Causes of world war 1

Why The U.S entered WW1

Treaty of Versailles

Trench Warfare & U.S in WW1

Pan- German-united all German speaking people.

Pan- Slavic- united all Slavic speaking people.

example: Bosnia-95% speak Slavic, controlled by a German speaking Austria.

European nations

competing for

colonies

“bigger is better”

Areas of conflict:

Africa, Bosnia,

Alsace, Lorraine

Military was built up for 2

reasons: to protect their

colonies and peer

pressure.

They used mandatory

draft to accomplish this.

Russia had the largest

army, Germany had the

best trained, Brittany had

the largest navy.

Central power:

Germany, Austria,

and ottoman

empire.

Allies: Britain,

Russia, France, U.S.

To protect their positions & to cut down on losses. Both sides dug trenches

At night supplies were brought in & scouts were sent out.

At dawn/ dusk attacks came: hit them with artillery & then go over the top.

Problems in the trenches: mud, rats, smell, body rot, cold, staying dry, maggots, lice, disease.

Had to go through barbwire, machine gun fire and craters.

Sinking of the Lusitania

- It was a passenger ship that was secretly carrying ammunitions

- A German submarine sunk the ship

- 1,198 passengers died (128 Americans)

-President Wilson demanded that the Germans apologize and pay for damages

Zimmerman note

- He was a German

official

- He sent a letter to

Mexico asking them to

attack U.S

- In exchange he

promised that Germany

would aid them in

retrieving some of the

land we took from them.

Unrestricted submarine warfare

-Sussex pledge- Germany

promised not to sink merchant

ships without first warning

-By 1917 Germany is

defeating Russia on the eastern

front, they want a quick victory

on the western front.

-to do this they use

unrestricted submarine warfare-

sinking all ships headed toward

allies nations.

General Pershing led the U.S. troops

By 1917 Germany controlled: Belgium, Italy & N. France

1918 Russia has a revolution & they drop out of the war

-Now Germany can concentrate on the western troops

By July, 1918 the U.S have1million troops in the War

We cut off the German rail lines which supply

their troops

- We attack through the Argonne Forest. It takes us 47 days & 1.2 million soldiers but we cut off their supply.

By October, 1918 German lines are crumbling

In November the Allies have captured the high ground & Germany surrenders

The 11th hour, the 11th day, the 11th month in 1918 the war ends!

New nations created-Russia= Finland,

Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland.

-Austria- Hungary= Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia.

-Ottoman Empire= divided up to be controlled by their allies.

Germany’s punishment

-Germany must accept full responsibility

-took away their colonies, coal field, and the areas of Alsace and Lorraine

-Forced them to pay $33 billion to the allies

-They were only able to pay $4.5 billion

Created the

league of nations

-An

organization of

nations

established at the

end of WW1 to

maintain world

stability.