery

Poverty reduction and slum

improvement

Social infrastructure

Gender perspective



Implementation Plan

Phase 4: Documentation Phase This phase has involved sharing of all the reports and outputs with SUDA, ULB and key stakeholders and finalizing the same after incorporating their feedback. These outputs are documented for the purpose of wider dissemination. 1.5 Integrating gender concern in all the process: A key thrust of the CDP is to bring gender focus in the preparation of CDP, this has been presented through following.

1. Stakeholder consultation and FGD’s were help separately for women and men. 2. Wherever possible, primary and secondary data was collected analyzed and

prescribed separately for women and men. 3. The strategies for city investment plan were prepared incorporating the gender

development.

1.6 Spatial Coverage of Cuttack city Development Plan The spatial coverage of the proposed Cuttack CDP was determined based on the Following

1. Mapping of the present municipal area 192.5 Sq.Km, development area 274.37 sq.km. 2. City reconnaissance to understand the growth potential, growth direction and extent of

growth on the city outskirts. 3. Consultations with pertinent stakeholders on the city’s future growth potential and

directions of growth vis-à-vis the proposed coverage of the CDP. 4. Report prepared by the IIT Kharagpur on the proposed perspective plan – vision 2030

and comprehensive development plan for Bhubaneswar-Cuttack Urban complex.

Programs/ Project Identified

Responsible agency/Stakeholder

Estimated Duration

Programs Program 1 Program n Project Project 1 Project n



The area of Cuttack Municipal Corporation is 192.5 sq.kms, which includes Kathajori and Mahanadi rivers. Development area of 274.37 sq.kms is considered as city development plan area, due to the limited area available for future growth of the city. This area covers Cuttack Municipal Corporation, Chowdwar Municipality and Cuttack Development Auhtority rural area.

1.6 Timeframe for CDP

Based on the discussions with stakeholders, following timeframe for CDP is suggested: Start date – 2008 Mid period – 2011 and 2021 End date – 2028; however, the end date is rounded off to the closest census year of 2031.

1.7 The Relationship Between Master Plan And CDP

Master Plan is a spatial document. CDP is a far more comprehensive vision document and would subsume the master plan. CDP should indicate the direction in which the city would like to move on. The City Development plan area of Cuttack city is equal to the master plan area.

Particulars Area in Sq.Kms Municipal Corporation Area 192.5

Master Plan Area 274.37 City Development Plan Area 274.37

.



CHAPTER 2 – City Profile, Demography and Economy

2.1 City Profile: Cuttack city is the former capital and one of the oldest cities of Orissa. It is the administrative headquarters of the district and is situated at a distance of about 25 km. to the north of Bhubaneswar, the present capital of Orissa. The city is located on low fine sand plateau, and it is well connected with the major Indian Metropolis like Kolkata, Chennai and New Delhi and other urban centres of Orissa through a network of roads and rails. The National Highway No.5 linking Kolkata and Chennai passes through Cuttack. The geography of city restricts the growth on any direction due to existence of Kathajori and Mahanadi rivers on three sides leaving the eastern side towards Jagatsinghpur District and Port Paradeep for limited expansion. The city is world famous for its silver and gold filigree works, so it is called the silver city of Orissa. The brief profile of the city is presented in below table.

Table 2-1City Profile

Population (2001 census) 5,35,139 Area in sq. km of Cuttack Municipal Corporation

192.5

Development Area in sq. km 274.37 Number of Wards in Municipal Corporation

48

Year of Establishment of Municipality

1876

Year of Establishment of Municipal Corporation

1994 Latitude: 85o 53’ Longitude: 20o 28’ Geographical Location Elevation from the mean sea level (in feet): 88 Air: The nearest airport is situated at Bhubaneswar.

Rail: Cuttack is on the East Coast Railway with direct rail link to Kolkata, Delhi, Hyderabad and Chennai, Bangalore, Kochi, Patna, Guahati, Bhubaneswar & Puri, Kochi.

Connectivity

Road: Cuttack is 29-km from Bhubaneswar by road The National Highway No. 5 (Culcatta-Chennai) passes through the city.



Climate Temperature Summer - Max.40oC, Min.27.1oC; Winter - Max.28.2oC, Min.15.2oC. Average Annual Rainfall: Mid June-September 60 inches (152 cms) Humidity: 80 –90%

2.2 Regional Setting: The regional setting of any city not only forms the base for its further development but also has a great influence towards improving its economy and raising its standards.

Cuttack is no exception to the above fact. By virtue of its centrality, location, salubrious climate and propulsive effects of a growing city, its regional setting can be understood in respect of following three characteristics:

o State of Orissa

o Old capital Sub-Region

o Golden Triangle of Tourism

It is situated at the apex of the Mahanadi Delta one of the fertile deltas of the country. The uniqueness of this position is further elevated by the regional transportation networks passing through Cuttack. The high and rugged land to the West and the featureless alluvial plains to the East have forced all the communication routes through Cuttack. The location of Cuttack on the National Highway No. 5 connecting Chennai & Kolkata gives the necessary accessibility to the metropolitan cities of the country. Both the lifelines of Southeast India i.e. National Highway No. 5 and Kolkata-Chennai railway line of the South-Eastern Railway pass through the city. These linkages not only connect the two metropolitan cities but also help to connect other important towns such as Berhampur, Chilka, Bhubaneswar, to the south of Orissa and Balasore and Bhadrak to the North of Cuttack. It is also very well connected to Choudwar, a major industrial centre to the North of Cuttack through the Mahanadi & Birupa Bridges. It is also connected to Sukhinda mines to the North-East of Cuttack, Talcher an industrial centre, to the North-West of Cuttack, a fast emerging industrial center.

So far as regional transportation system is concerned Cuttack is connected to other important towns in the North & North-West, like Sambalpur, Rourkela, Balangir, Rajgaonpur, Jharsaguda and Sundargarh through National Highway No. 42 and other state Highways and rail linkages and to the East, the Taldanga canals as well as Paradeep port. Cuttack is also very well connected by road and rail with Bhubaneswar, the new capital of Orissa and an



administrative and institutional centre at a distance of 30 kms as well as Puri and Konark, places of international religious importance and tourist attraction at a distance of 90 kms from Cuttack. Thus, the commanding position of Cuttack is reinforced by these transportation networks, which connect the town to almost each and every important town within the state as well as some of the significant towns and metropolis outside the state.

2.3 Physical Characteristics: 2.3.1 Geographical Location and Topography:

The city is located in the Eastern Part of India on 20o 29’ North Latitude and 85o - 52’ East Longitude in the coastal plain of District Cuttack. The important natural boundaries are the rivers Mahanadi, Kathajori, Birupa and Kuakhai. The maximum width of the city is 2.5 miles from north to south and its’ maximum length is 8.5 miles from east to west.

Location Map of Cuttack City

Figure 2-1 Location Map of Cuttack City

2.3.2 Topography and Drainage Channel:

The accumulation of sand over the years in the riverbed has resulted the riverbed being comparatively higher than the average level of the town area. Therefore topography of

Cuttack



Cuttack is typical saucer-shaped with the riverbed being at a higher level than that of the city. The average elevation is 30.72 meters above the mean sea level. The general topography of the town is gently sloping from West to East.

2.3.3 Climatic Conditions: Cuttack falls within what is meteorologically a coastal division. Accordingly, it has got three seasons characteristic of maritime tropical countries namely the cold weather, the hot weather and the monsoon weather. The tracks of storm that cross the Bay of Bengal during South West monsoon passes over the City. Temperature varies from 15o Celsius to 40o Celsius. The major monsoon season is June to September.

2.4 Historical Importance of the city: The history of Cuttack City amply justifies its name. The KATAKA, etymologically means, army Cantonment and also old Capital City. It started as a military cantonment because of its impregnable situation and then developed to be the Capital of the State. The choice of Cuttack as a Capital by the early rulers was motivated by the protection offered by the physical features of its defense.

Both physical and economic development of Cuttack came into being after the occupation of Cuttack by the Britishers in 1803, from 1916 AD, after the construction of bridges on Rivers Mahanadi, Birupa, Brahmani and Baitarani, and implementation of the plan for the National and Express Highways, the economy of Cuttack has grown substantially as its hinterlands were extended towards West as well as to North and North-East of Cuttack. Cuttack has been enjoying all along the unique privilege of being the administrative and commercial nerve center of Orissa. The Bengal Nagpur Railway line presently known as Howrah-Chennai Railway line under South-Eastern Railway was introduced in 1919 connecting Cuttack with Chennai and Kolkata. This provided enormous opportunities for trade and inland communications with Cuttack creating facilities for the healthy growth of the township.

2.5 Area and Population

2.5.1 Introduction: Cuttack Municipal Corporation came into being with effect from 05.08.1994. The total Corporation area has been divided into 48 wards. It comprises an area of 192.5 Sq. Km.



having a population of 5,35,139 as per provisional Census Report of 2001. From the total of 5,35,139 population comprising of 2,86,192 males and 2,48,947 females. Area of the population has grown up from 81.4 Sq.Km in 1971 to 192.5 Sq.Km in 2001.The actual city area is about 78 Sq.Km excluding the area of river. Hence the gross population density of the city is 6860 persons per Sq. km. Total number of households according to 2001 census were 101153. Cuttack Development authority area is 274.3 Sq.Kms and having a population of 653457 as per 2001 Census.

Figure 2-2 Cuttack Ward Boundary Map



Figure 2-3 Ward wise population density

<1200

1201-2400

2401-3600

3601-4800

4801-6000

6001-8000



2.5.2 Population Growth Trends

The Decadal growth rate in population was the highest in 1971-1981 at around 52 percent, which has declined over the following decades of 1991 and 2001 to 34 percent and 32 percent respectively. The reasons for decline in population growth rate are decrease in migration rate, little scope for physical expansion of the city and frequent floods. The city’s growth rate at 32 percent according to 2001 census is almost near to the state urban growth rate of 30.28. Although the floating population of Cuttack is not yet enumerated, it is reported that the city receives a sizable floating population throughout the year. Below table shows the decadal wise area, population, density and population growth rates.

Table 2-2 Population growth trends

Year Area of the City (in sq. kms)

Population

Density per Sq.km (Popl’n/ Unit Area)

Population Growth Rate

1951 -- 1,01,005 -- -- 1961 -- 1,42,308 -- 41 1971 81.42 1,94,068 -- 36 1981 -- 2,94,966 -- 52 1991 121.91 4,03,418 3309 37 2001 125.86 5,34,139 4248 32 2007 192.5 650000 3385 22 Source: District Statistical Hand Book Cuttack 2005

2.5.3 Density: Density map of CMC shows that ward no 12 has the highest density of about 6001-8000 persons per sq.km. Ward numbers 8,14,16,and 21 has next highest population density of 3601 to 4800.The central part of the city accomplishes high density. City outskirts have a density lower than 1200 persons per square kilometer. The future population of the city may accommodate in 14 low-density wards, which are 2,4,8,10,11,20,31,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48.

Figure 2-4Population growth trend and growth rate

Population Growth Rate

40.8936.37

51.99

33.71 32.53

0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.00

1961 1971 1981 1991 2001



2.6 Socio- Economic Characteristics: Table 2-3 Socio- Economic Details

According to 2001 census the sex ratio of the city is 870. The average family size is 5. City has significant percentage of SC and ST Population.

2.6.1 Key Socio – Economic Features It is observed that sex ratio of the city is lower than the state urban sex ratio of 895 and national urban sex ratio of 910. Population of the city belongs to various religions like Hindus, Muslims, and Christians etc.

The literacy rate of the city is high compared to the state and capital city. Female literacy rate is 79 percent, which is about 10 percent lower than the male literacy rate. Female literacy rate of the city is higher than that of national figure of 54.2 percent. Male literacy rate is also higher than the national figure of 75.9 percent. Low sex ratio is due to low literacy rate of women and also because of high poverty levels in the city.

The table below presents the key socio-economic features of the Cuttack city in comparison with the urban Orissa and state Capital.

Table 2-4 Key socio-economic features

Particulars Orissa (Urban Area)

Bhubaneswar Cuttack City

Urban Sex Ratio (female per 1000 Male) 895 796 870 Literacy Rate (Percent) 81.00 78.02 85 Workers Participation Rate (Percent) 30.62 33.30 32.2 Proportion Main Workers to total workers (Percent)

89.8 94.76 92.1

Source: District statistical handbook 2001-2002, CDP Bhubaneswar. 2.6.2 Details of Occupational Pattern About 32% population of the city are workers and 68% are non-workers. There is a two percent increase in workforce participation and also significant increase in women workforce participation rate from 8 % to 13 % in the last two decades from 1991 to 2001. Below table presents the total workers and non-workers of last two decades.

Sex ratio 870 : 1000 SC population 69,502 (13%) ST Population 6223 (1.2%) Total Literates 454868 (85.0%) Male Literacy rate 89.5 % Female Literacy rate 79.6 % Total Workers 1,71,761 Male workers 1,48,879 Female workers 2,28,82 Total house holds 1,01,153 Average family size 5



Table 2-5 Total workers and Non Workers

S. No Category 1991 2001 No. Percentage No. Percentage1 Total Workers 123310 30.6 171761 32.2 Male 112935 91.6 148879 86.7 Female 10375 8.4 22882 13.3 2 Non workers 280108 69.4 362893 67.8 Male 111448 39.8 136959 37.7 Female 168660 60.2 225934 62.3

Table-2.6 Occupational pattern Source: District Statistical Hand Book Cuttack 1995 and 2005

There is a substantial growth rate of marginal workers from 1001 in 1991 to 13637 in 2001. The female marginal workers contribute high in numbers in 2001 compared to 1991 figures, probably due to low literacy rate and low skill level of women.

Table 2-6 Main and Marginal Workers details

S. No Category 1991 2001 No. No. 1 Total Workers 123310 171761 Male 112935 148879 Female 10375 22882 2 Main workers 122309 158124 Male 112325 140037 Female 9984 18087 3 Marginal Workers 1001 13637 Male 610 8842 Female 391 4795

Source: District Statistical Hand Book Cuttack 1995 and 2005 2.6.3 Economic Base, Occupational Distribution: Category-wise distribution of workers in Cuttack shows that 1.2% are agricultural based workers and 3.1% are household industry workers and the remaining 95.7% belong to other services. Among 95.7% of workers, majority is engaged in service in Govt. or Private Sector, manufacturing, trade, commerce and transportation related activities.



Table 2-7 Occupational Categories

Occupation category Number 1991 % Of total 1991

Number 2001 % Of total 2001

Cultivators CL 849 0.7 734 0.4 Agricultural labors AL 1705 1.4 1,366 0.8 Household Industry HHI 2903 2.4 5,400 3.1 Other Workers OW 113852 95.4 164,261 95.7 Total 119309 100 171,761 100 Source: Municipal Statistical Year Book, 1991 and 2001 Above figures show that in comparison to 1991 there is a drop in number of cultivators and agricultural labours in the year 2001. Household Industry and other workers have increased significantly. The classification of main workers indicates that trade and commerce and other services together contributes more than 60 % percent of main workers. Next to that manufacturing other than HHI and transport and storage together contributes about 30 percent of main workers. This indicates that Cuttack economy is quite diversified.

Table 2-8 Classification of main workers

Classification of main workers No's Percentage Primary Sector

Cultivators 849 1% Agricultural Labours 1705 1% Live stock, Forestry, fishing, Hunting and plantation, orchards and allied activities 2665 2% Mining and Quarrying 141 0%

Secondary Sector Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing and Repairs in HHI 2903 2% Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing and Repairs in Others than HHI 19274 16% Construction 3758 3%

Tertiary Sector Trade and Commerce 33301 28% Transport and Storage and Communications 12757 11% Other Services 41956 35% Total 119309 100% Source: District Statistical Hand Book, 1991 Census As, it is seen from the table, primary sector employment contributes very little to the urban economy. Primary sector employment is assumed to decline with the increase in population because of the increasing pressure on the land, acquiring of rural land for urban development and introduction of new techniques in the field. Secondary and tertiary sector is assumed to grow in a pattern consistent with the current trends.



Manufacturing industries and construction labour will increase with the improvement of infrastructure, allocation of space and increased accessibility in future. Tertiary sector employment will also increase both in percentage and absolute number and trade and commerce will further boost up due to increase in wholesale activities, development of organised market centres and better linkages. Employment in the transport sector will also increase in absolute number though the overall percentage may remain same. The percentage of employment in other services is also likely to increase owing to more specialization and intensification of activities. Social indicators: With regards to the social indicators it is found that there is a significant difference between males and females with regard to literacy rate, sex ratio and work force participation rate are yet to progress. Women participation and decision making in community, ward and municipality is also not up to the desired level. Other facilities: There are 273 educational institutions which includes 118 Primary Schools, 64 M.E. Schools, 64 High Schools, 17 Colleges, One Medical College, 2 Engineering Colleges, 2 Law Colleges, 2 Training Colleges and 3 Industrial Training Institutes. City has also got good health facilities. Often people from Bhubaneswar visit Cuttack for health checkups. There are 9 Hospitals, 23 Dispensaries, 6 Medical Units, and 9 Nursing Homes. Cuttack was an administrative center of the state, has got many central and state government offices in its jurisdiction including high court. It has got very limited open space for recreation due to its restricted boundaries.

Table 2-9 Other facilities Source: CMC Website

Other Facilities No’s Central Government Offices 27 Central Quasi Government Offices, 25 Semi-Government Offices, 46 State Government Offices 182 Private/Corporations 99 Fire Stations 2 Police outposts 17 Bus Stands, 4 Play Grounds 3 Parks 8



2.7 Trade and Commerce: 2.7.1. Trade and commerce in the city Cuttack is known for its trade and commerce and most of the important wholesale market areas like Malgodown, Kesharpur, Ranihat, Choudhury Bazar, Balubazar are located in the city. The commercial influence zone of Cuttack is not restricted within the state of Orissa, but extents to its vast hinterland throughout India.

The commercial growth of Cuttack has been accelerated by a number of newly emerged economic growth magnets in its vicinity like Choudwar, Barang and Talcher Industrial Complex, which continue to depend upon Cuttack for their major commercial needs. Cuttack is also well connected with Paradeep port, which indirectly helps the development of commercial activity through its international trade.

2.7.2 Whole sale market: Malgodown Malgodown area lies near the transportation corridors like the O.M.P. Road, Taldanga Canal and the S.E. Railway line. It’s the biggest market in Orissa and its influence zone is all over the Orissa state as well as outside of it.

The total area of the market is about 5 Acres. A part of land belongs to railways, who has given on lease for 99 years. The land rent is being paid to railways and building rent to the municipal corporation by wholesale shop owners. There are around 5,000 workers and the daily revenue is of approximately Rs1 crore.

Following are the key Issues faced by the Malgodown Market:

• No parking place for trucks.

• Absence of public toilets

• The vehicles parked on the roadside creating congestion in the market.

• The existing structures are very old and need to rebuild them.

• Lack of safety for goods in the market.

• Absence of dustbins.

2.8 Tourism: Cuttack offers varied attractions to the visitors. Some of the tourist spots are Cuttack Chandi, Qadam-I-Rasool, Netaji Seva Sadan, Paramhansa, Dhabaleswa, Barabati Stadium, Orissa High Court, Ansupa Lake, Naraj Picnic Spot etc. The city is located close to the capital and it



has got good rail and road connectivity to most of the important destinations in Orissa as well as in India. It is found that around 356691 tourists visited the place in the year 2006.The city has got good number of hotels and restaurants for boarding and lodging of tourists.

Table 2-10 Tourism

Year Domestic Foreign Total

2004 339559 242 33981

2005 347370 248 347618

2006 356509 182 356691 Source: Tourist Department, Cuttack Above table shows that there is a significant increase in domestic tourists but at the same time

number of foreign tourists is declining over the last three years due to natural disasters and

also due to health related concerns. Following are the tourist attraction places in and around

the city.

Barabati Fort :

Constructed originally during the Ganga rule in the 13th Century A.D., it is surrounded by moat and double enclosures. Among the structural remains of the fort, the arched gateway and a mosque of Fath khan are interesting.

Deer Park: Deer Park is situated in Madhusudhan Nagar. It is a place for nature lovers. With a lot of beautiful Deers running here and their stops the breath of it's visitors. It is all about excitement, entertainment, and experience of beauty around the woods.

Dhabaleswar : It is situated at a distance of 7 kms. from Cuttack on the bed of river Mahanadi. It is famous for the Dhabaleswar temple . A large festival is celebrated here in the Indian traditional month of Kartik .(November month).

Qadam- I- Rasool : Situated in the centre of the city it is sacred to the Hindus as well as the Muslims. This 18th century shrine shelters the footprints of Prophet Mohammed on a circular stone in its central mosque. There are two more beautiful mosques and a music gallery. Paramahasanath temple : People visit the Paramahansanath of Shiva on a holy day . The temple on the outskirts of the town is famous for its water hole (Ananta garva),which floods



the sanctum santorum on holy occasions. Banki : 52-km from Cuttack, has the shrine of Goddess Charchika on the bank of the Mahanadi. The eight-armed deity of Chamunda is worshipped here according to tantric rites. A temple is situated on a hillock in that place dedicated to the Goddess Charchika . Mahavinayak : At a distance of 2 kms. from Chandikhol to the West is the seat of famous Ancient Shiva temple of Mahavinayak. Chhatia : It is situated at the distance of 35 kms. from Cuttack. It is famous for Lord Jagannath Temple. Baneswar : It is situated on the bed of the river Mahanadi and is famous for the Shiva temple and the tourists can enjoy the beauty of the nature. Niali-Madhab : It is situated at a distance of 42 km. from Cuttack. It is famous for the temple of Sovaneswara Shiva. Ansupa : It is a beautiful lake and is situated at the distance of 60 kms from Cuttack. The charming nature attracts the tourists. The lake is a heaven for migratory birds in winter. The lake offers facilities for boating and fishing. Naraja : This is one of the scenic spots on the bank of the Mahanadi in the south, which boasts of many Buddhist images. It is 15 kms. from Cuttack.

2.9 Culture & Heritage: Cuttack acts as bridge linking the past, present and future of state’s History and Heritage.It is one of the old cities of India with her life spread over more than thousand years being famous as the: Millennium City”. Orissa has several festivals. All those festivals are celebrated in a grand way at Cuttack. But the Unique festivals of Cuttack are Baliyatra and Durga Puja. "Bali Yatra" is held in the bank of river Mahanadi and infront of the Barabati fort at Cuttack . This is held on the full moon day of Kartika and lasts about 7 to 8 days. This fair is also called as second kumbha mela, because here a buyer can everything from needle to car , even residential plots.



Traders from all over the State flock to Cuttack to participate in the Baliyatra held near the ancient Barabati Fort. For nearly a week, the entire town is crowded with visitors to the fair, who enjoy the rides and games, and savour typical Baliyatra delicacies. Durga Puja is celebrated in the month of October, celebrations start weeks ahead. The entire state strikes a different chord altogether echoing the music of bonhomie, brotherhood and festivity. Durga Puja symbolises the commemoration of good over evil. Life comes to a stand-still in the city of Cuttack as crowds pour over the Puja Mandaps to enjoy the festivities. On the day succeeding ‘Vijaya Dasami’, the last day of Dussera, the images are taken in a spectacular procession for immersion in the river Kathajodi. 2.9 Industrial Activities: Handicraft sector Cuttack is famous for silver filigree works throughout the country. The industrial culture of manufacture of handicrafts has been evolved since seventeenth century. Particularly silver filigree, horn works, patta chitra and dokhra casting were recognized during British rule. About 680 artisans are engaged in silver filigree work and around 60 skilled workers in Appliqué work in Cuttack city. Small-scale sector: The city is also having many small-scale industries like leather, food and allied products , paper products etc.

Large and Medium Scale Industries

Medium and large scale manufacturing industries are mostly post independence manifestation in Cuttack. They are mainly glass, textiles, paper, soft drinks, power loom products, and jute fabrics. Large-scale industries (O.T.M., ICCL, etc) were established at Choudwar, whereas small and medium scale industries have developed near the Jagatpur industrial estate, towards the north bank of river Mahanadi.

Thus, with proper incentives offered by the government in promoting the private sector, Cuttack, in future, may further develop as an industrial centre of Orissa with the concentration of household, small medium and large-scale industries.

City Development Plan for Cuttack city


CHAPTER 3 -- Land use and Urban Environment

3.1 Land Use Land use pattern is a reflection of activities over the physical space. The knowledge of existing land use is a basic factor in the planning process. The quality of urban life and functional efficiency of a city is dependent on proper disposition of activities, the inter relationships it offers between the work centers, living areas and recreational areas. The present land uses have been studied broadly, throwing light on the quantity of land available for urban uses and the functional relationship between the various uses.

3.1.1 Land Use Details of Cuttack: The city of Cuttack can be divided into four longitudinal zones:

Western Zone Central Zone Eastern Zone Northern Zone

The Western Zone of the city has got a very low density and is gradually being filled up in the past few years. The Western zone mainly consists of residential, institutional and recreational land uses. The Central Zone is the most densely developed portion of the city, in contradiction to the Western Zone. It forms the congested core of the city. Thus the central zone has an admixture of institutional, health and educational public and semi public, retail and wholesale, warehouses, engineering workshops, industrial and transportation activities that are incompatible land uses which result in acute congestion and deterioration of the physical environment. The Eastern Zone mainly comprises of the industrial estate, institutional land use like J.K.B.K. College and C.R.R.I. and other government colonies, which exhibits a mediocre density development. This zone also has some pockets of vacant land in a disintegrated manner, which can be used for future expansion of different land uses. The Northern Zone comprises mainly of the Jagatpur industrial estate having small scale and medium scale industries. It also comprises of a few scattered settlements and agricultural land. The Government has proposed to convert this area into industrial zone exclusively.



Thus the city of Cuttack shows an organic growth over a period of time with heavily built up mixed land uses of residential, commercial and industrial activities. Most of the land uses do not have adequate space and are not fit in the environment of the area where they are located due to various factors such as type of service required by them, traffic hazards and obstruction to the harmony of uses with the surrounding areas.

Source: Comprehensive development plan The existing land use shows that about 40 percent of the area is covered by residential use and only 5 percent by transportation, which is very low compared to the norms of 12-14 percent according to UDPFI Guidelines. The city is having very narrow internal roads and inadequate parking places. The recreational place is very less in the city, which is only 1 percent of total land use.

Land use % Area

Residential 39.80 Commercial/Institutional 3.05 Public-Semi Public Institutions 5.44 Industrial 2.43 Transportation Infrastructure 5.18 Utilities & Services 2.71 Recreational 1.12 Agricultural Land 14.24 Vegetation/Forest Land 15.05 Water bodies 6.58

Vacant Land 4.39 Total 100.00



Figure 3-1 Land Use Map

Map – 3.1 Land use Map Source: Comprehensive development plan of Bhubaneswar –Cuttack urban complex The master plan of the city is very old which was prepared 40 years ago. Government of Orissa assigned the task of preparing perspective plan vision 2030 and comprehensive development plan for Bhubaneswar and Cuttack complex, to the department of architecture and planning IIT Kharagpur. The work is under progress. 3.1.2 Growth pattern of the city:

The age old city of Cuttack has developed over a period of time and a number of factors are responsible for its growth as a linear city. However, urbanization has progressed at a faster rate recently resulting in the overspill of urban population beyond the municipal limits and is discernible in the form of urban outgrowth in the immediate surrounding. Due to its strategic geography, physical expansion of Cuttack towards north and south is limited. Non-

Residential Use Commercial Institutional Industrial Green areas Open space Water



availability of government land inside the urban area also creates the problem of land acquisition for any development works. In eastern side beyond National Highway, the urban area has extended as far as and beyond Biribati, Sartol, Jagatpur, Nakhara and Bidyadharpur, Central Rice Research Institute and other government colonies. The development in these areas has several pockets of habitations with intermediate pockets of vacant lands. Hence, continuity is not maintained and proper integration of development has not been achieved so far. There is also scarcity of government land for commerce, educational institutions, and other urban activities by the corporate bodies and various departments of government.

Except for the O.M.P. Organisation, Chauliaganj Police Station, P.G. Hostel of Ravenshaw College and a small area of Nayabazar, Cuttack city had not spread on the east of railway line till the year 1960. After development of Paradeep Port and construction of fly-over across railway line, urban growth in these areas expanded rapidly. In this part of the city Mahanadi Vihar a planned CDA sector has come up in 1975-80 with 1600 plots to house a population of around 10,000 over an area of 45 hectares on the banks of river Mahanadi. Abhinab Bidanasi is also a planned development area by CDA to cater to a population of about 1.5 lakhs in 12 sectors covering 20000 plots over 750 hectares. Development of this area came up during the period 1985 to 90. This locality is at the western tip of the Mahanadi-Kathajodi and close to the point of bifurcation of the rivers.

There is a great potential for growth towards eastern side of the city that is towards Paradeep airport and also towards northern side, where Jagatpur area municipality is located. Limited scope of spatial expansion is also possible towards southern side and western side of the city. The central part of the city has already got saturated hence the future population of the city can be distributed towards western side of the city.

The below map shows the future potentials for development of Cuttack city.



Residential area

Industrial Complex

Transport Node

Growth Corridor

Figure 3-2 Future Growth Direction



3.2 Urban Environment 3.2.1 Introduction: The City’s environment is no different from any Indian cities with ancient origin. The same features of over crowded localities with little room for passage for any public convenience is abundantly encountered in most part of the city area. Until recent times Cuttack city’s faecal disposal was by scavenging and presently in most areas the household sewage is flushed or washed into the open road side drains which lead to the main open drains. Due to unsystematic solid waste evacuation, most of these wastes find their way into the drains clogging and choking vast stretches of the open drains resulting in wastewater flowing all ways. In earlier times there were a number of kattas and ponds, which used to retain and moderate the storm water runoff into the drains. These ponds were progressingly encroached and structures raised over the area causing flooding of adjoining localities even during moderate rains. The problem gets magnified due to inadequate capacity of drains and lack of escape vents, which need remodeling to be effective. The city has many scattered low-lying pockets with little scope for natural drainage. The main part of the city area exists in between two rivers, Kathajori on south and Mahanadi on north covering an area of 33 Sq.Km having a saucer like shape. The city is prone to natural disasters such as cyclone, heavy rainfall and floods, heat waves etc. Major earthquake has not occurred so far. 3.2.2 Climate The climate of the city is mostly subtropical, hot and humid with mean maximum temperature in summer hovering around 40oC and mean winter minimum temperature going down to around 15oC. The average rainfall is around 1557 mm. About 73% of the total annual rainfall is received during the months of June to September due to strong activity of South-West monsoon and about 15% of total annual rainfall is availed during the months of October and November, most of those from cyclonic disturbances in the bay as well as the activities of north – east winds. The climate is largely influenced by conditions at sea. Cyclone storms are common occurrences in this region. 3.2.3 Topographical features The general topography of the city, which is spread over an area of 192.5 sqkm is gentle and sloping from west to east. The city is plain but with a saucer like shape. The general ground levels inside the city are low and below high flood levels of the two rivers. Mahanadi



in the north and Kathajori in the south. The high ground elevations, which are towards the banks of the rivers are EL 30m in the north and EL 20m in the south and to the east of city. The central part of the city is low with an elevation close to EL 17m. The Jobra barrage across Mahanadi is at the city’s center. Taladanda canal, off-taking from the bank of the Mahanadi at Jobra, carries water to irrigate the doab between Mahanadi and Kathajori. This canal passes along the central areas of city and flows towards east. There are two main storm water drains. The first storm water drain runs from west to east and drains the area in between Taladanda canal and Kathajori river and other city areas upstream of Jobra barrage. This drain lets out the water into Kathajori river, both at Khananagar and Matagajpur through controlled sluices. The second drain also runs along the west-east direction to drain out the area between Taladanda Canal and Mahanadi river and lets out into the Mahanadi river through Guluguli sluice. To protect the city from floods in the rivers, king Markata Keshari, the erstwhile ruler of Orissa in 1006 AD had built a stone protective embankment along the river Kathajori and stone revetment along the bank of Mahanadi. During the period 1983 to 88 the Mahanadi and Kathajori embankments were strengthened. Four lanes Ring Road, which encircle the city, are aligned along these embankments. 3.2.4 Water Pollution Status of water Tanks/ Ponds:

The ancient ponds which at one time numbered to more than 1200 in the city area, used to

hold excess storm run-off. These are now reduced to barely 10. The places where there were

ponds (earlier) have been occupied by multistoried buildings. This aggravates the process of

water logging. After physical Verification eight nos. of ponds having a recorded area of

0.035 sq.kms and well approached has been considered for development and preservation

under UIDSSMT Scheme. Though some other ponds also exist in the city, those can't be

developed due to land dispute and in accessibility.

