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Chemical tankers course • Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning • Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

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Page 1: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Chemical tankers course

• Construction• Inert gas plant• Tanks cleaning• Hydraulic system• Cargo pumps• Tanks lp/hp

protection

Page 2: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Chemical Tankers Types

1. ‘Type 1’ ship is a chemical tanker intended to transport Chapter 17 of the IBC Code products with very severe environmental and safety hazards which require maximum preventive measures to preclude an escape of such cargo.

2. ‘Type 2’ ship is a chemical tanker intended to transport Chapter 17 of the IBC Code products with appreciably severe environmental and safety hazards which require significant preventive measures to preclude an escape of such cargo.

3. ‘Type 3’ ship is a chemical tanker intended to transport Chapter 17 of the IBC Code products with sufficiently severe environmental and safety hazards which require a moderate degree of containment to increase survival capability in a damaged condition.[2]

Page 3: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 4: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 5: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 6: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 7: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 8: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Cargo heatingDeck mounted cargo heaters eliminate the need for in-tank heating coils. The cargo tank interior can be made with flush tank top free from coils, brackets and clamps. A flush tank top facilitates quicker stripping with less cargo remaining in the tank. The cargo tank washing can be performed quicker, with less consumption of washing water and less slop handling.

Page 9: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Cargo coolingThe Framo cargo cooling system enables chemical carriers to also transport low-boiling-point cargoes and semi-gases. Cargoes such as Propylene Oxide and Isoprene are often transported on board chemical carriers which use cooling system to maintain a safe cargo temperature

Page 10: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Cargo circulationTo prevent sediments settling on the tank-top during transport and to maintain the liquid quality, a Framo diffusor can be installed on the outlet of the dropline. During voyage cargo is circulated through the diffusor by running the cargo pump at intervals.

Page 11: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Submerged ballast pumpsInstallation of ballast pumps inside the double side ballast tanks in combination with a submerged cargo pump in each cargo tank make the pump room superfluous. This arrangement provides a safer ship design and make more space available for carrying cargo. Submerged ballast pumps have become the standard arrangement in modern tankers and FPSOs.

Page 12: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Stainless steel chemical tankersThe stainless steel chemical tanker fleet comprises the most sophisticated tankers sailing on the high seas. These ships are constructed with stainless steel cargo tanks, a fully segregated cargo pumping arrangement and designed to carry the most aggressive, corrosive or volatile liquids.

Page 13: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Chemical/product oil tankersMost of the world’s production of vegetable oils, commodity chemicals and refined petroleum products are transported on a large fleet of modern chemical/product tankers. Typically designed with coated cargo tanks, six to eight cargo segregations, no pump room, submerged ballast pumps, in-tank cargo pumps and deck mounted cargo heaters

Page 14: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

OBO carriersA one-pump-per-hold system that is easy to operate and clean has been specially designed for combination vessels that are alternating between wet and dry cargoes. The cargo pumps are installed in protective enclosed corrugations between the holds. Cargo piping and cargo heaters are located on deck.

Page 15: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO)FPSOs require the highest standards for safety and operation regularity. A reliable and redundant  cargo offloading system is essential.

Page 16: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Inert Gas PropertiesSASTAV

(Composition)Dušik (N2)

(By ship IGG)

Preko kotla

(by Boiler)

N2 99.99 % 85 – 86 %

CO2 1 ppm 14 – 15 %

CO 1 ppm 0.1 – 0.3 %

O2 1 – 8 ppm 0.1 – 0.5 %

SO2 0 20 ppm

H2O 5 ppm 0.015 gr/nm3

rosište - 70 oC 50 – 55 oC

Page 17: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

P-v brakers (safety valves)

High purity Nitrogentank

Deck view on ch. Tanker type I

Page 18: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Pranje tankova i zadržavanje ostatakaPranje tankova i zadržavanje ostataka

1.1. Predpranje Predpranje (morem na min 20 (morem na min 20 oo – – više puta ako više puta ako treba ili treba ili slatkom vodom za neke terete – ide na krajslatkom vodom za neke terete – ide na kraj))

2.2. Pranje Pranje (morem ili sl.vodom i kemikalijama – izbor (morem ili sl.vodom i kemikalijama – izbor prema teretu)prema teretu)

3.3. Ispiranje Ispiranje (more ili slatka voda – toplo ili hladno)(more ili slatka voda – toplo ili hladno)

4.4. Ispiranje slatkom vodom Ispiranje slatkom vodom

5.5. Propuhivanje parom Propuhivanje parom (toluen + inertni plin + (toluen + inertni plin + ispiranje slatkom vodom za neke terete, npr. alkohol. ispiranje slatkom vodom za neke terete, npr. alkohol. Test na CH, soli i permanganate)Test na CH, soli i permanganate)

