charlie parker - music biography, credits and discography _ allmusic

7/28/2019 Charlie Parker - Music Biography, Credits and Discography _ AllMusic

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e Parker - Music Biography, Credits and Discography : AllMusic

www.allmusic.com/artist/charlie-parker-mn0000211758[27/2/2013 5:58:23 ]

Charlie ParkerUMP TO DISCOGRAPHY

GENRES

STYLES

ACTIVE

BORN

DIED

ALIASES

J azz

Classical

Bop

Big Band

J azz Instrument

Saxophone J azz

Chamber Music

1940s - 1950s

August 29, 1920 in Kansas

City, KS

March 12, 1955 in New Y ork,

NY

Bird

Charles Parker, J r.

Yardbird

+Artist Metadata IDs

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One of a handful of musicians who can be said to have permanently changed jazz, Charlie Parker wasarguably the greatest saxophonist of all time. He could play remarkably fast lines that, if slowed down

to half speed, would reveal that every note made sense. " Bird," along with his contemporaries Dizzy

Gillespie and Bud Powell, is considered a founder of bebop; in reality he was an intuitive player who

simply was expressing himself. Rather than basing his improvisations closely on the melody as was

done in swing, he was a master of chordal improvising, creating new melodies that were based on the

structure of a song. In fact, Birdwrote several future standards (such as "Anthropology," "Ornithology

"Scrapple from the Apple," and "Ko Ko," along with such blues numbers as "Now's the Time" and

"Parker's Mood") that "borrowed" and modernized the chord structures of older tunes. Parker's

remarkable technique, fairly original sound, and ability to come up with harmonically advanced

phrases that could be both logical and whimsical were highly influential. By 1950, it was impossible to

play "modern jazz" with credibility without closely studying Charlie Parker.

Born in Kansas City, KS, Charlie Parker grew up in Kansas City, MO. He first played baritone hornbefore switching to alto. Parker was so enamored of the rich Kansas City music scene that he dropped

out of school when he was 14, even though his musicianship at that point was questionable (with his

ideas coming out faster than his fingers could play them). After a few humiliations at jam sessions, Bi

worked hard woodshedding over one summer, building up his technique and mastery of the

fundamentals. By 1937, when he first joined Jay McShann's Orchestra, he was already a long way

toward becoming a major player.

Charlie Parker, who was early on influenced by Lester Young and the sound ofBuster Smith, visited

New York for the first time in 1939, working as a dishwasher at one point so he could hearArt Tatum

play on a nightly basis. He made his recording debut with Jay McShannin 1940, creating remarkable

solos with a small group from McShann's orchestra on "Oh, Lady Be Good" and "Honeysuckle Rose."

When the McShannbig band arrived in New York in 1941, Parkerhad short solos on a few of their

studio blues records, and his broadcasts with the orchestra greatly impressed (and sometimes scared)

other musicians who had never heard his ideas before. Parker, who had met and jammed with Dizzy

Gillespie for the first time in 1940, had a short stint with Noble Sissle's band in 1942, played tenor wi

Earl Hines' sadly unrecorded bop band of 1943, and spent a few months in 1944 with Billy Eckstine's

orchestra, leaving before that group made their first records. Gillespie was also in the Hines and

Eckstine big bands, and the duo became a team starting in late 1944.

Although Charlie Parker recorded with Tiny Grimes' combo in 1944, it was his collaborations with

Dizzy Gillespie in 1945 that startled the jazz world. To hear the two virtuosos play rapid unisons on

such new songs as "Groovin' High," "Dizzy Atmosphere," "Shaw 'Nuff," "Salt Peanuts," and "Hot

House," and then launch into fiery and unpredictable solos could be an upsetting experience for

listeners much more familiar with Glenn Millerand Benny Goodman. Although the new music was

evolutionary rather than revolutionary, the recording strike of 1943-1944 resulted in bebop arriving

fully formed on records, seemingly out of nowhere.

