Asst.Prof.Dr.Surasak MungsingInformation Science Instutute of Sripatum University

CIS511 Information System Architecture

Lecture09: Enterprise Information Architecture

Enterprise Information Architecture

Content and Content Structure◦ Data and Unstructured Information◦ Standards and Procedures

People – Company Structure◦ Communities, Users, Central Team

Activities – Business processes and procedures◦ Central team - establish standards, facilitate

Technology ◦ CMS, Search, portals, taxonomy tools◦ Applications – BI, CI, Text Mining

Enterprise Information Architecture Four Essential Contexts

Content◦ Huge variety of types, sources, and uses◦ Structured data, unstructured documents, web

pages, email Semantic Infrastructure – Foundation

◦ Essential content structures – taxonomies, metadata, vocabularies, synonyms, ontologies, best bets

◦ Standards, publishing policies and procedures Metadata standards, common taxonomies Integration of metadata into publishing process

Content & Content Structures

Data Documents External People

Databases DrivesEmail

InternetSubscriptions

TacitKnowledge

Data base schemas, Metadata,Taxonomies, Vocabularies, Personas

Content Layer

Content Structure

SEARCH / PORTAL / EAI / Content Management Technology

Text Mining, Alerts, Personalization Services

Content Creation, Customer ServicesAgency Activities Activity

PeoplePoliciesTools

Procurement

Inventory

FinanceMaintenance

EngineeringDesign

Controlling

ProductionPlanning

Sales

Shop Floor execution

Quality

Functions of Enterprise

Enterprise

Business processes & Information Systems

Def: Manner in which work is organized, coordinated, and focused to produce a valuable product or service.

-- Cross-Functional Business Processes transcend boundary between sales, marketing, manufacturing, and research and development (e.g., order fulfillment process…)

Ways in which management chooses to coordinate work

Systems from a Functional Perspective

Examples of Business ProcessesFunctional Area Business ProcessManufacturing and production

Assembling the productChecking for qualityProducing bills of materials

Sales and marketing Identifying customers Making customers aware of the productSelling the product

Finance and accounting Paying creditorsCreating financial statementsManaging cash accounts

Human resources Hiring employeesEvaluating employees’ job performanceEnrolling employees in benefits plans

• Focus on ‘Functions’ rather than ‘Processes’• Applications developed over time. • Inconsistent, redundant Data• Time lag in information delivery

Managerial Control Difficult Process Productivity Monitoring Difficult

• Reaction to change slow

Typical problem faced by an Enterprise

Enterprise Information System

Enterprise wide information system integrates various functionalities within an enterprise

Integrated Enterprise

Major Types of Information Systems

major functions & application of important function wise systems

Sales and Marketing SystemsManufacturing and Production Systems

Financing and Accounting SystemsHuman Resource Systems

Systems from a Functional Perspective

Major functions of systems: Sales management, market research,

promotion, pricing, new products, market gap analysis

Major application systems: Sales order info system, market research

system, pricing system

Sales and Marketing Systems

Sales and Marketing SystemsSystem Description Organizational

LevelOrder Processing Enter, Process, Track orders OperationalMarketing Analysis

Identify customer & markets

Knowledge

Pricing Analysis Determine price ManagementSales Trends Prepare 5-year forecast Strategic

Major functions of systems: Scheduling, purchasing, shipping,

receiving, engineering, operations

Major application systems: Materials resource planning systems,

purchase order control systems, engineering systems, quality control systems

Manufacturing and Production Systems

Manufacturing and Production SystemSystem Description Organization

levelMachine control Control actions of

equipmentOperation

Computer-Aided-Design Design new products

Knowledge

Production planning Decide number, schedule of products

Management

Facilities location Decide where to locate facilities

Strategic

Definition of an ERP systemERP or Enterprise Resource Planning systems are software systems for businesses management encompassing modules supporting functional areas such as sales and marketing, finance, production, distribution accounting, human resource management, maintenance, inventory management, project management, transportation and e-business etc

Enterprise Resource Planning ERP

ERP is a commodity -- product in the form of software

SAP, Oracle Applications, PeopleSoft, JD Edwards, Greatplains etc. are world’s leading ERP packages

The market leader is “SAP”

Definition of an ERP system

Architecture of ERP system facilitates transparent integration of modules providing flow of information between all function within enterprise in real time.

Many different software are replaced by one integrated system.

Reliable information access through common DBMS

Eliminates data and operational redundancies (no duplication of work or data entries etc.)

Features of an ERP system

Cost reduction through time saving, improved control by organizational wise analysis of organizational decisions.

Delivery and cycle time reduction Scalable systems Global outreach through extended modules such as CRM

or SCM E-Business Providing business solutions in support of core processes Process-oriented view cutting across functions of an

enterprise Huge potential for customizing

Features of an ERP system

Automation of business transactions Flexibility in changing the system catering

to newer business processes. Coordination across business functions Coordination across geographical distances

resulting in better Managerial control Consistent information and interface thus

easier to understand and work in Single system

Business and Technical Benefits

Need for common platform Process improvement. Data visibility that could be used to improve

operating decisions. Operation cost reductions. Increased customer responsiveness. Improved strategic decision making Personal Improvement

Prime Reasons for Implementing ERP

Q&A

ให้ศึกษาและทำารายงาน Enterprise Information System ดังน้ี

กลุ่มท่ี 1 ทำารายงานเรื่อง Enterprise Information System ขององค์กรหน่วยงานภาครฐั/รฐัวสิาหกิจ 1 แห่งกลุ่มท่ี 2 ทำารายงานเรื่อง Enterprise Information System ขององค์กรสถาบนัการศึกษาระดับอุดมศึกษา 1 แห่ง

กำาหนดสง่ไมเ่กินวนัสอบปลายภาค

Assignment