Cigarette Smoking

Thats okay, try againOne more tryIncorrect answerNicotine Addiction and WithdrawalSmoking is more than just a habit for many smokers. Its a nicotine addiction.

When you smoke, nicotine reaches the brain in about 1 to 20 seconds. This causes a chemical called dopamine to be released in the brain.

Dopamine provides a feeling of pleasure.Withdrawal signs are:The urge to smokeDepressed moodInsomniaIrritabilityFrustration or angerAnxietyDifficulty concentratingRestlessnessDecreased heart rate

MenuQuestion 7What benefits can a person experience if they quit smoking?

Improvement in lung functionReduced risk of dying prematurelyImproved circulationAll the aboveSmoking StatisticsAdults with 16 or more years of education lowest smoking prevalence 11.3%Adults with 9 to 11 years of educationhigher smoking prevalence 36.8%Adults living below the poverty levelsmoking prevalence was higher 32.3% than those living at or above the poverty level 23.5%

MenuNextHelp to QuitOnline at http://www.smokefree.govCall the National Cancer Institute (NCI) smoking quit line at 187744U-QUIT or 1-877-448-7848Free cutting edge services to people trying to quit www.quintet.comCenters for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) www.cdc.gov/tobaccoFree quit support line 1-800-784-8669 (1-800-QUIT-NOW)To Note: Some religious groups that promote non-smoking as part of their religion, such as Mormons and Seventh Day Adventist, have much lower rates of lung cancer and other smoking-related cancers.NextMenuSmoking and Cardiovascular diseaseAs many as 30% of all Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) deaths in the U.S each year are attributable to cigarette smoking.Smoking also nearly doubles the risk of ischemic stroke.Numerous prospective investigations have demonstrated a substantial decrease in CHD mortality for former smokers compared with continuing smokers.Persons diagnosed with CHD experience as much as 50% reduction in risk of re-infarction, sudden cardiac death, and total mortality if they quit smoking after the initial infarction.Smoking cessation advice is associated with a 50% long-term (more than 1 year) smoking cessation rate in patients who have been hospitalized with a coronary event.

Stroke OccurringMenuSmoking and CancerSmoking causes the following cancers:Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)Bladder cancerCancer of the cervixColorectal cancerCancer of the esophagusKidney cancerCancer of the larynx (voice box)Lung cancer, nose and sinusesCancer of the oral cavity (mouth)Ovarian cancerPancreatic cancerCancer of the pharynx (throat)Stomach cancer

Bladder CancerOral cancerTonsil cancerMenu

Other Adverse Health EffectsPost menopausal women who smoke have lower bone density than women who never smokedWomen who smoke have an increased risk for hip fracture than women who never smokedAneurysm, bronchitis, high risk of birth defects, still birth, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), cataracts, bone thinning, and peptic ulcer diseaseMenuSmoking and DeathCigarette smoking account for more than 440,000 deaths or nearly one of every five deaths each year in the U.SMore deaths are caused each year by tobacco use than by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle injuries, suicides, murders combined.If nobody smoked, one of every three cancer deaths in the U.S would not happen.Smoking causes an estimated 90% of all lung cancer deaths in men and 80% of all lung cancer deaths in women.An estimated 90% of all deaths from chronic obstructive lung disease are caused by smoking.

Cigarette smoking is the single most alterable risk factor contributing to premature morbidity and mortality in the U.SAfrican Americans are more likely than Caucasians to die from smoking related diseases like lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke.Tobacco kills more than half a million women per year worldwide. This number is expected to double by 2020.Smoking has a damaging effect on womens reproductive health and is associated with reduced fertility and early menopause. Women who smoke during pregnancy subject themselves and their developing fetus and newborn to special risks, including premature birth, still birth, and infant mortality.MenuSmoking Cessation PharmacotherapyNicotine replacement therapy has been shown to be effective and should be available in all smoking cessation programs.Both nicotine-containing gum and the transdermal nicotine patch are now available over the counter and are widely advertised.A nicotine nasal spray is available by prescription.

MenuRisks to Non-SmokersInhaling secondhand smoke causes lung cancer in nonsmoking adults.Approximately 3000 lung cancer deaths occur each year among adult nonsmokers in the U.S as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.Surgeon General estimates that living with a smoker increases nonsmokers chances of developing lung cancer by 20 to 30%.

MenuBenefits of Quitting SmokingHeart rate and blood pressure return to normal from an abnormally high levelCarbon monoxide within the blood start to decline within a few hoursWithin a few weeks circulation improves, lungs start to clearWithin several months a person can expect substantial improvements in lung functionSense of smell and taste of food will improveRisk of cancer and other diseases are reducedQuitting at age 30 reduces ones chance of dying prematurely by more than 90%Quitting at age 50 reduces ones risk of dying prematurely by 50%

MenuWhat you can do and one last thingThe best thing you can do is NEVER smoke a cigarette or use any other form of tobacco. It is also important to avoid all forms of tobacco smoke.Smokers are at an increased risk for Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD), cancer, and chronic lung disease.

Peripheral vascular DiseaseMenuSelf TestRead each of the seven questions carefullyClick on the best answerIf you do not get the answer correct, go back and try again

1st stepFinal step if needed 2nd stepPlease beginMenuAcknowledgementsAmerican Cancer Society. Cigarette smoking. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health effects of cigarette smoking. Retrieved from www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/Second Hand Smoke and Cancer. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/tobacco/etsNicotine Addiction and Withdrawal. Retrieved from http://www.Chantix.com/nicotine-addiction.aspxOckene, I. S., Miller, N. H. (1997). Journal of American heart Association, 19, 3243-3247. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.96.9.3243The Tobacco Connection. Demographics of tobacco use. Retrieved from http://oralcancerfoundation.org/tobacco/demographics_tobacco.htmBarnsleyhealth.comBladdercancercarcinoma.comBloomberg.comCartoonstock.comwww.cdc.govChd.uk.co.ukExperiencelife.comNorthernsydneyvascular.com.auNyc.govOffice.comOrlandohyperbarics.blogspot.comProvena.orgPublic.health.Oregon.govStudyblue.com

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Click here for acknowledgementsAcknowledgements contdsignatureMD.comWorldhealth.netwww.topnews.inTonsilca.orgTrialx.comRiskmanagement365.wordpress.comwww.123rf.comqcc.cuny.eduReuters.comTcsmoking.wikispaces.comThephilanews.comVaporforms.Virginia.comClick here to exit