The ponds of the Cuttack city have significant role in storm water drainage, as they trap a substantial quantity of storm water during rainy season and reduce the load on city's drainage network. They also contribute to the earth's water cycle as evaporators and replenish the under ground water table. These ponds are in complete derelict condition and the rot has set in due to contamination, accumulation of sediment and encroachments.



Figure 3-3 location of ponds selected under UIDSSMT Scheme



3.2.5 Hazardous and Bio-Medical Waste There are 108 Health Care Units operating in Cuttack city of which one unit has more than 1000 beds. It is having full-fledged treatment and disposal facility of its own which comprises of incinerator, microwave & shredder. Most of other units hand over their waste to common treatment facility located outside Cuttack city. 3.2.6 Urban Greening - Urban Parks and Open spaces The CMC is having a total of 27 parks and the area covered under plantation is 138 Hectares, which is about 0.04 percent of the total area of the Cuttack municipal corporation. The Cuttack municipal corporation is responsible for maintenance of public parks and playgrounds. The center of the city lacks open places, which creates the image of a concrete jungle. 3.2.7 Water logging and low laying areas: The city suffers from severe flooding and water logging. It gets inundated during heavy down pours due to inadequate drainage systems coupled with back water stage of the rivers in high flood. There are also a number of lower pockets in the city, from where storm water does not get evacuated through the existing drainage system. During rainy seasons, the sewage and storm water mix together and find their way into the households creating unhygienic situation in many such pockets/localities. During 2003 monsoon period, the situation of Cuttack city aggravated due to continuous heavy rainfall throughout city followed by high flood in the rivers. The storm water drain could not discharge to rivers for more than 29 days in the month of August, September and October due to flood lockage. Over 80 percent of the city has been waterlogged due to incessant rains and inefficient drainage system. Ward number 2 has highest number of waterlogging areas which is located extreme western part of the city. 3.2.8 Key Issues and Concerns

1. The city suffers severely from flooding and water logging mainly due to high water levels of the rivers and inadequate drainage systems.

2. The future growth of the city is restricted due to presence of river as a natural boundary.

3. Most of the slum dwellers residing along the river use riverbed for sanitation purpose, which is polluting and contaminating the river water.



4. There is no proper solid waste management system, 90 percent of waste generated from different sectors is disposing on riverbed.

5. No systematic drainage system is existing in many parts of the city, yet the city has been growing at rapid pace. The vacant areas and low lands have progressively got filled-up with building constructions.

6. The city-drains usually get blocked due to indiscriminate dumping of solid waste in the drains as there is no proper solid waste management system.



CHAPTER 4 –Disaster Management 4.1 Introduction: There has been an increase in the incidence of natural disasters worldwide with increasing loss of life and damage to property. The risk of disasters can also be expected to rise in the future, particularly for developing countries populations. There are two reasons for this trend:

• An increase in extreme natural events, primarily due to climatic change • Increased vulnerability of populations to these natural events

Natural disasters are closely bound up with the development status of a region: They disrupt or impair development and, at the same time, a low level of development increases the chances of them occurring. Supported in part by bilateral and multilateral donors, many countries are stepping up their efforts to prevent disaster. The idea is that effective precautions will avert future disasters or at least mitigate them. This in turn will help stabilize development in partner countries. Containing the hazards and reducing vulnerability can lower disaster risk. Significance of this chapter is to elevate the importance of disaster mitigation plan at city level and its function in city development plan.

4.2 Disaster in Orissa: Orissa is vulnerable to multiple disasters. Due to its sub-tropical littoral location, the state is prone to tropical cyclones, storm surges and tsunamis. Its densely populated coastal plains are the alluvial deposits of its river systems. The rivers in these areas with heavy load of silt have very little carrying capacity, resulting in frequent floods, only to be compounded by breached embankments. Though a large part of the state comes under Earthquake Risk Zone-II (Low Damage Risk Zone), the Brahmani Mahanadi graben and their deltaic areas come under Earthquake Risk Zone-III (Moderate Damage Risk Zone) covering 43 out of the 103 urban local bodies of the state.



4.3 Patterns of Disasters:

4.3.1 Floods: The 482 km long of coastline of Orissa exposes the State to flood, cyclones and storm surges. Heavy rainfall during monsoon causes floods in the rivers. Flow of water from neighbouring States of Jharkhand and Chattisgarh also contributes to flooding. The flat coastal belts with poor drainage, high degree of siltation of the rivers, soil erosion, breaching of the embankments and spilling of floodwaters over them, cause severe floods in the river basin and delta areas. In Orissa, rivers such as the mahanadi, Subarnarekha, Brahmani, Baitarani, Rushikulya, Vansadhara and their many tributaries and branches flowing through the State expose vast areas to floods. In Orissa, damages are caused due to floods mainly in the Mahanadi, the Brahmani, and the Baitarani. These rivers have a common delta where flood waters intermingle, and when in spate simultaneously, wreak considerable havoc. This problem becomes even more acute when floods coincide with high tide. The water level rises due to deposits of silt on the river-bed. Rivers often overflow their banks or water rushes through new channels causing heavy damages. Floods and drainage congestion also affect the lower reaches along the Subarnarekha. The rivers Rusikulya, Vansadhara and Budhabalanga also cause occasional floods. The entire coastal belt is prone to storm surges. The storms that produce tidal surges are usually accompanied by heavy rain fall making the coastal belt vulnerable to both floods and storm surges. People die; livestock perish; houses are washed away; paddy and other crops are lost and roads and bridges are damaged. The floods of 1980, 1982, 2001 and 2003 in the State were particularly severe; property worth crores of rupees was destroyed in the floods. 4.3.2 Cyclone: Cuttack district is in a very high damage risk zone, Berhampur and Sambalpur districts are in moderate damage risk zones from wind and cyclones. But the cyclone of 1999 affected Berhampur the most out of the three.



Figure 4-1 Wind and Cyclone Zones in Orissa

Figure 4-2 Map showing the disaster affected areas in Orissa



The super cyclonic storm has weakened into a well marked low pressure over south-coastal Orissa, north-coastal Andhra Pradesh and adjoining sea areas of west-central and north-west Bay. Many of the areas in the affected districts are still under water. The inability to bury the dead bodies (human and cattle) is causing a serious threat to health. The two cyclones that hit India’s state of Orissa in October killed well over 10,000 people and made 8 million homeless. The second cyclone devastated the state’s administrative capital, Bhubaneswar, the commercial capital, Cuttack, and the port town of Paradip before moving on to smaller towns and villages. In response to a super cyclone that struck Orissa in1999, UNDP and other UN organisations provided a coordinated support mechanism during the crisis and facilitated interventions in the following sectors: shelter, agriculture, health, education, women and children, and water and sanitation. In the rehabilitation phase, UNDP supported the state government in specific rehabilitation efforts promoting community participation in shelter and livelihood sectors with the objective of reducing vulnerability. Subsequently, community preparedness plans were formulated. These plans were used by the communities and the government to take precautionary action during the cyclone threat of 2000. The generation of awareness in the state also helped the communities to be better prepared during the 2001 floods.

4.4 City’s Experience:

4.4.1 Recent floods in the city: Cuttack city comes under earthquake prone Zone III and cyclone prone Zone. Floods are regular phenomenon occurring every year, which submerge about 80 percent of the city. The city dwellers suffered a lot due to heavy rainfall in recent years. This situation aggravates when there is simultaneously heavy rain as well as high floods in rivers Kathajori & Mahanadi when storm water is restricted from flow into the rivers. Such an unprecedented situation has occurred recently due to heavy rainfall of a magnitude of 437 mm in two consecutive days during a very short duration. There was precipitation of 330 mm on 04.08.2007 and 107 mm on 05.08.2007. Most of the areas including low-lying area remained inundated for about 3 days due to inadequate discharge capacity of existing drainage system. Analysis of 30 years information reveals that largest number of cyclonic disturbances, which affected the city, had occurred in the months of October (6 times) followed by September (5 times). Moderate to high floods have occurred in rivers Mahanadi and Kathajori almost every year during the months of August to October and occasionally very high floods in the months of August and September. The mean weekly wind velocity had shown a variation from 2.5 kmph to 9.6 kmph, high (8-10) kmph during pre monsoon season reducing (3-6



kmph) during monsoon and reaching a minimum (2-3 kmph) during winter. The mean, sunshine hours during various seasons varied from 3.1 hours to 10.2 hours. The rate of evaporation varied from 2.7 mm to 7.5 mm per day. The relative humidity RH I is more or less stable all through the years (81-92%) but RH II is seen highly fluctuating (41 to 78%). Seasonality of Disaster

Table 4-1 Seasonality of disaster

Disaster/

Month

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Flood √ √ √

Cyclone - - - - - - - - √ √ - -

Earthquake - - - - - - - - - - - - This map shows that high-risk zones are located extreme western part of the city.

Figure 4-3 Municipal map of Cuttack indicating Flood and Cyclone



4.4.2 Vulnerability of the city The city of Cuttack is vulnerable to a few disasters due to its location, linkages, geo-hydrological features and regional setting. The possible areas of disaster to which the city is prone to are given below: Possible natural disasters:

1. Cyclones: the super cyclone of 1999 2. Heavy incessant rain causing water logging and flood – occuring every year.

Possible man made disasters:

1. Discharge of untreated/partially treated hazardous solid and liquid wastes over soil

and water as well as formation of genetically complex organisms in the atmosphere- no such organised research and monitoring is presently being done. But considering the overall scenario and sanitation systems with poor waste management practices available in the city the possibilities of disaster cannot be ruled out.

2. Due to the existence of old and kuccha buildings as well as household industries adjacent to the residential buildings the city is susceptible to fire hazards.

3. Adequate space in the high density areas is not available for storage of water for firefighting purpose and also for proper movement of firefighting vehicles.

4. Open drains and slums pose a serious threat to public life. Open dumping sites within the city pollute the environment in the city.

5. Stray animals and slow moving traffic obstruct the vehicular flow. 6. Besides the narrow roads and heavy traffic flow, encroachments at traffic junctions

and along the roadside make the city vulnerable to traffic hazards 7. Spreading of human carrier disease epidemics – possibilities are very high due to high

population density, low per capita income, unemployment problem, poor sanitation and waste management system in the city.

Possible disasters which can be both natural and manmade:

1. City is located between two rivers, which are very likely to have floods in the rainy season due to over flow of river water

2. Flood due to blockage of water courses, encroachments in the city.

4.5 Policies: In the context of proclamation of International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), National initiatives and State’s own experience, the State Govt. felt it necessary to



have a specific policy for disaster management and to provide necessary guidelines on all aspects of emergency management and accordingly formuated the disaster management policy. The key features of policy are presented below.

Table 4-2 Features of The Disaster Management Policy

1. Take a proactive approach to disaster management and promote a culture of prevention and preparedness among individuals and institutions.

2. Follow a multi-level approach to disaster management 3. Shift from a relief and welfare approach to a rights and entitlement-based

approach to humanitarian assistance. 4. Since sustainable development will not be possible without the active

involvement of the communities, make the vulnerability reduction programmes community driven.

5. Integrate Disaster Management into Development Policy and Planning. 6. Institutionalise efficient, well-coordinated and participatory disaster management

initiatives as one of the basic ingredients of good governance. 7. Ensure quality at all stages of emergency management including prevention,

mitigation, relief and reconstruction and make their adoption mandatory. For doing so, universally accepted minimum standards should be adopted.If necessary, the standards should be modified taking into account local conditions and customs.

8. ttempt harmonious blending of all disaster management interventions with local cultural ethos.

9. Focus on protection of the environment. 10. Promote inter-agency coordination and cooperation for disaster management. 11. Involve all stakeholders in disaster management and define their roles in different

stages of disasters. 12. Create an enabling environment for ensuring higher participation of all

stakeholders 13. Work on legislation(s) to provide statutory backing to essential disaster

management functions and agencies. 14. Establish a trigger mechanism for emergency operations. 15. View people as valuable partners and strengthen community-based coping

mechanisms for dealing with disasters. 16. Promote a spirit of volunteerism, develop a cadre of well-trained volunteers

whose services will be utilised during emergencies. 17. Document and use people’s indigenous knowledge, whenever possible.



18. Share information and knowledge about disasters and their management with all stakeholders.

19. Develop a network amongst various disaster management entities using OSDMA as the main hub.

20. Establish an Institute dedicated to conducting research, development and training on disaster management related activities.

21. Make Disaster Management a part of the educational system and curricula. 22. Decentralise management of disasters to the Block, Gram Panchayat /

Municipality levels and strengthen their institutional and functional capacities to be effective as the first responders to disaster events.

23. Ensure that humanitarian assistance is provided in an equitable, consistent and predictable manner.

24. Emphasize participation of women in all stages of Disaster Management and recognise their special problems in disaster situation.

25. Recognise the higher vulnerability of children, elders, physically and mentally challenged, during and after emergencies and design interventions accordingly.

4.6Strategies: Disaster Management will have an integrated approach covering the 3 phases of disaster:

• Pre-disaster phase • Response phase and • Recovery and Rehabilitation phase

Disaster Management can be made in effective any city/town in phases, in short interim periods or even on regular basis, through the following measures.

• It has been ensured to keep the disaster management plans undated and upgraded, especially the research and communication information should be kept updated.

• Mock drill should be arranged twice a year.

• Refresher training should be imparted to the key stakeholders associated with

the Disaster Management.

• An atmosphere should be created where in all the officers/employees of departments/officers connected with disaster management including Liaison



Officers of the city/town may take initiative to render their services spontaneously during calamities.

• Task forces should be trained for the tasks to be undertaken during calamities.

• Arrangement should be made to enhance the infrastructure researches by

picking the tasks required to accomplish the disaster management from amongst the works to be undertaken for development schemes implemented from the funds of various state schemes.

• The control-room of the city/town may be invariably kept functioning for 24

hours. • Missing facilities – amenities may be set up for disaster management by

upgrading the city/town control room and updated information may be maintained.

• Systematic planning should be made by the department to pay serious

attention to the warning given in advance by the district control room as well as through irrigation department. Care should be taken to provide such information/warning to every common people even in the remote areas.

• Steps should be taken by citizens to make available the search & rescue

equipments by keeping a live communication with district network. with regard to activities such as evacuation/shifting etc; co-ordination may be made with the govt. network, fire-brigade industrial houses, voluntary organization etc. to reduce the damage/loss.

• Result-oriented actions may be taken for timely distribution of relief-materials

to the affected people after making co-ordination with the local bodies, donors, industrials houses, NGOs and district level network as well.

• A systematic work should be undertaken to restore the normalcy in day to day

life and for timely repairing of damaged roads, bridges etc. 4.6.1 List of Stakeholders: Coordinated efforts of some or all the following stakeholders would be required for effective disaster management:

• The community affected/ vulnerable to disasters



• Volunteer based organisations such as NSS, NCC, Indian Red Cross, Civil Defence, Scouts and Guides, Nehru Yuva Kendra, etc. • Civil Society Organizations including Community-based Organizations • Panchayati Raj Institutions and Urban Local Bodies • Police, Home Guards, paramilitary forces • District Administration • Orissa Disaster Rapid Action Force (ODRAF) • Special Relief Organisation • Orissa State Disaster Mitigation Authority (OSDMA) • State Govt. Departments • Govt. of India organisations, agencies in the State • Public Sector Organisations • Private Sector Organisations • United Nations Agencies • Bilateral and multi-lateral agencies

4.6.2 Institutional Framework: Revenue Department of the State is the administrative department for disaster management under the general guidance and supervision of the Government. Electorate is designate to play the role of coordinating agency in the pre-disaster and post-disaster phases, while Special Relief Organisation is expected to take a lead role during the response phase. OSDMA will assist the Special Relief Organization during the response phase and also point out to SRC and the Collectors gaps in relief administration if any. The other stakeholders will play their assigned roles during any or all the three phases. The State Government could also designate specific departments to be the nodal departments in respect of specific disasters (e.g., if there is an outbreak of an epidemic, the Health Department would be the nodal department.) The District Collector would-be the nodal agency (officer) for prevention, response and recovery in the event of all types of disasters in the district. 4.6.3 Vulnerable Factors of damage and the risks The extent of impact of disasters is not uniform on all socio-economic groups. It is mostly the poor and disadvantaged who do not have any coping mechanisms who are the worst hit. Even among the poor households with assets and savings are likely to be less vulnerable than those who do not have the same. The community networks and support systems also play a crucial role. Poor communities with better community bonding and support system are likely to be less vulnerable. Hence there is a need to identify vulnerable groups through systematic survey and mapping and develop appropriate response strategies.



4.6.4 Scheme for Response – Acquiring information about materials and resources, their classification and analysis during the disaster and before the disaster helps in facing such severe calamities.

Need for various resources are felt immediately after the disaster.

Ample care should be taken about pre-cautionary measures and safety against the earthquake. Other rules of safety against the disaster pertaining to retrofitting of houses should also be followed.

Safe places where immediate shelter may be taken during flood, earthquake or cyclone should necessity be protected against such calamities. As per the details of the City Disaster Management Plan, Community hall, Primary school or temple and other public buildings etc; should be used as safe shelter places during such calamities. Therefore, it is essential that every city/town should have retrofitting of such safe places and care is taken ensure that such places are protected from various disasters and are as per construction regulations.

• Rescue Equipments

• Search and Rescue Teams

• Health facilities (Physical distribution of P.H.Centers or Community Treatment Contest.

• Manpower related with Health-facilities (total No. Of doctors, A.N.M. etc)

4.6.5 Evacuation and Temporary Shelter The safe places available at every ward may be used for evacuation and temporary shelters during the calamities are given in the annexure appended herewith. Warning for each ward and warning communication for city/town level will help in shifting the affected people to such safe places during the calamities with the help of workforce (task-force)

The city/town task force can play an important role in shifting the people during calamities, in taking immediate actions, in spreading true in formation and in preventing the grapevines and rumors during such disasters.

The action required to be taken in case of the safe accommodation is equally important. An open ground is the ideal safe place during earthquake. While in flood, shifting towards elevated area will be a safe.

Warning and communication system available in city/town for warning of communication are shown at the annexure.



4.6.6 Search & Rescue The immediate task after a disaster is to search and rescue the victims. Various tools & equipments are required for this work. These materials might not be available at one place; but having information about their location is very essential. If such information is available, this material can be shifted immediately to the required place and causalities can be reduced.

4.6.7 First Aid The most important issue after warning and communication and search & rescue during any calamity is to provide first aid to the victims. The demand of first aid and health facilities can be more than their availability. Especially facilities such as P.H.centers/C.T.Centres and shortage of medical staff such as doctors/nurses. Therefore, it is important to learn about the ratio between requirement and availability. Moreover, the police department Could play an important role in spreading right information, in issuing warnings and shifting the people immediately.

4.7 Ongoing Disaster Management Program:

Urban Earthquake Vulnerability Reduction Program UEVRP: This program was introduced in 2006 by Orissa State Mitigation Development Authority in collaboration with UNDP in three cities of Orissa i.e. Bhubaneswar, Cuttack and Sambalpur. It consists five components in training program, i.e. awareness program, preparedness, capacity building, reforms in building byelaws and regulations and networking.

• Awareness Program: Displaying Hoardings, distribution of booklets, pamphlets to general public.

• Preparedness: Giving training programs to local community. • Capacity Building: giving training programs to prepare Disaster Mitigation Plan for

local community. • Reforms in Building Bye Laws and regulations: In Building bye laws, earthquake

resilient features have to be incorporated. • Networking: taking examples of best practices in other states for disaster mitigation

plan and programs.

In Cuttack city already ward wise disaster preparedness committee’s with ward councilors as a Chairman are formed. This committee consists of 20-25 members of local community leaders, NGO’S, Doctors, Nurses, Engineers, senior citizen, school teacher etc. These committee members will have regular meetings about disaster mitigation program. Training program consists of four components i.e. first aid, rescue, planning and coordination and



information. The committee members are trained to prepare a ward level disaster mitigation plan them through participatory planning approach and this plan is submitted to CMC for approval.



CHAPTER 5 - Urban Management and Governance 5.1Urban Local Bodies- new context of local government: Governance in the context of rapidly growing cities is gaining unprecedented significance. The concept of good governance with its principles of inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, responsiveness, equity and efficiency is increasingly being considered worldwide as the key to transform the city. Cities are dotted with the presence of multiple institutions providing various services to the citizens and the effectiveness of these institutions is critical to economic growth, poverty reduction and overall quality of life in the city. Good urban governance adopts a comprehensive and holistic view of all the institutional roles and addresses their intrinsic complexities. The institutions governing a city broadly include government departments, urban local bodies and parastatal agencies. The urban local bodies and parastatal agencies are created through Acts of legislature. The 74th CAA, 1992, of the GOI has imparted constitutional status on the ULBs and has assigned appropriate functions to them. A constitutional basis is given to the relationship of the ULBs with the state Government with respect to their functions and powers, ensuring timely and regular elections, arrangements for revenue sharing etc. ULBs are given additional powers including preparation of local development plans, programmes for ensuring social justice, and environmental management there by making them more responsive to the local needs. Section 243 (W) of the 74th CAA, 1992, facilitates this. In conformity with the 74th CAA, various state governments have taken initiative to amend their respective municipal corporation/ municipalities’ act and the ULBs have been entrusted with the functions listed in the twelfth schedule of the constitution or section 243 (W) of the 74th CAA, 1992. Similarly, the GoO has also taken this initiative and has recently enacted the Orissa Municipal Corporation Act, 2003, in conformity with the 74th CAA. 5.2 Legal Framework of Institutions The city administration is vested with the Cuttack municipal corporation. Cuttack Development Authority is established based on the Orissa Development Authorities Act 1982. CDA undertakes the preperation of development plans, zonal plans and regulates development in its area including matter related to building plans.



Table 5-1 Legislative Basis of Governing Institutions

Names of Institution Governing Institutions Cuttack Municipal Corporation CMC Orissa Municipal Corporation Act –2003 Cuttack Urban Development Authority CDA Orissa Development Authorities Act, 1982 Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board Section 67 of OWSSB 1991 Public Health and Engineering Department Formed by Government of Orissa Orissa Pollution Control Board Section 4 of the (Water Prevention and

Control of Pollution) Amendment Act 1975

5.2.1 Municipal Corporation Act 2003: The provisions of the Orissa Municipal Corporation Act 2003 define the functions of CMC from 2003 till then Orissa municipal act 1951 is the base for CMC. The Act came into force with effect from February 11, 2003. The Act provides for the State Election Commission to conduct and monitor election to the corporations in the state. The Act also empowers elected persons by assigning them with various functions of the corporation. The Act provides for four authorities in a corporation as indicated below.

1. The Corporation 2. Mayor 3. Standing Committee 4. The Commissioner

Salient features of Orissa Municipal Corporation Act 2003:

The Act empowers the state to nominate five persons from amongst the residents of the city having special knowledge or experience in municipal administration and every member of house of people and state legislative assembly representing the constituencies, which comprise wholly or partly the area of the city. This ensures adequate representation of people.

In order to bring in transparency and accountability, the Act has envisaged democratic decentralisation by devolving powers and functions to the corporation on the one hand and introducing decentralized planning on the other. Extensive participation from people’s representativeS in every phase of the process is the hallmark of the new Act. However, there is a strong need to empower the ward committee to provide for planning from below and a good and viable public accountability system.

There is a provision for appointment of Corporation Ombudsman by the Government who shall receive complaints from any person relating to the provision of the various services of the Corporation and to consider the same or



arrive at a settlement by agreement through negotiation by passing award in accordance with the provisions of the Arbitration Land Conciliation Act, 1996.

Corporation Valuation Committee and Corporation Assessment Tribunal can be constituted under the provisions of the new act to take up valuation and assessment work of property tax and to hear appeals thereof, similarly, the Act provides for the appointment of a judicial first class magistrate to conduct trials of offences under the Act.

The new constitutional status of municipal corporations through this Act would provide an institutional framework for participatory democracy.

5.2.2 Orissa Development Authorities Act, 1982 Cuttack Development Authority CDA was constituted under Orissa Development Authorities Act, 1982. The Salient features of the Act are: -

Extension of the provisions of the Act over the identified area and declaring such area as a development area.

Constitution of Development Authority. Preparation of interim, comprehensive and zonal development plans. Publication of development plans for inviting objections and suggestions. Finalizing the development plan in the light of objections and suggestions. Approval of the development plan by the State Government. Enforcement of the provisions of the development plan, zoning regulations and

planning and building standards by the Development Authorities by way of issuing permissions for construction of buildings.

Preparation of development schemes and their implementation. 5.2.3 Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Repeal Act, 1999

The Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Repeal Act, 1999 has been adopted in the State.

The Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1976 of Government of India came into force in the state of Orissa w.e.f 17.02.1976 and was applicable to only Cuttack Urban Agglomeration as the population of the said agglomeration was more than one lakh at that time.

5.3 Institutional Framework The Orissa Municipal Corporations Act, 2003, came into effect from 18-04-2003. The State Government has not passed any specific law in pursuance of the 74th Amendment to the



Constitution. There are 103 urban local bodies (ULBs) in Orissa, which are categorized as Municipal corporations (2), Municipalities (34) and Notified Area Councils (67) based on the size of the population.

The elected body consists of the public representatives (called councilors) who

hold office for a period of five years. Members of the State Legislative Assembly for their respective constituencies are also members of the council. Additionally GoO nominates a few member to the council. The Council is the policy making body. Various standing committees are formed for rendering specialized functions. There are standing committees on finance, public health, hospitals and dispensaries, public works, etc.

The ULBs functions under the overall administrative control of the State Housing and Urban Development Department. The Director of Municipal Administration is the head of the Department. Each ULB is headed by an executive officer who is ordinarily an officer of the Orissa Administrative Service.

The State Government has the powers to call for information, conduct inspections, give directions, and dissolve a ULB, cancel orders and even rescind resolutions of the Council under specified circumstances.

The functions of the ULBs fall under two categories, namely, obligatory functions such as maintenance of roads, street lights, sanitation, water supply, registration of births and deaths, public immunization and regulation of buildings; and discretionary functions such as formation and maintenance of layouts, parks, schools, hospitals, libraries etc., There are different departments for the performance of these functions besides an administrative and a finance and accounts department.

The own resources of the ULBs are very limited. These comprise rates and taxes, including property tax, license and other fees, income from property, receipts under special laws like fees, ferry rent, etc. The major source of income of the ULBs is the grant received from GoO in lieu of Octroi receipts. Additionally, ULBs receive specific purpose grants from GoO like road maintenance grant, for payment of salaries for teaching and non-teaching staff. The ULBs also receive central funds as mandated by the Finance Commission, besides funds for the execution of centrally sponsored schemes.



5.3.1 State and City Level Institutional Framework

Table 5-3 States and City Level Institutional Framework

S No

Name of the Institution

Responsibilities and Functions

Remarks (Intended roles as per 74th CAA)

1 Cuttack Development Authority

Cuttack Development Authority CDA was constituted under Orissa Development Authorities Act, 1982.

Preparation and implementation of Area Development plans and projects for ensuring scientific land use pattern.

Working as coordinating agency between various Government Departments and other agencies involved in development activities.

Land acquisition and Development for various purposes in suitable locations based on an assessment of future needs, control of land subdivision and reconstruction of plots wherever necessary.

Determining the phasing development.

All functions pertaining to Master plan and development plan Preparation, preparation of development schemes and its implementation, all city Planning functions development controls and building sanctions with in the CMC limits, to be dealt by CMC as per the 74th CAA.

CDA should be abolished and functions other than above should be transferred to the Directorate of Town Planning.

Public Health Engineering Organisation (PHEO), GoO

responsible for planning, designing, construction, operation and maintenance of

All functions pertaining to Designing and Construction, operation and maintenance of water supply system and



water supply system and management of wastewater schemes including their transportation and distribution.

Apart from above, the PHEO is also responsible for construction and maintenance of external and internal water supply, sewerage and sanitary installation for state government buildings (both residential and non residential) in the city.

management of wastewater schemes including their transportation and distribution with the CMC limits to be dealt by CMC per the 74th CAA

The PHEO can continue to deliver it assigned responsibilities and functions outside the administrative jurisdiction of the CMC.

Works Department (R&B Division), GoO

Responsible for construction, repair and maintenance of buildings, roads, bridges and other related structures financed from the state and capital budget allocations of the GoO.

All major arterial roads in the city are under the control of the WD.

Also responsible for ensuring that no encroachment or structure, whether temporary or permanent is erected

All functions pertaining to construction, repair and maintenance of all major arterial roads, city roads, bridges and other related road infrastructure within the CMC limits to be dealt by the CMC as per the 74th CAA.

The Works Department can continue to deliver its assigned responsibilities and functions outside the administrative jurisdiction of the CMC.



on the land and property under the control of WD. It is also responsible for removal of such encroachments as per the GoO rules.

Maintaining a registrar of land, buildings and properties belonging to the GoO and under the administration of WD.

Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board (OWSSB), GoO

Responsible for construction and maintenance of major storm water drains (10 nos.) within CMC limits.

As per the 74th CAA, the CMC, at its own discretion, can decide to hire the services for the works within the CMC limits.

State Pollution Control Board, Cuttack

Responsible for pollution control and environmental protection.

Dealing with environmental monitoring and pollution control in the state

Also undertakes environmental planning studies for the entire State

The SPCB should continue to act as a monitoring agency for environmental aspects of the city.

Directorate of Town and Country Planning, Cuttack

Advises the GoO on matters pertaining to urban planning

DTP should provide advisory services on matters pertaining to urban planning.

District Industries Department,

Accountable for state industries department..

Also, responsible for

These Departments/Institutions should undertake



Cuttack

development of industrial estates and industrial areas, creation of industrial infrastructure and amenities there in.

development activities in close consultation/cooperation with the CMC.

