Chapter VChapter V

American Art and American Art and MusicMusic

I. American Art

1. American Art in Colonial Time portraits of farmers and merchants

2. American Art in the 19th CenturyA. Figures: a. Gilbert Stuart was one of the most successful

and prolific of the portrait artists.b. Joshua Johnson was the first known African

American portrait painter in the U.S..

Works of Gilbert Stuart

B. Organizations:a. The Society of Fine Arts in New York was the first

major American art academy, established in 1802.

b. The Hudson River School, a group of American painters who adopted a romantic attitude toward nature and it became highly popular.

c. In late 19th century, American portraiture, realism, historical painting and landscapes continued as important art genres.

d. The American Fine Arts Society was formed in NYC.

3. American Art in the 20th Century

A. In the early 20th centurya. Winslow Homer (1836-1910) and Thomas Eakins

(1844-1916): the most famous artistsb. The American realists tried hard to develop a native

form of painting, but they were influenced by the ideas of French modernists.

B. In 1910s and 1920sa. There was a realist art movement aroused by a group

of artists called “Ash Can” realists, who depicted gritty New York scenery and lower class residents.

b. Industrialism was a subject for the realistic art form.

Winslow Homer

Thomas Eakins

C. In 1930sa. The arts were dominated by the Great Depression.

b. The artists chose themes on American culture and history.

D. In 1940s the center of the western art world shifted from Paris to New York.

a. Abstract Expressionism, known as the New York School, was chaotic and shocking in an attempt to maintain humanity in the face of insanity.

b. Jackson Pollock: the leading force in abstract expressionism

c. Andrew Wyeth: the most popular of American artists.

His most popular work, “Christina’s World” was painted in 1948.

d. Sculpture became abstract and primitive and modern materials such as steel and “found objects” rather than the traditional marble and bronze.

Works of Jackson Pollock

Works of Andrew Wyeth

E. In 1950s a. The artists were generally experimental.b. Other artists delved into existentialism.

F. In 1960s and 1970sa. The avant-garde trend in art was prominent.b. There was art of illusionism.

G. In late 20th century American artists continued to take experimental paths of

their own.

H. Today the U.S. is the leader in the development of new ideas in modern painting.

4. Pop Art

A. Popular art used the expression of popular culture and commercial art to exemplify the “bare bones” of reality and expose the modern world of mass production and utility.

B. It was a loose-knit movement of young artists reaching against the elitism of abstract art.

C. Pop art strives to raise the ordinary, fleeting experiences of everyday life to an art form.

D. It enjoys a new resurgence in the 1990s.

II. American Music

1. American Music before the 20th C.

A. The first music in the American colonies was church music.

B. In 1842, America founded its oldest permanent orchestra--- the Philharmonic Society of New York.

2. American Music in the 20th C. and Pop Music

A. In 1910sa. There appeared populous songs.b. The term “Tin Pan Alley” was coined to represent

the cluster of song publishers located on 28th Street between Sixth Ave and Broadway in NYC.

c. Camp Fire Song is a very traditional one written and sung for campfire.

B. In 1920s and 1930sa. Harlem was hot with Jazz and the so-called “devil’s

music”

b. Broadway produced some of the most famous and lasting American musicals.

C. In 1940s Big Bands dominated popular music.

D. In 1950s and 1960s The first type of music to come to most people’s

minds is rock's roll.E. In 1970s Pop music splintered into a multitude of styles:

soft-rock, hard rock, country rock, folk rock, punk rock, shock rock and the dance craze of the decade, disco.

F. In 1980s Cable was born and MTV had an impact on music

and young people, and CD revolutionized the music industry.

G. In the last decade of the 20th C.a. There were more music choices.

b. Latino music grew in popularity.

c. Country music became more mainstream, and Grunge and Gansta appeared.

d. R & B and hip-hop remained popular, as did movie soundtracks.

H. In the early 21st C., pop music is still alive and there appeared many pop stars.

Metropolitan Opera

John Denver

Beatles

Celine Dion

a. Gwen Renee Stefani (1969-): • American singer, songwriter, fashion designer and occas

ional actress. • Stefani debuted in 1992 as the front woman of the third

wave ska band “No Doubt” • First solo album Love. Angel. Music. Baby came out in 2

004, and the second one The Sweet Escape got a worldwide success in 2006.

b. Pink (Alecia Beth Moore, 1979-)

She has released four albums and is known for her unorthodox clothing fashion, harsh yet soulful sound.

c. Christopher Joseph Isaak

His music is a blend of country, blues, rock and roll, pop and surf rock. His best known song is Wicked Game.

The End