6.6. Iscjeđivanje Iscjeđivanje (ejektori ili dr. samosisne ili centr. (ejektori ili dr. samosisne ili centr. p/p, ili suhi zrak, ili inertni plin pod tlakom)p/p, ili suhi zrak, ili inertni plin pod tlakom)

7.7. Posušivanje Posušivanje (tankova, cjevovoda, pumpi - (tankova, cjevovoda, pumpi - suhi suhi zrakzrak, ili , ili inertni plin pod tlakominertni plin pod tlakom))

Page 19: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Cargo Tank Washing and residues retentionCargo Tank Washing and residues retention

1.1. PrewashPrewash (with sea water - min. temp. of 20 (with sea water - min. temp. of 20 oo C – several times if C – several times if required or with fresh water for some cargoes –required or with fresh water for some cargoes – prewash residues must prewash residues must be disharged ashorebe disharged ashore))

2.2. Main wash Main wash (with sea water or s.w. with chemicals – choice of (with sea water or s.w. with chemicals – choice of chemical depends of cargo)chemical depends of cargo)

3.3. RinseingRinseing (with cold or warm s.w. or f.w.)(with cold or warm s.w. or f.w.)

4.4. Fresh Water Rinsing Fresh Water Rinsing (for cargo tank protection)(for cargo tank protection)

5.5. Steam Purging Steam Purging (toluen + inert gas + f.w. rinsing for some cargo like (toluen + inert gas + f.w. rinsing for some cargo like alcohol. Obligatory test for CH, salts and permanganates)alcohol. Obligatory test for CH, salts and permanganates)

6.6. StrippingStripping (centr. pumps, ejektors or others selfpriming pumps or dry air (centr. pumps, ejektors or others selfpriming pumps or dry air or inert gas under pressure)or inert gas under pressure)

7.7. DryingDrying (tanks, pipelines, pumps – with dry air or inert gas under (tanks, pipelines, pumps – with dry air or inert gas under pressure)pressure)

Page 20: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 21: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 22: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Stripping – povijest (history)

Page 23: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

The view of cargo tank washing machine driving mechanisam – driven by cold or warm fresh or sea water with addition of chemichals (depends of cargo residues)

The fast connection for f.w. or s.w. connection

Driving mechanisam

Page 24: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Tank washingconnection

Page 25: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

3 osnovne grupe tereta

Životinjska i biljna ulja i masti (pranje NaOH ili KOH – tankovi od SS ili EP – obavezno ispiranje toplom vodom)

Mineralna ulja (mješavina vode, deterđenta, emulgatora i sintetičkih sapuna, nekad kao dodatak i bazni benzin – obavezno ispiranje vodom zbog CH)

Petrokemijski proizvodi i druge otopine (kod tereta s niskim rosištem – isparavanjem / kod tereta s rosištem preko 100oC pom. petrokemijskih solvenata, tople vode i pare)

Page 26: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

3 Main Cargo Groups

Animal and vegetable oils and fats (washing with NaOH or KOH – SS tanks or EP (epoxy coated) - mandatory rinse with warm water)

Mineral oils (washing with a mixture of water, detergents, emulsifiers and synthetic soap, sometimes a supplement of base gasoline should be used – FW rinsing is obligatory because of HC

Petrochemical products and other solutions (for a cargoes with a low dew point - evaporation - cargoes with a dew point over 100 °C should be washed with petrochemical solvents, hot water and steam)

Page 27: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Grijanje(Heating)

Recirkulacija(Recirculation)

Hlađenje(Cooling)

Page 28: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

VAŽNO !VAŽNO !► Tank je opasan i nekoliko sati (dana) nakon pranjaTank je opasan i nekoliko sati (dana) nakon pranja► Check lista prije ulaza u tankCheck lista prije ulaza u tank► Dodavanje aditiva-emulgatora za lakše pranje i Dodavanje aditiva-emulgatora za lakše pranje i

održavanje kvalitete tereta održavanje kvalitete tereta ► Paziti na kompatibilnost aditiva, te materijala Paziti na kompatibilnost aditiva, te materijala

tankova i opreme s kemikalijamatankova i opreme s kemikalijama► Balastiranje zabranjeno kod nekih tereta dok se Balastiranje zabranjeno kod nekih tereta dok se

kompletno ne iskrca tank tereta s kojim je balastni kompletno ne iskrca tank tereta s kojim je balastni tank u dodiru (Htank u dodiru (H22SOSO44, HCl, HNO, HCl, HNO33, H, H33POPO44, i sl), i sl)

► Odlaganje ostataka u slop-ove (3 stupnja)Odlaganje ostataka u slop-ove (3 stupnja)► Fenol zahtijeva konstantnu temp. Od 45-55 (uz Fenol zahtijeva konstantnu temp. Od 45-55 (uz

aditiv do 60aditiv do 60ooC) – konstantna recirkulacija i ne C) – konstantna recirkulacija i ne prekidati iskrcaj (nitko na brod i nitko s broda)prekidati iskrcaj (nitko na brod i nitko s broda)