Tourism Department, Cuttack

Responsible for identification and development of tourist interest site, publicity and development of infrastructure for tourism in form of lodging and boarding, transportation facilities. Arrangement of different tourism packages covering different tourist sites.

These Departments/Institutions should undertake development activities in close consultation/cooperation with the CMC

Forest (City A forestation) Social Forestry

Responsible for development and maintenance of greenbelts roadside plantation, development of parks and social forestry

All functions with in CMC limits to be dealt by these institutions in association with CMC as per the 74th CAA.

These agencies can continue to deliver their assigned responsibilities and functions outside the administrative jurisdiction of CMC

Archaeological Survey of India

Responsible for identification, protection and preservation of ancient monuments of national and state importance

These departments should undertake development activities in close consultation with the CMC.



It can be seen from the above table that most of 74th CAA functions are not yet transferred to the Cuttack municipal corporation. CMC at present responsible only for solid waste management, streetlights, minor storm water drains and municipal roads. Other functions like water supply, sewerage, and major roads and storm water drains are performed by different departments. However multiple agencies are responsible for delivering various facilities leading to lack of coordination accountability and transparency. 5.3.2 Institutional framework and role of urban local body in different sectors of urban management Table 5-2 Institutional framework and role of urban local body in different sectors of urban management

Sector Agency undertaking planning

Agency/ agencies undertaking delivery

of services

Prevailing role of ULB/s in planning vis-à-vis respective

sectors Land-use management State / District Development

Authorities/ Improvement Trusts & Department of Town

and Country Planning.

District Development Authorities /District

Town Planning Authorities and

Improvement Trusts etc.

-

Town planning Development Authorities/ Town Planning Authorities.

Functionaries of Development Authorities &

Planning Authorities in the District.

ULBs associated.

Traffic and Transport services

Govt. in Transport Deptt. Home Deptt. Of State Govt.

Not associated.

Water supply and sewerage

Public Health Engineering Organisation & Orissa Water

Supply & Sewerage Board.

Functionaries under PHE & OWS&SB

Organisation.

Not associated.

Solid Waste Management

Orissa Renewable Energy Development Agency

(OREDA)

ULBs Concerned. ULBs Associated.

5.3.3 Urban infrastructure and role of private sector Table 5-3 Urban infrastructure and role of private sector

Urban Infrastructure

Planning and Design

Constructions Operation and Maintenance

Role of Private Sector

Water supply PHEO/OWSSB PHEO PHEO No specific role as on date

Sewerage PHEO/OWSSB OWSSB OWSSB No specific role as on date

Storm Water Drainage Major Drains

Water Resources Department and Works Department

Water Resources Department and Works Department

Water Resources Department

No specific role as on date



Storm Water Drainage Minor Drains

CMC CMC CMC No specific role as on date

Solid Waste Management

CMC CMC CMC with Private Sector Participation

Private sector is involved in street sweeping in 14 Wards

Roads (including Flyovers) Major Roads

Works Department (R&B Division)



No specific role as on date

Municipal Roads (including Flyovers) Minor/Internal Roads

CMC CMC CMC No specific role as on date

Street Lighting CMC CMC / CESCO CMC No specific role as on date

5.4 Municipal Corporation Development of the municipal institution of Cuttack has passed a long way; it started in 1876 when Cuttack was a capital city of the state. However, the status of Cuttack Municipal Corporation CMC came into being with effect from 05.08.1994 in pursuance to notification No. 24145/ HUD dt. 28.07.1994. The full-fledged Cuttack Municipal Corporation came into force on 1st October 2003 with an elected Mayor, Deputy Mayor and 48 Corporators following enactment of Orissa Municipal Act, 2003. The Orissa Municipal Act, 1951, which has been amended from time to time, forms the legal basis of municipal governance. There are nine Standing Committees to advice the Mayor on various fronts. Representatives of all 48 wards of the city are elected to the general body, which is the apex body of CMC. The general body elects the Mayor and his Deputy. In order to act upon the decisions of the general body, various administrative wings function under a Municipal Commissioner. The total number of employees of corporation at present is approximately 2,700. The administration is carried out by a team of officers appointed by the State Government. The Chief Executive Officer of the corporation is assisted by three additional executive Officers, one health Officer, one project officer and one municipal engineer, each of them having a chain of support staff as per requirements. Day to day municipal governance is being carried out in close co-operation and consultation with the Mayor, Deputy Mayor and ward councilors of the elected council.



5.4.1 Activities of the Corporation: The main objective of the Cuttack Municipal Corporation is to achieve organic and sustainable development through improved governance, adequate service provisions through quality delivery mechanisms and efficient urban management. The following are the routine functions of the Corporation.

Conservancy Services and Solid Waste Management Slaughter Houses Birth & Death Registration Prevention of Food Adulteration Preventive Health Care Construction and Maintenance of Roads & Drains Storm & Waste Water Drainage Parks Plantations Slum Improvement & Community Management Street Lighting & Removal of Encroachments Development & Maintenance of Burial Grounds and Crematoriums

The Engineering, Health and Slum Development Wings of the Corporation discharge the above functions. The geographical location, topography and inorganic spatial growth accreted over the years have left the city with poorly inefficient drainage system. As a result, the city is always vulnerable to risk of health hazards arising from unsanitary conditions and mosquito menace in a continuous basis. 5.4.2 Organogram of Municipal Corporation

City Development Plan for Cuttack City

Administrative Staff College of India - - - 7272

Administrative Structure of Cuttack Municipal Corporation

Mayor (Elected)

Deputy Mayor

(Elected)

Municipal Commissioner

City Engineer Deputy Commissioner

Health Officer Finance Recovery Officer Officer

Establishment Officer

Slum Improvement Officer

Secretary Deputy Secretary

Executive engineer (02 nos.)

Assistant

health officer

Audit suptd. Statistical assistant

Auditor Assistant engineer

(08 nos.)

Sanitary inspector (16 nos.)

Accountant

Community organiser (07 nos.)

Junior engineer 16 Figure 5-1Organizational Structure


Administrative Staff College of India - - - 7373

Figure 5-2 Technical Wing

City Engineer (Superintending Engineer, Public Health Engineering Cadre)

Executive engineer-i Executive engineer-ii

(From public health engineering cadre) (From municipal cadre)

Assistant engineer

Civil Electrical Public health Mechanical (05 nos.) (01 no.) (01 no.) (01 no.-vacant)

Junior engineer

Civil Electrical Public health Mechanical (08 nos.) ( 03 nos.) (03 nos.) (02 nos.)

Work sarkar electrician plumber pump driver

Mistry Helper

City development plan for Cuttack city


Employee Strength of CMC Currently the total number of CMC staff is approximately 2,700 of them there are 858 municipal sweepers, 879 unskilled conservancy workers, 86 peons 86 drain gang workers etc.

5.5 Other Institutions: Water Supply and Sanitation Sectoral Institution:

Urban Water Supply and Sewerage services in the state are looked after by:

* State Public Health Engineering Organization (P.H.E.O.)

* Orissa Water Supply & Sewerage Board (O.W.S. & S.B.)

The P.H.E.O. and O.W.S. & S. B are under the administrative control of Housing and Urban Development (H & UD) Department of the Govt. of Orissa.

Presently the Public Health Engineering Organisation is the service provider and plans, executes, operates and maintains the Urban Water Supply and Sewerage System of the State. The Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board execute major / mega water supply and sewerage projects and after completion, hands over the projects to Public Health Engineering Organisation for operation and maintenance.

The Public Health Engineering Organization has a committed work force of 7742 persons consisting of 323 Engineering Personnel, 807 Ministerial Staffs assisting day to day office administration, 3304 wages staff and 3308 Temporary Field Staff.

5.6 Key Issues:

There is a need to decentralize the local administration as per 74th CAA for the effective functioning of CMC.

Lack of trained manpower in the corporation. Lack of inter and intra departmental coordination. Lack of accountability Lack of resource management Lack of transparency There is no Management Information System (MIS) in the ULB though different

departments prepare different reports as and when required.



5.7 Ongoing Reforms Cuttack Municipal Corporation has taken up a series of reforms encompassing property tax, e-governance, user charges, hoarding & license regulation and citizen interface. E governance:Corporation has initiated e governance in recent times. The CMC web site is developed and the double entry accounting system is in the process of implementation. The tender notice are paced on the corporation website and can be. Information technology is been used by health office for issuing births and death registration only. Rainwater Harvesting: Rainwater Harvesting was adopted as a mandatory by CMC in the year 2001. The reform is applicable for high-rise building, apartments and all institutional buildings.



CHAPTER 6 - Municipal Infrastructure

This chapter covers existing situation analysis of infrastructure facilities development of performance indicators and identification of key issues for physical infrastructure facilities like water supply, sewerage, drainage, sanitation, solid waste management, roads and street lights.

6.1 Existing Water Supply system:

Cuttack municipal area has been divided into four water supply districts: (i) Ranihat

(ii) Kila Area near Stadium (iii) Annpurana Theater in Trankonia Baghicha and (iv) Town

Hall.The other areas and institutions like Police Colony, Mahanadi Vihar, Ravenshaw

College, Cuttack Medical College, Engineering School and Kanika Kothi Area (Bijupatnaik

Chowk, near OWSSB office) are provided with water supply through their own independent

systems. At present out of 48 wards of Cuttack Municipal Corporation only 41 Wards are

fully covered with piped water supply 5 Wards are partially covered and remaining 2 wards

are not at all covered with water supply.

6.1.1 Source – Availability and Adequacy: The source of water supply is under ground source by large dia tube wells. Cuttack Municipal

Corporation has already sunk 1,954 deep tube well to meet the drinking water requirement in

low-pressure areas / non-supply hours / and areas not covered with pipelines and in identified

and unidentified slums. Average depth of the tube wells is about 100ms below ground level.

Water Supply to Cuttack City and adjoining areas are provided through 116 nos. of large dia

bore wells and around 100 MLD water is being extracted for drinking water purpose. These

are fitted with power pumps. Quantity of treated water supplied per day is 90.13 MLD. Over

the few past years many of the production wells are becoming defunct and need replacement

from time to time.

Below map shows the covered, uncovered and partially covered wards of Municipal

Corporation.



Figure 6-1Ward wise water supply coverage



Figure 6-2Existing Distribution Network

Existing distribution network of the city



6.1.2 Distribution system: The present distribution system comprises of 3 Km pipeline and has 4.78 MLD storage

capacity. Piped water supply is catered through 21979 house connections and 2028 nos.

stand posts and 113 hand pumps. In addition to tube wells rivers Mahanadi and Kathajodi

(Subsidiary source) are also providing drinking water to the residents. About 20,000

households are covered with public taps and another 20,000 with hand pumps. The existing

system will be just sufficient to cater to the drinking water requirements of present

population.

6.1.3 Quality of Water: The entire distribution mains contain iron particles in the water and the pipeline choke due to heavy encrustation. The consumers of the Cuttack city are expressing their disadvantage by taking ground water directly through pumping from the production wells and even those contains appreciable quantity of total iron maximum Upto 15.8 mg/l. The supply of water is intermittent and is of eight to ten hours. Due to inadequate distribution system, equitable distribution is not possible. Beside, consumers tend to store water to meet their demand during non-supply hours and throw away when the supply releases. This leads to wastage of water. Absence of water treatment plant in the city. 6.1.4 Non-Revenue Water: The non-revenue water accounts for more than 40% of the total production. This is due to the fact that most of the collections are un-metered and there are leakages in the system especially at the house connection levels and there are no bulk flow meters to keep track of the system losses. Losses are also due to misuse of public stand posts. 6.1.5 Water supply –Performance Indicators: The network coverage in the city is over 53% and access to piped supply is only 38%. Duration of the supply is10 hours daily with a per capita supply of 160 lpcd.

Table 6-1 Performance indicators for water supply

Indicators Municipal Corporation

Benchmarking Reamarks

Total Population 535139 Total Number of Households 101153

HSCs (House Service Connections) 26109 101153 Low Network Coverage (%) 53 % 100 Low Access to Piped Supply (%) 38% 100 Low



Per Capita Supply (lpcd) 160 150 Adequate Hours of Supply (hrs/day) 10 24x7 Low Unserved area 20 0 High Non-revenue Water (%) 35-40% 15-20% High Avg. vol. of water produced in MLD 115 115 Sufficient for

present % Metered connections 24.6 100 Low Pop. Covered by PSP (%) 16 % 0 Inefficient O &M Recovery 33 % 80 percent Low Source: Public Health and Engineering Department The bill collection system at present is manual. The Computerization of billing is in progress and Management information system is also implemented partially. Demand Gap Assessment: Water Requirment for future population and water deficit

Year Projected Population (in Lachs)

Water Demand (in MLD)

Present Water Availability (in MLD)

Surplus Water in MLD

Deficit (in MLD)

2007 6.5 100 115 15 - 2011 7.1 110 115 5 - 2021 9.4 141 115 - 26 2031 12.4 186 115 - 71 In the year 2006 there s no water degicit and in 2011 also there is a surplus water, year 2021 where the water deficit is about 26 MLD and in 2031 , water deficit goes upto 71 MlD. 6.1.6 Institutional and Financial Aspects: Institutional Aspects: The public health and engineering organization (PHEO) is responsible for construction and maintenance of city water supply. In addition PHEO is also responsible for planning, designing, construction, operation and maintenance of the water supply system and management of wastewater schemes including their transportation and distribution. Since PHEO is a state level organization the office of the chief engineer (PH- Urban) coordinates all activities of this department. Superintending Engineers and other technical and administrative staff assist the Chief Engineer. For ease of administration the administration in the state is divided into four circles, viz. Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Sambalpur



and Berhampur. These PH circles are headed by superintending engineers (SE), who report to the chief engineer. In addition, two superintending engineers, who are individually responsible for projects and management and design, assist the chief engineer. The superintending engineers are assisted by Executive Engineers and other technical and administrative staff. Cuttack division further divided into three divisions, viz Division I, Division II and Division III. Each division is headed by an executive engineer, who reports to the SE. Design and project management for provision of water supply system components is jointly undertaken by the PHEO and the OWSSB of the GoO. However, responsibility of the OWSSB is limited to design and construction of water supply and sanitary sewerage schemes on behalf of PHEO and local bodies at their cost and on payment of centage charges. There is a good coordination between OWSSB and PHEO as there is a clear delineation of functional responsibilities. The present water supply system of Cuttack City is being managed by P.H. Division - I under the C.E. PH (Urban) Orissa. Financial aspects: Financial Status of Public Health and Engineering Organisation PHEO:

33 % of O & M cost is recovered from water supply and sewerage charge. Outstanding charges (arrears) are equivalent to 16 months of monthly sales (billed amount), and collected amount is less than 50 % of billed amount during the last 3 years.The weighted average monthly household charge for water supply and sewerage in Cuttack accounts for only 0.6% and 1.4 % of the household income respectively, which is substantially lower than people’s affordability.

There are Twenty four thousand consumers who enjoy drinking water supply provided by Public Health and Engineering Organization. The water tariff for industrial, institutional and commercial user has been revised during 2005 to close the gap between expenditure on O&M and revenue receipt. The revision of water tariff for domestic consumers is under active consideration of Government. The revenue receipts from water & sewerage charges and the annual O&M cost in last five years are presented blow.

Table 6-2 revenue and collection from water supply

Year Revenue collection from water & sewerage in lakhs

Annual O & M costs in lakh

2001-2002 119.94 1335.00



2002-2003 193.56 1221.00 2003-2004 130.83 1331.00 2004-2005 148.09 1239.00 2005-2006 199.48 1550.00

Source: Public Health Engineering Organization, Cuttack Tariff Structure Water Supply: The tariff structure for water supply is same for all urban local bodies in the state and follows unit rate method.

Table 6-3 Water Tariff

Type Rs per Kilo litre Residential 2.67/kl Commercial 8.40/kl Industrial 8.40/kl

Source: PHEO Connection Details Out of 26109 connections 21979 are residential and others are non-residential connections.

Table 6-4 Connection cost details

Category Connections % to Total Domestic (HSCs) 21979 84 Commercial Industrial Others (Ex. Apartments)

4130 16

Source: Municipal Statistical Year book 6.1.7 Key Issues:

Many of the pipelines laid in phases are more than 50 years old and are of inadequate size requiring replacement.

Most of the pipelines are in higher depth due to raising of the roads time to time. In addition to this, most of the pipelines are filled in with incrustation due to excessive iron contains which leads to substantial reduction in flow of water.

Equitable distribution is not possible due to inadequately designed distribution system with required storage reservoir.

Most of the areas are uncovered under pipeline network. Accounts for more than 40% used and requires immediate attention and calls for

measure such as installation of meters, changing of old pipelines, district metering etc.



Consumer Services: Consumer service with regards to allocation of new connection, consumer complaint registration and redressal system, water tax collection systems are not adequate.

Water quality testing, monitoring and surveillance system : At present there is no integrated system for water quality testing, surveillance and monitoring system with required infrastructure (Software and hardware support). With growing demand to ensure consistent water quality, providing an integrated system is very much essential.

Technology up gradation & Operational Maneuverability: The existing system do not have component of automation and therefore operational flexibility and maneuverability is limited.

The City is growing at a faster rate. The Cuttack Municipal Corporation jurisdiction has been extended by inclusion of few more adjacent villages like Sartol, Tinigharia, Nuapada, Mattagajpur and Poparada, Bidyadharpur, Nuabazar, Mahanadi Vihar, Gopalpur, Balikuda, Pratap Nagari, Telengapentha, Nakhara, Nimpur and Jagatpur etc. These areas are deprived of any water supply systems, and there is a need to save the water.

The water demand in the year 2031 is estimated to 186 MLD taking into account the projected population of 12.4 lakhs with current supply being 115 MLD, the water deficit in 2031 works out to 71 MLD. This calls for source augmentation to meet the deficit.

6.2 Sewerage System: A part of the city Professor Para, Saga Diasahi, Ranihat and Mehtab Road area have been covered by sewerage system for 40,000 people. The existing sewerage scheme is more than 20 years old and the same is functioning now the total sewage generation is 92.13 MLD (80 percent of water supply). Only 8 percent of city’s population has access to sewerage system. There is no systematic sewerage system or treatment plant in the city; the discharge of domestic waste through storm water drains goes to river. As a result, the quality of water in Mahanadi and Kathajori rivers shows deterioration. The discharge of sewerage into storm water drainageis laso causes ground water pollution. The existing sewerage system has 4 pumping stations at professor Pada (ward no. 20,21,23), Chatra Bazar ( ward nos 15, 19 and 20), Raja Baghicha ( ward no. 15,19 and 20) and CDA Bindasi.the combined sewage goes to drain no.1 and then STP of Matgajpur by gravity. Two sewerage treatment plants are in operation one at Bindasi.The STP at Bindasi is of 4.5 MLD capacity operating on “extended aeration”. It contains inlet chambers, screens and grit



chambers. The aeration unit consists of 4 aerators. In Matgajpur STP of 33 MLD capacity is recently constructed and recently commissioned. The effluent after treatment is discharged into river Kathajori. It is reported that the Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board have prepared a comprehensive sewerage scheme for Cuttack city

Keys Issues:

• Low network coverage.

• There is no proper treatment facility.

• Less number of pumping stations

6.3 Sanitation: 6.3.1 Access to Sanitation Facilities Population covered by septic tanks is 4 lakhs and constitutes 71 percent of total population according 1999 NIUA report. There are 11 public toilets maintained by CMC and 38-community toilets managed by Sulabha International.

Table 6-5 Performance indicators sanitation

Indicator Municipal Corporation

Benchmarking

Total Population/HHs 101153Access to individual toilets % 71 100Access to individual community toilets for poor %

90 100

Extent of Open Defecation 15 0%Source: JnNURM Check list, CMC

6.3.2 Key Issues:

1. The city is not fully covered with sanitation facilities.

2. Lack of sewerage system. 3. The existing community toilets are not

adequate to meet the requirements of slum population.

4. High dependency on septic tanks. 5. Connected toilets to storm water drains. 6. Poor maintenance of community toilets 7. The city is still suffering from open defecation along the riverbed, which is seriously

polluting the river water.



6.4: Details of Drainage System: The general topography of the town is gentle slope from west to east. Maximum elevation is 28 mts in the north and minimum elevation is 20 mts in south east. The central part of the city is low with an elevation of 17 mts. Major canal known as taldana canal starts from jobra at about the center of the city and runs in southeast direction bisecting the town. The western and southern part of the city are divided by the canal. Open surface drains exist some portion of the town to discharge the storm and wastewater. Total length of the drain comes to 1729 Kms. Storm water drains known as drain no 1 runs from west to east and discharges into Kathajori river while drain runs from west to east direction and discharges into Mahanadi River. 6.4.1 Existing Drainage System The cities have open drainage system and total drainage length is about 1729 kms. The main storm water channel runs 17.25 kms and branch storm water channel is about 29 kms. The length of major surface water drain is 650 kms and kuchch drain is 1028 kms. Below table shows the Drainage status in Cuttack city

Table 6-6 Indicators for roads

The percentage of kutcha drains is very high and need to be upgraded. Main drain no. 1 The main drain 1 runs for a length of about 10.47 km. It originates at Srivihar Colony (Hanuman Temple) near Tulasipur which is to the north west of the city and ultimately outfalls in to river Kathajori near Matagajpur at the city’s south east end. Beyond the Matagajpur sluice, water flows for about 2.25 km parallel to Kathajori river inside the flood plain before joining the stream. This reach is not having defined drain section. At the origin of the main drain 1 a tributary drain also joins the main drain about a km upstream of Srivihar colony.

Component Indicator Total drain length in KMS 1729 kms Percentage of Pucca drains 40.6 Percentage of Kutcha Drains 59.4



Main drain no. 2 The main drain 2 originates from eastern part of Cuttack Railway Station near the railway track. It runs for a length of 5.175 km from OMP square to bank of Mahanadi beyond C.R.R.I. campus and thereafter 3.825 km inside the flood plain before joining the same. Guluguli sluice on Mahanadi right embankment, just on the eastern boundary of C.R.R.I, controls water flow of river Mahanadi and prevents back flow into the city. The drainage area of main drain 2 at Guluguli sluice is 565 hectares. No definite drain section is maintained in the reach inside the C.R.R.I campus. As stated earlier the (two) main drains carry wastewater of the town as well as the storm run-off and discharge the same into the rivers Kathajori and Mahanadi respectively. Except for stagnating pools of sewage and wastewater, there are no other problems in dry weather and non-monsoon season. The problem becomes acute every year during the monsoon due to inadequate carrying capacity of the drains. The problem aggravates when flood water level in the two rivers are above the water levels in the drainage channels. Over the years the (two) rivers progressively have silted up due to which the floodwater flow is at higher level than water level in these main drains. This causes flood lockage and often results in back flow of floodwater in to the town through (leakage in the) control sluices. During such times many areas in the city remain water logged while low-lying areas get in undated. The problems are so severe that to drain out rainwater from the city even during moderate rains and even when the river stages are not at high level, pumping becomes essential. Given these conditions, there is an urgent need to develop the sewerage system and rainwater drainage facilities so as to improve sanitary conditions in the city.



Figure 6-3 Main Drainage Network



Alignment of drains with low pockets in central part of the city

Figure 6-4Alignment of drains with low pockets in central part of the city

ALIGNMENT OF

INDEX

LOW POCKETS.....DRAINS.......

A/3

IIILIVL

IL

IR

IIRIIIR

IL

IVR

VR

VRILIVRIR

3L4L

IVR

VR

IR IIIL

ILIIL

FR

IVL

(NEW

LIF

T)

IL

IIL

VIR

VIIR

VIR

VII

R

I XR

XR

XIR

IVL

IIIL

IIL

IL

IRA/1 A/3

A/2

A/4

A/5

A/10

A/15

C/2

C/1

B/3

A/16

B/4

A/17

A/14

A/12

A/11A/13

A/9B/2A/8

A/6B/1

RIVER MAHANADI

CUTTACK CITY

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6.4.2 Key Issues: The following are key issues related to storm water drains.

1. Main drains 1 & 2 get silted up frequently due to insufficiency in channels hydraulics. 2. Constriction in the water way and carrying capacity of the drains, further gets

aggravated as silting results in growth of weeds, shrubs, water hyacinth etc. 3. Some portions of main drains have been narrowed by encroachments and widening of

adjacent roads. 4. Pucca houses are constructed at many places at the reaches of main drains leaving no

space for periodic cleaning, maintenance and repair. 5. City gets inundated during heavy down pours due to inadequate drainage systems

coupled with backwater flow of the rivers. 6. Crossing overs by hume pipe culverts, footbridges, low level bridges and (crossing of)

water supply pipelines causes severe obstruction to flow. 7. Clogging of drains gets aggravated due to uncontrolled intrusion of utility services

like electricity, telephone poles etc. 8. Many areas lack drainage channels. These result in prolonged drainage congestion

and localized flooding. 9. Un-civic practice like throwing garbage

into drains is rampart and there are neither safe guard nor civic awareness against this.

10. Most tributary drains are with less than adequate capacity and the water way provided in general has little relation to their drainage areas.

11. At several reaches slums have developed by the side of drains and encroachment over right of way of existing drainage channels. Many of the slum areas inside the city are not provided with drains of any sort.

12. Roads are often at a lower elevation than drain full flow level causing reverse flow of drain water on to the roads.

13. Wet lands and water ponds which earlier used to moderate flood flows have been degraded or lost in the process of urbanization and as a result, intensity of floods entering the drains has significantly increased.

14. Lockage of drainage sluice during floods and non-existence of adequate infrastructure and installation, to fall back during such exigencies aggravates the situation of flooding of low lying city areas quite frequently.



6.5 Solid Waste Management: 6.5.1 Waste Generation, storage and collection: The total waste generated per day in city is about 264 MT per day, which comprised of 138 MT of silt debris, and inert material and 126 MT organic and recyclable waste. The per capita waste generation is 0.4 grams. The city had 70 waste storage depots and 1000 ill-designed dustbins for the storage of waste. The sweepers as well as the citizens were expected to deposit the waste at these depots. These waste storage depots were either open or masonry. At some places cement concrete bins were also placed. Most of them were unhygienic and unscientific. The waste collection is privatized in 14 wards , collection is always negligible in ward 46,47 and 48. Waste Generation from various sources: The major quantity of waste is construction waste, debris and silt from drains, which can be used to level the low laying areas in the city. Near by 37 % of waste is generated from households. Hazardous waste amounts to 4% of the total.

Table 6-7 Waste Generation from various sources:

Source Quantity (Tonnes per day)

Percentage

Sweeping 15 6% Household 97 37% Hotels and Restaurants 8 3% Vegetable market, Fish/meat market

12

5% Commercial and industrial waste 10 4% Hospital waste 1.3 0% Construction waste, debris and silt from drains

120

45% Total 264 100%

6.5.2 Street Sweeping: For Street sweeping the city is divided into beats among the 1350 sweepers (1200 permanent and 150 daily wastes). 80% of them had handcarts, which were old and had outdated designs. The sweepers carried the street sweeping to the waste storage depots in traditional wheelbarrows.



Map showing the wards covered under solid waste collection

Figure 6-5 Solid Waste Collection Coverage

6.5.3 Transportation: Garbage is collected through Wheel Barrows/Tractors and disposed off at the dumping site. There are 1050 municipal vehicles to collect and transport to dumping yard. About 70% of scavengers of CMC are women and waste is transported through handcarts by them.



6.5.4 Treatment and Disposal: A 5 MT capacity compost plant is in final stage of construction, in addition to 1 MT capacity composting plant operating at Nehur Palli. Garbage is collected through Wheel Barrows/Tractors and disposed off to the dumping ground in Mouza, Brajabiharipur with an area of 10-15 acres. 27 acres of dumping yard is proposed at a distance of 15 kms from city at Charviharpur. The city does not have adequate land for waste disposal and is disposing 90% of the waste in the riverbed and low lying areas and only 10 % is being taken to the dumping site in unscientific manner. There is no segregation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste.

6.5.4 SWM –Performance Indicators The collection efficiency of solid waste is only 75 % and only 2% percent of total waste is treated. There is no source segregation.

Table 6-8 SWM –Performance Indicators

Indicator City Benchmarking

Total waste generated (tons/day) 264Per capita waste generated (kg/day) 0.4 0.3No. of dustbins (--- cum capacity) 1000 1560Frequency of collection (trips/day) Daily DailyPercentage of waste to landfill site 0 100Collection efficiency % 75 100Treatment 2% About 60%Source segregation % nil 70-80

Source: Solid Waste Management Plan for Cuttack city 6.5.5 Key issues:

1. Often Waste is dumped into drains and along major rivers posing a severe health hazards and also obstructing the free flow of drain water.

2. There is no source segregation and door to door collection. 3. Existing collection and disposal of solid waste is unscientific. 4. Absence of provisions for municipal waste collectors (gloves, boots etc..) 5. The frequency of collection in slums areas is very less. 6. Disposing the waste without treatment. 7. The waste is often spilling over on the ground during transportation, due to inadequate

vehicular capacity. 8. lack of land fill facilities.



6.6 Traffic and Transportation: 6.6.1 Inter city Transportation facilities: Two important lifelines of Southeast India namely Kolkata-Chennai railway line and National Highway No. 5 pass through the city. The city is also connected with Paradeep port by road as well as canal. In addition to the railway line there are two major entry points by roads from North and South through NH-5. 6.6.2 Intra city transportation facilities: The existing intra city pattern in Cuttack is typical of a linear city. The main road that starts from the railway station passes through the congested parts of the city. The ring road encircling the city mainly forms the intercity bus and truck route. The link road connecting the Badambadi road and NH-5 forms another major intra-city road along which the regional bus traffic as well as the inter-city buses terminate at the Badambadi bus-stand

6.6.3 Details of pucca and kutcha roads: 83 percent of the road in the city is pucca and remaining 17 percent is kutcha road. The condition of internal roads of the city is very poor.

Table 6-9 Details of pucca and kutcha roads

Government Pucca 313.52 28%

Katcha 5.7 1% Local Body

Pucca 605.75 55% Katcha 177.3 16%

Total Pucca 919.27 83%

Katcha 183 17% 1102.27 100%

Total length of the road is 783 Km. Out of which about 62 percent are bituminous roads, 15 percent CC road and 15 percent WBM road.



Table 6-10 Type of roads and length

S.No Type of the Road Length in Km % To the Total 1 B.T.Road 485.39 62% 2 C.C Road 118.34 15% 3 WBM Road 120.31 15% 4 Moorum 13.73 2% 5 Earthen 45.23 6% Total 783 100% Source: Cuttack Municipal Corporation website

S.No Indicator Municipality Bench Marking Remarks

1 Fully Paved- Road length 83% 95% Inadequate

2 Per Capita Road Length 1.4m 1.5-2m Inadequate

6.6.4 Vehicular Growth The growth rate of two wheelers and pick ups from last three years is increasing reasonably. As compared to growth rate of Trucks, buses, taxi, auto, maxi cab, and tankers etc

Table 6-11 Number of vehicles registered in past six years 2001- 2006

Year 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 Two Wheeler 14240 17324 15580 17895 19500 22203Truck 390 438 532 934 904 859Tanker 14 13 13 51 75 45Pick Up 286 361 520 534 579 829Bus 65 70 104 96 107 99Taxi 131 138 214 350 268 255Auto 213 232 302 389 383 368Maxi Cab 52 85 120 177 327 281Tractor/Trailer 970 658 528 694 924 912K.A/V.B 10 6 45 18 37 26Private Car/Jeep 1181 1403 1923 1751 1621 1689Other 3 103 41 140 100 47Total 17555 20831 19922 23029 24825 27613

Source: RTO Cuttack

Percentage of two wheelers to the total vehicles is also as high compared to the other modes of transport.



