Chinese Ideas: Government and Society

Chapter 15 Section 2

The

Man

date

of

Heav

en

Heaven granted a ruler the mandate (or right) to rule

People had to be obedient and loyal but, as a result, they should expect a good government

What should the people do if the ruler did not keep peace and order? (see page 329)

What showed that the ruler had lost the Mandate of Heaven? (see page 329)

The Mandate of Heaven used this idea to get rid of the aging dynasty

Dynastic cycle (see page 329)

3 Sc

hool

s of t

houg

ht

deve

lope

d in

Chi

naConfucius -Developed ideas about how to restore

peace and keep harmony WHY? (see page 330)

-Good of family is more important than the individual

-Stressed filial piety, the duty and respect that children owe their parents

-His teachings are called the Analects-5 relationships (see page 330)-One person has control over another-had

to set an example-The superior person was responsible for

the inferior person-Believed in filial piety (see page 331)-Summary-Write one sentence summary of

Confucian teachings.

Confucius Temple was first built in 478 B.C., constructed from Confucius former residence. It was built according to imperial palace. Confucius Temple is one of the three great ancient architectures.

Confucius Temple is in memorial of Confucius.

The number of steles inside Confucius Temple is only behind that of Forest of Stone Steles Museum, regarded as 'the second stele forest in China'.

Sacrifice held in Confucius Temple.

Confucius Temple's scale is right after the scale of Forbidden City. It is considered as the example of large scale ancient temple.

Conf

uciu

s Vid

eo

Confucianism Write one new thing you learned from

watching this video clip.

Daoi

sm

Daoism Founded by Lao Zi (low dzuh) Emphasized the link between people and nature Book of Dao beliefs (see page 331 Dao means “the way” those that have it don’t

speak of it; those that speak of it don’t have it Only do what is proper in nature -have very few

laws Valued simplicity Made advances in science and technology Used magic to (see page 332):

Worship Ceremony for Lao-TseWorship ceremony for Lao-Tse (604 ~ 531 BC) - founder of Taoism. The ceremony is to ward off disasters and to obtain happiness.

Tai Chi ShowShow of Tai Chi in Taoism. Wu Dang martial art has been descended for many years. It's an important genre of Chinese martial art.

The Founder of TaoismBronze statue of Lao-Tse (604 ~ 531 BC) - founder of Taoism, who was one of the most three respected Taoists.

Memorial Temple for Lao-TseMemorial temple of Lao-Tse (604 ~ 531 BC) - founder of Taoism

YES-

NO-W

HY

Agree or disagree with this statement and then explain why.

Daoism beliefs are similar to Confucius’s teachings.

Video Daoism Write one thing that you learned from

watching this video clip.

Lega

lism

Legalism Rejected Confucian ideas People respond to the rewards and

punishments, not to good examples Thought harsh rules would keep order Summary Describe how Legalism is different from

Confucius’s teachings.

Tomb of Qin Shihuang was the First Emperor's tomb in Chinese history.

The complex structure of Tomb of Qin Shihuang was designed according to the old capital Xianyang.

The huge tomb top is surrounded by giant mountains with great scenery.

The scale of the size and the accompanied items in the tomb make Tomb of Qin Shihuang the biggest emperor tomb.

Budd

hism

Buddhism Spread from India Appeal (see page 333) At first Buddhism was hard for the Chinese to

understand but the religion blended with Chinese culture by adapting some Confucian values and some Daoist values

Chinese would practice Daoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism at the same time

Not as true of a religion as Buddhism from India

The Archway in front of Shaolin Temple.The archway in front of Shaolin Temple is not for showing virtue, but is used as a mountain gate.

The Ceremony of praying.A monk on the ceremony of praying to the God of Heaven

Shaolin Temple.Forest of Pagoda in Shaolin Temple in Dengfeng City. The pagodas are the graves of great monks. After their death, their bone ashes will be put into an underground palace upon which, a pagoda will be built in honor of their moral and virtue.

The Great Buddha at Lingshan.Great Buddha at Lingshan in Wuxi City. The whole Buddha is made from bronze, with a height of 88 meters, which is a symbol of Wuxi.

Assig

nmen

t

Complete the attached chart in your handouts. Describe the main features of each of the following schools of thought: Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism.

How would your life be different if you believed Confucius’s teachings?

How would your life be different if you believed in Taoist teachings?

How would your life be different if you believed Legalist teachings?