Page 29: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

IMPORTANT !IMPORTANT !► Cargo tank is dangerous several hours (days) after washing Cargo tank is dangerous several hours (days) after washing ► Before cargo tank entering the check list is obligatory – signed Before cargo tank entering the check list is obligatory – signed

by officer in chargeby officer in charge► The aditives – emulgators are added into cargoes for easiest The aditives – emulgators are added into cargoes for easiest

washing and cargo quality remaining washing and cargo quality remaining ► Pay attention on Cargo tanks matherials and other equipment Pay attention on Cargo tanks matherials and other equipment

compatibilities with additivescompatibilities with additives► The ballasting of ballast tank which is in border with cargo tank The ballasting of ballast tank which is in border with cargo tank

is forbiden in the case of higly reactive cargo with sea water is forbiden in the case of higly reactive cargo with sea water (H(H22SOSO44, HCl, HNO, HCl, HNO33, H, H33POPO44, etc.), etc.)

► Cargo tank washing residues must be transfered to sloop tanks Cargo tank washing residues must be transfered to sloop tanks (3 stupnja)(3 stupnja)

► Fenol (for example) requires the constant temperatures of 45-55 Fenol (for example) requires the constant temperatures of 45-55 (60(60ooC if additive is added) – constant recirculation during C if additive is added) – constant recirculation during unloading and discharging must not be interuptedunloading and discharging must not be interupted

Page 30: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Sustav hidraulikeSustav hidraulike(Hydraulic System)(Hydraulic System)

Pumpe hidraulike (Pumpe hidraulike (Hydro_pumps - Power Hydro_pumps - Power Pack) – driven by el. motor or diesel motorPack) – driven by el. motor or diesel motor

Razvod na pumpe tereta i ostale uređaje Razvod na pumpe tereta i ostale uređaje ((Hydraulic oil distribution to cargo pumps Hydraulic oil distribution to cargo pumps and other hydraulic equipmentand other hydraulic equipment))

Tlačni cjevovod (Tlačni cjevovod (Pressure Pipes Pressure Pipes - 200 bar)- 200 bar) Povratni vod (Povratni vod (Return Pipes Return Pipes - cca. 3 bar)- cca. 3 bar) Power Pack qapacity determine the total Power Pack qapacity determine the total

unloading capacity rateunloading capacity rate

Page 31: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 32: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

1. Oil tank2. Oil Filter3. Oil Cooler4. Hydraulic Pump5. Pressure regulating valve6. Submersible centrifugal

pump (hydraulicaly driven)7. Pump’s pressure regulator

(rpm regulator)8. CCR Control Panel9. Pressure Sensor10. Pressure regulating valve

servo motor11. Electronic control unit12. Emergency Portable Pump13. Low pressure pipe

connection14. Portable pump control unit15. Discharge pipeline

Daljinska kontrola

Page 33: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Pumpe teretaPumpe tereta((Cargo pumpsCargo pumps))

• Jednostepene ili višestepene – Jednostepene ili višestepene – single single or multistagesor multistages

• Uronjena pumpa s dugom osovinom Uronjena pumpa s dugom osovinom ((deepwell pumpdeepwell pump) – ) – el. mot. or el. mot. or hydromotor on the deck connected hydromotor on the deck connected with the pump w. long shaftwith the pump w. long shaft

• ((submersibllesubmersiblle) – ) – hydromotor or el. hydromotor or el. motor together with the pump into motor together with the pump into tanktank

• Prijenosna uronjena pumpa – Prijenosna uronjena pumpa – portable portable submersible pumpsubmersible pump

Page 34: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 35: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 36: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 37: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 38: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Ceramical sleeve

Page 39: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 40: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 41: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Propuhivanje koferdama Cofferdam puging

Propuhivanje linije teretaMain cargo line purging

Cijev izlaza tereta izlinije tereta Stripping line

Cijev za regulaciju tlaka(broja okretaja pumpe) – spojs kontrolnom kabinomPipe for remote control – connected w. CCR

Manometar

Page 42: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 43: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 44: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 45: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 46: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Drenaža manifolda

Page 47: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 48: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Suhi zrak ili dušik na pumpu

Page 49: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 50: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 51: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 52: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 53: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 54: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection

Pilot-operated is Pilot-operated is used on any types of used on any types of

tankstanks

Spring-loaded is Spring-loaded is used on tanks type used on tanks type

“C” (under pressure)“C” (under pressure)

Page 55: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 56: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 57: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 58: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection
Page 59: Chemical tankers course Construction Inert gas plant Tanks cleaning Hydraulic system Cargo pumps Tanks lp/hp protection