Figure 6-6Growth trends of different vehicles

Figure 6-7 growth trend of different vehicles

6.6.5 Traffic and Transportation in the city: Cuttack is strategically located on South-Eastern Railway line, national Highway No.5, National Highway No. 42, State Highway No.9, and State Highway No. 12. The means of transportation are mainly through trains, buses and other vehicular transport. Buses in private sector are the main mode of transport. About 68 O.S.R.T.C. Buses, 1,787 Private Buses are plying through and from the Town from different directions. Road transportation by which goods are moved inward and outward also plays an important role in making the city of Cuttack a bustling commercial centre. About 40 transport companies having all India network of operations have their offices within the town. About 4,500 trucks are engaged daily for this purpose. Apart from this 250 trucks, 1700 tractors, 25 trekkers, 950 jeeps, 3,500 taxis, 72,000 motor cycles/scooters/mopeds, 800 auto-rickshaws, 20 town buses, 70,000 cycles /cycle/rickshaws/trolley rickshaws are in the city. The internal roads of the city are very narrow which lead to the traffic congestion. Total there are 27 parking lots for two wheelers



and four wheelers in different parts of the city, which are not adequate. Vehicles are mostly parked on the both sides of the main roads, creating traffic congestion. The modal split of Cuttack city shows that about 90 % are two wheelers out of which 45% are cycles /cycle/rickshaws/trolley rickshaws and 46% are motor cycles/scooters/mopeds. Because of narrow and congested lanes most of commuter’s uses two wheelers for internal trips with in city.3 % of total vehicles are trucks for distribution of goods. Followed by 2% taxis, as most of the tourists use taxis to visit different tourist places in and around the city.

Figure 6-8 Modal split

Due to the Mahanadi and Katjori rivers not being connected trough over bridge for road traffic, external communications are cut off from 15th June to 15th November each year, except for the one road to Jagatsingpur. During the dry season months, a temporary bridge and road are made across the Katjori. while the Mahanadi remains impassable for vehicular traffic. There is, however, continuous railway communication between Kolkata and Chennai through Cuttack. 6.6.6 Key Issues: 1. Internal roads of Cuttack city are very narrow to carry which leads to traffic congestion. 2. Encroachments on roadside 3. Inadequate parking space 4. Poor traffic management



5. On street parking and informal sector on road side increase traffic congestion on narrow internal roads of the city. 6. Absence of proper signage and signaling, zebra crossing etc. 7. There is a higher dependence on walking, bicycles, rickshaws. These slow moving vehicles significantly interfere with the vehicular traffic operations and lower the vehicular travel speed 8. Growing number of two wheelers are increasing the demand for on street parking making the condition of the road more worse.

6.7 Street Lighting: 6.7.1 Street Lighting Coverage The total number of street lights are 9902, and road coverage is only 75 percent. There are no streetlights in some of the slums. Cuttack Municipal Corporation is the responsible authority for maintaining and for providing new streetlights on road.

Table 6-12 Street Lighting Coverage

Roads Length (in Km) 783 No. of Streetlights existing 9902 Road coverage (in Km) 75% Area Uncovered by Street lights (%) 25% Streetlights as per norms (in No. @ 33 no.s in 1 Km) As per norms Current Deficit (in No.) 6460 6.7.2 Details of Street Lights There are maximum number of sodium vapour lamps followed by tube lights. This table presents the type of street lights and their count in numbers.

Table 6-13 Type of street Lights

Type of Street lights Numbers % to total

Sodium Vapour Lamps (70WT) 4058 41%Tube lights 1919 19%Sodium Vapour Lamps (50WT) 1724 17%Ordinary Bulb 1202 12%Sodium Vapour Lamps (250WT) 942 10%Semi High mast lights 46 0%High mast lights 5 0%Mercury vapour lamps 6 0%Total 9902 100%

Source: CMC Official website



6.7.3 Key Issues:

1. Inadequate coverage of road by street lights. 2. Most of the slums lack adequate streetlights. 3. Poor maintenance of streetlights

.



CHAPTER 7 - Basic Services to the Poor

7.1 Growth of Slums: Poverty is the most intractable problem of Orissa. According to the estimate made by Planning Commission in 1999-00, Orissa is the poorest among major States with 47.15% people living below the poverty line. As shown in the table below percentage of slum population to the total population was slightly high in the city as compared to the state. Cuttack has been a major centre of political, socio-cultural and economic activity. The urban administration has been neglected, resulting in a skewed population-to-services ratio. This has led to the degradation of existing areas and the development of slums or “clusters”, particularly in low-lying and vulnerable pockets of the city. The rapid urbanization, Influx of people to city in search of employment opportunities resulted in mushroom growth of slums. Cuttack is the largest slum populated city in the state.

Table 7-1 Slum population in state and city

Orissa Cuttack Slum

Population Percentage Slum

Population Percentage

21.9 lakhs 40% 2.23 lakh 42%

Source: IHSDP∗ Report for Cuttack City

The number of slums in Cuttack increased from 35 in 1981 to more than 106 by 1997. These 106 slums have a population of about 1,52,182.With the expansion of the city and up gradation of Cuttack Municipality as full fledged Municipal Corporation in the year 2003 along with influx of people in search of their livelihood, the number of slums have been increased to 258 with a total population of 2,23,619. The Municipal Corporation following the BPL survey conducted during 2004-2005 has newly identified about 152 slums with a population of 71,437 in 2004. Out of total 258 slums 82 slums are unauthorized and remaining 176 are authorized.

7.2: Slum Population The total slum population of the city is 2,23,619, which is about 42 percent of the city population. As per the BPL survey 55, 245 families have been identified as living below the

∗ Integrated Housing and Slum Development Program



poverty line. This includes families living in slums and other areas of the CMC. Number of people below poverty line in slum pockets are1.78 lakh and their percentage to the total slum population is 80%. The BPL population in the city is 47% to the total population, which is 5% higher than the total slum population.

Table 7-2 Slum population and BPL Population

Item BPL (2004) Below Poverty Line

SLUM (2001)

Population 2.5lakhs 2. 23 lakhs % to the total city population

47% 42%

Households 55 245 43 042 % to the total Households 41% 32% Source: Slum Improvement Officer (BPL Survey 2004 and IHSDP DPR Report) The slum population of the city was 1.34 lakhs in 1991 and it has gone up to 2.23 lakhs in 2001, recording a growth rate of 41.68 percent, which is much higher than the population growth rate of city, which is 32 %. Ward wise Slum Population: The table below indicates that ward no. 45 has maximum 45 slums having population of 15474 and 2976 households. Ward no. 45 has 7 % of total slum population. Ward no.s 1,19,30,41 and 44 each have 4 % total slum population.

Table 7-3 Ward wise slum population

Ward No. Number of

Slum Pockets

No. of Households

Slum Population

% To the Total Slum Population

1 9 1681 8741 4% 2 14 1379 7171 3% 3 6 1037 5392 2% 4 4 250 1302 1% 5 3 777 4038 2% 6 4 609 3168 1% 7 3 250 1300 1% 8 2 458 2382 1% 9 11 938 4880 2% 10 4 1130 5875 3% 11 3 306 1589 1% 12 6 1314 6835 3% 13 5 808 4200 2% 14 4 1214 6315 3% 15 5 1206 6272 3% 16 3 781 4063 2% 17 3 1274 6626 3% 18 3 637 3310 1%



19 5 1878 9765 4% 20 5 888 4620 2% 21 6 961 4997 2% 22 2 223 1162 1% 23 6 459 2389 1% 24 3 661 3438 2% 25 3 883 4593 2% 26 5 836 4345 2% 27 2 442 2298 1% 28 3 553 2878 1% 29 4 687 3572 2% 30 2 1919 9979 4% 31 4 626 3254 1% 32 6 1400 7279 3% 33 5 782 4065 2% 34 3 400 2078 1% 35 6 1256 6530 3% 36 1 226 1176 1% 37 1 72 374 0.1% 38 2 270 1402 1% 39 3 483 2512 1% 40 2 382 1986 1% 41 11 1533 7970 4% 42 10 796 4140 2% 43 13 1133 5890 3% 44 10 1874 9745 4% 45 15 2976 15474 7% 46 10 497 2584 1% 47 9 421 2190 1% 48 5 334 1737 1%

19,20,26 1 403 2096 1% 32&34 1 274 1427 1% 34&32 1 426 2215 1% 6&2 1 38 200 0.1 %

Grand Total 258 43042 223819 100%



Figure 7-1 Slums Location Map

Category-1 Slums primarily on Municipal / govt.land

Category-II Slums on private land primarily owner dwellers.

Category-III Slums on private land primarily rented out



7.3 Literacy Rate of Slum Population. The literacy rate of slum population is less compared to the city. Most of the slum dwellers are daily earners. The literacy rate of slum population in Cuttack city was 45.6 % according to 1991 census, which is very low compared to the city’s literacy rate of 79 % national average rate of 64 %.

7.4 Status of Slums According to BPL survey 2004 the total identified slums are 258. Most of the slums are located on private land. There is a sharp rise in encroachments on public/ municipal land from 2001 to 2004. Scarcity of land and increasing population in the city has lead to encroachments of large chunk of municipal/Government land. About 35000 households are residing on private land. About 10 slums are included in integrated housing and slum development program costing around Rs 9 crores. Below table shows the details of old and newly identified slums and their category.

Table 7-4 Newly identified slums and their category.

Sl. no Information Old New Total 1 Identified slums 106 152 258

2 House Hold 29363 14148 43486 3 Population 152182 71437 223619 4 Slums primarily on Municipal / govt.land

(Category-1) 12 70 82

5

Slums on private land primarily owner dwellers. (Category-II)

89 82 171

6 Slums on private land primarily rented out (Category-III)

5 Nil 5

Table 7-5 Category of slums

Category Population Households Slums primarily on Municipal / govt. land (Category-I) 42686 8399Slums on private land primarily owner dwellers. (Category-II) 174055 33841Slums on private land primarily rented out (Category-III) 6928 1241Total 223669 43481

The municipal corporation has got information about only notified slums. There are no details about non-notified slums in the city.



Table 7-6 Status of slums

Status Number Total Households Total Population Notified 258 43511 2 23 819

Non-notified Nil Nil Nil Total 258 43 511 2 23 819

Source: BPL Survey-2004

7.5 Housing Status Basic features of these slums are dilapidated housing structures with poor ventilation, over crowding, inadequate lighting, lack of potable water, and absence of sanitation facilities faulty alignment of streets/lanes, inundation during monsoon, lack of access to fire fighting and control measures and other basic physical and social amenities. Around 77% slum dwellers have secure tenure, and remaining 23 % of slum population has no tenure ship.

Table 7-7 status of tenure ship

Area Total estimated no. of slum

households in the ULB

Total number of with secure

tenure

% of households / micro-enterprise

establishments with secure tenure

Secure tenure for place of dwelling, in terms of legal status

43,042 33,496 77%

Source: Slum Improvement Officer, Cuttack 7.6 Socio-economic characteristics: The socio-economic features of slum dwellers relate to low literacy rate, big family size, high unemployment rate, dense population, high IMR/MMR coupled with poor environmental condition and shelter. The Cuttack slums have a family size of 5.2, which is higher than the city family size. Most of the slum dwellers belong to SC/OBC and minority. Many of them below poverty line, occupational groups, such as rickshaw pullers, fishermen and sweepers (sanitary workers), are often located together, and their experience of poverty is directly related to their status.



Urban poor of Cuttack Rickshaw pullers – “Most of these rickshaw pullers (around 20,000 during peak seasonin Cuttack) live in 19 filthy, unhygienic slums without any infrastructure facilities likewater supply, electricity and sanitation facilities. They are mostly settled on encroachedland and in some cases in rented houses located at low-lying pockets of the city.”(Friends of Cuttack (1999), “Report on the baseline study of the rickshaw pullers ofCuttack”, Report for Cuttack Urban Services Improvement Project, DFID–India, NewDelhi, pages 7–8.) Lepers – “The leper beggars in Nehrupalli and Gandhipalli (Cuttack) have lived in thesecolonies for the past 15–16 years. The total population of the two leprosy colonies is5,115, covering 1,177 families. One thousand live on private land and the rest are onencroached land belonging to the government. Almost 1,000 of these families eke outtheir living by begging. The fear and prejudice regarding this disease is so deep-seatedthat even the closest of relations are eager to terminate contact with persons sufferingfrom this disease. These lepers are ostracized and kept out of home and city. Begging isconsidered to be a normal source of earning one’s livelihood.” (Jadav, S (1999), “Areport on the problems of the leprosy-afflicted people who beg”, Cuttack UrbanServices Improvement Project, DFID–India, New Delhi.) Sweepers/scavengers – About 1,500 unskilled employees of Cuttack MunicipalCorporation are from the sweeper or scavenger caste, and are responsible for cleaningdrains. They are mostly concentrated in a handful of slums. “Paradoxically, the loweststatus slum dwellers (in caste terms) are in general the most secure in the city...theyhave, alone among slum dwellers, monopoly access to permanent jobs because of theirritually ‘unclean’ work of sweeper, they have no competition from other castes… Withthis economic security (but substantial backwardness in education and status), thesecommunities own their own pucca houses…and most have built up substantial savingsin banks.” (Harris, J, C Rosser and S Kumar (1993), “Slum dwellers and the Cuttacklabour market”, Report for DFID–India, New Delhi, page 30.)



7.7 Services available in Slums The level of urban basic services declined rapidly, leaving the city’s poor with more than 180 persons per tap and more than 40 percent of them without necessary sanitation facilities. Provision of water supply through tube wells, construction of drainage, improvement of roads, community latrines, dustbins, streetlight, and social infrastructure like community centers for multi-purpose activities of slum dwellers have been made in few of the 106 slums under DFID aided Cuttack Urban Service Improvement Project. In addition to that tube wells, streetlights are being also provided at times on the basis of need in 106 and in few of the newly identified 152 slums from out of the CMC fund. That apart, physical and social infrastructure like road, drain, tube wells and community centers are also created under the centrally sponsored NSDP scheme. In total -3 of tube wells, 1 community centers, 2 community toilets have been provided so far. There are 734 public stand posts in slums, one stand post for 50 families.

7.8: Basic Infrastructure in Slums Public wells and community bore wells are source of water supply for the residents. Only 60 % of slum population has toilet facilities. Only 5% of slum households have access to street sweeping daily. Most of the slums are un cleaned and un hygienic in condition. About 30 % households have access to waste collection facility. Majority of slums doesn’t have any drainage facility and the drain water flows openly through slum clusters. 36% of slum households have accessed are skill development training programs, which need to be upgraded to 100%. All slum dwellers are dependant on public stand post for water supply.25 % of slums are not covered with any electric connections. This table presents the access of basic services to slum population

Table 7-8 Access of basic services to slum population

Area of service delivery Prevailing level of access of urban poor households (in terms of % HHs that are

able to access these services) Water Supply 95% Sanitation 60% Solid Waste Management Street sweeping, once daily 5% Waste Collection 30% Roads and Drains 75% in respect of 106 slum Provision of pucca (all weather) roads 75%



Area of service delivery Prevailing level of access of urban poor households (in terms of % HHs that are

able to access these services) Provision of storm water drains 65% Access to public transport 25% Street Lighting Provision of street lights 95% Community Facilities Aanganwadi 75% Community halls 15% Support for livelihoods Skill development training 36% Micro-credit 70% Electricity 40% Source: Slum improvement officer, Cuttack In all instances, the slum dwellers reported inadequate, poorly maintained toilet facilities.

Municipality is not providing any of the basic service in slums, which are located on

government land. Most of these slums are dependent on public stand post, which are provided

by private owners in charity. None of these slums have sewerage and drainage facilities.

Predominant numbers of slum dwellers go for open defecation along the riverbed.

Social Infrastructure in Slums: There are 203 Anganwadi’s and 12 urban health centers in the slums of Cuttack.

7.9: Poverty Alleviation Programs Presently there are only two central sponsored schemes is that Integrated housing and slum improvement program and national slum development program.

Table 7-9 poverty alleviation program

Programs and Schemes Nature Implementing Agency

IHSDP Cuttack Municipal Corporation

Central sponsored

NSDP Cuttack Municipal Corporation

Source: Slum improvement officer, Cuttack



7.11 Funding Pattern under SJSRY (Rs. In lakhs) The below figure shows that receipts are more than the expenditure. 100 percent of available funds are not utilized.

Table 7-10 Funding Pattern

Year Receipts Expenditure 2002-03 49980 Nil2003-04 1065145 5953382004-05 283792 10120002005-06 1620960 Nil2006-07 4953583 2506416

Total 7973460 4113754 Source: Slum improvement officer, Cuttack

7.12 Funding Pattern under National Slum Development Program NSDP (Rs. In lakhs)

Table 7-11 NSDP Funding pattern

Year Receipts Expenditure 1999-2000 5850000 58500002000-01 Nil Nil2001-02 Nil Nil2002-03 4700000 Nil2003-04 1187000 27921932004-05 Nil 23972032005-06 14060000 147576042006-07 Nil Nil2007-08 Nil Nil

Total 25797000 25797000Source: CMC Project Department The national slum development program gave support till 2005-2006. There is no money flow from NSDP after this year.



7.13 Livelihood Programmes

Table 7-12 Livelihood programmes

Groups Number

Number of

Members

HHs

Covered

No. of Groups with

Bank linkages

SHG 1417 15467 15467nos -

DWCUA 9 groups 90 90 9

Source: ICDS Cuttack City and SWAYANSHREE a client owned mf Institution for urban and rural poor

7.14 Pensions

The funding for old age pensions comes from grants and loans. Municipality identifies the pension holders based on certain criteria.

Table 7-13 Pension beneficiaries

Category 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 State Old Age Pension (60yrs and below 65yrs)

4152nos 4213nos 3973nos

National Old-Age pension (65yrs and above)

4145nos 4257nos 3996nos

Disabled pensions 819nos 807nos 805nos Source: CMC Finance section. SOAP and NOAP include Widow pension

7.15 Poverty alleviation Programmes Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) IHSDP, a component of JNNURM launched during December, 2005 aims at combining the existing VAMBAY and NSDP for having an integrated approach in ameliorating the conditions of the urban Slum dwellers who do not possess adequate shelter and reside in dilapidated condition. The basic objective of the scheme is to strive for holistic slum development with a healthy and enabling urban environment by providing adequate shelter and basic infrastructure facilities to the slum dwellers of the identified urban areas. Cuttack city has been included under this scheme. Under the scheme, provision of shelter including upgradation and construction of new houses, provision of community toilets, provision of physical amenities like water supply, storm water drain, community bath, widening and paving of existing lanes, sewers, street light etc. community infrastructure like provision of community centers, community primary health care centers have been made. However the scheme of health, education and social security are to be provided through convergence of services. This scheme includes all slum improvement/upgradation and relocation projects.



It is anticipated that the implementation of this programme will upgrade and improve the basic urban infrastructure including the housing of the recognized slum areas. Presently 10 slums are covered under integrated housing and slum development program.

Valmic Ambedkar Awas Yojana (VAMBAY) Valmik Ambedakar Awas Yojana (VAMBAY) was introduced in the year 2001. The primary objective of this scheme is to provide shelter or upgrade the existing shelter of people living below poverty line in the urban slums. Under this programme, the CMC has identified 250 beneficiaries and 100 families have been covered with the available subsidy of Rs. 20,00,000=00.

Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rojgar Yojana comprises of two special schemes named of urban self employment programme (USEP) and Urban wage employment programme (UWEP) with an objective of providing self employment and wage employment to the unemployed and under employed youth living below poverty line. Under the component of USEP, 443 beneficiaries have been covered for undertaking micro-enterprise activities. Vocational skill training has also been provided to individuals and women group for making them self-employed. 503 unemployed youth have been imparted trainings most of whom belong to slums. Group economic activities are encouraged under DWCUA and Thrift and Credit societies for income generation and women empowerment. 4 DWCUA groups have been financed through Banks for undertaking group enterprise. 45 thrift and credit groups consisting of 403 members have been assisted revolving fund amounting to Rs.4, 03,000=00 for increasing micro-finance and micro enterprise activities. 208 members from 19 groups have been covered under insurance scheme. Uncovered beneficiaries under USEP are provided wage employment in creating social & economically useful community assets like roads, drains, tube wells, community centers etc. under wage employment programme.



Social Security Scheme The various Govt, social security schemes are in operation for converging benefit to slum dwellers and reducing their future insecurity.

Old age/widow pension: 9595 beneficiaries are being provided with old age/widow pension each month. The beneficiaries initially received pension amounting to Rs.100/- on 15th of each month. This amount has been revised to Rs.200/- with effect from 1.04.06.

Orissa Disability pension: Under this scheme disabled persons are receiving pension amount of Rs. 200/- each month. Maximum beneficiaries are residing in slums.

BPL Cards: 21,673 families have been identified and provided with BPL cards for receiving ration each month and getting benefits under various Anti-poverty programme.

Antadoya Anna Yojana : 6695 families have been covered under AAY / Expanded AAY and the beneficiary gets 35 kg rice each per month @ Rs. 3/- per kg.

Annapurna Yojana: Under the scheme, 10 kg. rice per month is provided to the poorest of poor/destitute in the slum. The total nos. of beneficiaries who are in receipt of the benefit is 812.

National Family Benefit Scheme: 233 nos families have been benefited out of this scheme. The scheme envisages one time financial assistance of Rs.10,000/- or Rs. 5000/- to be given to the legal heir of the deceased at his untimely demise due to accidence or natural death respectively.

7.16 Key Issues and Concerns

Inadequate basic services in slums i.e. water supply, sanitation, sewerage and drainage facilities, electricity, streetlights.

Poor financing by banks to urban poor in bankable scheme for self employment and Income Generation.

Discontinuous community/social development programmes.



Inadequate skill development, exposure and knowledge exchange programme for the community development staff / officer and members at the office and community level for efficient and effective delivery of services in the scenario of paradigm shift in technology advancement.

Lack of innovative approach and skill in planning, monitoring and delivering required services to the poor in the community.

Inadequate resources of Municipal Corporation.



CHAPTER 8 - Gender Mainstreaming

8.1 Introduction: City Development Plan must be gender-sensitive if it is to be equitable, sustainable and effective. Gender based urban development is about promoting cities that respond equally to men and women. Gender mainstreaming is an accepted worldwide strategy to promote gender equality. Mainstreaming is about incorporating gender into all aspects of development programming – policy, dialogue, legislation, structure and institutions, resource allocations and use, planning, implementation and monitoring. In the CDP, gender mainstreaming will be about gender neutral infrastructural development. A better understanding of the urban gender concerns, especially related to provision of basic services and policy reforms, a roadmap and approach to integrated gender issues within the urban renewal and reform agenda are very much required. 8.2 Why Mainstreaming Gender: Women and men, rich and poor use urban spaces and contribute to city economic development as producers and providers of goods and services. However each has different service requirements, which needs to be taken into consideration while planning for service provision. All the infrastructure projects have different impacts on men and women. Women experience and use the urban environment in different ways from men, they have different priorities in terms of services and infrastructure, such as transport, housing, water and sanitation etc. Such priorities rarely feature in urban policy or investments. There has been insufficient recognition of how women and men use and contribute to the city in different ways; how this is influenced by their different responsibilities in the home and in society and how this in turn affects their ability to engage in public life. Too little has been done to plan and manage cities with a focus on women. A fresh perspective is needed, which recognizes women as integral players in urban governance and facilitates their participation in urban partnerships. Infrastructure planning in India has been traditionally done by and for men. Women have little control over use of resources. Some infrastructure performs efficiently only when gender specific interventions are planned, budgeted, implemented and monitored. For example community based water supply services that means more time spent by women in water collection, reduce frequency of buses in non peak hours that increased travel time for



women, roads and street lights designed without women’s safety needs or streetlights increase crime rates against women and are not gender neutral infrastructure services. Gender blending at a city level will require a thorough and comprehensive understanding of gender based inequalities in local context together with their cause and effects and the designing of strategic interventions, estimation of costs and benefits, development of monitoring frameworks to ensure accountability, and the creation of capacity and commitment for engendering urban development. 8.3 Current situation: Here the existing status of women in sectors like demography, literacy, social etc have discussed in brief. The sex ratio of the city was 870 according to 2001 census figures. The sex ratio of the city is increasing from past two decades, as well as there is significant increase in literacy rate from past two decades. The literacy rate of Cuttack is 75 percent only. Female literacy rate is about 10 percent less than the male literacy rate. Women working population are less compare to the overall workforce; out of 100 working people only 13 women are working as per 2001 census record. There is a 5 percent increase in women workforce participation from 1991 to 2001.most of the women are working as marginal workers due to availability of less time after household work, and lack of working skills and low literacy rate. Status of women in slums is in vulnerable condition in terms of social and safety measures. Recent times there is a considerable importance known for women participation in different sectors like political, administrative and also in decision-making process for example the chairperson of the corporation is a woman.

8.4 Strategies for Integrating Gender Concern: CDP has undertaken Gender analysis and formulated strategies for integrating gender concerns as follows:

8.4.1 Water Supply: 1. The present water supply coverage can be increased to 100 percent to avoid waiting time of women for fetching drinking water. 2. Women and men are consulted in design, operation and maintenance , tariff setting etc



8.4.2 Sanitation: there is a need to Construct of separate women and girl friendly public and institutional toilets. This will reduce the girl drop out rate from the schools and also address women’s problems in work environment. On the whole it will also help in addressing the health issue faced by women to a certain extent.

8.4.3 Solid Waste Management:

In Cuttack about 80 percent of the municipal sweepers and waste collectors are women. Need to avail the facilities like gloves, shoes etc. for their health safety reasons.

Women spend more time in home so improper waste management causes higher risk to them and hence they become more vulnerable. There is a need to create awareness campaign for door-to-door collection.

Educate or conduct awareness program to both women and men to control the solid waste dumping into open drains.

8.4.4 Traffic and transportation

• Improving the street lighting of the city to avoid social crimes against women. • Road signs with graphic so that it is understandable by women with low literacy • Developing cheap and efficient public transport system- Men are owner of personal

transport and hence women depend more on public transport or walk. • Provision of separate toilets for women in bus terminals

8.4.5 Slum Improvement 1. Strengthen the women self help groups in slums 2. Active engagement of women and men in community managed facilities like public toilets, public taps etc. 3. Poverty reduction budget to incorporate gender concerns and prioritize women headed poor households

8.4.6 Local Economic Development 1. The economic of women is unacknowledged, unmeasured and unsupported, hence there is a need to organize 2. There should be equal wages for equal work for both men and women for daily labours.



4. Organize training programs for women in household industries. 5. Encouragement of NGO’s and CBO groups in provision of micro credits.

8.4.7 Other Gender Related Strategies 1. Earmark budget for capacity building in gender planning, auditing and budgeting 2. Guidelines for Citizens Charter preparation to include women friendly services 3. Information system to include gender disaggregated data 4. Budgetary allocation for Capacity building support to prepare Gender Action Plan. Gender Committee constituted to ensure implementation and monitoring.

8.5 Gender checklist In formulating a projects there is a need for gender specific data for planning, monitoring and determining beneficiaries, also gender impact assessment needs to be carried out. There is a need to detailed out on how men and women access, use and get affected by different urban infrastructure development projects. This can be done by using gender checklist given below.

8.6 Project Planning and Design:

1. Collection of gender disaggregated data- both in secondary and primary information gathering. 2. Ensure women representative in the stakeholder identification 3. Integration of gender concerns in all sectors.

8.7 Project Implementation:

In the formation of projects ensure to assess the benefits to women, involve women and men in planning & design, operation and maintenance. For every sector ensure the following:

8.7.1 Water: 1. Women are generally responsible for water collection. Time spent? 2. Poor quality affect health? 3. Girl child leave school for water collection?



8.7.2 Sanitation, SWM, Drainage and sewerage: 1. Time devoted in SW management? 2. Who and how: manage? 3. Where disposed the waste? 4. Who collects and how and when? 5. People’s health risk- women spend more time in home/ settlement so improper sanitation cause higher risk to them 6. Ensure toilet in workplace 7. At what interval is the community toilet? 8. Pay and use 9. Covered drains 10. Private toilet (provision of toilet to the slums) 11. Sewerage needs to be connected to notified slum.

8.7.3 Women right in urban space- land housing finance: Land tenure

8.7.4 Access to livelihood and employment

Women earn less than men Economic contribution is unacknowledged, unmeasured and unsupported.- need to

organize Work in informal sector and hence exclused from safety nets(maternity leave, health care, pension) Equal opportunity? Right to social services; Household industry

8.7.5 Safety and security

Urban space and safety: streetlight, distance of public transport system Violence against women.

8.7.6 Urban transport

How many roads planned are motorized and how many are smaller roads within the neighbourhood. What mode of transport do women use in such motorized road? (Men are owner of

personal transport and hence women depend more on public transport or walk)



How many women use pedestrian walkways How easy, difficult, safe are these pavements for the women to walk Are walkways planned with soft landscape that is friendly for children? Are the walkway low and comfortable to get on and off? Is the O and M high priority? How is the lighting planned? - road safety Are road signs with graphic so that it is understandable by women with low literacy? Distance of public transport Public transport to cater to women working late night. Rehabilitation due to road widening- tenure and security

8.7.7 Being counted:

Women in governance: most women being proxy candidate Awareness program taken up or not? Provision of platform? Is there any women community based organization at the city level to address the need and discuss issues. Women a part of decision making?

8.8 Project Evaluation: Monitor whether the money is spent as planned and an assessment of impact of the programmes; projects and schemes will be conducted so as to ensure gender mainstreaming. Also one can look into capacity building for participation through awareness porgrammes, trainings, etc.



CHAPTER 9 - Municipal Finance

9.1 Municipal Finances The CMC is following single entry (cash-based) accounting system for maintaining the municipal accounts. For the purposes of analysis, all the account items are broadly categorized under the following major heads: Revenue Account: All recurring items of income and expenditure are included under this head. Revenue receipts include tax revenue, entry tax in lieu of Octroi tax, user charges, rental income from corporation properties, fees and fines, miscellaneous and others, grants and contributions, loans and subsidies, etc. Revenue expenditures include general administration and establishment charges, public health, sanitation and medical services, public convenience, miscellaneous, extraordinary debts and Govt. grants Capital Account: Income and expenditure items under this account are primarily nonrecurring in nature. Income items include loans, contributions by GoO, other agencies and capital grants under various State and Central Government programmes. Expenditure items include expenses booked under developmental works.

