child abuse and trafficking by eknaran paudel
TRANSCRIPT
Child Abuse And Trafficking
Eknaran Paudel
Roll No.10
Sixth SemesterChild Health
What is Child Abuse?
Growing up can be difficult but most children and young people receive the love and care they need.
But Some children are:
Hurt
Neglected
Used by adults or other children.
Abuse can mean different things to different children, and can happen once or many times.
Child Abuse:
• Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker, which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, or exploitation, or an act or failure to act which presents an coming up risk of serious harm.
Physical Abuse
• Physical contact that causes feelings of fear, pain, injury, other physical suffering, or bodily harm.
• Recognizations:
Unexplained burns, cuts, Bite marks Anti-social behaviorProblems in schoolFear of adults
Abuse that expresses to children that they are worthless, imperfect,
unloved, unwanted, or only of value when
meeting another’s needs.
They may be constantly:
Criticised
Blamed
Sworn and shouted at
Told that other people are better than they are Rejected by those they look to for affection
• Recognizations:
Apathy
Depression
Hostility or Stress
Lack of concentration
Sexual Abuse
when children are:
Forced or persuaded into sexual acts or situations by others.
Children might be encouraged to look at pornography.
Be harassed by sexual suggestions or comments
Be touched sexually or forced to have sex.
• Recognizations:
Involvement of a child in sexual activity
Knowledge of sexual behavior inappropriate for the child's age
Contact for sexual purposes such as fondling
Involvement or exposure to prostitution and/or pornography
Neglect
when parents or others looking after children do not provide them with:
Proper food
Warmth
Shelter
Clothing
Care
Protection.
medical care
Education
guidance and
supervision
• Recognizations
Unsuitable clothing for weather Extreme hungerApparent lack of supervision
Dirty or unbath
Lack of medical treatment or medication for a serious illness
Rate of child Abuse
• Australia
• It is estimated that close to 50,000 cases of child abuse are reported in Australia each year.
• United States1 out of 5 teenagers say they have faced some kind of abuse either in school or at home. USA deals with almost 20,000 such cases annually.
• Afghanstan
• Annually, more than 18,000 of new child abuse cases emerge in Afghanistan.
• United Kingdom
• In England alone more than 16,000 cases of child abuse, neglect and assault were recorded 2012.
• Russsia
• It might come as a surprise to many but Russia has to deal with around 10,000 to 11,000 child abuse cases each year
• Zimbawabwe
• In Harare only more than 30,000 cases of child abuse and rape have been officially recorded during the past 4 years
• Botswana
• It is estimated that around 10,000 cases of child abuse in Botswana are reported annually.
• India
• From 2001 to 2011, India saw a considerable rise in child abuse cases. The numbers rose from 2,000 to around 7,500 in 2011.
• Bangladesh
• Every year around 3,200 cases of child abuse are reported and there are a huge number of cases that are kept as a secret by child’s family too.
• South Africa
• According to an estimate more than 3,000 cases of child rape and assault are reported annually.
• Pakistan
• More than 2,500 cases of child abuse including sexual assault are reported each year.
• Top 5 countries for child sexual abuse;
• South Africa
• India
• Zimbabwe
• United kingdom
• United states
Child Trafficking A form of human trafficking
The recruitment, transportation, transfer and harboring of children for the purpose of exploitation.
Child Trafficking is considered to be the modern day slavery
There are twenty-seven million humans in slavery today
• In forms of:
• Sex trafficking,
• Domestic servitude,
• Factory and farm slavery,
• Child soldier slavery.
Millions of victims
• 1.2 million children and babies are trafficked annually worldwide.
• Profit of $9.5billion every year
• 2million children are exploited in transitional sex trade.
Do You Know???????
How Many Children are Sold into trafficking per minute?
•2 children are sold into trafficking every minute
Nepalese context
• Analyzing the reported cases against child sexual abuse in Nepal Police in 2012/13, 49.64 percent of the total (701) cases filed were associated with child sexual abuse.
• According to CWIN ,above 3600 cases were reported in every six months and that includes child labour exploitation, child death, lost children, child abuse, child sexual abuse, child trafficking, and children in conflict and child delinquency.
The Nepal Police Women’s Cell conducted 185 sex and labor trafficking case investigations in 2015(trafficking report by US department)
• In 2013, 60 cases of child sexual abuse received and facilitated by CWISH for registration
Hundreds Of Children In Nepal Are At Risk For Trafficking After Earthquake.
• An estimated 12,000 Nepalese children are trafficked into India every year
• Girls are at risk of getting sold into prostitution or domestic slavery and boys taken into forced labor.
• at least 245 children have been rescued from getting trafficked or illegally placed in children’s care homes
(Source;UNICEF ,Jun 22, 2015)
Trafficking sector
46%
27%
12%
10%5%
prostitution
domestic servitude
miscellenous
agriculture
factories
Risk Group
20%
80%
gender
male
female50%50%
Age
Adult
Above 18
Causes
• Political instability
• Militarism
• Civil unrest
• Natural disasters in homeland
• Promises of economic opportunities or a better life.
Buyers
• People who have money:
• Doctors
• Lawyers
• Accountants
• Gamblers
• Politicians
• High ranking people in our government
Impacts of trafficking on victims
• Loss of support
from family and community
• Loss of proper
education
• Obstacles in physical development
• Psychological Traumas
Efforts to prevent child trafficking have been concentrated in two main strategies:
• Prosecuting and punishing traffickers and their associates.
Maintaining laws and regulation through out the country.
Giving information to children and their parents about trafficking.
• Preventing child trafficking also involves..
• Forms of protection available to children.
• Includes protection against other types of abuse
Prevention
Legislation
• Nepal also has three domestic laws in place that address girl trafficking and forced child labor
• Labor Act of 1992
• The Human Trafficking Control Act of Nepal of 1986
• and the National Human Rights Commission Act of 1993
• The Human Trafficking Control Act of Nepal of 1986 explicitly criminalizes the selling and buying of human beings and established provisions for rehabilitation and integration for victims.
• It defines human trafficking as anything that includes i) selling or buying of a person for any purpose; ii) forcing someone into prostitution with or without taking profit; iii) illegal dismembering of human organs and iv) engaging in prostitution.
• Those found guilty would be sentenced to up 20 years in prison
Conclusion
“Knowing is not enough; we must apply.Willing is not enough; we must do.”
-Goethe
Bibliography:
• Beyrer, Chris. “Global Child Trafficking.”
• Buckley, Mary. “Young and Vulnerable.” The World Today
• CWIN Report
• CWISH Nepal Report
• Dhungana, S. K. (2006). Anti-trafficking challenges in Nepal. Forced Migration Review,(25), 21–22.
• Eleanor Goldberg;The Huffington Post;Hundreds Of Children In Nepal Are At Risk For Trafficking After Earthquake ;jun 2015
• “Human Trafficking.” Encyclopedia of Race and Racism. Ed. John Moore.
• http://www.insidermonkey.com
• Miller, John R. “Slave Trade.” Harvard International Review
• Tran, Jonathan. “Sold Into Slavery.” Christian Century
• http://www.ungift.org/knowledgehub/index.html
THE END !!!!!!!!!!
Ek