Name____________________ Hour _____ Test Date _________Group # ____

Chemistry #1 Notebook – Matter

Chemistry #1 Vocabulary:

1. MATTER - Something that has mass and takes up space.

2. PHYSICAL PROPERTY - Characteristics that can be observed without changing

or trying to change the composition (make up) of the substance.

3. ATOM - The building block of matter.

4. ELEMENT - A pure substance (made of only one kind of atom) that cannot be broken

down into a simpler substance.

5. PERIODIC TABLE – A chart where all the elements are organized.

6. MOLECULE – A pure substance formed when TWO or more atoms join/bond

together.

7. MIXTURE – When two or more substances come together but don’t combine to

form a new substance.

8. HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE – Mixtures that have larger parts that you can see.

9. HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE – Mixtures that are the same throughout and you

cannot see the different parts.

Chemistry #1 Learning Targets

I can define and identify matter.

I can define and give examples of physical properties.

I can describe how all matter is made of atoms.

I can explain that atoms can combine to make molecules.

I can describe how combining elements can make new substances.

I can explain the differences between atoms, molecules and mixtures.

I can describe what makes a mixture different from a molecule.

I can explain the difference between heterogeneous and homogenous

mixtures.

Matter is something that has __________ and takes up _____________. For example,

___________, _____________, ____________ and ______________ are all matter. Even

some of the things that you can’t see, like _______ and other gasses are matter.

_____________, ____________ and _____________ are _________ matter, these are

examples of energy. Magnetism and gravity are also _______ matter, these are

examples of _____________.

You’re the Scientist #2 (YTS #2) – Describing Matter

On each sheet of paper you will find a piece of matter. Using a word or phrase, describe this piece of matter in as many ways as you can. Put some of those words or phrases you saw or wrote here:

You’re The Scientist (YTS) #1 – Identifying Matter

List some things you classified as matter or not matter.

Matter Not Matter

What do you think are the characteristics that determine if something is matter or not?

Many of the words or phrases you used in the YTS are physical properties. Physical

properties are characteristics that can be __________________ without changing or

trying to change the composition (make up) of the substance. All matter has

______________________ properties.

Examples of physical properties are:

?All matter is made up of tiny particles called _______. Atoms are so small that it has

been said that there are more atoms in a glass of water than there are cups of water in

all the oceans!

Atoms are the building blocks of __________. (Just like LEGOs are building blocks!)

Atoms differ in _________.

Atoms differ in _________.

Atoms differ in _________________.

These differences in atoms are

what give each substance their

own unique _______________

properties.

Below are pictures of the first 20 atoms on the periodic table. We call these atoms the

_________________. You can see that they vary in __________ and _____________.

Check Your Understanding #1 –Matter and Physical Properties

What are the two characteristics for matter? _______________ & _________________

Circle the matter below.

Sun Sunlight Clouds Air Heat

Give two physical properties for water. _____________________ & ________________

What are the tiny particles that make up all matter called? _________________________

What is one difference between helium atoms and calcium atoms?

“ ”

–

Atoms are like _____________. Legos

are the basic building block for the

Lego house, atoms are the basic

building block for all matter.

Everything around you is made up of

tiny building blocks called

_____________.

In a box of Legos there

are many different sizes and colors. We are going

to use _________ and _____________ Legos for our

example.

YTS #3 – More than just elements?

In your planner you have a copy of the Periodic Table of Elements. An element is a pure substance that is made entirely of one type of _______ that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance. All of the elements are listed and organized in the Periodic Table. All elements have a chemical ______________ to represent them. The chemical symbol is made up of one or two ___________ that are formed by abbreviating the name of the element. For example, the chemical symbol for Hydrogen is ____ and the chemical symbol for Chlorine is ____. Today, scientists know of 118 different elements or 118 different types of _________. 92 of these occur naturally, with science and technology the others have been made by ___________.

List as many substances as you can that are NOT elements.

There are also many different types of _________. They also come in different sizes and

colors. A carbon atom is small and ____________. An oxygen atom is small and pale

_______. Color and size are two ______________ properties that make atoms unique.

Combining Legos can create larger and more interesting

___________________. For example, this Lego structure is made of 1

red Lego and 2 yellow Legos.

Similarly, atoms can attach together to form something called

a _______________. Just like Lego structures can be made of 2

Legos or thousands of Legos, molecules can be made up of 2 atoms

or thousands of atoms. Some molecules are ______________ like

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Oxygen gas (O2) and some molecules are

more _______________ such as sugar, carbohydrate and fat.

Just like different structures can be built out of the same Legos (for

example you can build a monkey, squirrel or bear from this box),

different molecules can be created from the same ________________.

For example, Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) can combine to form a

water (_____) molecule or a Hydrogen Peroxide (________) molecule.

The attachment between atoms is called a _________. Oxygen gas is

an example of a molecule created when two Oxygen

atoms __________ together.

Water is another example of a molecule. A water molecule is made up

of 2 _____________ atoms and 1 _____________ atom bonded together.

fat

When two (or more) atoms that bond are _________________ kinds of atoms A NEW

SUBSTANCE IS FORMED. This molecule has a special name called a _________________.

For example:

Carbon Dioxide (_____), Water (______), and Sodium Chloride (______) are all

__________________ molecules because they have two or more different kinds of

atoms bonded together.

Oxygen gas (___), Ozone (___), and Hydrogen gas (____) are just plain old

molecules because it’s two or more of the _________ kind of atoms bonded

together.

A chemical formula is a way of expressing what's in a molecule.