Table 9-1 Summary of Finances of Cuttack Municipal Corporation

Summary of Finances of Cuttack Municipal Corporation Rs. In Lakh

Particulars 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 Revenue Account Income 3,347.56 3,352.97 3,367.20 4,015.56 4,453.77 Expenditure 2,577.39 2,969.30 4,036.68 3,452.80 3,631.91 Status (Surplus/Deficit) 770.17 383.67 (669.48) 562.76 821.86 Capital Account Income 0.00 0.00 83.65 8.70 116.20 Expenditure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 36.49 Status (Surplus/Deficit) 0.00 0.00 83.65 8.23 79.71 Overall Status 770.17 383.67 (585.83) 570.99 901.57

Sources: Cuttack Municipal Corporation Budget 2008-09 9.2 Financial Status Financial assessment of the CMC has been carried based on the financial information collected for five financial years, i.e. FY 2002-03 to FY 2006-07. Revenue income of the CMC has grown to a level of Rs. 4453.77 lakhs in the FY 2006-07 from Rs. 3347.56 lakhs in



FY 2002-03, at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.40 percent. However, the revenue expenditure has shown a CAGR of 8.95 percent during this period. The CMC has maintained revenue surplus during all years except during FY 2004-05. Figure 9-1 Trends in Revenue Income and Revenue Expenditure

0.00500.00

1,000.00

1,500.002,000.002,500.003,000.003,500.00

4,000.004,500.005,000.00

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

Revenue IncomeRevenue Expenditure

Figure 9-2 Trends in Capital Income and Capital Expenditure

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100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

300.00

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

Capital IncomeCapital Expenditure

The following sections present detailed review of revenue and capital accounts, primarily aimed at assessing the municipal fiscal status and providing a base for determining the ability of the CMC to sustain the planned investments.



9.3 Revenue Account The revenue account comprises of two components, revenue income and revenue expenditure. Revenue income comprises of income from internal and external resources, i.e., in the form of tax and non-tax items, revenue grants from the GoO. Revenue expenditure comprises of expenditure incurred on general administration, salaries, operation & maintenance, administrative expenses and debt servicing.

9.3.1 Revenue Income The revenue sources of the CMC can be broadly categorized as income generated through own sources (tax and non-tax revenues), assigned revenues to the corporation by Govt. in lieu of Octroi, Grants from Government. The source-wise income generated during the review period is presented in the table below. The base and basis of each income source has been further elaborated in the following section.

Table 9-2 Sector wise Revenue Income

Amount Rs. In Lakh Particulars 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 Average Revenue Income Tax Revenue 124.68 129.55 196.42 205.77 197.60 170.80 Entry Tax share in lieu of Octroi Tax 2,344.16 2,529.15 2,657.29 2,895.62 2,809.52 2,647.15 User Charges 40.52 18.12 30.82 16.87 22.72 25.81 Rental Income from corporation properties 18.10 27.79 40.89 44.01 50.86 36.33 Fees and Fines 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.94 29.00 10.39 Miscellaneous 260.29 151.24 101.72 79.94 257.74 170.19 Grants and Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc. 559.81 497.12 340.06 750.41 1,086.33 646.75 Total 3,347.56 3,352.97 3,367.20 4,015.56 4,453.77 3,707.41 Sectorial Contribution to Total Revenue Income (in Percentage) Tax Revenue 3.72 3.86 5.83 5.12 4.44 4.61 Entry Tax share in lieu of Octroi Tax 70.03 75.43 78.92 72.11 63.08 71.40 User Charges 1.21 0.54 0.92 0.42 0.51 0.70 Rental Income from corporation properties 0.54 0.83 1.21 1.10 1.14 0.98 Fees and Fines 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57 0.65 0.28 Miscellaneous 7.78 4.51 3.02 1.99 5.79 4.59 Grants and Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc. 16.72 14.83 10.10 18.69 24.39 17.44



Growth Trend (in Percentage) Tax Revenue - 3.91 51.62 4.76 (3.97) 14.08 Entry Tax share in lieu of Octroi Tax - 7.89 5.07 8.97 (2.97) 4.74 User Charges - (55.28) 70.09 (45.26) 34.68 1.06 Rental Income from corporation properties - 53.54 47.14 7.63 15.56 30.97 Fees and Fines - - - - 26.42 6.60 Miscellaneous - (41.90) (32.74) (21.41) 222.42 31.59 Grants and Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc. - (11.20) (31.59) 120.67 44.76 30.66 Total - 0.16 0.42 19.26 10.91 7.69

Own Sources of income of the CMC includes income from resource mobilization activities in the form of taxes, fees, user charges, rent received from corporation properties, etc. Revenue sources are further classified as tax revenue and non-tax sources that are generated by various sections of the CMC. Property tax is the major source of tax revenue while other taxes include water tax, light tax, latrine tax, advertising (hoarding) tax, entertainment tax and tax on deficit parking spaces. Non-tax sources included all non-tax revenues such as fees and charges levied as per the Municipal Corporation Act. Such revenue sources include user charges on pound and kines houses, rent from crematorium, hire charges of pumps and JCB, road cutting charges, solid waste management, library fees and town bus collections etc.; and rental income from corporation properties various fees and fines as per municipal corporation act. Major source of revenue income is in the form of Entry Tax share in lieu of Octroi Tax & unspent amount (U/S 197(2) of O.M.C Act 2003) which contributed about three-fourth of the revenue income on an average. Own sources in the form of Tax revenue contributed on an average about 4.61 percent of the total revenue income. There has been a steady rise in the own sources during the period 2002-03 to 2005-06. However there has been a declining trend in terms of dependence on assigned revenues in the form of Entry Tax in lieu of Octroi, which is a healthy scenario for the self-sustenance of the CMC. But the dependence on Govt. Grant is increasing. As whole, the revenue income has registered an annual growth of about 7.69 percent on an average during the period from 2002-03 to 2006-07.



Figure 9-3 Trends in Revenue Income (FY 2002-03 to FY 2006-07)

Tax Revenue

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2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

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Fees and Fines

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Miscellaneous

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100150200250300

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Grants and Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc.

0200400600800

100012001400

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07



Figure 9-4 Composition of Revenue Income ( Average of 5 years)

Average

5%

71%

1%1%0%5%

17%

Tax Revenue

Entry Tax share in lieuof Octroi Tax

User Charges

Rental Income fromcorporation properties

Fees and Fines

Miscellaneous Incomes through own-source heads that contribute substantially towards revenue income include the following: Property Tax: The most important category in the own sources of income is the property tax (erstwhile holding tax). This tax is imposed on land and buildings depending on their nature of use. Property tax component comprises of holding tax, tax on land and building, latrine / drainage tax and lighting tax. The present property tax assessment is being done as per the provisions of the Orissa Municipality Act, 1951. Property tax is based on the Annual Rental Value (ARV) of property. The ARV of the property varies with the nature of use, viz. a) residential use - owner occupied, b) residential use - rental and c) commercial use. The ARV is calculated based on the plinth area, building and land cost. Valuation of Property Tax:-

Category of holding Rate per sqr. Feet (Rs.) Residential 02 Commercial (small category) 05



Commercial (medium category) 07 Commercial (large category) 10

Rate of Holding Tax:- House Tax:- @ 10% of the valuation of the property. Light Tax:- @ 04% of the valuation of the property. Water Tax:- @ 04% of the valuation of the property. Latrine Tax:- @ 2.5% of the valuation of the property. Property Tax collection has decreased from 93.23 lakh in 2005-06 to 84.95 lakh in 2006-07. Property Tax Demand-Collection-Balance (DCB) statement analysis indicates a increase trend in number of property tax assessments during the last five financial years with an average increase of over 1.84 percent per annum. Average property tax per property works out to Rs. 307.66 during the assessment period. The composition indicates that residential properties which are 78.06 percent of total properties, has registered an average increase of 1.87 percent per annum. The commercial properties which are 19.52 percent of total properties have grown at about 1.89 percent per annum. The Industrial areas are 0.05 percent of total properties and Govt. holdings are 2.37 percent of total properties. As a whole, the number of assessments has increased at an average rate of 1.84 percent per annum.

Table 9-3 Demand-Collection-Balance (DCB) Statement for Property Tax

Demand-Collection-Balance (DCB) Statement for Property Tax

Particulars 2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07 Average

No. of Assessments 41480 42376 43140 43845 44618 Growth in Assessment (percent) 2.16 1.80 1.63 1.76 1.84 Demand (Rs. In Lakh) Current 108.68 115.02 128.16 146.86 160.99 131.94 Arrear 98.72 104.84 85.92 87.88 81.48 91.77 Total 207.40 219.86 214.08 234.74 242.47 223.71 Collection (Rs. In Lakh) Current 78.51 85.33 96.44 114.35 116.52 98.23 Arrear 24.06 48.58 29.74 38.91 32.05 34.67 Total 102.57 133.91 126.18 153.26 148.57 132.90 Collection Performance (Percentage) Current 72.24 74.19 75.25 77.86 72.38 74.38 Arrear 24.37 46.34 34.61 44.28 39.33 37.79 Total 96.61 120.52 109.86 122.14 111.71 112.17

Similar growth trend may be observed in current property tax demand, which has increased from Rs. 108.68 lakhs in FY 2002-03 to Rs. 160.99 lakhs in FY 2006-07. This indicates an average increase of about 10.37 percent per annum. However during these same assessment



periods, the arrear demand is showing a decreasing trend from Rs. 98.72 lakh in FY 2002-03 to Rs. 81.48 lakhs in FY 2006-07. On an average, about 37 percent of the total demand was arrears, which is very high compared to other similar ULBs in the country. During FY 2005-06, total arrear demand was about 37.44 percent of the total demand, which was lower than the average during the assessment period. The same is the case of FY 2006-07 in which total arrear demand was 33.60 percent. The collection performanceis also showing improvement during the assessment period. The overall collection performance was about 96.61 percent during FY 2002-03, which has increased to 120.52 percent during FY 2003-04 but reduced to 109.86 percent during FY 2004-05. Again this has increased to 122.14 percent in FY 2005-06 and reduced to 111.71 percent in 2006-07. Similarly, collection performance of current tax has also increased from 72.24 percent (in FY 2002-03) to 72.38 percent (in FY 2006-07) and that of the arrear collection has improved from 24.37 percent to 39.33 percent during these assessment periods.

Figure 9-5 Property Tax Collection Performance:

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Current DemandArrear DemandCurrent CollectionArrear Collection

Entry Tax share in lieu of Octroi Tax (U/S 197(2) of OMC Act 2003 Income through Entry Tax in lieu of Octroi Tax contributed about three-fourth (71.40 percent) of revenue income, the growth of which however has been inconsistent. It has shown a increasing trend from 70.03 percent in the year 2002-03 to 78.92 percent in the year 2004-05, and after that it has shown a decreasing trend. During the year 2005-06 it is 72.11 and in the year 2006-07 it is 63.08 percent. As a whole, the assigned revenue has shown positive growth rate of 4.74 percent on average during the assessment period.



Table 9-4 Entry Tax in Lieu of Octroi

Entry Tax in Lieu of Octroi Particulars 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 Average Entry Tax in Lieu of Octroi 2,344.16 2,529.15 2,657.29 2,895.62 2,809.52 2,647.15 Sectorial contribution (in Percentage) 70.03 75.43 78.92 72.11 63.08 71.40 Growth Trend (in Percentage) - 7.89 5.07 8.97

(2.97) 4.74

User Charges: Collection under user charges is mainly from ponds & kines house, crematorium, parking fees. This also includes fees for stacking of materials & rubbish on public streets & lifting of earth & demolit materials; hire charges of pumps and JCB; road cutting charges, solid waste management (compost), cleaning of latrine tank(sludge pump), library fees , collection from town bus, sale of plants and others. These items have contributed about 0.70 percent of the revenue income and have registered a positive growth trend of 1.06 percent during the five year period.

Table 9-5 User Charges

User Charges Particulars 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 Average User Charges 40.52 18.12 30.82 16.87 22.72 25.81 Sectorial contribution (in Percentage) 1.21 0.54 0.92 0.42 0.51 0.70 Growth Trend (in Percentage) -

(55.28) 70.09 (45.26) 34.68 1.06

Rental Income from Corporation properties: CMC is collecting rental income from various corporation properties like shoproom, staff quarter, kalian mandap, sahid bhawan, town hall, Kathojuri filling station, service tax charges, others like fire works, rakhi, sky view, etc. Rental income from corporation properties has contributed to 0.98 percent of the total revenue income. This has registered a total growth trend of 30.97 percent. The major source of receipt under this head is shoproom rent which has increased from Rs. 20.66 lakh in 2004-05 to Rs. 24.08 lakh in 2005-06 and Rs. 26.45 lakh in 2006-07. This contributes upto 0.60 percent of total revenue income.The second



one is rent from kalyan mandap which has increased from Rs. 4.80 lakh in 2004-05 to Rs. 8.46 lakh in 2005-06 but has decreased to Rs. 7.82 lakh in 2006-07.

Table 9-6 Rental Income from Corporation properties:

Rental Income from Corporation properties:

Particulars 2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07 Average

Rental Income from Corporation properties: 18.10 27.79 40.89 44.01 50.86 36.33

Sectorial contribution (in Percentage) 0.54 0.83 1.21 1.10 1.14 0.98

Growth Trend (in Percentage) - 53.54

47.14

7.63

15.56 30.97

Fees and Fines: CMC is collecting licence fees from offensive & dangerous trades, and licence from carts and carriage (cycle & rikshaw) licence fee for animals, fees collected in Balijatra & others fairs and festivals, other fines under Corporation act. This has contributed to 0.28 percent of total revenue income and the positive growth trend is 6.60 percent. The major collection source under this head is from Licence for carts & carriages (Cycle & Rikshaw, etc). But this is showing a declining trend in terms of collection. The collection under this head is Rs. 8.45 lakh in 2004-05 which has reduced to Rs. 8.10 lakh in 2005-06 and further reduced to Rs. 7.68 lakh in 2006-07. The next major source is Licence fee for offensive & dangerous trades, which though has increased from Rs. 6.72 lakh in 2004-05 to Rs. 6.89 lakh in 2005-06, but again has declined to Rs. 5.76 lakh in 2006-07. The other major source is the collection of fees from Balijatra and other fairs and festivals which is showing an increasing trend from Rs. 4.09 lakh in 2004-05 to Rs. 5.06 lakh in Rs. 2006-07.

Table 9-7 Fees and Fines

Fees and Fines Particulars 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 Average Fees and Fines 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.94 29.00 10.39 Sectorial contribution (in Percentage) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57 0.65 0.28 Growth Trend (in Percentage) - - - - 26.42 6.60

Miscellaneous & Others: The various sources of income coming under this head is from Cost of tender paper, Security deposit & EMD, Advance Recovery, interest from Bank, Election & Census, audit recovery,



cost of salable form. Collection under the head Security deposit & EMD is in a increasing trend. It has increased from Rs. 40.00 lakh in 2004-05 to Rs. 163.85 lakh in 2006-07, which is 2.11 percent of total revenue receipt. Collection under cost of tender paper is about 0.41 percent of total revenue receipt. Interest from Bank has increased from 1.19 percent in 2004-05 to 3.68 percent of total revenue receipt in 2005-06.

Table 9-8 Miscellaneous & Others

Miscellaneous & Others:

Particulars 2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07 Average

Miscellaneous & Others: 260.29 151.24 101.72 79.94 257.74 170.19 Sectorial contribution (in Percentage) 7.78 4.51 3.02 1.99 5.79 4.59 Growth Trend (in Percentage)

-

(41.90)

(32.74)

(21.41)

222.42 31.59

CMC is getting various types of grants either from Central Govt. or State Govt. These are in the form of salary grant, pension grant, road maintenance grant, SJSRY, VAMBAY, SOAP/NOAP/ODP grant, IHSDP grant, EFC/TFC grant, and street light grant. CMC has received Rs. 140.60 lakh of IHSDP grant during the year 2005-06 only. The SOAP/NOAP/ODP grant which is 3.51 percent os total revenue receipt has increased from Rs. 108.58 lakh in 2004-05 to Rs. 222.10 lakh in 2006-07. However the EFC/TFC grant which is 6.41 percent of total revenue receipt has swift increase of Rs. 458.18 lakh in 2006-07 from Rs. 76.00 lakh in 2004-05.

Table 9-9 Grants & Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc.

Grants & Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc.

Particulars 2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06 2006-07 Average

Grants & Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc. 559.81 497.12 340.06 750.41 1,086.33 646.75 Sectorial contribution (in Percentage) 16.72 14.83 10.10 18.69 24.39 17.44 Growth Trend (in Percentage) 0.00 (11.20) (31.59) 120.67 44.76 30.66



9.3.2 Revenue Expenditure Revenue expenditure of CMC can be broadly described under the following heads:

1. General Administration and Establishment Charges 2. Public Health, Sanitation and Medical Services. 3. Public Convenience 4. Miscellaneous 5. Extra Ordinary Dept 6. Govt. Grant

Table 9-10 Sector wise Revenue Expenditure

Amount Rs. In Lakh RevenueExpenditure 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 AverageGeneral Administration and Establishment Charges 1,221.27 1,125.50 1,330.03 1,256.77 1,346.11 1,255.94 Public Health, Sanitation and Medical Services 377.17 619.70 920.89 445.21 250.65 522.72 Public Convencience 835.85 874.13 1,416.19 1,296.40 1,187.90 1,122.09 Miscellaneous 48.72 300.71 82.04 126.18 285.70 168.67 Extra Ordinary Dept 94.38 49.26 287.53 103.11 156.98 138.25 Govt. Grant 0.00 0.00 0.00 225.13 404.57 125.94 Total 2,577.39 2,969.30 4,036.68 3,452.80 3,631.91 3,333.62 Sectorial Contribution to Total Revenue Expenditure (in Percentage) General Administration and Establishment Charges 47.38 37.90 32.95 36.40 37.06 38.34 Public Health, Sanitation and Medical Services 14.63 20.87 22.81 12.89 6.90 15.62 Public Convencience 32.43 29.44 35.08 37.55 32.71 33.44 Miscellaneous 1.89 10.13 2.03 3.65 7.87 5.11 Extra Ordinary Dept 3.66 1.66 7.12 2.99 4.32 3.95 Govt. Grant 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.52 11.14 3.53 Growth Trend (in Percentage) General Administration and Establishment Charges (7.84) 18.17 (5.51) 7.11 2.98 Public Health, Sanitation and Medical Services 64.30 48.60 (51.65) (43.70) 4.39 Public Convenience 4.58 62.01 (8.46) (8.37) 12.44



Miscellaneous 517.22 (72.72) 53.80 126.42 156.18 Extra Ordinary Dept (47.81) 483.70 (64.14) 52.25 106.00 Govt. Grant - - - 79.71 - General Administration & Establishment Charges includes employee related expense relating to salary, wages, pension, PF contributions, telephone and administrative expenses, etc. Public health, sanitation and Medical services include expenditures made on medicines, health and sanitation of city and solid waste management. Public convenience includes expenditures made for maintaining the roads, buildings, parks & plantation, electrical installation, repair and maintenance, purchase and maintenance of vehicles.



Figure 9-6 Trend in Revenue Expenditure (FY 2002-03 to 2006-07)

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1,000.00

1,200.00

1,400.00

1,600.00

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

General Administrationand EstablishmentChargesPublic Health, Sanitationand Medical Services

Public Convencience

Miscellaneous

Extra Ordinary Dept

Govt. Grant

Figure 9-7 Composition of Revenue expenditure (Average of 5 years)

Average

37%

16%

34%

5%4%4%

General Administrationand EstablishmentChargesPublic Health,Sanitation and MedicalServicesPublic Convencience

Miscellaneous

Extra Ordinary Dept

Govt. Grant

It may be observed from the chart given above that the major two items of expenditure are General Administration and Establishment charges and Public convenience, out of which General Administration and Establishment charges amount to 37 percent of total expenditure and Public convenience amount to 34 percent of total expenditure. The next major head of expenditure is Public health, sanitation and medical services amounting to 16 percent of total expenditure.



General Administration & Establishment Charges: The major head of expenditure under this head is salary, leave salary, pension contribution, D.A, etc.; daily wages; G.I.S; Telephone and administrative expenses; Traveling allowance, remuneration of Mayor, Deputy Mayor; Provident Fund etc. Salary, leave salary, pension contribution, D.A, etc., has declined from 26.59 percent in 2005-06 to 23.08 percent in 2006-07. However Daily wages is showing a swift increase in 2006-07 from the year 2005-06. In the year 2006-07 it is Rs. 34.80 from Rs. 8.33 in the year 2005-06. Daily wages amount to 7.47 percent of total revenue expenditure. It has increased from 5.34 percent in 2004-05 to 10.19 percent in 2006-07. Contribution to Provident Fund & EPF amount to 2.37 percent on an average during the three year period from 2004-05 to 2006-07. It is showing a declining trend from 2.60 percent in 2004-05 to 2.32 percent in 2005-06 to 2.19 percent in 2006-07. It is due to the reason of fall in salary of employees. Public Health, Sanitation and Medical Services: Expenditure in the head “Cost of Baytex, ML Oil, malathion, Phenyle, Bleaching Powder, etc”. has increased in the year 2005-06 at 4.51 percent from 2.71 percent in 2004-05 of total revenue expenditure. However this has again reduced to 2.78 percent in the year 2006-07. The same is the case in purchase of conservancy articles which has increased from 1.38 percent in 2004-05 to 3.01 percent in 2005-06 and decrease of 1.70 percent in 2006-07 of total revenue expenditure. However the expenditure under the head “purchase of pumps, house pipe, repair, and maintenance & Tube-well /water supply“ has been showing a increasing trend of 1.87 percent in 2006-07 from 1.33 percent in 2004-05. Public Convenience: Major heads under which the expenses are made in this category are Roads (Original & Repair); Building ( Original & Repair); Electrical Installation, repairs, maintenance, energy and streey light charges; purchase of new vehicles, hire charges of vehicles and maintenance; Drainage (Original & Repair); P.O.L., Diesel & Lubricant, etc. The expenditure under the category Roads (Original & Repair) has been showing a decline trend. It has reduced from Rs. 828.38 lakh in 2004-05 to Rs. 321.78 lakh in 2006-07, i.e., it has reduced from 20.52 percent in 2004-05 to8.86 in 2006-07 of total revenue expenditure. Building (Original & Repair) expenditure also has decreased from 2.33 percent in 2004-05 to 1.59 percent of total revenue expenditure in 2006-07. However expenditure under “Electrical Installation, repairs, maintenance, energy and street light charges” has increased from 6.23 percent in 2004-05 to 7.74 percent in 2006-07. The expenditure under Drainage (Original & Repair) is reduced



from Rs. 400.00 lakh in 2004-05, to Rs. 300 lakh in 2005-06, to Rs. 298.87 lakh in 2006-07. However under the head “Purchase of new vehicles, hire charges of vehicles and maintenance” the expenditure is decreased from Rs. 170.14 lakh in 2004-05, to Rs. 79.31 lakh 2006-07. Miscellaneous: The other heads of expenditures are library, Cost of books, education, advertising charges, election and census, law charges, stationery, printing & furniture, expenditure in Balijatra festival and miscellaneous expenditure. Extraordinary & Debt: The payment towards Service Tax, Advances, and Refund of deposits are coming under this head. Major expenditure is made towards advances and refund of deposit. Advances has increased from Rs. 22.97 lakh in the year 2004-05 to Rs. 44.24 lakh in the year 2006-07. CMC has refunded deposits which amounted to Rs. 59.37 lakh in 2004-05 and Rs.72.47 lakh in 2005-06 and Rs. 49.29 lakh in 2006-07. Govt. Grants: Govt grant has increased from Rs. 225.13 lakh in 2005-06 to Rs. 404.57 lakh in 2006-07, In the year 2005-06, Rs. 80.96 lakh is spent for Pension and Gratuity where as Rs. 139.95 lakh is spent for Social security grant –SOAP/NOAP/ODP. This amount has increased to Rs. 88.27 lakh for Pension and Gratuity in the year 2006-07, and for Social security grant –SOAP/NOAP/ODP Rs. 258.47 lakh.

9.4 Capital Account The capital account comprises of two components, viz. capital income and capital expenditure. The base and the basis of transactions in this account are elaborated below. 9.4.1 Capital Income: Capital income mainly comprises of Grants and Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc.

Table 9-11 Grants & Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc.

Grants & Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc. Particulars 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 AverageGrants & Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc. 0.00 0.00 83.65 8.70 116.20 69.52



Total receipt (capital+revenue) of CMC 3,347.56 3,352.97 3,450.85 4,024.26 4,569.97 4,015.03 Sectorial contribution (in Percentage) to total receipt of CMC 0.00 0.00 2.42 0.22 2.54 1.73 Growth Trend (in Percentage) to total receipt of CMC (89.60) 1,235.63 382.01

The capital receipt from grants and contributions, loans and subsidies has increased from Rs. 83.65 lakh in 2004-05 to Rs. 116.20 lakh in 2006-07 showing an average of Rs. 69.52 lakh in last three years. The sectorial contribution in percentage of the grants etc, has increased from 2.42 percent in 2004-05 to 2.54 percent 2006-07, despite a very low percentage in 2005-06 of 0.22 percent. 9.4.2 Capital Expenditure CMC has spent Rs. 0.45 lakh in 2004-05 under NFBS grant and Rs. 36.49 lakh in 2006-07 for CFC/SRC Grant, NFBC Grant, IDSMT/UIDSSMT Grant.

9.5 Fixed Assets Proper fixed asset registers is not maintained by the corporation for movable and immovable assets though some registers prepared but information about fixed assets scattered in different departments and are not readily available. In regard to some assets CMC has no proper records available. However, these assets need to be verified and valued and a fixed asset register need to be prepared. Identification of all assets and valuation thereof is required to arrive the correct net worth of the corporation. During our visit and discussion with officials we were able to identify some of fixed assets, which are:

Table 9-12 List of Assets

Total Roads 783 K.m Total Drains 1729 K.m No. of Allopathic Hospital/Dispensary 8 No. of Homeopathic Hospital/Dispensary 4 Saheed Bhawan 1 Kalyan Mandap 1 Library 2



Petrol Filling Station 1 Office Building 8

9.6 Key Issues/ Observations:

The GoO is yet to prescribe a complete set of finance rules required to comply with the various provisions of the Act of 2003. Consequently, the CMC is still following the rules given under the Orissa Municipal Rules, 1953, which corresponds to the Orissa Municipality Act, 1950;

The CMC is yet to adopt the accounting of receivables and payables using accrual basis as required by the Act;

The CMC is yet to adopt the manner of accounting of the Corporation Fund under five separate sub-fund accounts as required under the Act;

CMC is yet to adopt the OMC Act in its entirety, the Orissa Municipal Corporation Rules, 2004 does not cover all aspects of day to day operation of the corporation.

The Accounts Section is working merely as the final bill approval authority and cheques issuing authority. No finance functions per se are handled by the department;

The pay-roll accounting and the stores/inventory are managed by different sections. As per Orissa municipal Corporation rules, 2004 the corporation shall decide on the

manner and the form in which the accounts of all financial transactions of the corporation shall be kept. But, CMC is yet to decide on the form and manner the accounts are kept. At the same time, the GoO is yet to prescribe the manner and form for maintenance of accounts.

The CMC is not preparing any Annual Statement of Accounts. Presently, CMC is following cash-based single entry system of accounting for

maintaining its daily transactions using registers and formats prescribed under the Orissa Municipal Rules, 1953.

a. Revenues are recorded only when cash or cheques are received; b. Expenditures are recorded only when payments are made in respect

thereof; c. Receivables arising due to demand raised are not recorded in the

accounting system; d. Liabilities are not recognized on receiving of the service and/or goods; e. The classification between capital and revenue items of receipts and

expenditures is not maintained; f. Municipal accounts are maintained manually. All transactions are first

entered in the cash book, then they are posted into the head-wise abstract



register. At the year end a statement of income and expenditure is prepared from the abstract register.

g. Revenue and capital items are not distinguished. Receivables, payables, non-cash items of expenditure are never considered. The cash book records only the transaction of receipt and payment in cash.

h. The accounting system is not computerized. The Orissa Municipal Corporation Act, 2003 is yet to be supported by a complete set

of municipal finance rules, thus the CMC is following the old sets of registers and forms, prescribed under the Orissa Municipal Rules, 1953.

No fixed asset registers is maintained. Though there is a staff advance register available in the corporation, but it is not

maintained properly by the corporation. Budgeting is done on an incremental basis and there is no scientific methodology of

forecasting both revenue and expenditure. The budget documents are not user friendly. Lack of Public participation in the budget preparation process. There is no multi year budget for capital expenditure, which is spread over multi years. Budget is not used as financial management tool or for performance monitoring. A brief study of the budget document for the year 2007-08 suggests that there seems to be wide variance in the budgeted and actual figures of revenue and expenditure.

Expenditure on works is taken up according to the budget figures which are not properly backed by the flow of revenue as a result the payments of contractors for completed works get delayed due to insufficient funds and those payments are generally deferred and paid out of the next year’s annual revenue. At the same time, next year’s budget is also prepared with fund for next year’s new assignments. This leads to a liquidity crunch situation.

Year-end reconciliation’s are not carried out where necessary. No reconciliation’s are made for advances given and adjusted with the cashbook and the advance legers.

The CMC is not conducting any physical verification of stocks and fixed assets. Information in regard to various assets is scattered, and also in regard to some assets

CMC has no proper records available. However, these assets need to be verified and valued before they are considered in the assets register.

Local Fund Audit is carried out within the Corporation by the LF officers. No analysis of variance between the budget estimates and the actual are carried out. Accounting information lays scattered between the finance and account section, and

the other sections like holding section, license section, engineering section, etc. The team has been informed that no formal Management Information System (MIS)

reports are being generated in CMC. However, under specific requirements of senior functionaries, the section officials collate information and provide to them as and when required.



There is no system of maintaining depreciation fund for any assets, which may create a liquidity crunch situation in case of any major asset breakdown.

There is no cash management, receivable management, inventory management and expenditure management system for the corporation for better financial management.

Though there is a proper internal control system is in place but some changes required for a transparent and better financial management.

There is no Management Information System (MIS) is running in the ULB though different departments prepares different reports as and when necessary.

9.4 Financial Operating Plan The Financial Operating Plan (FOP) is a forecast of finances of the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), generated for a short-medium term or long-term period. FOP for Short-term period is prepared for 5 to 7 years, and for long-term period is prepared for 20 years. However FOP prepared for short term period of 5 years or medium term period of 7 years, shows the forecast of finances accurately. However in this assignment, the FOP is generated for medium-term of 7 years, as the mission period of UIDSSMT is 7 years. This CDP document would be utilized for accessing the financial assistance from UIDSSMT for 7 years, i.e., from 2008-09 to 2014-15. The FOPs are financial forecast of an ULB developed after taking into account the growth trends of various components of income and expenditure, and is based on the time-series data. While forecasting the finances of the ULB several assumptions need to be made. Assumptions are done on the basis of current growth trends, contribution pattern of various revenue sources and utilization pattern of various expenditure heads. The following section provides an insight into the various assumptions made, necessary logic and justifications for such assumptions.

9.4.1 Capital Investment Plan The Capital Investment Plan (CIP) is a scheduling of Investments for public physical improvement for a certain number of years in future. The scheduling of the plan is based on analysis of fiscal resources available for new investment and O&M, technical capacity for construction and O&M, and the choice of improvements to be taken up over a period of 7 years into the future. Accordingly, the CIP for infrastructure services in Cuttack Municipal Corporation has been formulated. Phasing of the investments is also worked out considering the need for the service and the sustainability of its investments, which forms part of the FOP. The CIP is an integral part of the FOP and the CIP provides essential inputs in terms of capital transactions. The Capital Investment Plan involved the identification of public capital facilities to cater to



the demands of the city populace during different stages as per the requirement of various urban services. The steps adopted in capital investment requirement and formulating the CIP is: project identification, project screening and prioritization, project phasing.