Unfortunately, Charlie Parker was a heroin addict ever since he was a teenager, and some other

musicians who idolized Bird foolishly took up drugs in the hope that it would elevate their playing to

his level. When Gillespie and Parker(known as "Dizand Bird") traveled to Los Angeles and were met

with a mixture of hostility and indifference (except by younger musicians who listened closely), they

decided to return to New York. Impulsively, Parker cashed in his ticket, ended up staying in L.A., and

after some recordings and performances (including a classic version of "Oh, Lady Be Good" with Jazz

at the Philharmonic), the lack of drugs (which he combated by drinking an excess of liquor) resulted i

a mental breakdown and six months of confinement at the Camarillo State Hospital. Released in

January 1947, Parker soon headed back to New York and engaged in some of the most rewarding

playing of his career, leading a quintet that included Miles Davis, Duke Jordan,Tommy Potter, and

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artist moods

artist themes

Cathartic Complex

Freewheeling Intense

Lively Sophisticated

Boisterous Cerebral

Confident Elegant

Energetic Fiery

Manic Playful

Rousing SearchingAggress ive Ambiti ous

Amiable/Good-

Natured

Bittersweet

Enigmatic

Exciting Exuberant

Gritty Intimate

Literate Melancholy

Passionate Rollicking

Romantic Stylish

Delicate Reflective

Quirky Refined

Soft/Quiet Springlike

Volatile Fun

Joyous Lush

Dinner Ambiance Freedom

Hanging Out Late Night

Relaxation Sunday Afternoon

The Creative Side Introspection

Motivation

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discography MAIN ALBUMS COMPILATIONS SINGLES & EPS DVDS & V

Year Title Label Editors' Rating Average User R

1950One Night at Birdland

TriStar Music No User Rating

1950

Carnegie Hall X-Mas '49

J ass Records No User Rating

1950 Charlie Parker Sextet Dial(1)

1952 Jam Session Verve(3)

1953Charlie Parker Plays

South of the BorderMercury

(1)

1953Jazz at Massey Hall Original J azz Classics /

Universal C lassics & J azz (96)

1953 Quintet of the Year Debut(1)

1953The Greatest Jazz

Concert EverPrestige Records

(3)

1953 Bird, Diz, Bu d, Max Savoy(1)

1953Charlie Parker [ Verve]

Verve(10)

list condensed

Max Roach. Parker, who recorded simultaneously for the Savoy and Dial labels, was in peak form

during the 1947-1951 period, visiting Europe in 1949 and 1950, and realizing a lifelong dream to reco

with strings starting in 1949 when he switched to Norman Granz's Verve label.

But Charlie Parker, due to his drug addiction and chance-taking personality, enjoyed playing with fir

too much. In 1951, his cabaret license was revoked in New York (making it difficult for him to play in

clubs) and he became increasingly unreliable. Although he could still play at his best when he wasinspired (such as at the 1953 Massey Hall concert with Gillespie), Bird was heading downhill. In 1954

he twice attempted suicide before spending time in Bellevue. His health, shaken by a very full if brief

life of excesses, gradually declined, and when he died in March 1955 at the age of 34, he could have

passed for 64.

Charlie Parker, who was a legendary figure during his lifetime, has if anything grown in stature since

his death. Virtually all of his studio recordings are available on CD along with a countless number of

radio broadcasts and club appearances. Clint Eastwoodput together a well-intentioned if simplified

movie about aspects of his life (Bird). Parker's influence, after the rise ofJohn Coltrane, has become

more indirect than direct, but jazz would sound a great deal different if Charlie Parker had not existed

The phrase "Bird Lives" (which was scrawled as graffiti after his death) is still very true.

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3/3



1953One Night in

Washington Elektra No User Rating

1953 Yardbird: DC-53 Vgm No User Rating

1956 A Nigh t at Carneg ie Hal l Birdland No User Rating

1956 Bird and Diz Verve / Polygram

(19)

1958 Bird on 52nd St. Original J azz Classics(1)

1959 Diz and Bird(1)

1972 Six Faces of Jazz Ember No User Rating

2004

Jazz Soundtracks:

Bird/Straight No

Chaser/Round Midni ght

Sony J azz / Sony Music

DistributionNo User Rating

2006At Jir ayr Zort hian 's

Ranch, July 14th, 1952Rare Live

(1)

Charlie Parker, Vol. 3

(Bird's Treasure)Dayl No User Rating

Complete Charlie

Parker, Vol. 5: 1947-1949Frmeaux No User Rating

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charlie parker - music biography, credits and discography _ allmusic

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