A chemical formula tells you two things:

1. What types of _____________ are in a molecule

2. How ____________ of each type of atom are in a molecule

In a chemical formula the chemical symbols of each type of atom in the molecule are

written, followed by the ___________ of that type of atom.

If we were to write a chemical formula for this Lego structure it would be: Y2R.

In the chemical formula, the Y means that the structure has __________ Legos. The 2

after the Y is called the ______________ and tells you that there are _____ yellow

Legos. The R means there is a ________ Lego in the structure. The

fact that there is no number after the R means that there is only

_______ red Lego.

In the case of water, which is made of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1

oxygen atom, the chemical formula would be _____________.

YTS #4 –Building Models of Molecules Using the blocks at your station decide which colored block will represent each atom.

Atom Model Color

Hydrogen

Carbon

Oxygen

Fill out the key. Make a model of each molecule with your blocks and draw it in the chart. Fill out the rest of the chart.

Key

Substance Model of

Substance

My colored

model

How

many

atoms?

Name each

element in

the

substance.

# of

atoms

of each

element.

Chemical

Formula

Atom or

Molecule

Oxygen

Gas

O2

Ozone

O3

Hydrogen

H

Water

H2O

Hydrogen

Peroxide

H2O2

Carbon

C

Carbon

Dioxide

CO2

Methane

CH4

A mixture is when two or more substances come together but don’t _____________ to

form a new substance. Unlike molecules, the proportions of the substances in a mixture

can be ________________ without changing the identity of the mixture. For example, if

you put some sand into a bucket of water, you have a mixture of ___________ and

___________. If you add more sand or more water, it’s __________ a mixture of sand

and water. Its identity has not _______________. But, if you added another O atom to

H2O it become H2O2 and is now hydrogen peroxide. This is ______ an example of a

mixture.

Other examples of mixtures are air, ___________, taco salad and __________ water.

Atoms, elements, molecules are “pure” substances, this means they are made up of

__________ type of atom or __________ type of molecule.

Mixtures are __________ pure since they are made up of __________ or more

substances.

YTS #5 - Separating a Mixture

Separating a mixture has many real-life applications. For example, if a toxic chemical is spilled into a reservoir the Environmental Protection Agency must have a means of extracting it so that the water is safe to drink again. In this activity you will be given a mixture of sand, salt, and iron filings. Your objective is to practice important separation techniques to separate the three components.

Materials:

Zip Lock Bag of Mixture (iron filings, sand and salt), magnet, small cup, beaker, water, funnel, filter paper

Using the materials at your lab station describe how you think you can separate this mixture. You may write a procedure or draw a diagram.

Procedure: (put in the correct order)

____ Slowly, pour the mixture through the funnel.

____ Lastly, take the beaker of salt water and place near a light or window. Allow water to evaporate leaving behind salt only.

____ Place the filter paper in the funnel and the funnel in the beaker.

____ Add enough water to your bag so that the entire mixture is watery throughout.

____ Take the filter paper out of the funnel and dump in bin. This should be pure sand.

____ Keeping the mixture in the bag, run the magnet through the mixture repeatedly to separate out the iron. Place the iron filings in the small cup, then dump in the bin.

Analysis Questions:

1. Why were the contents of the bag considered a mixture?

2. What processes can be used to separate mixtures?

Mixtures can be _____________. There are several ways in which this can happen.

1. ________ _____________ – Used to separate large _________ objects from each other. You can pull out the peanuts in a Chex Mix mixture.

2. _________________ – Used to separate large solids from _______________ solid objects. You can filter sand from salt by adding _____________ and filtering.

3. _______________- Used to separate magnetic ____________ from non-magnetic substances. You can separate _________ from sand using this method.

4. _________________/Boiling – Used to separate solids from _____________. Liquids evaporate and ____________ do not. You can separate salt from ________ this way.

When a mixture of water and salt (or water & sugar, or water & tea) is placed in the open air, the water molecules will ____________ but the salt (sugar or tea) will stay in the container. This is because water is a ___________, but the salt, sugar or tea is a _________. This is how salt crystals and rock candy are made!

Key Water molecule

Salt molecule

1.

2.

3. 4.

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

____ H2O molecules ____ H2O molecules ____ H2O molecules

____ NaCl molecules ____ NaCl molecules ____ NaCl molecules

Mixtures can be classified as _______________________ or ______________________.

Homogeneous means “the same throughout”. You __________ see the different parts

in this type of mixture. In fact, you

might not always know that

homogenous mixtures are mixtures

because you can’t identify the

_______________ substances by looking. For example, no

matter how closely you look, you can’t see the individual

parts that make up air or ____________.

A _______________________ mixture has larger parts

that are different from each other. You ________ see

the different parts of a heterogeneous mixture, such

as sand and water. Other examples of this kind of

mixture include tacos, vegetable soup, a

_____________ full or toys, or a _________ box full of

nuts and bolts.

You’re The Scientist #6 – Getting to Know a Chemist!

You will research a chemist and create a poster to show what you have learned. Use the website below or a reliable site of your choice.

http://famouschemists.org/

Requirements for Poster:

of Chemist (this should be the title), when they were (and

if/when they ), and their .

Why is this chemist ? (5 sentences minimum in YOUR OWN WORDS.)

of this scientist or their work.

2 (or more) additional

Note Taking Area (Use your spiral for the rough draft.) Name:

Born/Died:

Nationality:

Famous for:

Illustration ideas:

Fun Facts:

Time to look back at ALL of the Learning Targets on the first page and fill in any missing info in the notebook!

Are you ready for the test?

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