9.4.2 Capital Investment Estimate, CIP And Phasing The estimated sector-wise investment required for the mission period (2008-09 to 2014-15) is furnished in the table given below: Table 9-13 CIP investments Sector wise

Sector Amount (Rs. In

Crores)

% of Total CIP

Water Supply 383.5 21.37% Sewerage, Storm Water Drains and Sanitation 782.4

43.60% Solid Waste Management 67 3.73% Traffic and Transportation 235 13.10% Slum Development and Urban Poverty Reduction

261.5 14.57%

Disaster management 9.5 0.53% Gender development 2 0.11% Environment 53.5 2.98% Total City Investment Plan 1794.4 100% Figure 9-8 Proposed sector wise capital utilisation

Proposed Sector-wise Capital Utilisation

21%

43%4%

13%

15% 1%0%3%

Water Supply

Sewerage, Storm WaterDrains and SanitationSolid Waste Management

Traffic and Transportation

Slum Development andUrban Poverty ReductionDisaster management

Gender development

Environment



It can be seen from the above table and chart that highest utilization of about 44 percent of capital investment estimate is envisaged for the Sewerage, Storm Water Drains and Sanitation. Water Supply is other major sectors with an envisaged utilization of 21 percent. The next two major sectors with highest utilization are Traffic and Transportation and Slum Development and Urban Poverty Reduction, with estimate of 13 percent and 14.50 percent respectively. All other sectors together utilized about 7.50 percent in which major share being planned for Solid Waste Management and Environment. The Capital Investment Plan (CIP) has been prepared for a period of 7 years (FY 2008-09 to FY 2014-15). The phasing has been worked out based on the priorities assigned by the stakeholders and preparedness of the service providing agencies to prepare the DPR and initiate implementation of the proposals. The following chart provides an insight into the year-wise utilization of the capital during the Plan period: Figure 9-9 year wise capital utilisation

Year-wise Capital Utilization

16.85%18.21%

15.44%12.46%11.51%10.63%

14.91%

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

Year

Perc

enta

ge U

tiliza

tion

Series1

9.4.3 Financial Operating Plan The objective of this section is to evaluate the investment sustenance capacity of Cuttack Municipal Corporation with reference to the identified projects given in CIP. The FOP generated under is in full consonance with City's Vision & approach to development and priorities and action plans approved by the stakeholders.

9.4.4 Base And Basis The FOP has been prepared to assess the investment sustaining capacity of the CMC, in which the fiscal situation is simulated through a Financial Operating Plan (FOP). The FOP is essentially a multi-year forecast of finances for a term of 7 years. It is used to forecast all



income and expenditure for the period between FY 2008-09 and FY 2014-15. The following paragraphs provide important considerations towards simulating the fiscal situation of the CMC: Following are important considerations towards simulating the fiscal situation of the CMC, and include both existing and new resources.

9.4.5 Key Assumptions In forecasting the income and expenditure following are the key assumptions and guiding principles, given separately for the CMC: Cuttack Municipal Corporation Table 9-14 Basic assumptions

Basic Assumptions of Cuttack Municipal Corporation Sl. No. Particulars

Basic/Current Average

A Revenue Receipt 1. Tax Revenue 12% 2. Entry Tax share in lieu of Octroi Tax 5% 3. User Charges 14% 4. Rental Income from corporation properties 30% 5. Fees and Fines 9% 6. Miscellaneous & Others 23% 7. Grants and Contributions, Loans and Subsidies etc. 20%

B Revenue Expenditure 1. General Administration and Establishment Charges 3% 2. Public Health, Sanitation and Medical Services 8% 3. Public Convenience 9% 4. Miscellaneous 20% 5. Extra Ordinary Dept 11% 6. Govt. Grant 50% C Capital Structuring

1. Capital Grant/GOI

As per UIDSSMT Guidelines



9.5 Financial Operating Plan: Table 9-15 Financial Operating Plan

Rs. In Lakh

Particulars 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15

Opening Balance

1,855.69 2,797.17 3,690.78 4,441.17 4,871.14 4,696.34 3,472.57

Revenue Receipt Tax Revenue 248 278 311 348 390 437 198 Entry Tax share in lieu of Octroi Tax

3,097 3,252 3,415 3,586 3,765 3,953 2,810

User Charges 30 34 38 44 50 57 23 Rental Income from corporation properties

86 112 145 189 245 319 51

Fees and Fines 34 38 41 45 49 53 29 Miscellaneous & Others

141 173 213 262 322 396 93


1,564 1,877 2,253 2,703 3,244 3,893 1,086

5,200.32 5,763.18 6,415.97 7,176.14 8,064.86 9,107.74 4,289.03 Capital Receipt Miscellaneous & Others

371 556 834 1,251 1,876 2,815 165


467 540 510 501 536 583 384

837.52 1,095.81 1,344.02 1,751.79 2,412.97 3,398.21 548.44 Total 6,037.83 6,858.99 7,759.98 8,927.93 10,477.83 12,505.95 4,837.47 7,893.52 9,656.16 11,450.77 13,369.10 15,348.97 17,202.30 8,310.04 Revenue Expenditure General Administration and Establishment Charges

1,428 1,471 1,515 1,561 1,607 1,656 1,346

Public Health, Sanitation and

323 351 369 391 419 449 278



Medical Services Public Convenience

1,411 1,538 1,677 1,828 1,992 2,172 1,188

Miscellaneous 203 243 292 350 420 504 141 Extra Ordinary Dept

70 78 86 96 107 118 57

Govt. Grant 910 1,365 2,048 3,072 4,608 6,912 405 4,345.74 5,046.35 5,987.07 7,297.61 9,153.03 11,810.22 3,413.80 Capital Expenditure Miscellaneous 245 319 414 539 700 910 145 Extra Ordinary Debt

121 133 146 161 177 195 100

Govt. Grant 384 467 462 501 622 814 304 750.62 919.03 1,022.53 1,200.35 1,499.60 1,919.51 549.10 Total 5,096.35 5,965.37 7,009.60 8,497.96 10,652.62 13,729.73 3,962.90 Closing Balance 2,797.17 3,690.78 4,441.17 4,871.14 4,696.34 3,472.57 4,347.14



CHAPTER 10 – Vision and Strategic Action Plan Cuttack is the second largest city in Orissa. It is a water locked city and its growth is constrained since it is surrounded by two major rivers. That is the reason why Cuttack has the highest density in the state. The city has also grown very fast over the years being a historical and cultural capital of Orissa. The state high court is located here. However, the city is experiencing major floods over the last few years. The city could only grow in two directions – towards Port Paradeep and towards Jagatpur on NH 5. The city could partner grow Bhubaneswar as well as western side. The city may not consider intensive vertical development since the city falls under earthquake zone. In view of this the growth of Cuttack needs to be discouraged in cntral part f the city and encouraged in the outer areas.

10.1 SWOT Analysis for Cuttack City: In order to assess the current situation and to present the future possibilities, a SWOT analysis of the city is provided below.

SWOT analysis of the city shows that city



SWOT Analysis:

Table 10-1SWOT Analysis Strength Weakness

1. Trade and Commerce Center of the state- “Regional commercial center “ 2. City is very near to state capital and also well connected by both road and rail to major cities of the country. 3. Good Medical Facilities 4. Presence of international cricket stadium 5. Rich culture and heritage of the city 6. The city is reputed all over the country for its exquisite and delicate filigree works, artistic horn works, fine and multi-colored textile products

1. Deterioration of central area of the city 2. Poor quality of water supply. 3. Inadequate drainage and sewerage system. The Saucer shape of the city making the drainage problem acute. 4. Congested and narrow roads 5. Unplanned/ haphazard growth of the city 6. Lack of inter and also intra departmental coordination. 7. City is distressed by continuous growth of slums

Opportunities Threats

1. Transport sector has boosted up the wholesale activity of Cuttack and it will continue to function as a major collection and distribution center of the state. 2. City has high potential for the development of economic activities especially secondary and tertiary sectors. 3. The conservation of historical places could be the incentive to develop Cuttack as an important tourist spot in the state 5. Major ongoing programs are UIDSSMT and IHSDP for improvement of slums and conservation of water ponds in the city. 6. OWSSB is working on improvement of water supply and drainage system of Cuttack city.

1. Frequent floods in the city 2. Three sides of the city are surrounded by river and there is scope mainly for linear development of the city. 3. Lack of political will. 4. Lack of training programs for local body staff



10.2 Vision statements The vision statements derived after completion of existing situational analysis of different service sectors in local governance. Cuttack achieved the status of multifunctional character, having its inception as unifunctional centre for administration. Other dominating activities such as commercial, industrial, institutional and transportation were responsible for the subsequent growth and diversification of the city. Following are the vision statements from stakeholders. Key ideas of strategies with regards to the vision statement for the city.

Millennium heritage city having a great regional importance Trade and Commerce Center of the state Transportation node of the region Major industrial center. Administrative center Higher order center for education and health facilities.

Vision of the city : A historical, cultural city and a regional hub of diverse economic activities –trade and industry, IT enabled services, retail trade, tourism, education and health - that provides a high standard of living and high quality of civic services to all its citizens and preserves its natural ecology and environment. 10.3 Population projections The population of Cuttack city in 1901 was only 51,364 where as the present population of the city as per 2001 census is 5,35,139 (Male 2,86,192 and Female 2,48,947). The population of Cuttack development authority is 653457 (2001 census). Population projections for coming three decades are presented below.

Table 10-3.1 Population projections for Cuttack city

Year City Population Arthmetic Geometric Exponential

1941 74291 1951 101505 1961 142308 1971 194068 1981 269950 1991 403418 2001 535139 2011 709869 709868 709845 2021 884598 941649 941588 2031 1059328 1249108 1248988



Table 10-2.2 Population projections for Cuttack Development Authority

Year Cuttack Development

Area Population

Arthmetic Geometric Exponential

1991 506071 2001 653457 2011 843767 843762 843746 2021 1034077 1089491 1089423 2031 1224387 1406782 1406651

APM: Arithmetic projection method Pn=Po (1+rn) GPM: Geometrical projection method Pn=Po (1+R/100)’n Exponential Method Pn= Po e’rn Recommended Projected Population: It can be observed that the projection of future population by ‘Exponential Method’ is the optimal projection for the purpose of planning of urban infrastructure projects. Table 10-3.2 Recommended Projected Population

Population Growth Trend

0200000400000600000800000

100000012000001400000

1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

Year

Popu

latio

n in

Lak

hs

Population Growth Trend of Development area

0200000400000600000800000

100000012000001400000

1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

Year

Popu

latio

n in

Lak

hs

Year City Population

Exponential

1941 74,291 1951 101505 1961 142308 1971 194068 1981 269950 1991 403418 2001 535139 2011 709845 2021 941588 2031 1248988

Year Cuttack Development

Area Population

Exponential

1991 506071 2001 653457 2011 843746 2021 1089423 2031 1406651



10.4 strategic action plan 10.4.1 Economic development: Paying special attention to trade and commerce and also to service sector could strengthen economy

of the Cuttack city. To revitalize these sectors appropriate policy, incentives, infrastructure and land

use planning is essential. The following strategies are suggested for promoting economic growth.

Develop Cuttack as a Trade and commerce center of the state. The city has got regional importance in trade and commerce. There is a need to develop organized market centers and to improve the transportation linkages. Identifying the inflow and outflow of goods and their major transship points by upgrading the infrastructure facilities in wholesale markets. Malgodown one of the biggest wholesale markets in Orissa needs to be developed. The household industries could be strengthened by providing special incentives like subsidized loans, flexible policy environment for approval of HH industries etc. Enhancing the prominent sliver and filigrees works through skill development is needed. Promoting cluster based activities: The key economic activities that have potential for growth in Cuttack are trade and commerce, small-scale industry, education, health, and service industry. A cluster-based approach should be adopted by allocating land and infrastructure at appropriate places. Right kind of incentives and support should be provided.

Provision of Infrastructure facilities There is an urgent need to provide infrastructure facilities like power, water supply, sanitation and transportation to enhance the competitiveness of the city. The following strategies are suggested for this purpose.

Effective planning is required to improve the infrastructure such as roads, water supply, sewerage and sanitation

Improved and uninterrupted power supply for providing better services Improvements in both physical and social infrastructure to attract service sector like IT

industry etc to develop the economy and improve overall quality of life. Enhancing the infrastructure facilities at Paradeep port. Upgrading the infrastructure facilities at Malgodown wholesale market.

a. Development of parking place for heavy vehicles. b. Providing public toilets for public as well as wholesale market workers. c. Privatization of operation and maintenance of the market



d. Rebuilding of old structures with sophisticated technology e. Pavement of all internal roads of the market and provide separate

pedestrian lane. Favorable Policy and Incentives With proper incentives offered by the public sector in promoting the private sector, Cuttack, in future, may also develop as an industrial centre of Orissa with the concentration of household, small medium and large-scale industries. There is a need to set up single window cell to clear the applications at one point.

Promote planned development through proper land use planning To attract national and international investors the city should be developed as a planned city by developing schemes and layouts as per the standards and norms with adequate amenities. This should be done based on a review of the existing physical and sectoral plans and proposals articulated in Comprehensive Development Plan vision 2030.

The western part of the city could be developed as a transshipment point and towards north side of the city that is towards Jagatpur there is scope for industrial growth.Government policy should aim at establishing economic activities between Cuttack and Bhubaneswar. Bhubaneswar - Cuttack Urban Complex should be promoted as a strategic node for tourist destinations. The emergence of new academic and other institutional activities, corporate functions will further add to this growth momentum.

Local Economic Development

1. Promoting economic growth drivers through favorable policy framework 2. Integrated development of infrastructure and landuse for economic development 3. Incentives and business friendly environment 4. Livelihood development action plan for the poor 5. Branding Cuttack as a tourism destination through media.

10.4.2 Strategies for Improving Urban Infrastructure and Service Delivery Considering the Challenges and identified goals, a robust strategy needs to be adopted to create Cuttack as a regional hub of economic activities. Strategic Action Plan needs to be articulated which covers policy level planning, reforms, institutional strengthening, source augmentation and service delivery aspects.



Water Supply Cuttack has only ground water as a source of water supply. Presently PHED is supplying 115 MLD for 8 hours per day. The existing water supply system is sufficient enough to cater city population. Quality of water supply is in poor condition. There is proposal for surface water source at Ph naraj and also for construction of water treatment plant in the city. Existing pipeline network is 50 years old causing leakages and also affecting the quality of supply. Transform to 24X7 water supply from intermittent supply.

City is having adequate sources for continuous supply. It requires up gradation of trunk infrastructure for continuous water supply

Constructing a water treatment plant to improve the quality of the service Establishing water quality studies Rationalization of existing tariff system Subsidized connection cost for poor. Improving the bill collection efficiency. Piloting 24x7 zone wise. Automation of operation and maintenance. Rainwater harvesting measure to be mandatory Complaint redressal made rsobust.

Non-Revenue Water (NRW): It is reported that about 40 percent of the physical losses of water in transmission and distribution, which add up to the non-revenue water supply. Measures to be taken for leak detection of pipeline. The un-metered connections need to be dealt with progressively so that they are bought under metering system. Institutional accountability: According to the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act these functions entrusted to the urban local bodies and it is mandatory to comply with the same under the UIDSSMT/JNNURM program. Hence the city should formulate a strategy and mechanisms to make the water supply delivery accountable to the Cuttack Municipal Corporation



Table 10-2 Water Supply – Strategic Action Plan (Year 1: date of approval of CDP) Water supply 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Water sector reforms

Simplification of procedures, communication strategy, grievance redressal system etc. √ √ √ √

Comprehensive Master plan preparation

Preparation of a comprehensive master plan √ √ √

NRW Reduction

Study and Leak detection measures, equipment Metering of all HH Connections √ √ √ √

Energy audit Study and measures √ √ √ √

Water Quality Establishment of water quality studies and monitoring system √ √ √

Short term improvement plan

For distribution and treatment Production wells √ √ √ √ √

Repairing of existing network and de-silting of pipelines √ √ √ √ √

Improvement of rainwater harvesting measures √ √ √ √ √

Long term improvement plan surface water source development √ √ √ √ √ √

Strategies for water supply • Increasing Coverage and Access

- Shifting the priority to distribution mgmt - Source augmentation for water security - Universal access

• Lowering connection costs and promoting individual taps • Targeting subsidies to the poor (important) • Upgrading and providing distribution network • Reduction in NRW

- Installing bulk and consumer meters - Adopting various leak detection techniques to detect invisible leaks - Kick starting Communication Strategy - Legitimizing illegal connections - Effective Billing and Collection

• Realistic pricing and cost recovery - Improving billing, collection efficiencies - IT enablement - Rationalization of tariff structure - Targeted subsidies

• Energy audit • Protection of water bodies including RWH • Ground water regulation • Preparation of water master plan • Institutional accountability



covering uncovered areas √ √ √ √ √ √ treatment plant √ √ √ √ strengthen the existing trunk lines √ √ √ √ √ √

Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building

Training and capacity building programs for customer friendly behaviors and also to use MIS in O & M √ √ √ √ √ √

Sewerage and drainage system The existing sewerage system is more than 20 years old and total sewerage generation is 92.3 MLD. Only eight percent of cities population is having access to sewerage network. The city has open drain system with inadequate capacity especially in rainy seasons. Regular choking and lockage of drainage sluice during floods are frequent issues in the city. The immediate attention is required to improve the existing drainage network of the city. Improving the existing sewerage system

Existing sewer lines need to be replaced Extending the sewer lines to uncovered areas of the city. Installing more pump stations. Subsidizing the sewerage connection charges to the poor. Constructing a sewerage treatment plant

Augmentation of existing drainage system.

Preparation of drainage master plan for Cuttack city. Planning for under ground drainage system and covering entire city area. Transferring from kutcha to pucca drains. De-silting of rivers during the floods. Rehabilitation of flood prone areas. Controlling the garbage dumping into drainage channels Institutional strengthening and capacity building

Sanitation: Population covered by septic tanks are 4 lakhs. There are only 11 public toilets and 38 community toilets maintained by Sulabh international. City still suffers from open defecation along the river bed. The municipality should have proper strategies to involve communities I maintenance of sanitation facilities. Develop community participation in maintenance of sanitation facilities

Constructing separate pay and use public toilets for women, men and children



Giving Maintenance of public toilets to the residents of the community. Low cost toilets for slum dwellers and for BPL Population. Awareness program in slums against open defecation.

Sewerage and Sanitation – Strategic Action Plan

Swerage and storm water drain and sanitation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Master plan for drainage and storm water drainage system

Preparation of a comprehensive master plan for drainage and storm water drainage system √ √ √ √ √

Master plan for sewerage system

Preparation of a comprehensive master plan for sewerage system √ √ √ √

Integrated sewerage and drainage project of Cuttack city

Construction & rehabilitation of Sewerage System including Sewage treatment plant (STP), Pumping Station √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Construction & rehabilitation of Storm water drainage facilities in Cuttack City √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Construction & rehabilitation of Low Cost Sanitation Units (LCS) in public places & slum areas. √ √ √ √ √

Public awareness enhancement on environment & public sanitation √ √ √ √ √

Recommendation regarding institutional Strengthening & capacity building programme. √ √ √ √ √ √

Strategy – Sewerage and Sanitation

• Preparation of a comprehensive Sewerage master plan • Increased Coverage and Access

- Remodeling of old sewers - Laying of new sewers - Kick starting communication strategy–Lowering connection costs–Community toilets – especially in slums…

• Sewage Treatment & Disposal - Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) - Recycle and reuse

• Other measures… - Out sourcing of O & M for UGD - Regularization of illegal connection - Regulation of septic tank usage – important - Cost recovery – user charges

• Institutional accountability



Construction of water quality monitoring facilities √ √ √ √

Consulting services √ √ √ Public awareness progarm for storm drainage system

Design and implementing strategies and campaigns √ √ √ √ √

Renovation and construction of Gadaghai

Renovation and construction of Gadaghai in conjunction with development of surrounding areas √ √ √ √ √

Solid Waste Management: The total waste generation is 264 MT per day and the city doest not have an adequate garbage collection and disposal system. All the wastes generated from various sources are generally dumped either on the streets or on the storm water drains and canal. The inadequacy of the present solid waste management system arise primarily from lack of community involvement improper technology and institutional weakness. There is an argument need to improve the existing system. Improving the solid waste management system

Segregation of waste at source. Avoiding static container storage at all levels All Collection and transportation should work on a handle once only system Door to door collection system. Designing the dustbins and their location by consulting users Using modern sophisticated collection vehicles and increasing the fleet size. Plan and design for land fill site with treatment facility. Adopt treatment for organic waste for generation of compost The huge amount of construction and debris can be used to fill the low laying areas in

Cuttack city Developing landfill site.

Community participation in waste management

• Community participation in reduce/reuse/recover/recycle segregation at source, primary collection home local level vermin/aerobic composting

• NGO participation in promoting community activities, supporting informal sector recycling.

• Private sector participation in municipal level treatment of waste, cleaning, collection and transportation.



Institutional reforms: • Enforcement of legal provision e.g. according to municipal act plastic use should be

regulated. • CMC has to adopt proper methodology for community participation • Complaint redressal system

Table 10-3 Solid Waste Management – Strategic Action Plan

Solid waste management 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Solid Waste Management Action Plan

Solid Waste Management Action Plan

√ √ √ Public awareness and communication

Designing and implementing strategies and campaigns √ √ √ √ √

Improving collection system

Designing and implementing strategy for door-to-door collection, source segregation, collection bins √ √ √ √ √

Secondary Collection & Transportation

Vehicle Tracking System, Vehicle Fleet, Transfer Station √ √ √ √ √ √

Disposal and Treatment 1. Develop a processing and treatment facility√ √ √ √ √ √ 2. Vermi-composting √ √ √ Construction and land development of lanfill site √ √ √ √ √ Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building

Training and capacity Building programs

√ √ √ √ √ √

Strategies for waste management • Source segregation

- Resident welfare associations - Rag pickers cooperatives and sensitization - Communication strategy - Piloting

• Door-to-Door Collection (100 %) • Collection and Transportation

- Collection Efficiency by mechanisation - Outsourcing - Night sweeping - Setting up of transfer stations and Vehicle Depot

• Treatment and Disposal - Development of scientific disposal facilities WTE, Composting, Secured landfill - Scientific closure of existing dump sites

• User Charge Collection Ring-fencing SWM function – professional management



Traffic and Transportation: The total road length of cuttack city is 783 kms. The width of the internal roads is about 2-3 mts and often people park their vehicles on the street. The traffic congestion is high in the internal roads of city which lead to increase in travel time for short distances also. The city requires immediate attention to internal roads which needs to be paved properly and could be widened wherever possible to accommodate future transport vehicles. The efficient public transport can be worked together by corporation and OSRTC to provide cheap and effective public transportation inside the city. Enhancement of existing road network

Renewal of internal road network Regularization of traffic by providing proper signage and signals Pavement of internal road network Providing separate paid parking place and avoiding on street parking on internal roads

of the city. Avoid cattle staring on the road. Construction of footpaths along the major roads. Extension of existing ring road to the east side of the city. Enhancement of infrastructure facilities in Badambadi Bus Station. Increasing the street light coverage to 100 % on roads. Provide prepaid mini tempos for internal trips in the city.

Table 10-4 Traffic and Transportation – Strategic Action Plan

Traffic and Transportation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Master plan Preparation of comprehensive master plan

√ √ √ √

Strategies for transportation planning • Road Infrastructure

- Upgrading Existing Roads - Road Widening - Fly Over - Junctions Improvements - Parking and Pedestrianisation

• Modern traffic management - Traffic Signals and modern traffic mgt

• Enhancing the share of public transport - prepaid tempos - Rail transport - Provide FOBs, footpaths, signage

Constitution of an integrated transport authority



Construction/up gradation of Cuttack city internal roads

Raising and strengthening the crust Widening the carriagewayProviding foot paths and medians √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Signals and junction improvements Designing and implementing strategies √ √ √ √ √

Construction of Fly over Bridge at Nuabazar Junction √ √ √ √ √ √

Construction of flyovers

Construction of Fly over Bridge from Pravat Cinema Hall to N.H 5 √ √ √ √ √ √

Street lights As per standards 100% coverage √ √ √ √ √

Extension of Ring road

Extension of ring road on eastern side of the city √ √ √ √ √ √

Public transport Improvement of infrastructure facilities in Badambadi bus stationIncreasing the fleet sizeDedicated bus lanesProvision of small prepaid tempos for internal trips with in the city √ √ √ √ √

Bicycle friendly approaches Dedicated lines, parking etc. √ √ √ √ √ √ Parking spaces Terminals/complexes √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Pedestrian safety Crossing facilities, foot paths √ √ √ √ √ √ Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building


√ √ √ √ √ √ 10.4.3 Tourism Cuttack is one of the oldest towns of India, offers varied attractions to the visitors. The city is having rich culture and heritage, which need to be preserved to retain its identity. Develop Cuttack as a cultural and heritage center of the state

Renewal of city center City beautification measures like organized open spaces, neighborhood playgrounds,

and recreational places. Conservation of historical places. Beautification of riverfront. Developing a tourist interest places like water sports. Need to provide adequate refreshing facilities for tourists.

10.4.4 Environment: Narrow internal roads of the city often create traffic congestion. Waste is often dumped on the roadside or on the riverbed, adversely affecting the natural environment. The city is also



prone to natural disasters such as cyclone, heavy rain falls, floods etc. Major earthquake has not occurred so far.

• Prepare a disaster mitigation plan. • Rainwater harvesting and maintenance of individual premises to be hygienic and

pollution free should be encouraged and strictly followed, as per the regulations of municipal corporation act.

• Environmental planning should be part and parcel of city planning. Green belt areas should be incorporated between the industrial and surrounding zones. This will limit residential and other areas expanding closer to the industries.

• Active peoples’ participation should be made compulsory in the decision making of

all developmental activities.

• 30% of the funds shall be allocated to the O&M of the existing facilities for sustained performance.

• Sewage treatment plant should be set up and the city be made 100% UGD. Treated wastewater may be utilized forestry.

• Use of plastic bags should be banned and recycling and reuse of platics should be promoted through public awareness campaigns particularly targeting the school children.

• Sewerage and industrial waste can be treated and sold to agricultural farmers and industrial units.

• Scientific management of bio-medical waste should be promoted.

• The water bodies and green areas around them should be preserved and protected.

Regulatory measures should be introduced and awareness campaigns conducted to minimize the use of plastics.

• Training programs for citizens at community level about disaster preparedness • Awareness programs for public against garbage dumping in the open drains system. • Construction of more community toilets in slums and avoiding open defecation on the

river side.

10.4.5 Health • To create an ‘Epidemic Control Cell’ for Cuttack for efficient coordination in

combating epidemics. • ‘City Helath Committee’ should be constituted involving all stakeholders of

government and private health services for efficient coordination in providing such services.

• Bio medical waste management should be taken up by private sector participation.



• Stray dogs and other domestic animals are one of the major causes of health and environmental problems in the city. Steps should be taken for properly managing and rehabilitating them.

Table 10-5 Environment – Strategic Action Plan

Environment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Preservation of water bodies

Cleaning and removing weeds √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Protection of city from flooding

Protective embankment from Brajabiharipur to Bellview on Kathajori left embankment and from Brajabiharipur to Chahata on Mahanadi right embankment √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Training and capacity building

Officials, NGOs, CBOs √ √ √ √

Renewal of city center

Reconstructing the dilapidated structures, Avenue Plantation √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Beautification of riverfront

Develop tourist interest places along the river , Eg. Water sports, Gardens √ √ √ √ √ √

Conservation of historical places.

Conservation of old structures inside the city √ √ √ √ √ √

Construction of parks Construction of neighborhood parks in the city √ √ √ √ √

10.4.6 Governance: Cuttack municipal corporation came into force in 2003 with an elected mayor, deputy mayor and 48 corpoarators following enactment of Orissa municipal corporation act, 2003. There are different institutions involved in basic service delivery like public health and engineering organization for water supply and R & B department etc. Develop an Accountable institutional framework

Transferring the 18 functions of 74th constitutional amendment act to the ULB. Training programs for staff Regular Capacity building programs for government officials. Use of MIS Inter and intra departmental coordination. Timely performance evaluation of municipal corporation staff

10.4.7 Slums Development and Poverty Reduction: There is a rapid growth of unauthorized slums in the city. The total number of slums are 258, consisting about 42 percent of total population. These slums are characterized by dilapidated houses, inadequate lighting, lack of potable water and absence of sanitation facilities, faulty alignment of street lights, in undulation during monsoons etc. Most of these slums are located



on municipal land without any authorization from the government. City level slum details need to be documented in terms of notified and un notified slums service availability and their performance levels. There should be a detailed record of ongoing slum improvement programs and list of beneficiaries its coverage. The poverty alleviation function need to be fully transferred to the local government in compliance with 74th CAA. There should be separate policy for land tenures of slum population. Improvement of slum conditions.

Comprehensive survey of slums and developing a data base Build up basic infrastructure facilities in slums Providing loans for low interest rates Housing scheme for slum and BPL Population

a. In site up gradation b. In site vertical housing c. Relocation strategy

Formation of self help groups for women in slums. Free training program for slum dwellers in household industrial works/ hand crafts. Allocation of 25 percent of municipal budget for slum development. Performance evaluation of slum improvement programs Convergence of various programs thru institutional integration Strengthening community based institutions Capacity building for poverty reduction

a. Conducting citizen satisfaction survey and report card. b. Training of municipal staff.

Table 10-6 Slum Development and Poverty Reduction: Strategic Action Plan

Slum Development and Poverty Reduction 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Slum and Poverty data base

Preperation of data base regarding existing slum conditions E.g. Housing, Infrastructure, Programs etc. √ √ √ √ √

Basic services Basic services Like Water Supply Sewerage and Sanitation √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Conferring Tenurial Rights √ √ √ √ Evolving a policy on Notification and Denotification √ √ √ Housing Housing scemes for Slum Population √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Community development

Developing community structures, participation, awareness √ √ √ √ √



Livelihood strategy Institutional capacity building, Support for Enterprise development, Training and income generating activities √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Social infrastructure Health, education, town halls etc. √ √ √ √ √ √ 10.4.8 Social Infrastructure

To provide more number of town halls, conventional centers and recreational centers Relocation and rehabilitation of existing market areas from city center, Establishing a clear system outlining the role of CMC in education and demarcate

responsibilities regarding regulation and monitoring of education and associated facilities with state education department

Bringing in quality for education in the municipal schools and transform the school buildings from dilapidated condition to well-equipped state with proper investment

10.4.9 Municipal finance:

Double entry accounting system: Transition from single entry cash based accounting system to double entry accrual based accounting system which is in the process should be quickly implemented. Capacity building measures should be undertaken for ULB staff for conversion to double entry accounting system and maintenance thereof.s

Participatory budgeting: Transparency and accountability are the key indicators for

practicing good governance. CMC need to adopt ‘participatory budgeting’ by involving people at every stage.

Self-sufficient municipal finance system: Currently, large amount of municipal

expenditure is dependent on grants and subsidies. Even the revenue expenditure is not met from the revenue income. The 74th constitutional amendment promotes decentralization of power and responsibilities to the local governments by devolving eighteen functions. To realize CMC to be a third tier government to its full potential, there is need to attain self-sufficiency in financial management. This requires following interventions:

Computerization of all municipal operation like accounting processes,

property tax collection, MIS, and grievances redressal system for citizens. Fixed Asset register should be prepared by identifying all the assets and

correct cost identification and valuation thereof. Fixed asset register should



be maintained at historical cost basis as suggested by National municipal Accounting Manual (NMAM).

Financial Management manual should be prepared for the corporation. Financial management tools like cash management, inventory

management, receivable management, expenditure management should be implemented for smooth operation.

Cash flow estimation or budget should be prepared on a regular basis for optimum utilization of cash.

Analysis of receivables should be made and efforts should be made to collect huge arrears of holding tax.

Depreciation fund for the municipality should be created for replacement of assets.

Business Process reengineering of financial activities should be undertaken.

Rational budget on accrual basis should be prepared. If accrual based double entry accounting system is implemented then cash based incremental based budget also needs change. For the first year after conversion of accounting system to double entry system, zero base budgeting may be considered. This will make the budget process more rational and will help to compare budget and actual performance.

Programme and performance budgeting (PPB) may be implemented through following steps:

i. By identifying and grouping service activities into programs;

ii. Preparation of program goals; iii. Preparation of objectives; iv. Determination of performance indicators to measure

the achievement of objectives through activity indicators, performance indicators, efficiency indicators and effectiveness indicators.

v. Preparation of budget for each programme Reconciliation of receivables, payables, advances, bank accounts should

be carried out at regular intervals. Financial statements of the corporation should be prepared at the year end

and audit of such statements should be carried out by external agency. Costing of Municipal services should be carried out. CMC should target

towards Full Cost accounting. Proper Management Information System should be implemented in the

ULB for planning, monitoring and performance evaluation.



Appropriate Internal Control System should be implemented in the ULB. Lack of trained manpower is a major problem so a training need

assessment should be carried out to identify the gap and necessary training may be imparted for better capacity building because introduction of double entry system of book-keeping will require trained staff for smooth operation.

Professionals accountants may be recruited on contractual basis in the initial years of operation and for capacity building of fellow accountants



CHAPTER 11 - City Investment Plan

The investments required for next 7 years for different sectors like water supply, sewerage drainage, sanitation, solid waste management and roads etc. are presented in this chapter. The projects are identified from strategies and prioritization has done based on the existing situation analysis and also from stakeholder consultation.

11.1 City Investment Plan for Cuttack The CDP process has resulted in the formulation of city investment plan to the extent of around Rs 1794.4 crores over a period of seven years. The city investment plan has covered the key infrastructure areas of water supply, sewerage and sanitation, storm water drains, solid waste management, traffic and transportation and slum development and urban poverty reduction. The sewerage, storm water drain and sanitation sector has got highest share, which is 44 percent of the total city investment plan.

11.1.1 Financing Arrangements: The financing arrangements indicates 80 percent grant from the Government of India and the remaining 20 percent is to be met from the resources of the state government and the city institutions. The share of Government of India works out to be Rs 830.4 crores while the share of state and city governments stands at Rs 207.6 crores excluding the investments coming from JBIC for Integrated sewerage and drainage project.

Table 11-1 City Investment Plan

Sector Amount (Rs Crores)

% To Total

Water Supply 383.5 21% Sewerage, Storm Water Drains and Sanitation

782.4 44%

Solid Waste Management 67 4% Traffic and Transportation 235 13% Slum Development and Urban Poverty Reduction

261.5 15%

Disaster management 9.5 1% Gender development 2 0% Environment 53.5 3% Total City Investment Plan 1794.4 100%



Table 11-2 Financing Arrangement for Cuttack

Agency Infrastructure (Rs cr) JBIC and other sources 1100 ULB/ parastatal /Pvt State

138.80

GoI 555.60 Total 1794.4

11.1.2 Implementation mechanism for CDP The ULB with support from SUDA should set up a CDP monitoring committee comprising of 1-15 members from elected representatives, officials from key departments and civil society members. The Committee should be headed by the Chairperson. The city should establish a CDP cell comprising of 3 or 4 senior officials from the ULB to act as the Secretariat for the CDP monitoring committee. The city with support from Housing and Urban Development Department should set up a Project Implementation Unit (PIU) to implement CDP as well as reforms under the UIDSSMT. The city should organize a donor consultation to disseminate the CDP and mobilize resources. 11.2 Sector Wise Investment Plan – Cuttack 11.2.1 Water Supply Table 11-3 Water Supply

Project name Project components Amount (Rs Crores)

Implementing Agency

Remarks/

Water sector reforms

Simplification of procedures, communication strategy, grievance redressal system etc.

10.00 Public Health and Engineering Organistaion PHEO

Newly proposed under CDP

Master plan preparation

Preparation of a comprehensive master plan

1.50 PHEO Newly proposed under CDP

NRW reduction

Study and Leak detection measures, equipment Metering of all HH Connections

6.00 PHEO Newly proposed under CDP

Energy audit Study and measures 1.00 PHEO Newly proposed under CDP

Water Quality Establishment of water quality studies and monitoring system

3.00 PHEO/ State Pollution Control Baord SPCB




Short term improvement plan

For distribution and treatment Production wells Repairing of existing network and de-silting of pipelines Improvement of rainwater harvesting measures

35 PHEO Newly proposed under CDP

Long term improvement plan

For surface water source development at Ph naraj and to cover uncover areas, water treatment plant and strengthen the existing trunk lines etc.

324

PHEO/ Orissa Water Supply and Sewearge Board OWSSB

The project is under proposal stage Under JBIC/


Training and capacity building programs for customer friendly behaviors and also to use MIS in O & M

3 PHEO Newly proposed under CDP

Total 383.5 11.2.2 Sewerage Table 11-4 Sewerage


Implementing Agency

Remarks


Preparation of a comprehensive master plan

2.50 OWSSB Newly proposed under CDP


Construction & rehabilitation of Sewerage System including Sewage treatment plant (STP), Pumping Station Construction & rehabilitation of Storm water drainage facilities in Cuttack City Construction & rehabilitation of Low Cost Sanitation Units (LCS) in public places & slum areas. Public awareness enhancement on environment & public sanitation Recommendation regarding institutional Strengthening & capacity building programme. Construction of water quality monitoring facilities Consulting services

756.4 OWSSB JBIC Funding

Total 758.9



11.2.3 Storm Water Drainage Table 11-5 Storm water drainage


Implementing Agency

Remarks


Preparation of a comprehensive master plan includes

2.5 OWSSB and Water Resource Department


Public awareness and communication

Design and implementing strategies and campaigns

3 OWSSB and CMC



Renovation and construction of Gadaghai in conjunction with development of surrounding areas

18 OWSSB (Under UIDSSMT)

DPR is prepared

Total 23.5 Construction and rehabilitation of storm water drainage is coming under JBIC Integrated Sewerage and Drainage Project. 11.2.4 Solid Waste Management: Table 11-6 Solid waste management

Project name Project components

Amount (Rs Crores)

Implementing Agency

Remarks

Action Plan Solid Waste Management Action Plan

1.00 Cuttack Municipal Corporation CMC



Designing and implementing strategies and campaigns

2.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP


Designing and implementing strategy for door-to-door collection, source segregation, collection bins

5.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP PPP mode


Vehicle Tracking System, Vehicle Fleet, Transfer Station

7.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP/ PPP mode

20 CMC Newly proposed under CDP, PPP

5.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP, PPP

Disposal and Treatment

1. Develop a processing and treatment facility

2. Vermi-composting

3. Construction and land development of lanfill site

25.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP, PPP





2 CMC Newly proposed under CDP

Total 67 11.2.4 Traffic and Transportation Table 11-7 Traffic and Transportation


Implementing Agency

Remarks

Master plan Preparation of comprehensive master plan

2.00 Roads and Buiding Department R& B

Newly proposed under CDP/

Construction/up gradation of Cuttack city internal roads

Raising and strengthening the crust Widening the carriageway Providing foot paths and medians

50 R& B Under UIDSSMT Scheme

Signals and junction improvements

Designing and implementing strategies

15.00 R& B Newly proposed under CDP

Construction of Fly over Bridge at Nuabazar Junction

25 R& B Under future project prposal


Construction of Fly over Bridge from Pravat Cinema Hall to N.H 5

20 R& B To be constructed out of Govt. grant

Street lights As per standards 100% coverage

20.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP / PPP mode

Extension of Ring road

Extension of ring road on eastern side of the city

60.00 R& B Newly proposed under CDP, PPP mode

Public transport Improvement of infrastructure facilities in Badambadi bus station Increasing the fleet size Dedicated bus lanes Provision of small prepaid tempos for internal trips with in the city

27.00 R& B Newly proposed under CDP, PPP mode

Bicycle friendly approaches

Dedicated lines, parking etc.

7.00 R& B/CMC Newly proposed under CDP

Parking spaces Terminals/complexes 4.00 R& B/CMC Newly proposed under CDP, PPP mode

Pedestrian safety Crossing facilities, foot paths

2.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP /

Institutional Strengthening and


3.00 R& B Newly proposed under CDP



Capacity Building Total 235 11.2.5 Slum Development and Poverty Reduction Table 11-8 Slum Development and Poverty Reduction


Implementing Agency

Remarks

Comprehensive survey and data base including computerization, mapping etc.

1.50 CMC With the help of private consultancy


Conferring Tenurial Rights

.. CMC Newly proposed under CDP

Slum and Poverty data base

Evolving a policy on Notification and Denotification

.. CMC Newly proposed under CDP

Basic services Water supply, sanitation, roads, solid waste management

150.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP, Funding may from IHSDP and CMC (80: 20)

Housing Pucca housing both insitu and relocation

80.00 CMC Newly proposed under CDP Funding may from IHSDP and CMC (80: 20)

Community development

Developing community structures, participation, awareness


Livelihood strategy

• Institutional capacity building

• Support for Enterprise development

• Training and income generating activities


Social infrastructure

Health, education, town halls etc.


Total 261.5



11.2.6 Disaster Management Table 11-9 Disaster Management

Project name Project components

Amount (Rs Crores)

Implementing Agency

Remarks/

Disaster preparedness

Equipment and machinery

2.50 OSDMA Newly proposed under CDP

Relief and rehabilitation

Control rooms, shelters, consumables etc.

7.00 OSDMA Newly proposed under CDP ULB and District Magistrate

Urban Earthquake Vulnerability Reduction Program UEVRP

Officials, NGOs, CBO’s

- OSDMA Orissa State Disaster Mitigation Authority OSDMA with the help of UNDP

Total 9.50 11.2.7 Gender Development Table 11-10 Gender Development


Implementing Agency

Remarks

Developing tools and guidelines

Gender planning and budgeting



Officials, NGOs, CBOs


Total 2.00



11.2.8 Environment Table 11-11 Environment

Table 11-12 Year wise investments

Year wise Sector CIP FY1 FY2 FY3 FY4 FY5 FY6 FY7 TOTAL

Water Supply 47 94 73 55 37.6 31 45 383.5

Sewerage , storm water and Sanitation 150 131 124 94 80 69 135 782.4

Solid Waste Mangement 15 13 9.8 6.8 10.25 11.75 0 67

Traffic and Transportation 35 45 33 32 37.5 24.5 32 235

Slum Development and Poverty Reduction 40 41 30 29 33.75 44 45 261.5

Disaster Management 2 1.5 1 1 1.25 1.25 1.5 9.5

Gender Development 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0 2

Environment 9.3 8 6.3 5.3 6.25 8.5 10 53.5


Implementing Agency

Remarks/

Preservation of water bodies

Cleaning and removing weeds

5.5 CMC and SPCB

Under UIDSSMT

Protection of city from flooding

Protective embankment from Brajabiharipur to Bellview on Kathajodi left embankment and from Brajabiharipur to Chahata on Mahanadi right embankment

25 CMC D.P.R. has been prepared and submitted to Govt. for approval.


Officials, NGOs, CBOs 1.0 CMC Newly proposed under CDP

Renewal of city center

Reconstructing the dilapidated structures Avenue Plantation

4 CMC Newly proposed under CDP

Beautification of riverfront

Develop tourist interest places along the river Eg. Water sports, Gardens

8 CMC Newly proposed under CDP in PPP Mode


Conservation of old structures inside the city

4 INTACH in collaboration with CMC


Construction of parks and playgrounds

Construction of neighborhood parks and playgrounds in the city

6 CMC Newly proposed under CDP in PPP Mode

Total 53.5



297 334 277 223 207 190.2 268 1794.4 Projects Having Potential for PPPs The following projects have the potential for PPPs

1. Door-to-door collection of solid wastes, 2. Secondary collection, treatment and disposal 3. Developing parking areas, traffic junctions and improving the city image 4. Slums - Comprehensive survey and data base including computerization, mapping etc. 5. Beautification of riverfront 6. Construction of parks/ playgrounds 7. Extension of Ring road 8. Improving the public transport 9. Community toilets 10. O&M of street lights



11.3 Year Wise Sectoral Investment Plan. Table 11-13 Year wise Sector Investment plan

Yearwise City investment plan for cuttack city Project Component Year Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Water supply

Water sector reforms Simplification of procedures, communication strategy, grievance redressal system etc. 3 2.5 2.5 2 10

Comprehensive Master plan preparation Preparation of a comprehensive master plan 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5

NRW Reduction Study and Leak detection measures, equipmentMetering of all HH Connections 2 1 1 2 6

Energy audit Study and measures 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 1

Water Quality Establishment of water quality studies and monitoring system 1 1 1 3

Short term improvement plan For distribution and treatment Production wells 2 1 2 2 1 8

Repairing of existing network and de-silting of pipelines 10 6.5 2.5 4 2.5 25.5

Improvement of rainwater harvesting measures 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5

Long term improvement plan surface water source development 45 30 20 15 15 25 160 covering uncovered areas 20 20 10 10 10 20 80 treatment plant 20 10 8 10 48 strengthen the existing trunk lines 10 5 5 5 6 5 37




Training and capacity building programs for customer friendly behaviors and also to use MIS in O & M 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 1 3

Swerage and storm water drain and sanitation Master plan for drainage and storm water drainage system 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.5Master plan for sewerage system 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.5


Construction & rehabilitation of Sewerage System including Sewage treatment plant (STP), Pumping Station 75 75 75 50 25 25 72 397

Construction & rehabilitation of Storm water drainage facilities in Cuttack City 65 45 35 35 45 40 62 327

Construction & rehabilitation of Low Cost Sanitation Units (LCS) in public places & slum areas. 4 2 2 2 5 13

Public awareness enhancement on environment & public sanitation 0.5 0.5 5 0.5 0.5 2.5

Recommendation regarding institutional Strengthening & capacity building programme. 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 3.5

Construction of water quality monitoring facilities 2 1 1 2 6

Consulting services 1 0.5 1 2.5Public awareness progarm for storm drainage system

Design and implementing strategies and campaigns 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3


Renovation and construction of Gadaghai in conjunction with development of surrounding areas 5 3 3 3 3 18



solid waste management Solid Waste Management Action Plan

Solid Waste Management Action Plan 0.5 0.25 0.25 1


Designing and implementing strategies and campaigns 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5 2


Designing and implementing strategy for door-to-door collection, source segregation, collection bins 2 1 0.5 0.5 1 5


Vehicle Tracking System, Vehicle Fleet, Transfer Station 1 1 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 7

Disposal and Treatment 1. Develop a processing and treatment

facility 5 3 2 2 3 5 20 2. Vermi-composting 2 2 1 5

Construction and land development of lanfill site 5 5 3 2 5 5 25


Training and capacity Building programs 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.3 0.3 2

Traffic and Transportation Master plan Preparation of comprehensive master plan

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 2Construction/up gradation of Cuttack city internal roads

Raising and strengthening the crust Widening the carriagewayProviding foot paths and medians 10 10 5 5 5 5 10 50

Signals and junction improvements Designing and implementing strategies 5 2.5 2.5 2 3 15

Construction of Fly over Bridge at Nuabazar Junction 5 2.5 2.5 5 5 5 25


Construction of Fly over Bridge from Pravat Cinema Hall to N.H 5 5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 5 20

Street lights As per standards 100% coverage 5 5 2.5 2.5 5 20



Extension of Ring road Extension of ring road on eastern side of the city 10 10 10 10 10 10 60

Public transport Improvement of infrastructure facilities in Badambadi bus stationIncreasing the fleet sizeDedicated bus lanesProvision of small prepaid tempos for internal trips with in the city 10 5 5 5 5 27

Bicycle friendly approaches Dedicated lines, parking etc. 2 1 1 1 1 1 7

Parking spaces Terminals/complexes 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 4Pedestrian safety Crossing facilities, foot paths 2 2Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building

Training and capacity Building programs 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3

Slum Development and Poverty Reduction Slum and Poverty data base Preperation of data base regarding existing

slum conditions E.g. Housing, Infrastructure, Programs etc. 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.3 1.5

Conferring Tenurial Rights - - - - Evolving a policy on Notification and Denotification

- - - Basic services Basic services Like Water Supply Sewerage

and Sanitation 25 25 15 15 20 25 25 150Housing Housing scemes for Slum Population 10 10 10 10 10 15 15 80Community development Developing community structures,

participation, awareness 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3



Livelihood strategy Institutional capacity building, Support for

Enterprise development, Training and income generating activities 3 2 2 1 1 1 2 12

Social infrastructure Health, education, town halls etc. 3 2 2 2 3 3 15Disaster Management Disaster preparedness Equipment and machinery 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 2.5Relief and rehabilitation Control rooms, shelters, consumables etc.

1.5 1 0.5 0.5 1 1 1.5 7Urban Earthquake Vulnerability Reduction Program UEVRP

Officials, NGOs, CBO’s

- - - - Gender Development Developing tools and guidelines

Gender planning and budgeting 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.3 1

Training and capacity building Officials, NGOs, CBOs 0.2 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.2 0.2 1

Environment Preservation of water bodies Cleaning and removing weeds

1.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 5.5Protection of city from flooding Protective embankment from Brajabiharipur to

Bellview on Kathajodi left embankment and from Brajabiharipur to Chahata on Mahanadi right embankment

5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 5 5 25Training and capacity building Officials, NGOs, CBOs

0.25 0.25 0.3 0.3 1Renewal of city center Reconstructing the dilapidated structures,

Avenue Plantation 0.75 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 4



Beautification of riverfront Develop tourist interest places along the river , Eg. Water sports, Gardens 2 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2 8


Conservation of old structures inside the city 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 4

Construction of parks Construction of neighborhood parks in the city2 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 6

1794.4



Annexures: Ward wise population

Ward No Population ( 2001 census)

1 11,148 2 10,800 3 11,055 4 11,074 5 10,070 6 9,930 7 9,600 8 10,100 9 8,920 10 10,450 11 9,759 12 11,566 13 9,926 14 9,127 15 10,563 16 9,467 17 9,802 18 10,645 19 10,052 20 11,535 21 11,074 22 10,408 23 10,357 24 10,400 25 9,102 26 9,077 27 10,952 28 10,504 29 11,400 30 9,629 31 10,874 32 12,115 33 12,116 34 10,874 35 10,422 36 11,687 37 9,998



38 9,580 39 12,859 40 12,903 41 12,951 42 12,748 43 16,276 44 19,156 45 17,403 46 11,630 47 12,100 48 10,955

Performance of 12th Schedule Functions – Municipal Corporation

Performance of 12th Schedule Functions – Municipal Corporation No. Functions listed in 12th Schedule Incorporated

in the Act1 Transferred to ULBs2

a b c d 1 Urban Planning including town planning Yes, partly No 2 Regulation of land-use and construction of

buildings No No

3 Planning for economic and social development Yes Yes 4 Roads and bridges Yes, partly Yes, partly 5 Water supply- domestic, industrial and

commercial No No

6 Public health, sanitation, conservancy and SWM Yes Yes 7 Fire services No No 8 Urban forestry, protection of environment and

ecology No No

9 Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections society including the handicapped and mentally retarded

No No

10 Slum improvement and up gradation Yes Yes 11 Urban poverty alleviation Yes Yes 12 Provision of urban amenities and facilities- parks,

gardens and playgrounds Yes Yes

13 Promotion of cultural, educational, and aesthetic aspects

Yes Yes

14 Burials and burial grounds, cremations, cremation grounds and electric crematoriums

Yes Yes

15 Cattle pounds, prevention of cruelty to animals Yes Yes 16 Vital statistics including registration of births and

deaths Yes Yes

17 Public amenities including street lighting, parking Yes Yes 1 Indicate as either : Completely, No, or Partly 2 Indicate as either : Completely, No, or Partly



lots, bus stops and public conveniences 18 Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries Yes Yes

1. Regulation of land-use and construction of buildings – The zoning regulations are enforced by the Development Authorities under the provision of Orissa Development Authority Act.

2. Roads and bridges – Major roads and bridges in urban areas are being maintained and controlled by Works Department.

3. Water supply- domestic, industrial and commercial – These functions are now being carried out by Public Health Engineering Organisation under H & U. D. Deptt.

4. Fire services – The function is now under the administrative control of Home Deptt.

5. Urban forestry, protection of environment and ecology – These functions are now being discharged by Forest and Environment Deptt.

6. Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections society including the handicapped and mentally retarded – The Deptt. Of Women and Child Development acts as the Nodal Deptt. In respect of welfare of handicapped and mentally retarded.

Source: JnNNURM Check list, CMC

Timeline for reform Implementation Functions listed in 12th Schedule Gov.

Resolution Cabinet

Approval Implementation

Urban Planning including town planning Partly, complete transfer - 4th year.

Regulation of land-use and construction of buildings

4th year

Planning for economic and social development

- - Exist with ULBs

Roads and bridges Partly, complete transfer – 6th year

Water supply- domestic, industrial and commercial

5th year

Public health, sanitation, conservancy and SWM

Exist with ULBs

Fire services

3rd year

Urban forestry, protection of environment and ecology

3rd year

Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections society including the handicapped and mentally retarded

Partly, complete transfer – 2nd year

Slum improvement and upgradation - - Functions exist with ULBs

Urban poverty alleviation

- - -do-

Provision of urban amenities and facilities- parks, gardens and playgrounds

- - -do-

Promotion of cultural, educational, and aesthetic aspects

- - -do-



Functions listed in 12th Schedule Gov. Resolution

Cabinet Approval

Implementation

Burials and burial grounds, cremations, cremation grounds and electric crematoriums

- - -do-

Cattle pounds, prevention of cruelty to animals - - -do- Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths

- - -do-

Public amenities including street lighting, parking lots, bus stops and public conveniences

-

- -do-

Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries

- - -do-

Water Supply Charges: Rate in Rupees effective from Category Unit

Rate Aug-96 Nov-05 June-07 Consumption Charges Domestic metered Rs/KL 1.50 2.54 2.67 Domestic un-metered upto 2 taps Rs/month 30.00 50.73 53.27 For extra taps each Rs/month/tap 10.00 17 17.75 Non domestic Rs/Kl 3.50 8.00 8.40 Commercial Rs/Kl 3.50 8.00 8.40 Industrial Rs/Kl 3.00 8.00 8.40 Public stand posts Rs/month 30.00 100.00 105.00 Source: OWSSB Connection Costs Connection charges Unit

Rate Aug-96 Nov-05 June-07

Domestic Rs/connection 3000.00 3000.00 3000.00 Private apartments upto 25 flats Rs/connection - 10000.00 10000.00 25 to 50 flats Rs/connection - 20000.00 20000.00 More than 50 flats Rs/connection 30000.00 30000.00 Institutional Rs/connection 4000.00 5000.00 5000.00 Industrial/commercial Rs/connection 5000.00 6000.00 6000.00 Public standpost Rs/connection - 3000.00 3000.00 77000.00 77000.00 Source: OWSSB The historical trend for flat rate and volumetric rate tariff are presented below.

Historical trend of increase of water tariff (flat rate on two tap basis)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Years

tarif

f in

Rs.



LIST OF IDENTIFIED SLUM POCKETS

(Revised Population & House Hold as per BPL Survey-2004) Sl. No. /

Slum No. Ward No. Name of the Slum Category Population Household

1 1 Bidanasi Gopal Sahi II 2835 525

2 1 Bidanasi Kumbhar Sahi II 1972 326

3 2 Bidanasi Dhoba Sahi II 135 29

4 1 Bidanasi Bauri Sahi II 448 112

5 2 Bidanasi Hairanpur I 488 122

6 1 Bidanasi Municipal Colony, Nua Sahi II 2424 606

7 3 Tulasipur Tanla Sahi I 1807 383

8 3 Tulasipur Hadi Sahi II 350 69

9 3 Tulasipur Bauri Sahi II 1870 386

10 11 Fasidia Pana Sahi I 809 161

11 3 Tulasipur Hatua Sahi II 992 248

12 5 Ramagarh III 1232 245

13 5 Mansingh Patna Muslim Sahi II 306 52

14 6 Dagarapara II 1853 365

15 7 Alisha Bazar Hadi Sahi II 550 100

16 2 Idga Refugee Colony II 843 211

17 6 Kafla Pana Sahi II 865 160

18 4 Stewart Patna Tanla Sahi I 840 164

19 5 Sidheswar Sahi Pana Sahi II 2500 500

20 13 Oriya Bazar Salmalia Padia II 925 152

21 13 Oriya Bazar Gauda Sahi II 850 180

22 9 Oriya Bazar Chamar Sahi II 1455 291

23 14 Oriya Bazar Kutakhai Gali II 1425 285

24 9 Kazi Bazar II 550 110

25 14 Deewan Bazar Muslim Sahi II 2050 410

Historical trend in volumetric water tariff rates

0123456789

10

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Year

Rs./1

000l

itrs Domestic

Institutionalcommercialindustrial



26 14 Deewan Bazar Tanti Sahi II 1150 230

27 8 Mehendipur II 2232 372

28 9 Mehendipur Refugee Colony II 530 87

29 15 Dhuanpatria Gali II 1072 235

30 15 Ganeshghat Pana Sahi II 530 110

31 15 Ganeshghat Keuta Sahi II 1630 364

32 15 Ganeshghat Bhandari Sahi II 1135 235

33 15 Sahebzada Bazar II 1905 336

34 12 Pattapole Colony II 3600 720

35 12 Sutahat Tanti Sahi II 510 102

36 10 Pattapole Muslim Sahi II 4500 900

37 12 Pattapole Tanti Sahi II 275 55

38 12 Sutahat Hadi Sahi I 765 153

39 16 Gopal Jew Matha Sahi, Harijana Sahi II 2503 305

40 16 Purighat Bauri Sahi II 1055 150

41 22 Purighat Pana Sahi I 620 113

42 19 Makaraba Sahi Dhobi Lane II 1675 335

43 17 Makaraba Sahi Telgu Muslim Sahi II 1378 213

44 17 Meria Bazar II 1233 264

45 19,20,26 Kesharpur II 2096 407

46 26 Gamhadia II 1015 200

47 26 Thoria Sahi Ghashia Sahi II 780 190

48 26 Thoria Sahi Main Bastee III 1810 200

49 26 Thoria Sahi Nayak Sahi III 450 100

50 27 Thoria Sahi Mallha Sahi II 1808 450

51 17 Tinikonia Bagicha II 4015 700

52 18 Kadam Rasool II 2050 550

53 21 Hatipokhari II 1100 100

54 21 Niam Sahi Dhoba Sahi Tanti Sahi II 576 144

55 21 Nima Sahi Pana Sahi II 600 150

56 21 Nima Sahi Kumbhar Sahi II 1909 380

57 23 Dolamundai II 640 225

58 30 Bisinabar III 936 186

59 21 Pithapur Pana Sahi II 603 100



60 28 Ranihat Mochi Sahi I 2128 359

61 25 Professorpara II 4320 652

62 23 Jhanjirimangala Hadi Sahi II 429 95

63 23 Jhanjirimangala Pana Sahi II 415 90

64 22 Rajabagicha Puruna Hadi Sahi II 542 90

65 24 Rajabagicha Hadi Sahi I 1100 220

66 24 Sarbodayapur II 1075 200

67 24 Rajabagicha Kusunpur II 1263 225

68 37 Khannagar Bauri Sahi Sahar Sahi I 374 64

69 19 Samanta Sahi II 1900 380

70 19 Haripur II 1800 360

71 19 Rausapatna Main Bastee II 4140 828

72 30 Sankarpur Main Bastee II 9043 1396

73 29 Balabhadrapur II 2572 496

74 31 Pilgrim Road Das Sahi I 1585 304

75 31 Chhatra Bazar Behera Sahi I 704 145

76 31 Malgodown Behera Sahi I 830 177

77 34&32 Pareswar Sahi II 2215 443

78 32&34 Muradkhan Patna Samadhi Patna II 1427 298

79 33 Jobra Nadikula Sahi II 2435 415

80 34 Jobra Tinapita Sahi II 1700 211

81 39 Sikharpur Uppar Sahi II 1688 307

82 40 Sikharpur Nadikula Sahi II 1687 315

83 45 Gandhipalli II 3815 763

84 45 Nehrupalli II 2290 665

85 45 Potapokhari Sahi II 1500 290

86 44 Nua Gauda Sahi II 1160 232

87 44 Kazidhia II 1980 396

88 44 Dargha Patna II 2135 427

89 43 Nuapara II 1050 210

90 43 Sartol Mallick Sahi II 200 40

91 43 Sartol Bauri Sahi II 225 45

92 43 Poparada II 1100 220

93 43 Beleswar II 575 115



94 43 Tinigharia Canal Road II 410 82

95 44 Andarpur II 2375 475

96 35 Chauliagunj Dhoba Sahi II 250 50

97 36 Chauliagunj Muslim Sahi II 1176 196

98 40 Chauliagunj Sahar Sahi II 299 45

99 35 Chauliagunj Matha Sahi III 2500 510

100 45 Bidyadharpur Mallick Sahi Bhoi Sahi II 500 100

101 45 Bidyadharpur Barik Sahi II 520 102

102 45 Bidydharpur Gopinath Bazar II 525 100

103 45 Bidyadharpur Pana Sahi II 305 61

104 45 Kanheipur Bauri Sahi II 780 130

105 45 Keshpur II 1180 236

106 38 Khannagar Guru Sahi Keuta Sahi II 900 250

T O T A L - 152182 29363 NEWLY IDENTIFIED SLUMS

Sl. No./ Slum No.

Ward No. Name of the Slum Category Population Household

107 2 Mahatab Nagar I 895 179

108 2 Radahakrishnapur I 305 60

109 2 Ring Road Bandha Tala Sahi (Back Side Uppar Police Colony) I 567 133

110 2 Satichaura Bandha Tala Sahi I 844 211

111 2 Idga Muslim Sahi II 280 50

112 2 Sati Gumpha I 180 40

113 2 Kathajodi Vihar I 935 200

114 2 Braja Biharipur II 569 113

115 2 Munda Sahi CDA, Sec-13 II 935 187

116 2 Dhabeleswar Gada Harijana Sahi I 195 38

117 3 Chahata Nagar Bastee I 115 25

118 3 Ring Road Bandha Tala Sahi (Back Side Tulasipur Dispensary) I 258 60

119 6&2 Sati Chaura Harijana Sahi I 200 40

120 7 Matha Gali Antaryami II 250 50

121 7 Bhandari Sahi (Immam Badi) II 500 100

122 8 Makara Sahi (Bana Padia) 150 30

123 9 Telgu Sahi Rover Street I 110 22



124 10 Gadagadia Patha Adibasi Sahi I 535 107

125 10 Sutahat Pana Sahi Gali II 840 168

126 10 Surya Kiran Sahi (Behind Hotelsurya Kiran) I Evicted 25

127 11 Berhampuria Bastee (Inside Gada Khai) I 575 119

128 11 Berhampur Bastee (Inside Barbati Stadium) I 205 50

129 12 Godam Gali Pattapole II 835 167

130 12 Dagbar Sahi Sutahat II 850 170

131 13 Baunsa Gali Part II 760 150

132 14 Oriya Bazar Muslim Sahi II 1690 338

133 9 Kazi Bazar Dhobi Sahi II 250 50

134 16 Mallickbag (Near Town Hall) I 505 95

135 18 Telgu Bastee (Infront Of Asha Apartment) I 430 80

136 18 Tinigharia Jama Gali (Jhola Sahi) II 830 120

137 19 Bepari Sahi Muslim Sahi II 250 50

138 20 Thoria Sahi Harijana Sahi II 520 104

139 20 Akhada Gali II 370 74

140 20 Machhua Bazar II 2375 475

141 20 Kumbhar Sahi Buxi Bazar II 345 69

142 20 Badhei Sahi Buxi Bazar II 1010 202

143 21 Nima Sahi Telgu Bastee II 209 50

144 23 Labour Colony Sweeper Sahi I 250 45

145 23 Jhola Sahi Bauri Sahi II 365 50

146 25 Gopa Nahakani Bastee (Private Land) I 178 40

147 25 Narayan Mishra Lane Bauri Sahi I 95 20

148 26 Siakari Sahi II 290 75

149 27 Mallha Sahi Nadikula Sahi I 490 100

150 28 Ranihat Canal Road I 500 155

151 28 Medical Sweeper Colony (Tenement) II 250 50

152 29 Balabhadrapur Telgu Sahi I 500 100

153 29 Mahatab Road New Colony II 250 50

154 29 Mahatab Road II 250 50

155 31 Surya Nagar Sahi (Pilgrim Road) I 135 30

156 35 Santala Sahi Gorkha Lane I 200 40

157 32 Patra Sahi II 3075 615



158 32 KuLibasa Lane(Near Railway Station) I 1270 254

159 32 Station Bazar Behera Colony II 255 51

160 32 Pareswar Sahi Mir Sahi II 360 72

161 32 Station Bazar Matha Sahi II 1765 353

162 32 Potter’s Colony Station Bazar I 554 100

163 33 Barrage Colony I 549 119

164 33 Charigharia II 298 62

165 33 Jamal Bastee Bhoi Sahi Bhandari Sahi II 386 78

166 33 Junus Patna Harijana Sahi Canal Road Bastee, Chuna Bhati Bastee I 397 80

167 35 Gurkha Colony I 2000 318

168 35 Nua Nima Sahi I 980 168

169 35 Gandhi Chhak I 600 100

170 38 Kali Vihar Nadikula Sahi I 502 117

171 39 Kora Pokhari Harijana Sahi II 262 55

172 39 Nadikula Sahi Gurukhetra Padia I 562 115

173 41 Najarpur II 1340 268

174 41 Najarpur Keuta Sahi I 450 89

175 41 Najarpur Munda Sahi I 1500 252

176 41 Sikaripur Bateswar Sahi II 670 135

177 41 Fakirpur II 1350 260

178 41 Jagatpur Old Industrial Estate I 636 106

179 41 Nimapur Sahar Sahi II 1044 174

180 41 Laxmanpur Harijana Sahi II 280 45

181 41 Jagatpur Harijana Sahi II 300 52

182 41 Bhubanpur Hadi Sahi I 250 50

183 41 Laxmanpur Muslim Sahi I 150 25

184 42 Immam Nagar Harijan Sahi II 300 60

185 42 Podabara II 280 55

186 42 Industrial Estate Jagatpur Bali Sahi I 1380 230

187 42 Nankar Dhoba Sahi Behera Sahi II 250 50

188 42 Jagatpur Harijana Sahi Nua Sahi II 500 100

189 42 Immam Nagar Muslim Sahi II 500 100

190 42 Station Bazar Jagatpur I 250 50



191 43 Jagannath Colony (Infront Of Panchamukhi Hanuman Temple) I 730 146

192 43 Mangala Sahi I 465 93

193 43 Santoshi Nagar I 410 82

194 43 Gujurati Bastee (Near Ghatakula) I 175 35

195 43 Munda Sahi (Near Poporada) I 150 30

196 43 Sartol Bhoi Sahi II 225 45

197 43 Tinigharia Level Crossing II 175 35

198 44 Srikhetra Nagar Darkha Patna I 350 70

199 44 Taladanda Canal Embankment (Near Andarpur) I 210 42

200 44 Manimatha Sahi I 390 78

201 44 Nisamani Lane Bauri Sahi I 170 32

202 44 Rajendra Nagar Sabar Sahi I 215 43

203 44 Bissalyakarani Lane Bauri Sahi I 760 152

204 45 Bhadimula II 1185 237

205 45 Bhadimula Nadia Bagicha I 250 50

206 45 Canal Bandha Bastee (Infront Of CRRI Gate) I 725 125

207 45 Jagannath Road (Near Leprosy Colony) I 609 103

208 45 Mahima Nagar I 800 160

209 45 Debendra Nagar I 490 95

210 46 Srikoruan Gurubari Sahi II 499 100

211 46 Srikoruan Bauri Sahi II 248 52

212 46 Gopalpur Harijana Sahi II 247 53

213 46 Balikuda Samal Sahi II 253 57

214 46 Gopal Pur Saharsahi I 242 51

215 46 Subhadra Pur Harijana Sahi II 248 53

216 46 Kajipatna Muslim Sahi I 265 52

217 46 Tota Sahi II 248 51

218 46 Amaniapatna Bhoi Sahi I 201 42

219 47 Pratap Nagari Kaibartya Sahi II 560 112

220 47 Puruna Nuagada Pana Sahi II 500 100

221 47 Bhanapur Samal Sahi II 150 25

222 47 Telengapentha Samal Sahi II 180 30

223 48 Adhangadhia Harijana Sahi II 257 67

224 48 Nua Patna Indira Gandhi Colony II 373 75



225 48 Mugabhanga Muslim Sahi II 129 26

226 48 Kacharamala Harijana Sahi II 497 100

227 48 Puruna Kacharamala Harijana Sahi II 481 100

229 46 Kajipatna Indiracolony I 133 30

230 47 Dahaliabag Bhoi sahi II 100 20

231 47 Kumbharajpur Bhoisahi II 125 25

232 47 Purunanuagada Bariksahi II 175 35

233 47 Purunanuagada Ostakudasahi I 250 50

234 47 Nuagada Dandakulala Sahi II 150 30

235 42 Immanagar Bariksahi II 180 36

236 42 Immanagar Mallicksahi II 250 50

237 42 Tarala saharsahi(Adibasisahi) I 250 50

238 1 Nua Adibasi sahi (Bidyadhar Pur) II 160 32

239 1 Puruna Adibasi sahi (Bidyadhar Pur) II 125 25

240 1 Bauri Sahi (Sandhapur) II 130 25

241 1 Kaibarta Sahi (Sandhapur) II 392 78

242 1 Bentakarapada II 255 49

243 23 Telgu Bastee (Infront of Akbari Hotel) I 290 50

244 34 Malha Sahi (Near Railway Bridge) I 127 26

245 34 Samadhipatna (Northside) II 251 52

246 4 Tulasipur Bila Sahi I 112 30

247 4 Tulasipur Bauri sahi Chakra Dhara Behera Gali II 165 35

248 6 Alisabajar Seema Icecream Factory Gali I 200 40

249 6 Harihara Ghat Near Gundicha Mandira I 250 50

250 13 Oriya Bajar Telugu bastee II 775 130

251 13 Baunsa Gali Telugubastee II 890 200

252 4 Tinigharia Sahi I 185 40

253 9 Khatbini Sahi-Phakir lane Pana Sahi II 100 20

254 9 Khatbini sahi-Phakir lane Muslim Sahi II 750 150

255 9 Mehindpur sunadei Gali to Dr. Naim House Gali II 500 100

256 9 Balubajar(Nimchoudi) Masjid gali Markandia Sahi II 190 38

257 9 Balubajar(Nimchoudi) Masjid gali Muslim sahi II 160 32

258 9 Gangamandir Mitra colony (Near Anchala Office) II 285 57

T O T A L - 71,437 14,148



Grand Total- 2,23,619 43,511

List of Water Logged areas

Sl No. Water Logging Locations Ward No.1 2 3

1 Wireless Stand Post 2

2 All India Radio 8

3 Near Deer Park 8

4 Gorakabar Stand Post 8

5 Gorakabar Muslim Basti 8

6 Tulasipur Hatuasahi 2

7 Tulasipur Matha Sahi 2

8 Tulasipur Mohatab Nagar 2

9 Tulasipur Godhuli Lane 2

10 Tulasipur Tanlasahi 2

11 Deulasahi Dhobasahi 2

12 Sibajinagar Dhobasahi 2

13 Sibajinagar Stand Post 2

14 Idga (Near Sati Choura) 2

15 Deulasahi Ratha Sahu Lane 2

16 Sati Choura & Imampara 1

17 Sidheswarsahi Pokhari & SaitanBagicha

3

18 Ramgarh 3

19 Near Collectors Residence 7

20 Kafla Fandi 3

21 Reba Bagicha 3

22 Alam Chand Bazar 5

23 Kali Gali 5

24 Chandinchowk Darjeesahi 5

25 Tahasil Office Backside 5

26 Mahidas Bazar 5

27 Amala Club 6

28 P.T.I. Lane 6

29 Jagannath Ballhava 6

30 Mehendipur Habib Pokhari 6

31 Mehendipur Tanti Sahi 6

32 Mohammadia Bazar Tank 6

33 Urdhu Training School, Khatbinsahi 6

34 Kazibazar Chamar Sahi 6

35 Cambridge School Front Lane 7

36 Legal Aid Centre 7

37 Ganga Mandir Pokhari 10

38 Chunbhati Lane 10

39 Sisu Bhawan Backside 12

40 Chandan Pokhari 13

41 Talatelenga Bazar 13



42 Samanta Sahi 15

43 Durga Nursing Home 16

44 Badheisahi Bauri Pokhari 16

45 Thoriasahi Bikram Lodge 16

46 Jhola Sahi 17

47 Kumbharsahi & Hazari Lane 17

48 Rasbihari Matha Lane 18

49 Bamphi Sahi 18

50 Rajabagicha 19

51 Bhaghatpur 19

52 Jhanjiri Mangala Luniasahi 19

53 Tarachand Patana Pithapur 14

54 Jhanjir Mangala Harijan Sahi 19

55 Ranihat Sagadia Sahi 20

56 Ranihat Malisahi 20

57 Thoriasahi 21

58 Machhua Bazar Near L.I.C. Office. 22

59 Nuapatana 22

60 Mini Namuna Lane 24

61 Badambadi L.I.C. Colony 24

62 Shankarpur Mangala Mandir 24

63 Shankarpur High School 24

64 Shakti Nagar 24

65 Shankarpur Parida Sahi 24

66 Jobra Sluice Gate 27

67 Jobra Majhi Sahi 27

68 Jobra Malla Sahi 27

69 Kamalakanta Bidyapitha stand post 31

70 Sikharpur Goudasahi 31

71 Kaliaboda Stand Post 31

72 Chauliaganj Mathasahi 28

73 Near Laxmi Cinema Hall 28

74 Mahanadi Vihar Bank Chhak 29

75 Justice Chhak 29

76 Apparna Nagar 29

77 Apania Kaibalya Vihar 29

78 High Court Colony 30

79 Khannagar Sluice Gate 30

80 B.P. Central Library 30

81 Shyama Sundar Matha 30

82 P.C. Sarkar Lane 30

83 Khannagar Gouda Sahi 30

84 Press Chhak I.T.I. Back Side 34

85 Kaji Diha 34

86 Aurobinda Nagar 34

87 Nuabazar Fish Market 35

88 Zero Point Bidyadharpur 35

89 Matgajpur Sluice Gate 33

90 Jagatpur Matia Sahi 32

91 Purna Nuagada 38

92 Jagannath Ballhav 6

93 Sikharpur 31

94 Gandhipalli



95 Balikuda (Sadar) 96 Bhagatpur 97 Hindi Training School 98 Jagatpur Mundasahi 32

99 Jagatpur Kelasahi 32

100 Gorakabar (R.N.Mishra) 8

101 Khannagar Sluice Gate 30

102 Kaliaboda Gurukhetra 103 Sidheswarsahi, Panasahi 104 Mahamadiabazar (pond) 105 Mininamuna gali 106 Sunadei Mandir, Deulasahi 107 Talatelengabazar (backside A.K.Samal,

Private Pump)

108 P.C. sarkar Lane 109 Kaligali 110 Khannagar library

Stakeholder Meeting for Preparation of CDP for Cuttack City

ASCI team has organized a city level consultation meeting at Cuttack Municipal Corporation to obtain the inputs of the key stakeholders. The objective of the consultation meeting is to brief them about the CDP initiative, obtain their inputs for the same and inform the progress of activities. The purpose is to achieve the following:

1. Sector specific consultations 2. Inputs on identification of critical focus areas of city development 3. Discussions on key issues, concerns and challenges of the city 4. Gather suggestions and recommendations with respect to proposed exercise

Proceedings of the Meeting:

Stakeholder meeting was held on 24th January 2008 at Cuttack Municipal Corporation with about twenty officials1 of various service providing agencies i.e. Municipal Corporation, Development Authority, Public Health Department, Roads and Building, District Planning Committee, Tourism Department, Regional Transport Office, Road and Building Department etc. Most of the Participants are Senior Officials of the different service providing agencies. Agenda of stakeholders meeting is as follows. 24th Jan 2008: Stakeholder Meeting for Preparation of CDP for Cuttack City, 3.30 PM Onwards Duration Activity Facilitators

1 List of senior officials are attached in annexure - 1



3.30-3.40 Welcome and purpose of the meeting, Introduction of Participants

Commissioner, Senior Research Associate ASCI

3.40-4.00 Presentation on CDP Preparation and Work Plan

Senior Research Associate ASCI

4.00-4.30 Discussion and sharing of views Senior Research Associate ASCI 4.30-5.15 Group Work:

1. Forming four to six groups 2. Each group to have a

facilitator/moderator. 3. Each group will discuss identify

key issues and strategies. 4. Report back and Presentation by

each group.

Facilitator from each of the group

5.15-5.30 Summary of the meeting and next steps Senior Research Associate ASCI Brief of the Presentation on CDP Preparation and Work Plan is as follows.

• Purpose of the Meeting • Background of the CDP

o What is CDP o Need of the CDP

• CDP Process • Our Approach to the preparation of CDP • Possible Stakeholders • Planning Steering Committee • CDP Design Template for data collection • Expectations from the senior officials • City profile in brief

The ASCI team also prepared a template2 to acquire the view of stakeholders in relation to the key issues and also vision of the city. Purpose and importance of the template was explained to the participants. Summary of the Workshop: Each of the participants presented the existing issues in the city and also gave some fruitful suggestions.

2 Key issues template is attached as a annexure - 2



Key Issues Identified by Stakeholders: Infrastructure

Complete dependency on ground water sources. The quality of Water quality is very poor.

Inadequate Sanitation system The existing drainage system is insufficient and there is a frequent occurrence of

water logging in low laying areas of the city. There is no proper solid waste management system. Disposing the waste without

proper treatment. The internal roads of the city are narrow and insufficient to carry the existing traffic

volume. Drainage and sewerage is the major problem of the city Lack of open spaces Open drain and stagnation of water in drains Lack of awareness: People use drains as dumping yards for garbage disposal

Slums

There is a Continuous growth of slums Absence of street lighting in slums People live under poverty. Most of the families come under BPL category. Basic services are not available in slum areas.

Gender

Economic status of women is very negligible. Low literacy rate

Disaster Management

Cuttack city comes under earthquakes prone Zone III and cyclone prone Zone Orissa Floods are regular phenomenon every year in Cuttack City, which submerges almost

entire city area. On 4th and 25th August 2007 there was heavy downpour (331 mm). Most of the

parts of the city got submerged due to inadequate discharge capacity of existing drainage system.

Governance and Institutional Framework

Lack of coordination among different departments Lack of accountability Lack of resource management Lack of transparency



Suggestions: Immediate attention required to improve the existing drainage and sewerage system Better coordination required among the departments Existing intermittent water supply can be upgraded to 24x7 Quality of water supply should be improved Road widening is required for internal roads of the city Awareness campaign may be organized and need base training may be given to

women to generate additional income Management of solid waste and sanitation of the city needs immediate attention. There is need to develop more open spaces and green areas in the city. Prompt action required for renovation of heritage and historical places of the city.

Vision Statements: Millennium heritage city having a great regional importance Trade Commerce Center of the state



Stakeholder Meeting For City Development Plan for Cuttack City

On 24. 01. 2008



City Development Plan for Cuttack Proceedings of the meeting at Cuttack Municipal Corporation,

May 26th 2008:

The Administrative Staff College of India ASCI team has visited Cuttack city on 26th of May

2008, and held discussions with the various officials of municipal corporation and

development authority. These meetings were held as a substitute to the stakeholder

consultation originally planned on May 26 2008 but has to be postponed on the advise of

SUDA and the Municipal Corporation.

Following are the key official who participated in the discussions

• Mr. Behera Executive Engineer of Cuttack Municipal Corporation CMC

• Mr. Tripati Assistant Engineer of CMC

• Assistant town planner of Cuttack development authority, CDA

• Mr. Hazara Recovery officer, CMC

• Slum Improvement Officer, CMC

• Audit Accountant, CMC

Minutes of the discussion:

Detailed discussion was held about infrastructure with Mr. Behera Executive Engineer of the

corporation on the current status and future proposals. The number of sewerage connections

and treatment facilities for sewerage system were discussed. Existing solid waste

management system and location of dumping yard, and also proposals for landfill site etc

were discussed in detail and same were incorporated in the draft report.

Assistant town planner, Cuttack development authority has given a picturesque view of cities

future growth directions. The city is rapidly growing towards paradeep airport and also

towards Jagatpur area on NH 5 adjacent to Choudwar municipality. There is also scope for

substantial tourism, residential development towards southern part and also western side of

the city respectively.

The slum improvement officer has discussed the on going slum improvement programs and

their coverage.



The audit Superintendent has assured to send finance information for previous five years on

revenue and expenditure. As soon as this information is received, the finance chapter will be

strengthened and also FOP will be prepared.

The municipal corporation of Cuttack will discuss with State urban development agency and

come with the suitable date for stakeholder consultation.

List of on going projects. A. Ongoing Projects :

Sl. No. Name of Projects

Agency / Institution involved

Current Status of the Projects

Expected Date of Completion

Remarks / Brief Description of the Project

1 Removal of silt from RD 0.0 to RD 8.0 Km. of Taladanda Canal

Mahanadi South Division, W.R. Deptt., Orissa

Ongoing 15th April,08

Improvement and widening to road from Ranihat to Chhatra Bazar on Taladanda right.

2 Improvement to CE No.83(B) on Kathajodi left embankment from Press Chhak to Ghatakula Chhak


Ongoing 31st Mar,08

Widening of existing road to 5m carriage way and country side packing.

3 Widening of Taladanda right Canal Road from Jobra to Mattgajpur (RD 2.780 Km. to 8.870 Km.)


Ongoing 30th June,08

Widening of existing road to 7.5m & 5.0m at selected patches.

4 Gated sluice on Khannagar Link Drain

Dr. Das, O.C.C. Ltd., Cuttack / W.R.Deptt.

Detail drawing is under preparation

15th June,08

The structure will be constructed near Matru Bhawan. Gates will be provided instead of submersible weir to have full control over flow of drain.

5 Painting works of Gates of Mahanadi Barrage and Birupa Barrage

Mahanadi Barrage Division, Cuttack

Tender to be invited

6 Repair to I.B. at Naraj


Work Completed

7 Repair to Guest House at Brajabiharipur


Work Completed



8 Preservation of pond over Plot No. 14 in Unit No.2 Baimundi Nagar, Khata – 116 of Cuttack Town

Cuttack Municipal Corporation

Under progress

2008-09 An amount of Rs 18.17 Lakh has sanctioned under UIDSSMT Scheme of Cuttack City

9 Preservation of pond over Plot No.174 in Unit No. Uttar Deulisahi of Cuttack Town


Under progress


10 Preservation of pond over Plot No. 46 in Khata No. 674, Unit No. Suta Hat, of Cuttack Town.


To be started soon


11 Preservation of water bodies with Renovation of tank near Christ College over Plot No.325 Unit 9, Barabati Killa of Cuttack Town


To be started soon

2008-09 An amount of Rs 113.67Lakh has sanctioned under UIDSSMT Scheme of Cuttack City

12 Preservation of pond over Plot No.252 in Unit No. Gandarpur.


Tendering work under progress


13 Preservation of pond over Plot No.66 & 62 in Unit No. Chauliaganj.




14 Preservation of pond over Plot No.551 in Unit No. Gandarpur




15 Preservation of pond over Plot No.239 in Unit No. Gandarpur.




16 Reconstruction of Western Block of Cuttack Municipal Corporation at Choudhury Bazar


Work under progress

2008-09 An amount of Rs 300.00Lakh has sanctioned out of CMC own fund & TFC grant



17 Construction of Baliyatra Portal at Mahanadi Patha



2008-09 An amount of Rs 40.50Lakh has sanctioned out of CMC own fund

18 Construction of Subas Bose Memorial Portal at Dargha Bazar



2008-09 An amount of Rs 18.50Lakh has sanctioned out of CMC own fund

19 Construction of Foot Over Bridge at Badambadi



2008-09 Work will be executed in PPP made on B.O.O.T basis

20 Construction of Netaji Centanary park near Gadakhai



2008-09 An amount of Rs 65.50Lakh has sanctioned out of IDSMT grant & CMC fund

21 Construction of culvert over MSWC I near Christ College & Andarpur


Work under progress

2008-09 An amount of Rs 31Lakh has sanctioned out of SRC & TFC grant

22 Construction & upgradation of road from O.M.P. Sqr. Biju Pattnaik Chhak via Howrah Motor.

Road & Building Division, Cuttack

Tendering work under process


23 Construction & upgradation of road from Howrah Motor – Shelter Chhak via – Buxibazar, Chandinichouk.




24 Construction & upgradation of road from Ranihat to High Court.




25 Construction & upgradation of road from Gopabandhu Chhak – Chandinichouk via Sekh Bazar.




26 Construction & upgradation of road from Buxibazar – Bidanasi Bandh via – Chandi Chhak, Shelter






27 Construction & upgradation of road from Fly Over – Jail Road.




28 Construction & upgradation of road from Gopabandhu Chhak – Samaj Office.




29 Construction & upgradation of road from Badambadi – Madhupatna.




30 Construction & upgradation of road from College Sqr. – Sikharpur




31 Construction & upgradation of road from N.H.5 – Kosthashram




32 Construction & upgradation of road from Mangalabag – B.O.S.E.




33 Construction & upgradation of road from Tulasipur Police Colony




34 Construction & upgradation of road from Kanika Chhak – Gopabandhu Chhak via – Indoor Stadium.




35 Construction & upgradation of road from Malgodown – New Malgodown.




36 Construction of Chief Justice quarter at Cantenment Road, CTC



2008-09 An amount of Rs 200Lakh has sanctioned by Govt.



B. Pipeline Projects :

Sl. No. Name of Projects

Agency / Institution involved

Current Status of the Projects

Expected Date of Start of the Projects

Remarks / Brief Description of the Project

1 Detail Project Report for protection to city protective embankment from Brajabiharipur to Bellview on Kathajodi left embankment and from Brajabiharipur to Chahata on Mahanadi right embankment.


The D.P.R. has been prepared and submitted to Govt. for approval.

2008-09

2 132 KV S/S at Baidanasi with 5 bays, 1 bus coupler, 2 nos. of transformerand 2 nos. of feeder bays.

M/s Orissa Power Transmission Co-opearation Ltd., Bhubaneswar

Priliminary Survey done.

2008-09 132 KV S/S at Baidanasi with 5 bays ( 1 bus coupler, 2 nos. of transformerand 2 nos. of feeder bays). Approx. Cost - Rs.20.00 Crores INR

3 Interlinking of 132 KV line from Bidanasi 132 KV S/S to Poparada 132 KV S/S.

M/s Orissa Power Transmission Co-opearation Ltd., Bhubaneswar

Priliminary Survey done.

2008-09 132 KV Double Circuit with panther conductor and sufficient no. of pillings. Approx. Cost - Rs.7.00 Crores INR

4 New 33KV Sub-station at Old Jail

CESU Allotment of fund awaited. Budget provision submitted.

2008-09 2 x 5 MVA, 33/11 KV primary sub-station 33KV line = 0.2 Km with incoming 5 Bays. Approx. Cost - 5.00 Crores INR

5 New 33KV Sub-station at Mata Matha

CESU Land acquisition is under progress.




6 33KV Sub-station at C.D.A. Sector-9



7 33KV Sub-station at C.D.A. Sector-11



8 New 33KV Sub-station at Mahanadi Vihar


2008-09 2 x 5 MVA, 33/11 KV primary sub-station 33KV line = 0.2 Km with 5 Bays. Approx. Cost-5.00 Crores INR

9 33 KV Double Circuit on M.B.L.S Tower from Deer Park to Mata Matha


2008-09 33 KV Double Circuit on M.B.L.S Tower with panther conductor from Deer Park to Mata Matha - 5Km. Approx. Cost - 1.00 Crore

10 33 KV Inter Linking Line from Sector-6 to Sector-3 of C.D.A.area.


2008-09 33 KV linking (Double Circuit) with panther conductor from Sector-6 to Sector-3 of C.D.A.area. - 3Km. Approx. Cost - 0.5 Crores INR

11 33 KV Inter Linking Line from 33/11KV sub-station Chauliagunja to 33/11KV sub-station C.R.R.I


2008-09 33 KV Link = 5 Km. (Double Circuit) with panther conductor. Approx. Cost - 0.5 Crores INR



0.C. What are expected projects from all the sectors ? Sl. No. Sector Name of Projects Remarks / Brief Description of the

Project Agency / Institution involved

1 BUILDING Construction of State Maritime Museum at Jobra Workshop, Cuttack.

Mechanical workshop at Jobra to be changed into a Maritime Museum. The project is in agreement stage and it is expected to be started by 15.05.2008.

INTACH / Mahanadi South Division, W.R. Deptt., Cuttack

2 DRAIN Improvement to Taladanda Main Canal from RD 0.0Km. To 11.75Km.

Taladanda Canal to be desilted and lined from Jobra to Biribati with both bank improvement. Estimate is under process and expected to be started by Dec,2008.

Not Finalised / Mahanadi South Division, W.R. Deptt., Cuttack

3 ROAD Widening to Taladanda Main Canal Road from Mattgajpur to Biribati

Road improvement from Mattgajpur to Biribati. Tender work is in process and expected to be started by April,2008.

Not Finalised / Mahanadi South Division, W.R. Deptt., Cuttack

4 BUILDING Construction of market complex at Choudhury Bazar in ward 18

To be constructed out of CMC fund / PPPmode


5 BUILDING Construction of 1st Floor market complex at old Jaganath Road , Nayabazar in ward 36



6 BUILDING Construction of 1st Floor market complex at Nuapada in ward 43



7 BUILDING Construction of Kalyan Mandap at old Municipal garage site at Choudhury Bazar in ward 16



8 BRIDGE Construction of Fly over Bridge from Pravat Cinema Hall to N.H 5 via Brajarakbati & Chatrabazar

To be constructed out of Govt grant/HUDCO Financial assistance




Brajarakbati & Chatrabazar

9 DRAIN Construction & Improvement of drain /Storm water drains in Cuttack City under UIDSSMT Programme

To be constructed out of UIDSSMT Scheme


10 WATER BODIES

Renovation and conservation of Gadakhai in Conjunction with development of surrounding areas under UIDSSMT programme



11 BUILDING Construction of 590 dwelling house and other infrastructure facilities to be provided to the urban poor in the slums under IHSDP.

To be constructed out of IHSDP Scheme. D.P.R submitted to Govt. More houses may come under this IHSDP.


12 BUILDING Construction of Solid waste treatment plant with development of trenching ground at Bhuasuni



13 BUILDING Construction of 7( Seven) nos E-SEBA Kendra inside Cuttack City

To be constructed out of TFC/Govt.grant


14 ROAD Provision of electric traffic signal system at various traffic junctions of Cuttack city

To be constructed out of PPPmode Cuttack Municipal Corporation

15 BUILDING Construction of Convention Hall back side of Central Library , Khannagar, Cuttack



16 BUILDING Construction of Guest House near Jobra, Cuttack



17 BUILDING Construction of Jatri Niwas inside Cuttack City



18 BUILDING Construction of Night Shelter for Street Children near Badambadi





19 BUILDING Construction of Multistoried Parking Centre near High Court inside Cuttack City



20 PARK & PLANTATION

Construction of Parks inside Cuttack City



21 BUILDING Construction of Sulabha Souchalaya at different places inside Cuttack City

To be constructed out of CMC fund / Govt.grant


22 BUILDING Construction of market complex cum storage godown over Taladanda Canal, Chatrabazar, CTC



23 BUILDING Improvement of Cremation Grounds inside Cuttack City

To be constructed out of CMC fund


24 BUILDING Construction of working women Hostel near Khannagar

To be constructed out of CMC fund / Govt. grant


25 PARK & PLANTATION

Avenue plantation to Cuttack City To be constructed out of CMC fund / PPPmode


26 BUILDING Construction of Old age shelter home at C.D.A & Nayabazar

To be constructed out of CMC fund / Govt.grant


Project Scope a. Construction & rehabilitation of Sewerage System including Sewage treatment plat (STP), Pumping Station b. Construction & rehabilitation of Storm water drainage facilities in Cuttack City

27 DRAIN Integrated Sewerage Project of Cuttack City. (Including Drainage)

c. Construction & rehabilitation of Low Cost Sanitation Units (LCS) in public places & slum areas.

Orissa Water Supply & Sewerage Board



d. Public awareness enhancement on environment & public sanitation

e. Recommendation regarding institutional Strengthening & capacity building programme. f. Construction of water quality monitoring facilities g. Consulting services Total Project Cost :- Rs 756.40 crores

Project will be implemented under JBIC funding.

28 BRIDGE Construction of Fly over Bridge at Nuabazar Junction, Cuttack

Project will be implemented under Govt of Orissa funding.Total Project Cost :- Rs 25.0 Crores

R & B Division, Cuttack

city development planfor cuttak

Documents